Advanced English Grammar: Use the PRESENT Tense to talk about the PAST & FUTURE ๐Ÿ˜ฒ

14,615 views ใƒป 2019-06-24

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ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
- Hello, this is Jack from tofluency.com.
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- ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€tofluency.com ใฎใ‚ธใƒฃใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ™ใ€‚
00:03
Welcome to this lesson on how we can use present tenses
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็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ไฝฟใฃ
00:07
to talk about the past and also the future.
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ใฆ้ŽๅŽปใจๆœชๆฅใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใ ใ€‚
00:12
Now, that might sound quite confusing,
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้žๅธธใซใ‚„ใ‚„ใ“ใ—ใ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
00:14
but here's a quick example.
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ใŒใ€ใ“ใ“ใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใชไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:17
I'm playing soccer tomorrow.
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็งใฏๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:19
This is true, tomorrow I am playing soccer.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใงใ™ใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ ็งใฏใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:23
I'm using the present continuous to talk about the future,
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็งใฏ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใฃ ใฆๆœชๆฅใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„
00:27
but we can also use the present simple
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€็พๅœจๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใฃ
00:30
to talk about the future,
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ใฆๆœชๆฅใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—
00:31
and the present simple to talk about the past.
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€็พๅœจๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใฃ ใฆ้ŽๅŽปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
00:35
So if you want to learn more about that, stick around,
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚ใฃใจ็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏใ€
00:38
but first this video is sponsored by Italki.
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ใ“ใฎใพใพใซใ—ใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๆœ€ๅˆใซใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ช ใฏ Italki ใŒๅพŒๆดใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:41
Now, Italki is a platform
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็พๅœจใ€Italki ใฏใ€
00:43
where you can find the perfect English teacher for you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใซใดใฃใŸใ‚Šใฎ ่‹ฑ่ชžๆ•™ๅธซใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใƒ—ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใงใ™ใ€‚
00:47
I used to teach one to one lessons,
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ไปฅๅ‰ใฏใƒžใƒณใƒ„ใƒผใƒžใƒณใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆ
00:49
but I don't anymore,
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ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ไปŠใฏใ—ใฆ
00:51
so that's not something I can offer to you.
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ใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ ใ‚ใชใŸใซๆไพ›ใงใใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:53
So what I recommend you do
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
00:55
is click the link in the description,
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ใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’
00:57
go to the Italki platform, and have a look for a teacher
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ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€Italki ใƒ—ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใ€
01:01
who you think is going to help you.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆ•™ๅธซใ‚’ๆŽขใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:04
Look at their profiles.
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒซใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
01:05
Maybe take a trial lesson with somebody,
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่ชฐใ‹ใจไธ€็ท’ใซใƒˆใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ขใƒซ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ
01:08
and then start taking lessons online
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ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ—
01:10
to practice your speaking,
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ใฆใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใฎ็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ้–“้•ใ„
01:12
to get feedback on any mistakes that you're making,
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ใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ‰ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏ
01:16
and also to find somebody
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01:17
who's going to help you specifically.
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ใ‚’ๅพ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใซๅŠฉใ‘ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‹ไบบใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:21
Right now they are offering a $10 credit for anybody
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็พๅœจใ€ใƒ—ใƒฉใƒƒใƒˆใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใงๆœ€ๅˆใฎ ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซใ‚ตใ‚คใƒณใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ—ใŸไบบใซใฏใ€10 ใƒ‰ใƒซใฎใ‚ฏใƒฌใ‚ธใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๆไพ›
01:24
who signs up to their first lesson on the platform.
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ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:27
So, again, click the link in the profile,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใƒ—ใƒญใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒซใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใซใดใฃใŸใ‚Š
01:30
and find the teacher that is going to be perfect for you,
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ใฎๅ…ˆ็”Ÿใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆ
01:32
and start practicing your English speaking.
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ใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™็ทด็ฟ’ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
01:35
Okay, so back to the present tenses
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆœชๆฅใจ้ŽๅŽปใฎ็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใซๆˆปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
01:39
for the future and the past.
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ใ€‚
01:41
Now a lot of you already know
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅคšใใฏ
01:43
about how to use the present simple.
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็พๅœจๅฝขใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’ใ™ใงใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:46
Things like in the morning, I wake up at eight o'clock.
