Tips To Improve Your Grammar! 👉 English Auxiliary Verbs | BE, DO & HAVE

Hello! This is Emma from mmmEnglish!

你好！這是來自mmmEnglish的Emma！

This English lesson is all about auxiliary verbs

這個英語課程全部都是關於助動詞的

or you might recognise them if I say "helping verbs",

或者如果我說“助動詞”，你可能會認出他們，

verbs that help the main verb in an English sentence.

助動詞在英語句子中助動詞。

So why are they so important?

那麼他們為什麼如此重要？

Knowing a little more about auxiliary verbs

多了解一些助動詞

will help you to improve your English grammar

將幫助你提高你的英語文法

because the relationship between

因為之間的關係

an auxiliary verb and a main verb

助動詞和動詞

is very clear, plain and simple in English.

英語非常清楚，簡單明了。

The auxiliary verb, "do",

助動詞“do”，

exists in the simple tenses.

存在於簡單的時態中。

The auxiliary verb, "be",

助動詞“be”，

exists in the continuous tenses

存在於進行式中

and the auxiliary verb "have"

助動詞"have"

exists in the perfect tenses.

存在於完成式中。

Now before we do anything else this lesson,

在我們做這個課程之前，

just stop for a moment and think about this

先停下來想一想

because this information is golden!

因為這個信息是鑲金的！

It's really valuable information.

這是非常有價值的信息。

As you're checking your writing after

當你正在檢查你的寫作

completing an IELTS exam or

完成雅思考試或

checking an email before you

在您之前檢查電子郵件

send it to your customers,

將其發送給您的客戶，

these simple reminders need to be

這些簡單的提醒需要

in your mind.

在你的腦海。

Now auxiliary verbs are a really interesting part

現在助動詞是一個非常有趣的部分

of the English language.

對於英語這語言。

There's quite a few things

這裡有幾件事情

that you need to know about them,

你需要了解他們，

about grammar, about pronunciation,

關於文法，關於發音，

about writing, about speaking.

關於寫作，關於講話。

So I want to make three things clear to you first.

所以我想首先明確三件事。

There are three main auxiliary verbs in English:

英語中有三個主要助動詞：

"do", "be" and "have".

“"do，"be"和"have"。

Modal verbs are also considered auxiliary verbs

情態動詞也被認為是輔助動詞

but there are different grammar rules for modal verbs.

但是對於情態動詞有不同的語法規則。

In this lesson, we're focusing on

在本課中，我們將重點放在

"do", "be" and "have".

“"do，"be"和"have"。

These auxiliary verbs can also be used

這些輔助動詞也可以用來

as main verbs.

作為主要動詞。

She didn't do it!

She didn't do it!

He's being annoying.

He's being annoying.

I've had three.

I've had three.

Number two.

第二。

When you're using English verbs,

當你使用英語動詞時，

whether it's a sentence with

不管它是不是一個句子

only a main verb or there's an auxiliary verb,

只有一個動詞或者有一個輔助動詞，

they must agree with the subject.

他們必須確認這個問題。

You need to choose the right verb form

你需要選擇正確的動詞形式(BE動詞)

for the subject in your sentence.

隨著你的句子中的主詞做變化。

He is leaving.

He is leaving.

They are leaving.

They are leaving.

I am leaving.

I am leaving.

The auxiliary verb

助動詞

must match the main verb.

必須匹配主要動詞。

Now if you want to learn more about

現在，如果你想了解更多

subject-verb agreement,

主謂一致，

then check out this video that I made about it, right here.

然後查看我製作的這個視頻，就在這裡。

Number three.

第三。

Auxiliary verbs in positive sentences

肯定句子中的輔助動詞

are function words,

是功能詞，

not content words.

不是內容詞。

This means that they're usually

這意味著他們通常是

unstressed when they're spoken.

當他們說話的時候，重音不在它們上面

Unstressed words in English are often

英語中經常出現無重音的詞彙

reduced or contracted

reduced或contracted

when they're spoken out loud in English

當他們用英語大聲說出來的時候

so they can be difficult to hear.

所以他們可能很難聽到。

I'm shopping with my friends.

I'm shopping with my friends.

He's taking his time.

He's taking his time.

I've bought you some fruit.

I've bought you some fruit.

Now in negative sentences,

現在用否定的句子，

auxiliary verbs are usually stressed

輔助動詞通常被強調(重音)

but often, they're contracted with "not".

