Kate Lister: An honest history of an ancient and "nasty" word | TED

Transcriber:

翻译人员: 新 陈 校对人员: Yip Yan Yeung

[本演讲内含直白词汇， 请谨慎观看]

首先，提醒大家一下：

考虑到本次演讲中 脏话的冒犯程度，

大家最好做好准备，

接下来的内容会很直白。

我要和你们讲的是

First, a warning.

一个很特别、

As far as offensive words go, you are now entering a hard-hat area.

很有冲击性、很脏的一个词。

We're going to be unabashed in this,

这个词至今仍然具有很强的冒犯性，

I am talking to you about a very particular word,

本次活动的赞助方要求 幻灯片上出现这个词时

a very powerful word,

必须进行“打码”，

a very "see you next Tuesday" word.

否则就不让我谈论这个词。

（笑声）

这更证明了我之前所说的，不是吗？

A word that is still so offensive

that the funders of this event would only let me talk about it

我爱这个词。

哦，天啊，我爱这个词的全部。

if we censored it on the slides,

我不仅爱这个词的意思，

(Laughter)

我还爱它的发音。

which rather proves my point, don't you think?

I love this word.

“嗯”音夹在字母 C 和字母 T 中间，

Oh, my God, I love everything about this word,

形成这个单音节词。

not just what it signifies,

你可以像吐出一颗子弹 一样说出这个词，

but the actual sound of it,

也可以拖个长音， 让它在口腔里慢慢转动：

the fact that the C and the T just cushion that "nnn" sound

“科啊啊啊嗯特”（cuuunt）。

into this monosyllabic

我爱这个词的灵巧。

that you can just spit like a bullet

我爱这个词在英格兰和 在美国拥有的不同含义。

or you can extend it out and roll it round your mouth,

它在苏格兰是爱称， 在美国，却极具侮辱性。

"cuuunt."

我爱这个词在对朋友和老板

I love its dexterity.

两种不同对象使用时的语义变化，

如果你对老板说这个词，

I love the fact that in Scotland it’s a term of endearment,

你很可能会被解雇。

我奉劝你别这么做。

but in America it's horrendously offensive.

我爱这个词语。

（笑声）

I love it means something different with your friends

我爱这个词的头三个字母，

than it does if you said it to your boss,

长得像酒杯一样，

it would probably cost you your job.

向前滚动，

I do not recommend it.

停在爆发音 T 前 。

I love this word.

(Laughter)

我想我爱这个词的最大理由是

I love the fact that the first three letters

它是脏词之最。

are still the same chalice shape,

all rolling through the word until they're stopped in that plosive T

即使现在它的地位有所动摇。

at the end.

因为有其他令人瞩目的重量级选手

I think the thing that I love most about it

来和它竞争“脏词之最”这个称号。

is its status as the nastiest of all the nasty words.

比如以 N 开头的那个词（黑*）。

Although that title is under some contention now.

但我想说的是，

我知道这个词为什么很冒犯人。

There are other obvious heavyweight contenders

这个词在历史上，

for the most offensive word.

助长了

一场针对一整个群体的 残酷暴行和种族灭绝活动。

The N-word, for example.

But here's what I would say to you.

I know why that word is offensive.

黑人不被当人对待，它难辞其咎。

I can look at the history,

that word enabled the brutalization and racial genocide

但 “cunt（阴部）” 这个词有什么错呢？

（笑声）

一个仅是指外阴的词，

of an entire group of people.

其冒犯程度

It played its part in dehumanizing Black people.

就已经和那个 N 开头的词比肩，

没有人觉得这件事很奇怪吗？

What did "cunt" do?

(Laughter)

Does it not strike anyone else as odd

难道是说说外阴太冒犯人了吗？

that a word that just means the vulva

当然不是。

could even be regarded in the same league of offense

但我今天想和大家谈论的是， 事情为什么会发展到这个地步呢？

as the N-word?

这个词是一直以来都是脏话吗？

Are we saying that vulvas are that offensive?

它怎么就成了一个冒犯性的词呢？

答案是不， 这个词并非一开始就是脏话。

Surely not.

But what I want to talk to you today about is how did we get here?

我们首先来看看这个词的 历史发展轨迹吧。

“Cunt（阴部）”这个词 到”底“从何而来？

Has it always been this offensive

（笑声）

and how did it come to be so?

