Tips To Improve Your Grammar! πŸ‘‰ English Auxiliary Verbs | BE, DO & HAVE

1,242,846 views ・ 2017-10-24

mmmEnglish


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:09
Hello! This is Emma from mmmEnglish!
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”! mmmEnglish의 μ— λ§ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€!
00:13
This English lesson is all about auxiliary verbs
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이 μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ€ 쑰동사에 κ΄€ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:16
or you might recognise them if I say "helping verbs",
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λ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ 주동사λ₯Ό λ•λŠ” 동사인 "helping verbs"라고 ν•˜λ©΄ μ•Œμ•„μ°¨λ¦΄ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:21
verbs that help the main verb in an English sentence.
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.
00:26
So why are they so important?
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μ™œ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ? μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œλŠ” 쑰동사와 λ³Έλ™μ‚¬μ˜ 관계가 맀우 λͺ…λ£Œν•˜κ³  λ‹¨μˆœν•˜λ©° λ‹¨μˆœν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
00:29
Knowing a little more about auxiliary verbs
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쑰동사에 λŒ€ν•΄ 쑰금 더 μ•Œλ©΄
00:33
will help you to improve your English grammar
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μ˜λ¬Έλ²• ν–₯상에 도움이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:37
because the relationship between
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00:39
an auxiliary verb and a main verb
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00:41
is very clear, plain and simple in English.
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.
00:46
The auxiliary verb, "do",
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쑰동사 "do"λŠ”
00:48
exists in the simple tenses.
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λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œλ‘œ μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
The auxiliary verb, "be",
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쑰동사 "be"λŠ”
00:55
exists in the continuous tenses
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진행 μ‹œμ œλ‘œ 쑴재
00:58
and the auxiliary verb "have"
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ν•˜κ³  쑰동사 "have"λŠ”
01:01
exists in the perfect tenses.
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μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œλ‘œ μ‘΄μž¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
Now before we do anything else this lesson,
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이제 이 κ°•μ˜μ—μ„œ λ‹€λ₯Έ μž‘μ—…μ„ ν•˜κΈ° 전에
01:08
just stop for a moment and think about this
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μž μ‹œ λ©ˆμΆ”κ³  이것에 λŒ€ν•΄ 생각해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
01:12
because this information is golden!
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이 μ •λ³΄λŠ” ν™©κΈˆμ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€!
01:16
It's really valuable information.
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정말 μ†Œμ€‘ν•œ μ •λ³΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. IELTS μ‹œν—˜μ„ 마친
01:20
As you're checking your writing after
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ν›„ μž‘λ¬Έμ„ ν™•μΈν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
01:22
completing an IELTS exam or
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01:24
checking an email before you
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이메일을 κ³ κ°μ—κ²Œ 보내기 전에 확인할 λ•Œ
01:26
send it to your customers,
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01:28
these simple reminders need to be
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ μ•Œλ¦Όμ„
01:31
in your mind.
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염두에 두어야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
Now auxiliary verbs are a really interesting part
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이제 보쑰 λ™μ‚¬λŠ” μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ 정말 ν₯미둜운 λΆ€λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:36
of the English language.
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.
01:37
There's quite a few things
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01:39
that you need to know about them,
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01:41
about grammar, about pronunciation,
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문법, 발음,
01:44
about writing, about speaking.
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μž‘λ¬Έ, λ§ν•˜κΈ°μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•  것듀이 κ½€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:47
So I want to make three things clear to you first.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” λ¨Όμ € μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ μ„Έ 가지λ₯Ό λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:51
There are three main auxiliary verbs in English:
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μ˜μ–΄μ—λŠ” μ„Έ 가지 μ£Όμš” 쑰동사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€:
01:56
"do", "be" and "have".
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"do", "be" 및 "have".
01:58
Modal verbs are also considered auxiliary verbs
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쑰동사도 μ‘°λ™μ‚¬λ‘œ κ°„μ£Όλ˜μ§€λ§Œ
02:01
but there are different grammar rules for modal verbs.
