Learn All English Sounds & Pronounce Words Perfectly with the IPA!

819,557 views ใƒป 2023-08-15

mmmEnglish


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hey there I'm Emma from mmmEnglish.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” mmmEnglish์˜ Emma์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:04
This lesson will help you learn all English sounds
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ
00:08
but more specifically, how to learn and remember
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๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” IPA ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์—ฌ
00:12
the IPA symbols
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00:14
so that you can study and improve your pronunciation
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๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋ณด๋‹ค ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:17
more effectively.
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.
00:19
The IPA is the International Phonetic Alphabet.
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IPA๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ ์Œ์„ฑ ๋ฌธ์ž์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
It's a set of symbols that represents
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ
00:26
the different sounds in English
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00:29
and I know that the thought of learning what must
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์ด๋ฉฐ
00:33
seem like an entirely new alphabet
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00:36
in order to know how to pronounce English words
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์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด
00:40
must be really frustrating.
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์ •๋ง ๋‹ต๋‹ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
But in order to know what sounds to produce,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
00:45
to pronounce a word correctly you need to be able to
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
00:50
see and to recognise which sound you need to make.
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์–ด๋–ค ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ธ์‹ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
And this is where the IPA can help you.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด IPA๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋„์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
Instead of looking at the letters in this word
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ 
01:00
and trying to pronounce them, maybe saying busi-ness,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ , ์•„๋งˆ๋„ business๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด
01:06
you'll see the actual sounds that combine to produce the word
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ธ
01:11
and pronounce it correctly,
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01:13
business.
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business๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
Now I want you to tell me down in the comments right now
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์ด์ œ
01:22
what English word is most difficult for you to pronounce.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
01:27
If you add it down below I'm going to try and make
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์•„๋ž˜์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด
01:29
some short videos helping to explain the pronunciation for you
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๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์งง์€ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
but right now in this lesson
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ด ๋ ˆ์Šจ์—์„œ๋Š”
01:36
I'm not only gonna teach you all of the English sounds
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๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์–ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:40
but I'm also going to train you to associate the sounds
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01:44
with their symbols so that you can start using the IPA as a tool
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IPA๋ฅผ
01:49
to pronounce any English word that you learn correctly.
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๊ตฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ด€์‹œํ‚ค๋„๋ก ํ›ˆ๋ จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
Now because this lesson is a big one, there's a lot to take in,
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋Š” ํฐ ๊ฐ•์˜์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ๊ณ 
01:58
there's a lot to learn,
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๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ž˜ ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
02:00
I've created you a free pdf workbook that you can download
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๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF ์›Œํฌ๋ถ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:04
using the link in the description below.
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.
02:07
If you follow the link, you add your email address, I'll send
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๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด
02:10
that PDF to you straight away.
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ํ•ด๋‹น PDF๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ณด๋‚ด๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜
02:13
It's going to have all of the sounds that we'll practise in this
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ๋ฆฌ
02:16
lesson today and all of the example words as well
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์™€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ˆ์ œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด
02:20
so it's a really useful resource. Go grab it after the lesson
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์ •๋ง ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฆฌ์†Œ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋๋‚œ ํ›„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”
02:24
to review what we practise right now.
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.
02:32
This is just a friendly reminder that my accent is an Australian
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์ œ ์•…์„ผํŠธ๋Š” ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์‹
02:36
English accent so everything I'm teaching in this lesson
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์˜์–ด ์•…์„ผํŠธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์€
02:40
relates to Australian English pronunciation.
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ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์‹ ์˜์–ด ๋ฐœ์Œ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
So by now you probably have already noticed
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์ฏค์ด๋ฉด
02:46
that English is not a phonetic language.
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์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ์Œ์„ฑ ์–ธ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
There are twenty-six letters in the English alphabet
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์˜์–ด ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ์—๋Š” 26๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ธ€์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋Š๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
02:52
but there are forty-four or forty-five different English sounds
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44๊ฐœ ๋˜๋Š” 45๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:58
depending on who you ask.
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.
03:00
Vowel sounds in particular are a challenge because there's only
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋ ค์šด๋ฐ,
03:04
five vowel letters in English
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์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ์ด 5๊ฐœ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
03:06
but there are nineteen different vowel sounds.
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๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 19๊ฐœ๋‚˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
This is why you need the IPA.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด IPA๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ๋ฒˆ
03:13
So let's take a look.
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์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:15
These are the forty-four sounds of English.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด์˜ 44๊ฐ€์ง€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
You'll notice that some of these sounds look like
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์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๊ธ€์ž์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
English letters so that makes it easy right?
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03:25
You can see the letter B for the /b/ sound.