这个词是众多 历史悠久的词汇中的一个，

The answer is no, it was not.

连词源学家和语言学家 也无法追溯到它的源头。

But let's look at the history of it first of all.

Where in the cunt does "cunt" come from?

这个词是已知的指代外阴的 英语词汇中最古老的一个词，

(Laughter)

甚至有可能称得上是世界范围内 已知的指代外阴的词汇最古老的。

It's one of those words that's so old,

有些观点认为，

etymologists and linguists, they lose sight of it eventually.

欧洲广泛使用的日耳曼语中 也存在相似的说法。

It's the oldest word for the vulva that we have in the English language.

维京人会说 “kuntas”，

It might even be the oldest in the world.

德国人说 “kuntō”，

There are some theories.

这个词在荷兰语里是 “kont”， 在日耳曼语里则是”kott”。

There are also similar cognitions in Germanic languages all across Europe.

我觉得我们也曾 一度使用“kott”一词，

而且我认为这个词 应该恢复它原有的地位。

在这之外，人们就不大清楚 这个词的实际所指了。

The Vikings would be talking about "kuntas,"

the Germans had “kuntō,”

Dutch, “kont,” Germanic “kott,”

其中一种主流说法是，

and I think at one point we had "kott,"

这个词有着发“gen” 声的 原始印欧语词根，

which I think may be due for a revival.

After that, it gets a bit confusing as to what this word actually means.

“genetics（遗传学）” 和 “gene（基因）” 也有这个词根，

这个词根意思是“创造”。

One of the leading theories is that it shares this root,

另一种说法是

this Proto-Indo-European root with this “gen” sound,

这个词来源于 发“gune” 这个音的词根，

衍生出的词语和“女性”相关，

如“妇科（gynecology）” 、“创造 （create）”、“女人（woman）”。

which you also see in "genetics," "gene,"

and that means "to create."

但真正令语言学家着迷的 是这个 “cuu（科呜呜）” 音，

Another theory is that it comes from this sound, "gune,"

因为出自这个音的不仅有 “cunt”一词，还有 “cunning”。

which gives us “woman,” gynecology.

"Create," "woman."

“Cunning” 起初不是指 “狡猾的”。

But what really fascinates linguists is this sound, the “cuu” sound,

它起初的意思是“知道”。

”cunning”的人，“cunning”的女人， 就是说人家聪明。

because that gave us "cunt" also it gave us "cunning."

现在苏格兰还沿用这个说法， 如果你“ken”什么，

意思就是你“知道”什么。

"Cunning" originally didn't mean "sneaky."

“我知道（ken）这个”。

It meant you knew something.

出自“cuu（科呜呜）” 这个音的单词 还有“女皇（queen）”、“母牛”（cow），

Cunning folk, cunning women were wise women.

听上去有点怪怪的， 不那么高雅，但是——

And in Scotland still today, if you can something,

it means you know something.

这个 “cuu（科呜呜）”音 在中世纪时 又出现在了 “quaint” 里面，

“I ken this.”

It also gave us "queen" and "cow,"

slightly bizarre, which is slightly less highbrow, but --

“quaint” 意思是 “知识”， 但也有 “cunt（阴部）” 的意思。

它还有一个拉丁变体，

“cunnis”，与 “cunt” 同义，

It turns up again in the Middle Ages in "quaint,"

在古罗马境内广泛使用，

在庞贝古城的涂鸦里有它的足迹。

which means "knowledge" and also means "cunt."

有一些我很喜欢的 庞贝古城的罗马语涂鸦，

It has a Latin variation as well,

"cunnis," which also means "cunt,"

我就不读拉丁原文了， 这话翻译过来就是：

which turns up all over the Roman world,

“茂密的丛林比光滑的平地更好。”

including in graffiti in Pompeii.

（笑声）

Some of my favorite Roman graffiti from the city of Pompeii

“它想要，它在遇热时坚挺。”

（笑声）

I won't try and do the Latin, but it's translated to be

就是这些。

然而，我想说的是， “cunt” 这个词

"A hairy cunt is better fucked than a smooth one."

虽然现在看来可能是脏话，

(Laughter)

"It wants cock and holds in steam."