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ๆœใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ€ ็งใฏ8ๆ™‚ใซ็›ฎใŒ่ฆšใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:49
I then catch the bus, I go to work, and et cetera.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒใ‚นใซไน—ใ‚Šใ€ ไป•ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
01:53
We talk about it.
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:54
We use it to talk about our daily routine.
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็งใŸใกใฏๆ—ฅๅธธ็”Ÿๆดปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:57
And we use the present perfect
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ใใ—ใฆ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€
01:59
to talk about what is happening right now.
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ไปŠ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:02
For example, right now I am making this video for you.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ไปŠ็งใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:06
I am making this video for you.
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็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:09
But again, we can use present tenses
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—
02:13
to talk about the future and the past.
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ใฆๆœชๆฅใจ้ŽๅŽปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:16
And when we use it to talk about the past,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใจใใ€
02:17
it is very specific.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใงใ™.
02:20
But the present continuous
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—
02:22
to talk about the future is really common.
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ใ€ๆœชๆฅใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:25
And by the end of this lesson,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใงใซใ€
02:27
you're going to have a clear understanding
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02:30
on how to do this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™.
02:31
I'm gonna give you lots of examples.
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ไพ‹ใ‚’ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ๆŒ™ใ’ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:33
I'm going to give you the ability to practice as well.
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็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹่ƒฝๅŠ›ใ‚‚ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
02:37
Now I've made a couple of videos on these tenses before
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ไปŠใ€็งใฏไปฅๅ‰ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใซใคใ„ใฆใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
02:41
and I definitely recommend at the end of this lesson
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€็งใŒ่ฉฑใ—
02:44
checking out the one where I talk about will
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅผทใใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—
02:47
versus be going to versus the present continuous.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:51
And I also just want to say at this point,
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ใพใŸใ€ใ“ใฎๆ™‚็‚นใง่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใฏใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•่ฆๅ‰‡ใซใคใ„ใฆ
02:54
it's important to know that you should always be thinking
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ๅธธใซ่€ƒใˆใฆใŠใๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™
02:59
about grammar rules.
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.
03:00
And in fact, it's better if you try
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ใใ—ใฆๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใซใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ™ใ‚‹ใปใ†ใŒใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:03
and internalize these sentences.
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ใ€‚
03:05
So at the end of the lesson,
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€
03:07
I'm gonna talk about how you can do that as well.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆใ‚‚่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:10
Okay, present continuous and present simple future actions.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็ถ™็ถš็š„ใง ็พๅœจใฎๅ˜็ด”ใชๆœชๆฅใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใ‚’ๆ็คบใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ™ใงใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆ‰‹้…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ
03:16
We use the present continuous to talk about the future
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ใ€็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ— ใฆๆœชๆฅใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—
03:20
when we have already arranged something.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:23
So you can think about it
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰
03:25
in terms of what you write in your diary.
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ใ€ๆ—ฅ่จ˜ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใ‹ใจใ„ใ†่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:29
What you write in your diary.
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ๆ—ฅ่จ˜ใซๆ›ธใ„ใŸใ“ใจใ€‚
03:31
So you might have a diary for Saturday
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๆ—ฅ่จ˜ใซ
03:34
which says "Seven o'clock, go to the gym.
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ใ€Œ7 ๆ™‚ใซใ‚ธใƒ ใซ่กŒใ
03:38
"Three o'clock, play football.
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ใ€ใ€ใ€Œ3 ๆ™‚ใซใƒ•ใƒƒใƒˆใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€ใชใฉใฎๅ†…ๅฎนใŒๅซใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:40
"Nine o'clock, race, have a race.
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ใ€Œ9ๆ™‚ใ€ใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใ€ใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
03:45
"Be in a race."
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ใ€‚ใ€Œใƒฌใƒผใ‚นใซๅ‚ๅŠ ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ€
03:47
So you're very active,
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ้žๅธธใซๆดป็™บใงใ€
03:48
you're doing lots of sports and activities.
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ใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใฎ ใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใ‚„ๆดปๅ‹•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:51
What you can say is this.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ“ใ‚Œ
03:55
At seven o'clock, I'm going to the gym.
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ใงใ™.7ๆ™‚ใซใ€็งใฏ ใ€Œใ‚ธใƒ ใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
03:58
Then at two o'clock, I'm playing football.