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μ‘°λ™μ‚¬μ—λŠ” λ‹€λ₯Έ 문법 κ·œμΉ™μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:05
In this lesson, we're focusing on
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이 λ ˆμŠ¨μ—μ„œλŠ”
02:08
"do", "be" and "have".
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"do", "be" 및 "have"에 쀑점을 λ‘‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
These auxiliary verbs can also be used
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이 μ‘°λ™μ‚¬λŠ” λ³Έλ™μ‚¬λ‘œλ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:13
as main verbs.
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.
02:15
She didn't do it!
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ·Έκ²ƒμ„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€!
02:18
He's being annoying.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ„±κ°€μ‹œλ‹€.
02:21
I've had three.
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λ‚˜λŠ” μ„Έ 가지가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:23
Number two.
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두 번째.
02:25
When you're using English verbs,
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μ˜μ–΄ 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  λ•ŒλŠ”
02:27
whether it's a sentence with
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02:29
only a main verb or there's an auxiliary verb,
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λ³Έλ™μ‚¬λ§Œ μžˆλŠ” λ¬Έμž₯이든 쑰동사가 μžˆλŠ” λ¬Έμž₯이든 μ£Όμ–΄
02:32
they must agree with the subject.
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와 μΌμΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ¬Έμž₯의 μ£Όμ œμ— λ§žλŠ”
02:35
You need to choose the right verb form
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μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ 동사 ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό 선택해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:38
for the subject in your sentence.
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.
02:41
He is leaving.
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κ·ΈλŠ” λ– λ‚œλ‹€.
02:43
They are leaving.
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그듀은 λ– λ‚œλ‹€.
02:45
I am leaving.
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μ € μ΄μ œκ°€μš”.
02:48
The auxiliary verb
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보쑰 λ™μ‚¬λŠ”
02:50
must match the main verb.
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μ£Ό 동사와 μΌμΉ˜ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:53
Now if you want to learn more about
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이제 μ£Όμ–΄-동사 μΌμΉ˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μžμ„Ένžˆ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄λ €λ©΄
02:55
subject-verb agreement,
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02:57
then check out this video that I made about it, right here.
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μ œκ°€ λ§Œλ“  이 λΉ„λ””μ˜€λ₯Ό λ°”λ‘œ μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ ν™•μΈν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
03:01
Number three.
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μ„Έ 번째.
03:02
Auxiliary verbs in positive sentences
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κΈμ •λ¬Έμ˜ μ‘°λ™μ‚¬λŠ”
03:05
are function words,
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κΈ°λŠ₯어이지
03:07
not content words.
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λ‚΄μš©μ–΄κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
This means that they're usually
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이것은 그듀이
03:11
unstressed when they're spoken.
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말을 ν•  λ•Œ 보톡 슀트레슀λ₯Ό 받지 μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:14
Unstressed words in English are often
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κ°•μ„Έκ°€ μ—†λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ”
03:16
reduced or contracted
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03:18
when they're spoken out loud in English
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μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ 큰 μ†Œλ¦¬λ‘œ 말할 λ•Œ μ’…μ’… μ€„κ±°λ‚˜ 쀄어
03:20
so they can be difficult to hear.
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λ“£κΈ° μ–΄λ €μšΈ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
I'm shopping with my friends.
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μΉœκ΅¬λ“€κ³Ό 쇼핑을 ν•΄μš”.
03:26
He's taking his time.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ‹œκ°„μ„ 보내고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:28
I've bought you some fruit.
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과일을 사닀 μ£Όμ…¨μ–΄μš”.
03:31
Now in negative sentences,
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이제 λΆ€μ •λ¬Έμ—μ„œ
03:33
auxiliary verbs are usually stressed
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μ‘°λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 보톡 κ°•μ„Έλ₯Ό λ°›μ§€λ§Œ
03:36
but often, they're contracted with "not".
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μ’…μ’… "not"으둜 μΆ•μ•½λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
I didn't like it.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 그것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€.