但它的原始词根 表示的是“女性”、“知识”

“创造”，“母牛”。

(Laughter)

There you go.

However, I put it to you that the word "cunt,"

这个词一直都是脏话吗？

as offensive as it may be today,

不是。

stems from a root that means "woman," "knowledge,"

但我们后面会谈到这一方面。

当我们说“vulva（外阴）” 和“vagina（阴道）”时，

"create," "cow."

我们试图去用这两个词替代 “cunt（阴部）”，这样听起来好听一些。

Has it always been this offensive?

No.

“vagina（阴道）”一词 出现在十七世纪。

直接取自拉丁语， 意思是“剑鞘”。

But we'll talk about this.

So when we talk about these words, "vulva," "vagina,"

也就是剑插入的地方。

trying to offer more palatable alternatives to "cunt,"

”Vulva（女阴）”这个词 也好不到哪儿去。

"vagina," the word turns up in the 17th century.

这个词在 14 世纪出现， 意思是“子宫”，

It's taken directly from Latin and it means a scabbard.

但是有的人认为它源于法语， 意思是“包装纸”。

根本上来说，

It means something that a sword goes into.

这两个词的含义和意义 都大致源自阴茎。

"Vulva" doesn't do much better.

阴道的属性就是这样，

That appears in the 14th century, and it means "womb,"

剑插入的地方。

but some people suggest it comes from the French and means "wrapper."

但我认为这些词汇不像“cunt” 那样具有女权主义色彩，

Both these words derive their meaning and their import

而“cunt”一词来源于表示 “女王”，“创造”，“智慧”，“奶牛”的词根。

from the penis, basically.

That's what a vagina is.

It's something a sword goes into.

但是什么时候这个词在英语中

I say that these words aren't as feminist as "cunt,"

开始像现在这样具有冒犯性了呢？

荡妇巷（Gropecunte Lane），

which comes from a word that means "queen," "create," "wisdom," "cow."

是第一个被牛津英语词典收录的 关于“cunt”的事例，

出现于 1230 年，

当时伦敦有条街道的名字 叫做Gropecunte Lane，

But when did it first start being used in English

as we recognize it today?

就是它听上去的意思，荡妇巷。

那儿是萨瑟克区（Southwark）的红灯区，

Gropecunte Lane, this is the first recorded incident

娼妓们在那条巷子里招徕客人。

in the Oxford English Dictionary,

不仅伦敦有叫这个名字的巷子， 布里斯托尔（Bristol）也有，

it turns up in 1230,

约克（York）也有。

a street name in London called Gropecunte Lane,

不列颠群岛到处都有。

which was exactly what it sounds like,

这是布里斯托尔的那个。

this was in the red-light district of Southwark,

不好意思，这是牛津的那个， 就是蓝色的那个。

it was a lane for groping cunts.

虽然格拉斯哥人彼此之间、朋友之间 可能会互相叫“cunts”,

And there wasn't just one in London, there was one in Bristol,

中世纪的人这么叫自己的孩子 还是显得十分奇怪，

there was one in York.

It appears all over the British Isles.

当时许多人的名字中就有这个词。

Here it is, the one in Bristol.

Sorry, Oxford, there it is just in blue.

高德温·克劳坎特（Godwin Clawecunte） 这个名字出现在 1066 年的记录中，

But whereas Glaswegians might be calling each other and their friends "cunts,"

加诺卡·坎特尔斯（Gunoka Cuntles） 这个名字出现在 1219 年，

it seems that medieval people were calling their children "cunts"

约翰·菲尔坎特（John Fillecunt） 这个名字出现在 1246 年，

because it turns up in a number of names, bizarrely enough.

罗伯特·克利夫坎特（Robert Clevecunt） 这个名字出现在 1302 年，

Godwin Clawecunte is recorded in 1066,

还有一位小姐叫贝尔·怀德坎特 （Bele Wydecunthe），

她是诺福克（Norfolk）的一个 稍稍有点影响力的角色。

Gunoka Cuntles in 1219,

我们不知道这些名字 是别名还是诨名，

John Fillecunt in 1246,

但是中世纪的名字 确实给我们带来许多乐趣，

Robert Clevecunt, 1302,

实际上，“fuck”这个词 并没有它如今的含义。

and a Miss Bele Wydecunthe turns up in the Norfolk subsidiary role.