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ 2 ๆ™‚ใซใƒ•ใƒƒใƒˆใƒœใƒผใƒซใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:02
And at nine o'clock, I'm running a race.
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ใใ—ใฆ 9 ๆ™‚ใซใƒฌใƒผใ‚น
04:04
We're using the present continuous here
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ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ€
04:07
to talk about future actions,
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ๅฐ†ๆฅใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:09
things that you have arranged.
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04:12
Sometimes with someone but not always.
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่ชฐใ‹ใจไธ€็ท’ใซใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅธธใซใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
04:15
Okay, so arrangement.
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ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผใ€ใใ†ใงใ™. ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธ.
04:17
And think about it in terms of what you put in your diary.
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ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆ—ฅ่จ˜ใซไฝ•ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใ‹ใจใ„ใ†่ฆณ็‚นใ‹ใ‚‰่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
04:21
So somebody might ask you "What are you doing tomorrow?"
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใซ ใ€Œๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹?ใ€ใจๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
04:25
Present continuous.
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. ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝข.
04:26
What are you doing tomorrow?
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ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹. ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ
04:28
You can say "Oh, I don't know yet.
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? ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใพใ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
04:30
"Oh, actually, I'm meeting a friend in the morning
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ€ๅฎŸใฏ ๅˆๅ‰ไธญใซๅ‹้”ใจไผšใฃใฆใ‚‹ใ‚“ใ 
04:34
"but the afternoon is open.
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ใ‘ใฉใ€ใงใ‚‚ๅˆๅพŒใฏ็ฉบใ„ใฆใพใ™ใ€‚
04:36
"What do you want to do?"
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"ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ"
04:38
So I'm meeting a friend in the morning,
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ๅˆๅ‰ไธญใซๅ‹้”ใจไผšใ†ใฎใงใ€
04:40
this has been arranged.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ‰‹้…ๆธˆใฟใงใ™ใ€‚
04:42
You're meeting at a specific location
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅ ดๆ‰€
04:45
and also you're meeting at a specific time.
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ใง ไผšใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใพใŸ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใซไผšใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
04:49
Now let's just compare that really quickly to going to,
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04:54
because these two are often confused
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ 2 ใคใฏๆททๅŒใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅคšใ
04:57
and sometimes you can just use either one,
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ใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ไธ€ๆ–นใ ใ‘ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€
04:59
they're quite flexible.
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้žๅธธใซๆŸ”่ปŸใงใ™ใ€‚
05:03
You can say this.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:04
"What are you doing tomorrow?"
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ใ€Œๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฏไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€
05:06
"Oh, I'm going to do some housework tomorrow.
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ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅๅฎถไบ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Šใงใ™ ใ€‚
05:11
"In the morning, we're going to go for a walk."
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ใ€ใ€Œๆœ ใ€ๆ•ฃๆญฉใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
05:15
Now there's a slight difference here
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ไปŠใ€ใ“ใ“ใงๅฐ‘ใ—้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:17
because I'm going to do some housework,
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ๅฎถไบ‹ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹
05:19
I'm going to go for a walk,
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ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆ•ฃๆญฉใซ่กŒใใชใ•ใ„ใ€
05:21
this hasn't really been arranged.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ่จˆ็”ปใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“
05:24
It's your intention to do it
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.ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใคใ‚‚ใ‚Š
05:26
but you haven't set a specific time to do it.
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ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’่จญๅฎšใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“.็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ
05:29
You're not meeting somebody to do this at a specific time.
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่ชฐใ‹ใซไผšใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ .
05:34
I'm going to go for a walk in the morning.
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็งใฏ่กŒใใพใ™. ๆœใฎๆ•ฃๆญฉใซ่กŒใ.
05:36
It's your intention, it's your plan,
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎๆ„ๅ›ณใงใ™, ใใ‚Œใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่จˆ็”ปใงใ™,
05:38
but there's no specific arrangement.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใชๅ–ใ‚Šๆฑบใ‚ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
05:40
Compare that to "I'm meeting my friend
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ€Œใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใ‚ฟใ‚ฆใƒณใฎ10ๆ™‚ใซๅ‹้”ใซไผšใ†ใ€ใจๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
05:43
"at 10 o'clock downtown."
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.
05:46
That has a specific arrangement,
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ใใ‚Œใฏ็‰นๅฎšใฎ้…็ฝฎใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
05:49
so there is a slight difference there.