03:42
We haven't been there yet.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 아직 거기에 가지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:45
Notice that when the sentence is negative,
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λ¬Έμž₯이 뢀정일 λ•Œ
03:47
you can contract the auxiliary verb with "not"
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쑰동사λ₯Ό "not"으둜 μΆ•μ•½ν•˜κ±°λ‚˜
03:50
or you can also contract the auxiliary to the subject.
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쑰동사λ₯Ό μ£Όμ–΄λ‘œ μΆ•μ•½ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:55
We've not been there yet.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 아직 거기에 가지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:57
Learning how to contract auxiliary verbs in English
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μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ 보쑰 동사λ₯Ό μΆ•μ•½ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 배우면
04:00
is instantly going to make you sound
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04:03
more relaxed and natural when you speak.
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말을 ν•  λ•Œ 더 νŽΈμ•ˆν•˜κ³  μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½κ²Œ λ“€λ¦¬κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
It's much more natural to say
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04:08
"He's not coming."
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"κ·ΈλŠ” μ˜€μ§€ μ•Šμ„κ±°μ•Ό"라고 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것이 훨씬 더 μžμ—°μŠ€λŸ½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:09
or "He isn't coming."
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λ˜λŠ” "κ·ΈλŠ” μ˜€μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€."
04:11
than "He is not coming."
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"κ·ΈλŠ” μ˜€μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€"보닀.
04:14
Okay! Time to look at some examples,
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μ’‹μ•„μš”! "do"둜 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λŠ” λͺ‡ 가지 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:18
starting with "do".
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.
04:21
"Do" is the auxiliary verb
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"Do"λŠ”
04:23
used in the simple tenses in English.
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μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œμ— μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” μ‘°λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:26
"do" and "does" in the present tense
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"do"와 "does"λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œ
04:29
and "did" in the past tense.
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이고 "did"λŠ” κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:32
In the future forms, with "will" and "going to",
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"will"κ³Ό "going to"κ°€ μžˆλŠ” 미래 ν˜•νƒœμ—μ„œλŠ”
04:36
we use the infinitive form only,
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뢀정사 ν˜•νƒœμΈ
04:39
"do".
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"do"만 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:41
We eat fish on Fridays.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κΈˆμš”μΌμ— 생선을 λ¨ΉμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
They don't want to.
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그듀은 μ›ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:46
He doesn't eat meat.
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κ·ΈλŠ” κ³ κΈ°λ₯Ό 먹지 μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€.
04:48
Did you like it?
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당신은 그것을 μ’‹μ•„ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
04:51
Doesn't Paul know about it?
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폴이 κ·Έκ±Έ λͺ¨λ₯΄λ‚˜?
04:54
I'll do it later.
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λ‚˜μ€‘μ— ν• κ²Œμš”.
04:56
She will do it first.
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κ·Έλ…€κ°€ λ¨Όμ € ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:59
Now take a moment
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이제
05:01
to think about these examples
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ˜ˆμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 생각
05:03
and to think about what I mentioned earlier.
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ν•˜κ³  μ•žμ„œ μ–ΈκΈ‰ν•œ λ‚΄μš©μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 생각해 λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
05:06
The subject-verb agreement rules.
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μ£Όμ–΄-동사 일치 κ·œμΉ™.
05:09
How the verb form changes depending on the subject
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주어와 μΆ•μ•½ν˜•μ— 따라 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ ν˜•νƒœκ°€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ³€ν•˜λŠ”κ°€
05:13
and the contractions.
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.
05:15
What you hear so often in spoken English
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ꡬ어체 μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ 자주 λ“£λŠ” 것과
05:18
and what you see in informal writing
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비곡식적인 κΈ€μ—μ„œ λ³΄λŠ” 것은
05:21
are these contractions.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μΆ•μ•½ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:23
Also notice that in the very first example
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λ˜ν•œ 첫 번째 μ˜ˆμ—μ„œ
05:27
we can't see the auxiliary verb "do".