它原本表示的是猛力击打某物。

因而 1290 年的一个奶农 有这样一个绝妙的名字：

We don't know if these are aliases or if they're jokes,

西蒙·发克巴特尔（姓音同“打黄油”） （Simon Fuckebotere）

but we do have a lot of fun with medieval names.

（笑声）

In fact, originally the word "fuck" did not mean what it means today.

这个词对于中世纪的人来说 是个冒犯性的词吗？

It means to strike something to hit,

不是。

整个中世纪的文化和文学中 “cunt（阴部）”一词随处可见。

which gives us the fabulous name of a dairy farmer in 1290

who’s known as Simon Fuckebotere.

这个词并不那么冒犯人， 只是一个描述性的词。

(Laughter)

下面举几个例子。

So was it this offensive to medieval people?

1325 年的《亨丁谚语》 （Proverbs of Hendyng），

No, it wasn't.

建议女人们“知道 在什么时候交出自己的阴道，

"Cunts" turn up all over medieval culture and medieval literature.

在这之后提出自己的要求”，

也就是说，在将自己的阴道 完全交付出去之前，先弄到一个戒指。

And they are certainly not offensive, it's just a descriptive term.

Here's some examples.

15 世纪有个叫做郭芙尔·麦茜 （Gwerful Mechain）的威尔士女诗人，

The "Proverbs of Hendyng" from 1325

advises women to "give your cunt cunningly

她提议男诗人们

赞颂阴道部位那层拍打着 以示欢迎的精致闪亮帘幕，

and make your demands later,"

i.e. get a ring on it first before you give it up.

中世纪文化对“阴部”这样包容， 让人很惊讶，

There's a Welsh poet called Gwerful Mechain from the 15th century,

但事实是，

中世纪的人在性方面 比我们所认为的要更加开放。

and she advises male poets to celebrate the fine bright curtain

至于他们穿着贞操带 住在塔中这个说法，

of a cunt that flaps in place of greeting.

则基本是维多利亚时代的人

It might surprise us that medieval culture was this open about cunts,

对他们的诋毁。

当然，中世纪社会 并非性解放的乌托邦。

but the truth was, they were more sexually liberated

他们也有很多困扰，

than we actually give them credit for.

但是他们并不会因为性方面的事 而感到被深深冒犯。

This idea of them being in a tower with a chastity belt on

在中世纪，会给你带来麻烦的是

is largely a hatchet job on their reputation

涉及宗教的、亵渎性的脏话。

done by the Victorians.

如果某个男性的生殖器 夹在了裤裆口，

Now, it wasn't a sexually liberated utopia.

他会说”该死的”或者”天杀的”。

They had their own hang-ups,

but they weren't that offended by sex.

What will get you in trouble, swearwords in the Middle Ages,

有一位中世纪诗人，

以军事无人机那样的精准打击度 投下了一枚钴壳原子弹，

was religious ones, blasphemous ones.

这个人就是杰弗里·乔叟 （Geoffery Chaucer），

If you said something like, "God's wounds" or "God's teeth,"

他出现在普通中等教育 证书考试（GCSE）

that’s what you’d say if you caught your soft and danglies in your fly.

和普通高级教育证书考试 （A-level）的考试大纲中，

尽管大纲一般不会详细讨论 他有关阴部的玩笑之作。

One medieval poet who dropped the C-bomb with the precision of a military drone

在他的玩笑中，他没有使用 “cunt（阴部 ）”这个词。

他用的是 “queynte ” 这个词，在这里，

is this chap, Geoffrey Chaucer,

有 “知识”的意思， 也有”阴部“的意思。

who turns up in GCSEs and A-levels syllabuses,

下面是他的玩笑之作。

“As the clerkes ben

although his cunt jokes are generally not dwelled upon.

ful subtile and ful queynte,

And prively

he caughte hire by the queynte.”

He doesn't use the word "cunt," he uses the word "queynte" here,

粗略的翻译是“教士的确聪明，

他抓住了她的阴部 （cunt，音同’知识’）。”

which again means "knowledge" and it means "cunt."