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ใฎใงใ€ใใ“ใซใฏใ‚ใšใ‹ใช้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
05:51
But sometimes you can use either
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅ ดๅˆใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆใฏใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‹ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃ
05:53
to more or less talk about the same thing.
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ใฆๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆๅคšใ‹ใ‚Œๅฐ‘ใชใ‹ใ‚Œ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:57
Definitely check out that video
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ๅ‚่€ƒใซใชใ‚‹ๅ‹•็”ปใชใฎใงใœใฒใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใฟ
05:58
because it's gonna help you.
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
05:59
In fact, I'll leave a link up here now.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ไปŠใ“ใ“ใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:02
The present simple to talk about the future
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ๆœชๆฅใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใฎใฏ็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใŒใ€็พๅœจ
06:04
is a lot more specific, okay?
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ใฏใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
06:07
So we use this in a more specific way.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:11
This isn't an arrangement
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ–ใ‚Šๆฑบใ‚ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
06:13
but when something is on a timetable, okay.
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ใŒใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ไบˆๅฎšใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆ ใฏๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚
06:15
So you might think it's similar to the present continuous
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ใ€็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใจไผผใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œ
06:19
but there is a difference.
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€้•ใ„ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
06:21
For example, I can say "The movie starts at seven o'clock,
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ ๆ˜ ็”ปใฏ 7 ๆ™‚ใซๅง‹ใพใ‚‹
06:25
"so let's get there at 6:30."
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ใฎใงใ€6 ๆ™‚ 30 ๅˆ†ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:28
The movie starts at seven o'clock.
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ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๆ˜ ็”ปใฏ 7 ๆ™‚ใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™
06:31
This is something that is on a timetable.
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ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆ™‚ๅˆป่กจใซใ‚ใ‚‹
06:35
It's something that you cannot change.
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ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚ใงใใชใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
06:38
You can't call the cinema
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ๆ˜ ็”ป้คจใซ้›ป่ฉฑใ—ใฆ
06:39
and say "Is it okay if you start the movie at 7:30
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ใ€Œๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰7ๆ™‚ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใใฆ7 ๆ™‚30ๅˆ†ใซๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„
06:44
"instead of seven o'clock because I'm busy?"
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ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใฏใ„ใ‘ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:47
You can't do that.
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ใใ‚“ใชใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:48
And that's a good way to think about when to use this.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ„ใคใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใ‚‹่‰ฏใ„ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
06:52
And again, at the end of the lesson,
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซใ€ใƒซใƒผใƒซใ‚’่€ƒใˆใšใซ
06:54
I'm going to give you a great method you can use
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06:57
so that you can just use these naturally
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่‡ช็„ถใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’
07:00
without thinking about rules.
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็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:02
But some more examples are
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใฏใ€
07:05
"We leave tomorrow at seven o'clock."
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ใ€Œๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฏ 7 ๆ™‚ใซๅ‡บ็™บใ—ใพใ™ใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:08
Because we're taking a train.
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็งใŸใกใฏ้›ป่ปŠใซไน—ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:10
The train leaves at seven o'clock tomorrow.
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้›ป่ปŠใฏ ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ7ๆ™‚ใซๅ‡บ็™บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:12
We leave at seven o'clock tomorrow.
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ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฏ7ๆ™‚ใซๅ‡บ็™บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:15
We can also say we're leaving at seven o'clock tomorrow
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ๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฎ7ๆ™‚ใซๅ‡บ็™บใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
07:18
but to be more specific,
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ใŒใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅ…ทไฝ“็š„
07:20
you say "We leave at seven o'clock tomorrow.
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ใซ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ€Œๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฎ7ๆ™‚ใซๅ‡บ็™บใ—ใพใ™
07:22
"We fly at four o'clock.
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ใ€‚4ๆ™‚ใซ้ฃ›ใณใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
07:24
"The English lesson starts at four.
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ใ€Œ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฏ 4 ๆ™‚ใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:27
"The cafe opens at seven tomorrow morning."
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ใ€Œใ‚ซใƒ•ใ‚งใฏๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใฎๆœ 7 ๆ™‚ใซ้–‹ใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€ใ“ใฎ
07:31
So that's how we use the present simple
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซ็พๅœจๅฝขใ‚’็ฐกๅ˜ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚็‰นใซ็†่งฃใฎใŸใ‚ใซ
07:34
to talk about future actions.