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 쑰동사 "do"λ₯Ό λ³Ό 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:31
In the present tense,
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ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œμ—μ„œλŠ”
05:33
in negative sentences and in questions
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λΆ€μ •λ¬Έκ³Ό μ˜λ¬Έλ¬Έμ—μ„œ
05:35
then yes - of course - you must use the auxiliary verb
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yes - λ¬Όλ‘  - 쑰동사
05:40
"do" or "does"
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"do" λ˜λŠ” "does"
05:42
or "don't" or "doesn't".
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λ˜λŠ” "don't" λ˜λŠ” "doesn't"λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:44
We don't eat fish on Fridays.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κΈˆμš”μΌμ— 생선을 먹지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:47
Do you eat fish on Fridays?
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κΈˆμš”μΌμ— 생선을 λ¨Ήλ‚˜μš”?
05:51
But in positive sentences
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ ν˜„μž¬ μ‹œμ œμ˜ κΈμ •λ¬Έμ—μ„œλŠ”
05:53
in the present tense,
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05:54
the auxiliary verb is often omitted.
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쑰동사λ₯Ό μƒλž΅ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°κ°€ λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:57
It's often left out because it's unnecessary.
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λΆˆν•„μš”ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μƒλž΅ν•˜λŠ” κ²½μš°κ°€ λ§ŽμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:01
The sentence, "We eat fish on Fridays"
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"We eat fish on Fridays"λΌλŠ” λ¬Έμž₯은
06:04
is exactly the same as the sentence
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06:06
"We do eat fish on Fridays"
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"We do eat fish on Fridays"λΌλŠ” λ¬Έμž₯κ³Ό μ •ν™•νžˆ κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:09
Often when "do" is included,
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μ’…μ’… "do"κ°€ 포함될 λ•Œ
06:12
it's to add emphasis to the sentence,
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λ¬Έμž₯에 κ°•μ‘°λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜μ—¬
06:14
to make something clear.
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무언가λ₯Ό λͺ…ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
Like in this context,
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이 λ§₯λ½μ—μ„œ
06:19
"You guys don't eat fish."
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"λ„ˆν¬λ“€μ€ 생선을 먹지 μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€."
06:22
"We do eat fish! We eat it every Friday!"
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"μ €ν¬λŠ” 생선을 λ¨ΉμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€! 맀주 κΈˆμš”μΌμ— λ¨ΉμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!"
06:26
Okay! Let's move on and talk about "be".
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μ’‹μ•„μš”! κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ "be"에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
06:30
"Be" is the auxiliary verb used in the
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"Be"λŠ”
06:33
continuous or the progressive tenses.
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μ§„ν–‰ν˜• λ˜λŠ” μ§„ν–‰ν˜• μ‹œμ œμ— μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” μ‘°λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:37
"Am", "are" or "is"
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"Am", "are" λ˜λŠ” "is"λŠ”
06:39
in the present continuous tense
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ν˜„μž¬ 진행 μ‹œμ œ
06:42
and "was" and "were" in the past continuous tense.
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이고 "was"와 "were"λŠ” κ³Όκ±° 진행 μ‹œμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:47
In the future forms, we only use
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미래 ν˜•νƒœμ—μ„œλŠ”
06:49
the infinitive "be".
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뢀정사 "be"만 μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:52
Of course, the main verb in the continuous tenses
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λ¬Όλ‘  진행 μ‹œμ œμ˜ λ³Έλ™μ‚¬λŠ”
06:55
is always using the "ing" form.
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항상 "ing" ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:58
But the "be" verb, the auxiliary verb,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 쑰동사인 "be" λ™μ‚¬λŠ”
07:02
will always be there, helping out.
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항상 거기에 μžˆμ–΄ 도움을 μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:05
We are following your brother.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ ν˜•μ œλ₯Ό λ”°λ₯΄κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:08
I am trying to call him now.
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μ§€κΈˆ κ·Έμ—κ²Œ μ „ν™”ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:11
It isn't raining at the moment.
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ λΉ„κ°€ 내리지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:14
Is he bringing his friend?