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/b/ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ž B๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
The letter K for the /k/ sound.
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/k/ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ž K.
03:33
But there are some different symbols here for other sounds.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
For example, this one represents the /สƒ/ sound.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ /สƒ/ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Show, Relation, Passion, Chef ๋“ฑ ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ
03:44
We use this symbol to represent the sound because
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:48
it can be written with different English letters in English words
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03:53
like
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03:54
show,
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03:57
relation,
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03:59
passion
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04:01
and chef.
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.
04:03
Notice how the IPA is divided into different sections?
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IPA๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„น์…˜์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
04:08
The top half shows all of the English vowel sounds.
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์œ„์ชฝ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์–ด ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
On this left side you'll find all the monophthong vowel sounds.
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์ด ์™ผ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ๋ชจ์Œ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
It's a complicated name for a very simple thing.
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
These are just the pure vowel sounds. Let's go through them.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
04:29
Ship.
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๋ฐฐ.
04:34
Sheep.
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์–‘.
04:38
Book.
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์ฑ….
04:44
Move.
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์ด๋™ํ•˜๋‹ค.
04:49
Egg.
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๊ณ„๋ž€.
04:54
Her.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜.
04:58
Teacher.
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜.
05:01
This is our relaxed lazy schwa sound.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ฌ์œ ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅธ ์Šˆ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
We really need to relax our jaw.
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ํ„ฑ์„ ์ด์™„์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
Door.
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๋ฌธ.
05:15
I like to remember this one by imagining the shape of my lips,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์‹ฌ๋ณผ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ชจ์–‘์ธ ๋‚ด ์ž…์ˆ ์˜ ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค
05:20
the same shape as that symbol.
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.
05:27
And again I like to remember the shape of my mouth
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋กœ ์ œ ์ž… ๋ชจ์–‘์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:31
with this symbol.
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.
05:32
It's big, it's open.
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ํฌ๊ณ  ์—ด๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
Cup.
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์ปต.
05:45
On.
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์—.
05:50
Car.
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์ž๋™์ฐจ.
05:52
So here's a quick tip.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋น ๋ฅธ ํŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
The sounds with the two dots are long vowel sounds.
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์žฅ๋ชจ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
This right side has the diphthong sounds.
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์ด ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์—๋Š” ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
They are also vowel sounds but they are different
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๋„ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
06:21
because each individual sound is made up of a combination
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๊ฐ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:25
of sounds.
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.
06:27
Compare that monophthong sound
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06:32
which is just one sound with the diphthong sound
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ธ ๋‹จ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€
06:39
which is two sounds combined to make one sound.
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋˜์–ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:44
So the diphthong sound is actually made up of the /ษ”:/
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด์ค‘ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ /ษ”:/
06:50
and /ษช/ vowel sounds.
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์™€ /ษช/ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
Let's go through all of them now.
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์ด์ œ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
/eษช/ as in day.
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/eษช/ ๋‚ฎ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด.
07:08
/ษ”ษช/ as in boy.
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/ษ”ษช/ ์†Œ๋…„์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด.
07:13
/aษช/ as in like.
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/aษช/ ๊ฐ™์€.
07:19
/eษ™/ as in hair.
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/eษ™/ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ.
07:25
/ษชษ™/ as in here.
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/ษชษ™/ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด.
07:31
/สŠษ™/ as in tour.
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/สŠษ™/ ํˆฌ์–ด์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด.
07:37
/ษ™สŠ/ as in show.
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/ษ™สŠ/ ์‡ผ์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด.
07:42
/aสŠ/ as in mouth.
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/aสŠ/ ์ž…์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด.
07:48
The bottom half of the IPA table shows all of the English
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IPA ํ‘œ์˜ ์•„๋ž˜์ชฝ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์—๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜์–ด
07:52
consonant sounds and you'll see that some of these symbols
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์ž์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š”
07:56
are the same as English letters. That makes things simple.
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์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์ž์™€ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์„ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
There are two main types of English consonant sounds,
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์˜์–ด ์ž์Œ์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์„ฑ์Œ๊ณผ ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์˜ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ์œ ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:05
unvoiced and voiced.
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.
08:09
Unvoiced consonant sounds are made by pushing
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๋ฌด์„ฑ์ž์Œ์€
08:12
air through your mouth and it's the air that creates
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์ž…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ€์–ด์„œ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ธ๋ฐ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€
08:16
the sound so actually when you make unvoiced
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ˆ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ฌด์„ฑ์ž์Œ์„ ๋‚ผ ๋•Œ๋Š”
08:20
consonant sounds, you should be able to hold your hand
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08:23
in front of your mouth and you should feel the air coming out.