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07:37
And it's good to know this, especially for comprehension.
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ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใใจใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
07:40
You might not want to use it
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ไฝฟใ„ใŸใใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:41
for those specific examples and use something else instead,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎไพ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆใฏ ใ€ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซไฝ•ใ‹ไป–ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ
07:45
but it's more accurate when you do.
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ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ†ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ‚ˆใ‚Šๆญฃ็ขบใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™. ใใ†ใฏ
07:48
Having said that, it's just good to know
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่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€
07:50
so you can understand TV shows
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ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใ‚„ไบบใ€…ใŒ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ‚’็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใใจใ‚ˆใ„
07:53
and when people speak.
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.
07:54
Okay, so that's how we use the present simple
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07:57
and present continuous for future actions,
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ๅฐ†ๆฅใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใฎใŸใ‚ใซ็ถ™็ถš็š„ใงใ™
08:00
but we can also use it in the past or for the past.
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ใŒ ใ€้ŽๅŽปใพใŸใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™
08:05
And this is quite specific now
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. ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใงใฏ้žๅธธใซๅ…ทไฝ“็š„
08:09
and I'm going to give you an example
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08:12
of when I found, how much was it?
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ใงใ™. ็งใŒ่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใŸใจใใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†. ใใ‚Œใฏใ„ใใ‚‰ใงใ—ใŸใ‹.
08:16
I think 100, maybe 250 pounds in a wallet when I was 10.
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100ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™. 10 ๆญณใฎใจใ ่ฒกๅธƒใซ 250 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
08:22
We all go to the beach and I am looking for crabs,
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ใฟใ‚“ใชใงใƒ“ใƒผใƒใซ่กŒใฃใฆ ใ‚ซใƒ‹ใ‚’ๆŽขใ—
08:28
so I have this bucket and I have a spade
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ใพใ™ ใ“ใฎใƒใ‚ฑใƒ„ใจ้‹ค
08:30
and I'm trying to find crabs.
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ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ ใ‚ซใƒ‹ใ‚’ๆŽขใ—
08:34
And I see something in a pool of water at the beach.
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ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ ๆตœ่พบใงๆฐดใซๆตธใ‹ใฃใฆ
08:38
So I go into the water
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08:41
and I dig out what I think is a crab
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ใ€ใ‚ซใƒ‹ใจๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ๆŽ˜ใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—
08:44
and I put it into the bucket.
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ใฆใƒใ‚ฑใƒ„ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ™
08:47
And it wasn't a crab, it was a wallet.
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ซใƒ‹ใ˜ใ‚ƒใชใใฆ่ฒกๅธƒใ ใฃใŸ
08:50
So I find this wallet and I look inside the wallet
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ“ใฎ่ฒกๅธƒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆใ€่ฒกๅธƒใฎ ไธญใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹
08:53
and it has 250 pounds inside it.
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ใจใ€ไธญใซใฏ 250 ใƒใƒณใƒ‰ๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:57
As you probably noticed,
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ใŠๆฐ—ใฅใใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
08:58
I used the present simple and the present continuous
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็งใฏ็พๅœจๅฝขใจ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ
09:01
to talk about a story that happened in the past.
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ใ€้ŽๅŽปใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:05
And this is called the historical present.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆญดๅฒ็š„็พๅœจใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
09:08
It's when we talk about something or tell a story
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ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใ‚’ไผใˆใŸใ‚Šใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ
09:14
that we want to make more alive,
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ใ€
09:17
we want to make it more vivid and engaging.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Š็”Ÿใ็”Ÿใใจใ•ใ›ใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š้ฎฎใ‚„ใ‹ใง้ญ…ๅŠ›็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:21
And we can do that by using the present simple.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’่กŒใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ้ŽๅŽปใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซ
09:24
Now it's not always used
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ใ„ใคใ‚‚ไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
09:28
when people talk about stories in the past,
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09:30
but I'm going to leave you a really good example
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09:34
of when somebody used this in a very popular TV show.
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ใŒใ€้žๅธธใซไบบๆฐ—ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใง่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸ่‰ฏใ„ไพ‹ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:38
So there's a video I want you to watch.
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ใใ“ใงใ€่ฆ‹ใฆใปใ—ใ„ๅ‹•็”ปใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
09:40
It's about a minute long
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้•ทใ•ใฏ็ด„1ๅˆ†ใง
09:42
and it's Chandler from "Friends" telling a story
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ใ€ ใ€Œใƒ•ใƒฌใƒณใ‚บใ€ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒ‰ใƒฉใƒผ
09:45
using the present simple and present continuous.