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κ·ΈλŠ” 친ꡬλ₯Ό 데렀였고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
07:18
Aren't we taking Sara?
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사라λ₯Ό λ°λ €κ°€λŠ” κ±° μ•„λ‹ˆμ•Ό?
07:20
He will be presenting at 3:00 p.m.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ˜€ν›„ 3μ‹œμ— λ°œν‘œν•  μ˜ˆμ •μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:24
Will you be going to work today?
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였늘 μΌν•˜λŸ¬ κ°ˆκ±°μ•Ό?
07:27
Again, stop for a moment
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λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번, μž μ‹œ λ©ˆμΆ”κ³ 
07:29
and have a look at these examples.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
07:32
The subject-verb agreement
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μ£Όμ–΄-동사 일치
07:33
so how the verb form is always changing
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 동사 ν˜•νƒœκ°€ 주어와
07:36
depending on the subject and the tense
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μ‹œμ œ
07:40
and the contractions.
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및 μˆ˜μΆ•μ— 따라 항상 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ³€ν•˜λŠ”μ§€.
07:42
Often in spoken English or informal writing,
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μ’…μ’… ꡬ어체 μ˜μ–΄ λ˜λŠ” 비곡식 μž‘λ¬Έμ—μ„œ
07:46
you'll see these contractions.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μΆ•μ•½ν˜•μ„ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:47
Now the "be" verb is also used as an auxiliary verb
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이제 "be" λ™μ‚¬λŠ”
07:51
in the passive voice
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07:53
in sentences like
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07:54
"I was given three minutes to finish."
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"I was given three minutes to finish"와 같은 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ μˆ˜λ™νƒœμ˜ μ‘°λ™μ‚¬λ‘œλ„ β€‹β€‹μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:58
So it's not always with a verb that's in
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 동사가 항상
08:01
the continuous form.
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μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μΈ 것은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:03
Here, the "be" verb
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ "be" λ™μ‚¬λŠ”
08:05
is used with the main verb in the past participle form.
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κ³Όκ±° 뢄사 ν˜•νƒœμ˜ 본동사와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:10
Lastly, "have".
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ "μžˆλ‹€".
08:13
"Have" is the auxiliary verb used in the perfect tenses.
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"Have"λŠ” μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” μ‘°λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:18
"Have" and "has" in the present perfect tense
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"Have"와 "has"λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œ
08:22
and "had" in the past perfect tense .
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이고 "had"λŠ” κ³Όκ±° μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:25
In the future forms, we use the infinitive form only.
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미래 ν˜•νƒœμ—μ„œλŠ” 뢀정사 ν˜•νƒœλ§Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:29
"have"
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"have"
08:30
with "will" or "going to".
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와 "will" λ˜λŠ” "going to".
08:33
Now, of course, the main verb in the perfect tenses
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이제 λ¬Όλ‘  μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œμ˜ λ³Έλ™μ‚¬λŠ”
08:36
is in past participle form.
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κ³Όκ±° 뢄사 ν˜•νƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:40
And I've made quite a few lessons
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그리고 ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ κ½€ λ§Žμ€ κ΅ν›ˆμ„ λ§Œλ“€μ—ˆ
08:42
about the present perfect tense
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08:43
so you can check them out here if you need to.
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μœΌλ―€λ‘œ ν•„μš”ν•œ 경우 μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ 확인할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:48
So in the present perfect tense,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ‹œμ œμ—μ„œ
08:50
your main verb is in the past participle form
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μ£Όλ™μ‚¬λŠ” κ³Όκ±°λΆ„μ‚¬ν˜•
08:53
and the auxiliary verb "have"
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이고 쑰동사 "have"λŠ”
08:56
is always going to be there, helping out.
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항상 거기에 μžˆμ–΄ 도움을 μ€λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:00
Kate has taken the car.
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μΌ€μ΄νŠΈκ°€ μ°¨λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έκ°”λ‹€.
09:03
We have tried it many times.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것을 μ—¬λŸ¬ 번 μ‹œλ„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:07
It hasn't arrived yet.