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์ž… ์•ž์— ์†์„ ๋Œ€๊ณ  ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๊ปด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
08:28
So let's practise and keep your hand there if you need to.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์†์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋‘์ž.
08:34
Pea.
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์™„๋‘์ฝฉ.
08:39
Far.
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๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ.
08:46
Think.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‹ค.
08:51
Top.
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๋งจ ์œ„.
08:55
Say.
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๋งํ•˜๋‹ค.
09:01
She.
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๊ทธ๋…€.
09:06
Chip.
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์นฉ.
09:09
That sound /สง/ is a combination of the t and สƒ.
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๊ทธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ /สง/๋Š” t์™€ สƒ์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:16
Remember that when you're looking for this symbol.
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์ด ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
09:23
Key.
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์—ด์‡ .
09:25
Voiced consonant sounds are made using your vocal chords.
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์œ ์„ฑ ์ž์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
So when you're using your vocal chords you can
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ
09:32
feel them vibrating or moving.
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์ง„๋™ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›€์ง์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์„ ๋‚ผ ๋•Œ
09:35
You shouldn't have a lot of air coming out of your mouth
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์ž…์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:38
when you're making voiced sounds. The sound is made here.
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
Beat.
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์ด๊ธฐ๋‹ค.
09:51
Van.
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๋ด‰๊ณ ์ฐจ.
09:56
This.
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์ด๊ฒƒ.
10:01
Dog.
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๊ฐœ.
10:06
Zip.
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์ง€ํผ.
10:10
Vision.
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๋น„์ „.
10:16
Jam.
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์žผ.
10:17
This is a combination of the /d/ and /ส’/ sounds.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ /d/์™€ /ส’/ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:28
Gap.
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๊ฐญ.
10:32
Man.
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๋‚จ์„ฑ.
10:37
Next.
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๋‹ค์Œ.
10:41
Young.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ.
10:45
Hope.
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ํฌ๋ง.
10:49
Win.
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์ด๊ธฐ๋‹ค.
10:53
Love.
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์‚ฌ๋ž‘.
10:57
Run.
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๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค.
11:02
You.
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๋„ˆ.
11:04
The thing is, if you can learn to recognise and to produce
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜์–ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:08
these English sounds, you'll be able to pronounce
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11:12
any new English word that you learn perfectly
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ
11:16
just by breaking it down into the correct sounds
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜์—ฌ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„
11:19
but it's also going to help you to use the correct
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๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ์—๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ
11:22
syllable stress, sentence stress,
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์Œ์ ˆ ๊ฐ•์„ธ, ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ฐ•์„ธ,
11:25
rhythm and help you to speak much more clearly and naturally.
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๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
So the question is
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š”
11:32
how do you memorise all of these symbols and sounds?
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธฐํ˜ธ์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์™ธ์šฐ๋Š๋ƒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:37
We practise!
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šตํ•œ๋‹ค!
11:38
Okay so we are not going to focus on the sounds that look
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ€์ž์™€ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:43
exactly like the letters. They're the easy ones.
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. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‰ฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”
11:47
We're going to focus our energy on these vowel and
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ์Œ๊ณผ ์ž์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:50
consonant sounds that we need to learn how to recognise.
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.
11:54
So you'll see them come up on screen just here
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ™”๋ฉด์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿด
11:58
and when they do, don't just think about the sound,
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๋•Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ
12:01
I want you to make the sound as you see it so
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
12:05
what we're trying to do is associate the sound
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ
12:08
with the movement of your muscles. This is really important
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๊ทผ์œก์˜ ์›€์ง์ž„. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:12
okay. This is why we're practising together.
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:15
So just try and pronounce the sound.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:18
The word is going to be there just to prompt you
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๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ดœ์ฐฎ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:21
okay but I want you to focus on memorising the sound.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์•”๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
Let's start with...
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค...
13:55
Now we'll go through all of these same sounds again
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋™์ผํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ
13:59
in a different order and without my voice this time
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋‚ด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์—†์ด
14:04
so you need to guess. You need to make the sound out loud.
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์ถ”์ธกํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
After one second I'll give you a little clue,
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1์ดˆ ํ›„์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋‹จ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
I'll add that word up on screen and then
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ํ™”๋ฉด์— ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ
14:16
you'll hear me make the sound so you can check if you're right.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
We're working with your memory here, we're trying to make
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ธฐ์–ต์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
14:23
these sounds and symbols stick.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ •์‹œํ‚ค๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:33
Edge.
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๊ฐ€์žฅ์ž๋ฆฌ.
14:42
Flute.
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ํ”Œ๋ฃจํŠธ.
14:52
Hide.