但經常，他們與 "not"縮寫在一起。

I didn't like it.

I didn't like it

We haven't been there yet.

We haven't been there yet.

Notice that when the sentence is negative,

注意，當句子是否定的時候，

you can contract the auxiliary verb with "not"

你可以用"not"來縮寫助動詞

or you can also contract the auxiliary to the subject.

或者您也可以將助動詞與主詞縮寫在一起。

We've not been there yet.

We've not been there yet.

Learning how to contract auxiliary verbs in English

學習如何用英語縮寫助動詞

is instantly going to make you sound

立刻會讓你說話聽起來很棒

more relaxed and natural when you speak.

讓你說話時更輕鬆自然。

It's much more natural to say

更自然的說

"He's not coming."

"He's not coming."

or "He isn't coming."

或 "He isn't coming."

than "He is not coming."

比"He is not coming." 來的更自然

Okay! Time to look at some examples,

Okay!是時候來看一些例子了，

starting with "do".

從 "do"開始。

"Do" is the auxiliary verb

“Do”是輔助動詞

used in the simple tenses in English.

用於英語的簡單時態。

"do" and "does" in the present tense

現在時態用"do"和 "does"

and "did" in the past tense.

在過去時態用 "did"。

In the future forms, with "will" and "going to",

在未來的時態中，隨著"will"和 "going to"

we use the infinitive form only,

我們只使用不定式形式，

"do".

"do"。

We eat fish on Fridays.

We eat fish on Fridays.

They don't want to.

They don't want to.

He doesn't eat meat.

He doesn't eat meat.

Did you like it?

Did you like it?

Doesn't Paul know about it?

Doesn't Paul know about it?

I'll do it later.

I'll do it later.

She will do it first.

She will do it first

Now take a moment

現在花一點時間

to think about these examples

想想這些例子

and to think about what I mentioned earlier.

並思考我之前提到的內容。

The subject-verb agreement rules.

主謂一致規則。

How the verb form changes depending on the subject

動詞形式如何根據主詞而變化

and the contractions.

和縮寫。

What you hear so often in spoken English

你在英語口語中經常聽到的東西

and what you see in informal writing

以及你在非正式寫作中看到的東西

are these contractions.

是這些縮寫。

Also notice that in the very first example

另請注意，在第一個例子中

we can't see the auxiliary verb "do".

我們看不到助動詞“do”。

In the present tense,

在現在時態，

in negative sentences and in questions

在否定句和問題句中

then yes - of course - you must use the auxiliary verb

那麼是的 - 當然 - 你必須使用輔助動詞

"do" or "does"

"do" 或 "does"

or "don't" or "doesn't".

或 "don't" 或“"doesn't"。

We don't eat fish on Fridays.

We don't eat fish on Fridays.

Do you eat fish on Fridays?

Do you eat fish on Fridays?

But in positive sentences

但在肯定句

in the present tense,

在現在時態中，

the auxiliary verb is often omitted.

助動詞經常被省略。

It's often left out because it's unnecessary.

它通常被忽略，因為它是不必要的。

The sentence, "We eat fish on Fridays"

例句 "We eat fish on Fridays"

is exactly the same as the sentence

與句子完全一樣

"We do eat fish on Fridays"

"We do eat fish on Fridays"

Often when "do" is included,

通常當包括"do" 時，

it's to add emphasis to the sentence,

這是為了增加句子的重點，

to make something clear.

弄清楚一些事情。

Like in this context,

就像這樣，

"You guys don't eat fish."

"You guys don't eat fish."

"We do eat fish! We eat it every Friday!"

"We do eat fish! We eat it every Friday!"

Okay! Let's move on and talk about "be".

好的！我們繼續談談 "be"。

"Be" is the auxiliary verb used in the

"Be"這助動詞是使用在

continuous or the progressive tenses.

連續或進行時態。

"Am", "are" or "is"

"Am"，"are"或 "is"

in the present continuous tense

用現在的進行式

and "was" and "were" in the past continuous tense.

"was"和 "were"用在過去式。

In the future forms, we only use

在未來式中，我們只使用

the infinitive "be".

不定式“be”。

Of course, the main verb in the continuous tenses

當然，進行式中的主要動詞

is always using the "ing" form.

總是使用“ing”形式。

But the "be" verb, the auxiliary verb,

但“be”動詞，助動詞，

will always be there, helping out.

將永遠在那裡，幫助。

We are following your brother.

We are following your brother.

I am trying to call him now.