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아직 λ„μ°©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:10
Have they brought the umbrella?
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그듀이 μš°μ‚°μ„ κ°€μ Έμ™”λ‹ˆ?
09:13
We have been waiting for hours!
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λͺ‡ μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ 기닀리고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€!
09:17
He will have finished by 3:00 p.m.
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κ·ΈλŠ” μ˜€ν›„ 3μ‹œμ— 끝날 것이닀.
09:21
Again, let's check what's happening here.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 무슨 일이 μΌμ–΄λ‚˜κ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ λ‹€μ‹œ 확인해 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
09:24
The subject-verb agreement.
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μ£Όμ–΄-동사 일치.
09:26
So the verb is always changing
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 주어와 μ‹œμ œμ— 따라 항상 λ°”λ€Œλ©°
09:29
depending on the subject
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09:30
and the tense
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09:32
and check out these contractions.
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μΆ•μ•½ν˜•μ„ ν™•μΈν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.
09:35
Kate's taken the car.
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μΌ€μ΄νŠΈκ°€ μ°¨λ₯Ό κ°€μ Έκ°”μ–΄μš”.
09:38
We've tried it many times.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것을 μ—¬λŸ¬ 번 μ‹œλ„ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:42
Well that's it for this lesson!
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자, 이번 κ°•μ˜λŠ” μ—¬κΈ°κΉŒμ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€!
09:44
I hope that it's been really helpful for you
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09:48
because understanding
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09:50
the role of the auxiliary verb in English,
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μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ 보쑰 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 역할을 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 것은
09:52
it's challenging,
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μ–΄λ ΅μ§€λ§Œ
09:54
but it's really important
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정말 μ€‘μš”ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ 정말 도움이 λ˜μ—ˆκΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:55
and I hope that this lesson showed you that the
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이 μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 톡해
09:58
way auxiliary verbs are used in English
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μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ 보쑰 동사가 μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” 방식이 ν•©λ¦¬μ μœΌλ‘œ
10:02
is reasonably consistent.
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일관성이 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 λ³΄μ—¬μ£Όμ—ˆκΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:04
It's just about becoming familiar
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10:07
with the way that sentences function.
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λ¬Έμž₯이 κΈ°λŠ₯ν•˜λŠ” 방식에 μ΅μˆ™ν•΄μ§€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:10
As always, if you enjoyed my lesson, please subscribe
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μ–Έμ œλ‚˜ 그렇듯이 제 μˆ˜μ—…μ΄ λ§ˆμŒμ— λ“œμ…¨λ‹€λ©΄
10:14
by clicking the red button right there.
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λ°”λ‘œ μ €κΈ° λΉ¨κ°„ λ²„νŠΌμ„ 눌러 ꡬ독 λΆ€νƒλ“œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:16
And make sure that you're notified
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그리고
10:18
when I upload a new lesson.
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μ œκ°€ μƒˆ κ°•μ˜λ₯Ό μ—…λ‘œλ“œν•  λ•Œ μ•Œλ¦Όμ„ 받도둝 ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
10:21
To do that, click the bell button just here as well.
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λ €λ©΄ μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œλ„ 벨 λ²„νŠΌμ„ ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
10:26
Since we just practised a whole lot of English grammar,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 방금 λ§Žμ€ μ˜μ–΄ 문법을 μ—°μŠ΅ν–ˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ
10:29
why don't you mix it up a bit
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10:30
and practise your English pronunciation
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10:33
and speaking skills
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10:35
in either of these two fabulous lessons?
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이 두 가지 멋진 μˆ˜μ—… 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μ—μ„œ μ˜μ–΄ 발음과 λ§ν•˜κΈ° λŠ₯λ ₯을 μ•½κ°„ μ„žμ–΄μ„œ μ—°μŠ΅ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ–΄λ–»μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
10:39
Thanks for watching and I'll see you next time.
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λ΄μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•˜κ³  λ‹€μŒμ— 또 λ΅™κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:42
Bye for now!
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μ§€κΈˆμ€ μ•ˆλ…•!
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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