有迹象表明，

So this is his joke,

莎士比亚在《莎士比亚 十四行诗集》（其二十）中，

“As the clerkes ben ful subtile and ful queynte,

玩了同样的文字游戏，

“熟悉”（acquaint）， 音同“一个知识/阴部”，也作“一个阴部”。

And prively he caughte hire by the queynte.”

A rough translation means "the clerk was really cunning

and he caught her by the cunt."

幻灯片上的就是莎士比亚。

当然它出现在他的很多作品中。

Shakespeare.

It's been suggestion that he uses that play,

这些作品和他那些收到赞誉的作品 相比起来显得粗鲁得多。

a quaint - queynte - cunt,

《哈姆莱特》的第三幕，第二场中，

in his Sonnet number 20.

哈姆莱特对奥菲利娅说，

“我可以躺在你的怀里吗？”

Here he is.

奥菲利娅说，“不，殿下。”

It certainly turns up in a lot of his work.

哈姆莱特说， “你以为我说的是下流的东西吗？”

演员大卫·田纳特（David Tennant） 演绎那一部分时，他顿了一下，

It's a lot ruder than we often give him credit for.

In Hamlet,

“你认为我说的下——流的东西吗？”

act three, scene two, Hamlet says to Ophelia, he says,

他试着将那一部分明显地演绎出来， 他也确实做到了。

"Shall I lie in your lap?"

莎翁的另一部戏剧，《第十二夜》。

And she says, "Oh, no, my Lord."

马伏里奥这样谈及他的情人的笔迹，

And then he says, "Do you think I meant country matters?"

那是她的C，U和T （此处化用CUNT），

When David Tennant played that part, he paused

这样就完成了大写的P （此处化用Piss)，

"Do you think I meant count-ry matters?"

这儿他同时用了两个双关，

一个是“阴部”， 另一个是”小便”。

to try and really drive it home.

在文学的外衣下，

Another one, "Twelfth Night,"

掩盖的是这个不朽诗人的另一重身份—— 兜售色情作品的小贩。

Malvolio says of his mistress's handwriting,

“There be her Cs, her Us, her Ts and thus she makes the very great Ps,”

1807 年，托马斯·鲍德勒（Thomas Bowdler） 出版了《家庭版莎士比亚集》，

punning on "cunt" and "piss" simultaneously.

他删去了所有原文中诸如此类的玩笑之作， 所有粗俗的部分，

The immortal Bard's status as a smut peddler

经过删节后，书中完全找不到 与“cunt（阴部）”相关的描写了。

is often swept under the cultural rug.

毫无疑问，

In 1807, Thomas Bowdler published "The Family Shakespeare,"

因为这个时期清教主义兴起，

英国颁布了以前没有的诽谤法，

开始禁止发行煽动性 和冒犯性的小册子。

where he edited out all of these jokes, all of the rude bits,

and made it a completely cunt-free affair.

莎士比亚需要将他 关于cunt的玩笑文字，

It's no surprise that about this time

隐藏于轻浮的、 带有猥亵含义的双关语中，

we start to get the first libel laws in Britain,

意味着当时的社会环境

the first banning of seditious and offensive pamphlets

已经不再像有”加诺卡·坎特勒斯” 和“荡妇巷”名字时

那样自由开放了。

with the rise of Puritanism.

For Shakespeare to be veiling his cunt jokes

清教徒压抑性欲， 我们都知道这一点，

in kind of cheeky double entendres

suggests that it's not quite as free and open

而语言是对性解放 至关重要的战场。

as Gunoka Cuntles and Gropecunte Lane would once have had.

如果你所要用到的词汇 被认为是冒犯性的，

你要怎么谈论你的身体呢？

The Puritans repressed sexuality, we know this,

你要怎么能做到呢？

到了复辟时期，

and language is extremely important battleground for sexual liberation.

也就是现代社会早期， “cunt”明显极具冒犯性。

How do you talk about your bodies

这里的这个人是罗切斯特伯爵， 约翰·威尔默特（John Wilmot），

if the very words you're trying to use are considered to be offensive?

他简直可以为 “*你妈的”这一词代言。

How do you do that?

And by the time we get to the Restoration period,

如果说清教徒试图 筑坝完全阻止性欲的话，

the early modern period, "cunt" is most certainly offensive.