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ใŒ็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๅฝข ใจ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆ็‰ฉ่ชžใ‚’่ชžใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:51
And you'll notice a lot of the time
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ใใ—ใฆ
09:52
when people use this, it's when they want attention.
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ใ€ไบบใ€…ใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ๆณจ็›ฎใ‚’้›†ใ‚ใŸใ„ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
09:55
They want to tell a story that's funny
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้ข็™ฝใ„ใ€้•ใ†ใ€้ข็™ฝใ„่ฉฑใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
09:57
or different or interesting.
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ใ€‚ ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฎๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹
10:00
You don't use it just to say what happened yesterday.
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ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใŸใ‚ใ ใ‘ใซไฝฟใ†ใฎใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
10:04
Like if somebody says "How was your day yesterday?"
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่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฏใฉใ†ใ ใฃใŸ๏ผŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฎใ‚ˆใ† ใซใ€‚
10:06
So I wake up in the morning at nine o'clock.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ๆœใฏไนๆ™‚ใซ่ตทใใพใ™ใ€‚
10:09
I then have breakfast
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ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๆœ้ฃŸ
10:11
and then I smell my coffee and I drink my coffee.
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ใ‚’ใจใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใฎๅŒ‚ใ„ใ‚’ๅ—…ใŽ ใ€ใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใ‚’้ฃฒใฟใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆ—ฅๅธธใฎ็Šถๆณใ‚„ๆ˜จๆ—ฅใฎๅ‡บๆฅไบ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ
10:15
You don't use it just to talk about everyday situations
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่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใ ใ‘ใซไฝฟใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
10:18
and something that happened yesterday.
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ใ€‚
10:21
Instead, we use it to tell a story
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ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใ‚’ไผใˆใ€
10:24
and to make that story interesting and engaging.
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ใใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒผใƒชใƒผใ‚’ ้ข็™ฝใ้ญ…ๅŠ›็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:28
And my advice to you is, again, don't force this.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใธใฎ็งใฎใ‚ขใƒ‰ใƒใ‚คใ‚นใฏใ€็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๅผทๅˆถใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„.
10:32
Don't use this in everyday life.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ—ฅๅธธ็”Ÿๆดปใงไฝฟ็”จใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:35
Don't think that this is advanced English.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒไธŠ็ดš่‹ฑ่ชžใ ใจๆ€ใ‚ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
10:37
Instead, be aware that this happens
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ไปฃใ‚ใ‚Šใซใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆ
10:41
and then when you watch TV shows,
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“
10:44
when you watch movies, and people start talking
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็•ช็ต„ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚Šใ€ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚Š ใ€ไบบใ€…
10:47
in the present about a story in the past,
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ใŒ้ŽๅŽปใฎ่ฉฑใ‚’็พๅœจ่ฉฑใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใ‚Šใ—
10:49
it won't confuse you as much.
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ใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใปใฉๆททไนฑใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
10:51
Okay, so that is how to use the present tenses
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ ็พๅœจๆ™‚ๅˆถ
10:55
to talk about the future and the past.
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ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆๆœชๆฅใจ้ŽๅŽปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:57
And just in summary, the present continuous
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่ฆ็ด„ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ๆœชๆฅ ใฎ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝข
11:00
for the future is used a lot.
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ใฏใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
11:02
We use this every day, we use this every day.
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็งใŸใกใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆฏŽๆ—ฅไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ ๆฏŽๆ—ฅใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:06
We're going to a fantastic restaurant tonight.
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ไปŠๅคœใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใƒฉใƒณใซ่กŒใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:09
I'm playing football tomorrow, et cetera.
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็งใฏๆ˜Žๆ—ฅใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:11
We use this a lot for arrangements.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ‚ขใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:14
But the present simple for the future,
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ใงใ‚‚ใ€ไปŠใฏใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใซๆœชๆฅใซๅ‘ใ‘ใฆ
11:17
the cafe opens at seven o'clock tomorrow.