I am trying to call him now.

It isn't raining at the moment.

It isn't raining at the moment.

Is he bringing his friend?

Is he bringing his friend?

Aren't we taking Sara?

Aren't we taking Sara?

He will be presenting at 3:00 p.m.

He will be presenting at 3:00 p.m.

Will you be going to work today?

Will you be going to work today?

Again, stop for a moment

再次，停下來一會兒

and have a look at these examples.

並看看這些例子。

The subject-verb agreement

主謂一致

so how the verb form is always changing

所以動詞形式總是在變化

depending on the subject and the tense

取決於主詞和時態

and the contractions.

和縮寫。

Often in spoken English or informal writing,

通常在英語口語或非正式寫作中，

you'll see these contractions.

你會看到這些縮寫。

Now the "be" verb is also used as an auxiliary verb

現在，“be”動詞也被用作輔助動詞

in the passive voice

在被動語態中

in sentences like

在類似的句子中

"I was given three minutes to finish."

"I was given three minutes to finish."

So it's not always with a verb that's in

所以它並不總是伴隨著一個動詞

the continuous form.

在進行式中。

Here, the "be" verb

這裡是“be”動詞

is used with the main verb in the past participle form.

與過去分詞形式的主要動詞一起使用。

Lastly, "have".

最後，"have"。

"Have" is the auxiliary verb used in the perfect tenses.

"Have"是完成時態中使用的助動詞。

"Have" and "has" in the present perfect tense

"Have" 和"has"在現在完成時

and "had" in the past perfect tense .

和 "had"用在過去完成時態。

In the future forms, we use the infinitive form only.

在未來式中，我們只使用不定式形式。

"have"

"have"

with "will" or "going to".

與"will”或"going to"。

Now, of course, the main verb in the perfect tenses

Now,，當然是現在完成時態中的主要動詞

is in past participle form.

過去分詞形式。

And I've made quite a few lessons

我已經完成了很多課程

about the present perfect tense

關於現在的完成時態

so you can check them out here if you need to.

所以你可以在這裡查看他們，如果你需要。

So in the present perfect tense,

所以在現在完成時，

your main verb is in the past participle form

你的主要動詞是過去分詞形式

and the auxiliary verb "have"

和助動詞 "have"

is always going to be there, helping out.

總是會在那裡，幫助。

Kate has taken the car.

Kate has taken the car.

We have tried it many times.

We have tried it many times.

It hasn't arrived yet.

It hasn't arrived yet.

Have they brought the umbrella?

Have they brought the umbrella?

We have been waiting for hours!

We have been waiting for hours!

He will have finished by 3:00 p.m.

He will have finished by 3:00 p.m.

Again, let's check what's happening here.

再次，讓我們來看看這裡發生了什麼。

The subject-verb agreement.

主謂一致。

So the verb is always changing

所以動詞總是在變化

depending on the subject

取決於主詞

and the tense

和時態

and check out these contractions.

並檢查這些縮寫。

Kate's taken the car.

Kate's taken the car.

We've tried it many times.

We've tried it many times.

Well that's it for this lesson!

這就是這堂課！

I hope that it's been really helpful for you

我希望這對你有幫助

because understanding

因為理解

the role of the auxiliary verb in English,

助動詞在英語中的作用，

it's challenging,

這很具有挑戰性，

but it's really important

但它非常重要

and I hope that this lesson showed you that the

我希望這一課能告訴你，

way auxiliary verbs are used in English

英語中使用助動詞

is reasonably consistent.

是相當一致的。

It's just about becoming familiar

這只是變得熟悉

with the way that sentences function.

用句子的方式起作用。

As always, if you enjoyed my lesson, please subscribe

一如往常，如果你喜歡我的課程，請訂閱

by clicking the red button right there.

通過點擊右邊的紅色按鈕。

And make sure that you're notified

並確保通知到您

when I upload a new lesson.

當我上傳一個新課程時。

To do that, click the bell button just here as well.

為此，請單擊此處的鈴鐺按鈕。

Since we just practised a whole lot of English grammar,

由於我們只練習了大量的英語語法，

why don't you mix it up a bit

你為什麼不把它混合一點

and practise your English pronunciation

並練習你的英語發音

and speaking skills

和說話技巧

in either of these two fabulous lessons?

在這兩個優秀的課程？

Thanks for watching and I'll see you next time.

感謝收看，我會在下次見到你。

Bye for now!

暫時再見！