这家伙简直就是

在清教严苛规定的塞子被拔掉时 涌出的压抑已久的性欲潮水之上冲浪，

And this chap here, John Wilmot Earl of Rochester,

他因此臭名昭著。

is the absolute poster boy of "fuck you."

他经常使用“cunt（阴部）”这个词， 他随意地玩弄这个词。

If the Puritans tried to dam up sexuality,

他写下了这样一首诗歌，

这首诗写的是他的情人，表达的是 他对她的其他情人的嫉妒之情。

this guy surfed to notoriety on a wave of sexual repression

“当你淫荡的阴部喷涌到家时，

that was unleashed when the plug was pulled on the Puritan rule.

早已被半个城的种子浸得湿漉漉，

He uses "cunt" a lot and he's very naughty about it.

我本就少的精液被吸得光光。

He wrote this poem about his mistress

因为那吸收力强的潮水，

早已享用了一顿粘液大餐，

那是你张开大口的阴部，

and how jealous he was of her other lovers.

与搬运工和仆人们 欢爱时攫取的猎物。”

"When your lewd cunt came spewing home

Drenched with the seed of half the town,

My dram of sperm was supped up after For the digestive surfeit water.

抱歉，内容有些露骨。

他想用那个词让人们深感震撼，

Full gorged at another time

人们看到这个作品， 很自然觉得他的性观念很开放。

With a vast meal of slime

但是他其实表达的是 对阴部和它的主人的愤怒，

Which your devouring cunt had drawn

From porters’ backs and footmen’s brawn.”

那种愤怒的情感 贯穿那首诗歌的始终。

从这首诗开始，

Sorry, everyone.

cunt成了一个冒犯性的、 粗俗的词语。

He uses that word to shock,

and it's easy to look at his work and think that he's sexually liberated,

我们现在开始讲

”cunt”一词在乔治时期 （ 1714 年－ 1830 年）的发展。

（笑声）

but he's actually quite angry at cunts and their owners

我等大家笑完再讲。

and that goes all the way through it.

在 18 世纪，印刷业高度发达。

From here on out,

cunt is an offensive, naughty word.

当然，作为人类，

Georgian cunts, here we go.

我们不仅想刊印一些好的书籍。

(Laughter)

我们还刊印色情印刷品，没错。

I'll just let that settle.

18 世纪，色情印刷品泛滥。

So what happens about the 18th century is the print industry really explodes.

奇怪的是，

很多色情读物 都避免了“cunt”一词。

And of course, we being humans,

we didn't just want to publish nice books.

1785 年，弗兰西斯·格罗斯 （Francis Grose）出版了他自己写的

We published porn, yay.

《粗话词典》 （A Dictionary of the Vulgar）一书，

There's a huge proliferation of porn that comes out of the 18th century.

这本书基本就是一个俚语词典。

书中他是这样定义“cunt”的： “表述一个粗鄙东西的粗鄙词语”。

But oddly enough,

most of it shies away from using that word "cunt."

In 1785, Francis Grose published his book,

和他使用的用来形容外阴的 “海盗靴”（buccaneers’s boot）、

"A Dictionary of the Vulgar Tongue,"

which is basically a dictionary of slang.

“捕虾笼”（lobster pot）、 “卖肉女”（skut）

And he defined "cunt" as a "nasty name for a nasty thing."

和“芙拉布太太的客厅” （Mrs. Frub’s parlor）几个词相比，

这个定义未免也太隐晦了。

这里的这本书，

Such modesty from someone who also uses the word "buccaneer's boot,"

《哈里斯名单》（Harris’s List）， 它是一本黄历，

是一本当时伦敦的性工作者名录。

“lobster pot,” “skut” and “Mrs. Frub’s parlor”

其中包含了她们的地址和身价，

for the vulva.

还包括了对她们从事的工作 和她们的阴道的细致描写。

This book here,

"Harris's List," this is an almanac,

但是其中“cunt（阴部）” 一词出现很少。

it's a directory of sex workers in London at the time, who were selling sex.

这里的这个，是一个绝妙的插画，

And it lists not only their address and their prices,

取自《芬妮·希尔：欢场女子回忆录》 （Fanny Hill）。

这是英国史上第一部情色小说，

but very, very intimate descriptions of what they do and their vulvas.