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ใ€ใ‚ซใƒ•ใ‚งใฏๆ˜Žๆ—ฅ7ๆ™‚ใซใ‚ชใƒผใƒ—ใƒณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:20
That one isn't as common but it's good to know.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใใ‚Œใปใฉไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใใจใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
11:24
And then the present simple
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ใใ—ใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปใซใคใ„ใฆใฎ่ฉฑ
11:25
and present continuous to tell stories about the past.
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ใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ็พๅœจๅฝขใจ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝข ใงใ™ใ€‚
11:29
Again, that's nowhere near as common
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œ
11:31
as those about talking about the future,
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ใฏๆœชๆฅใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใปใฉไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใง
11:34
but it's good to know
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11:35
for when you watch TV shows and movies.
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ใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใƒ†ใƒฌใƒ“็•ช็ต„ใ‚„ๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใใฏ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใใจใ‚ˆใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†.
11:37
Now if you want to be able
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11:38
to internalize these types of tenses
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒ—ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ๅ†…้ข
11:41
and to also know when to use them at the right time,
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ๅŒ–ใ—ใ€้ฉๅˆ‡ใชใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒŸใƒณใ‚ฐใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ใ„ใคไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚ŠใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
11:44
then learn, find sentences used in context.
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ใฏใ€ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใคใ‘ใฆๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
11:49
Context is so important.
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ใ‚ณใƒณใƒ†ใ‚ญใ‚นใƒˆใฏใจใฆใ‚‚้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
11:51
Then copy the sentences into flashcard software,
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ๆฌกใซใ€ๆ–‡็ซ  ใ‚’ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ ใ‚ฝใƒ•ใƒˆใ‚ฆใ‚งใ‚ขใซใ‚ณใƒ”ใƒผใ—ใฆ
11:56
and then go through these flashcards.
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ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใซ็›ฎใ‚’้€šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:59
And that way, you're going to get the repetition you need
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œ ใฐใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใช็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใŒๅพ—ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹
12:01
so that you can use these tenses freely
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ใฎใงใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•่ฆๅ‰‡ใ‚’่€ƒใˆใšใซใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’่‡ช็”ฑใซไฝฟ็”จใงใ
12:05
and without thinking about grammar rules.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:08
Now to learn more about that method,
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ใใฎๆ–นๆณ•ใฎ่ฉณ็ดฐใซใคใ„ใฆ
12:10
click the link in the description.
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ใฏใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:11
And it's also going to take you to a page
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ใพใŸ
12:14
where you can get access to the To Fluency program
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ใ€To Fluency ใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚น
12:17
so that you can download over 1,000 flashcard sentences
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ใงใใ‚‹ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใ€้Ÿณๅฃฐไป˜ใใฎ 1,000 ใ‚’่ถ…ใˆใ‚‹ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ซใƒผใƒ‰ใฎๆ–‡็ซ 
12:22
with audio and also get access
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ใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—
12:24
to the fantastic pronunciation tutorial.
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ใŸใ‚Šใ€ใ™ใฐใ‚‰ใ—ใ„็™บ้Ÿณใฎใƒใƒฅใƒผใƒˆใƒชใ‚ขใƒซใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใŸใ‚Šใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
12:27
So click the link in the description
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่ฉณ็ดฐใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—
12:29
to learn more about that.
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:31
And if you're new here, then subscribe
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใ“ใซๅˆใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€่ณผ่ชญ
12:34
and leave me a comment saying hi.
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ใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
12:36
And I welcome you to the channel.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
12:38
Now to practice as well,
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ๅŒๆง˜ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹
12:40
leave me some examples of the present continuous
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12:43
and present simple for future actions.
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ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใฎใŸใ‚ใซ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใจ็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ๅฝขใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๆฎ‹ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„.
12:45
And if you want to, tell me a story
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ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚ˆใ‚ใ—ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐ
12:48
using the present simple and the present continuous.
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ใ€็พๅœจๅฝขใจ็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใŸ่ฉฑใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
12:51
So practice that one too.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใ‚‚็ทด็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
12:54
Okay, thank you so much for watching.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€ใ”่ฆงใ„ใŸใ ใใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:55
If you found this lesson useful,
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฃใŸ
12:57
then please share it with your friends.
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ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅ‹้”ใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
13:00
And I'll see you in the next lesson.
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ใพใŸใ€ๆฌกใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
13:01
Bye-bye.
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ใ•ใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€‚
13:02
(upbeat music)
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(ๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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