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์ˆจ๋‹ค.
15:02
Tissue.
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์กฐ์ง.
15:12
Apart.
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๋”ฐ๋กœ.
15:22
Bother.
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์‹ ๊ฒฝ ์“ฐ๋‹ค.
15:32
Angry.
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ํ™”๋‚œ.
15:43
Bath.
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์š•์กฐ.
15:53
Breeze.
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๋ฏธํ’.
16:03
Cook.
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์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค.
16:13
Happen.
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์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋‹ค.
16:23
Cap.
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์บก.
16:33
Hair.
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ์นด๋ฝ.
16:43
Sip.
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ํ•œ๋ชจ๊ธˆ.
16:53
Know.
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์•Œ๋‹ค.
17:03
Culture.
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๋ฌธํ™”.
17:13
Cure.
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์น˜์œ ๋ฒ•.
17:23
Measure.
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์ธก์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค.
17:34
Boy.
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์†Œ๋…„.
17:44
Hurt.
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์•„ํ”„๋‹ค.
17:55
Cup.
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์ปต.
18:05
How.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ.
18:15
Pay.
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์ง€๋ถˆํ•˜๋‹ค.
18:25
Yes.
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์˜ˆ.
18:35
Beer.
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๋งฅ์ฃผ.
18:46
Poor.
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๊ฐ€๋‚œํ•œ.
18:56
Soft.
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๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์šด.
19:06
Show.
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๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋‹ค.
19:11
Okay you've made it to the last part!
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์ž, ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋„๋‹ฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
19:13
This is where we get to have some fun all right.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์žฌ๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:16
You're gonna see some sounds come up on screen
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ํ™”๋ฉด์— ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜
19:20
and you need to guess the word.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ธกํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:22
Remember to do this out loud.
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์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
19:24
It's important that you're training your
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19:26
ears, your eyes, your mouth
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๊ท€, ๋ˆˆ, ์ž…์„
19:29
all together. They're working as a team here.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‹จ๋ จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํŒ€์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:38
Yacht.
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์š”ํŠธ.
19:47
Young.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ.
19:54
Brochure.
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์†Œ์ฑ…์ž.
20:02
Greet.
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ํ™˜์˜ํ•˜๋‹ค.
20:11
Breathe.
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์ˆจ ์‰ฌ๋‹ค.
20:19
Groceries.
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์‹๋ฃŒ ์žกํ™”๋ฅ˜.
20:28
Jungle.
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๋ฐ€๋ฆผ.
20:35
Mission.
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์‚ฌ๋ช….
20:43
Mechanic.
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์ •๋น„๊ณต.
20:51
Moustache.
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์ˆ˜์—ผ.
20:59
Nationality.
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๊ตญ์ .
21:06
Nurse.
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๊ฐ„ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ.
21:14
Pouch.
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์ž‘์€ ์ฃผ๋จธ๋‹ˆ.
21:22
Qualify.
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์ž๊ฒฉ์„ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:29
Reservation.
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์˜ˆ์•ฝ.
21:37
Single.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜.
21:45
Special.
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ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ.
21:52
Technique.
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๊ธฐ์ˆ .
22:00
Toenail.
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๋ฐœํ†ฑ.
22:08
Urgent.
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๊ธด๊ธ‰ํ•œ.
22:11
So I really hope that you enjoyed that practice today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ๊ทธ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:15
I designed it so you can continue to come back and test
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ณ„์† ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:19
yourself, maybe skip over the sounds
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. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ๊ณ 
22:21
and come straight to the practice
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฐ์Šต์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:23
because it's going to take you some time to practise
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์—ฐ์Šต
22:27
and to remember all of these different sounds.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:30
I know when I was learning them I found it really helpful
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๋•Œ
22:34
to associate the different
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ
22:36
shapes and the different sounds or combinations of sounds
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๋ชจ์–‘๊ณผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋˜๋Š”
22:40
that came together to produce these words.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜จ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์„ ์—ฐ๊ด€์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:43
It really helped me to remember them.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ •๋ง ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:45
Watch it again, test yourself,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณด๊ณ , ์ž์‹ ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•˜๊ณ ,
22:48
remind yourself about all of these different sounds,
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ ,
22:52
keep practising, make it stick in your mind.
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๊ณ„์† ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ , ๋งˆ์Œ์— ์ƒˆ๊ธฐ๋„๋ก ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
22:55
And if you want me to make another practice lesson
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
22:59
just like this one,
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23:01
let me know down in the comments below.
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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
23:03
Practice makes perfect, doesn't it?
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์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋ฉด ์™„๋ฒฝํ•ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
23:07
I'll see you in the next lesson.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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