由约翰·克利兰（John Cleland） 于 1748 出版，

他宣称“自己不用一个粗词 便写就了该书”的自夸为人熟知。

But it doesn't use "cunt" very much.

This one here, this is an illustration,

他在文章中往往使用的是 “长苔藓的洞穴”，

fabulous illustration from "Fanny Hill,"

what's often called the first pornographic novel,

”丘比特的煤窖“，

which was published in 1748 by John Cleland,

“维纳斯的小丘”，这样一类词汇，

who famously boasted that he did it without writing any rude words at all.

而回避了“cunt（阴部）”一词。

再来看看维多利亚时期 （ 1837 年～ 1901 年）吧。

These texts tend to use expressions like "mossy grot,"

虽然传言维多利亚时代的人们 在性方面十分保守，

"cupid's coal hole,"

但是色情作品却在维多利亚时代的 上层阶级中暗流涌动，

“Venus’s mound,”

but we shy away from "cunt."

就像《捉鬼敢死队2》中的 粘液河一样，

色情作品遍地开花，

Victorians; so despite their reputation for being sexually prudish,

以视觉形象表现的， 以文学作品形式表现的，

“cunt（阴部）”一词给当时的人们 带来相当多的乐趣。

pornography flowed underneath Victoria upper-crust society

那个时代的色情杂志 《珍珠》（The Pearl），

在 1879 到 1880 年间发行于

like a river of slime in "Ghostbusters II."

每月每周的“摇篮曲”版面中，

They had pornography all over the place,

visual and literary,

有这样一些句子，大家来看一看。

and they had a lot of fun with "cunt."

希钦的一位年轻姑娘，

One of their pornographic magazines

在厨房里抓挠着她的阴部，

"The Pearl" was published from 1879 to 1880.

她的父亲说，“露丝， 这该是螃蟹发出的声响吧。”

露丝答道，“是的，爸爸， 那个烦人的家伙现在很痒。”

and it published in it "nursery rhymes" every month.

“有一个孟买年轻小伙， 他用陶土造了一个阴户；

I've got some here for you to have a look at.

他的鸡巴却将它灼烧成了红砖一块，

"There was a young lady of Hitchin,

连包皮都被擦掉。”

Who was scrotching her cunt in the kitchen;

Her father said, ‘Rose, It’s the crabs, I suppose.’

（笑声）

‘You’re right, pa, the buggers are itching.’”

做得好，维多利亚时代的人们， 做得真棒。

“There was a young man of Bombay Who fashioned a cunt out of clay;

有趣的是，同样在 19 世纪，

“cunt”作为侮辱性的词 首次被记录下来。

But the heat of his prick Turned it into a brick,

And (it) chafed all his foreskin away.”

实际上，“你是一个婊子。”

(Laughter)

是这个词在 19 世纪的首次亮相。

Yeah, well done, Victorians, well done.

17 世纪时，

它开始被用作贬低女性的集合词。

Interestingly, it's also in the 19th century

that we get the first recorded use of "cunt" being used as an insult.

塞缪尔·佩皮斯 （Samuel Pepys）写道，

催情药使得所有的 “荡妇”（cunt）都对他紧追不舍。

As an actual, "You are a cunt."

That's the first time that it's used in the 19th century.

真有魅力啊。

那时他们没有因为他的猥亵意味，

In the 17th century,

气得用大头针戳他。

it started being used as a kind of a derogatory collective noun for women.

总之，维多利亚时代的人们喜欢 “cunt”一词，只要它用在了合适的地方。

Samuel Pepys writes about this aphrodisiac

“Cunt”一词在历史上 经历的最重大的时刻之一，

that's going to make all the "cunts" chase after him.

就是

Charming.

《查特莱夫人的情人》 （Lady Chatterley’s Lover）

That's when they weren't stabbing him with pins

一书的出版和随后的 出版物审查判决。

for being too sexually aggressive.

Anyway, the Victorians liked a well-placed "cunt."

这本书中“cunt”一词出现了 14 次， “fuck”一词出现了 40 次，

One of the most important "cunt" moments in history is this.

这本书先是被禁止出版， 要出版就得先通过法院判决。

Is the publication

这本书极具震撼力， 不仅因为其中的关于性的场景描绘、

and the subsequent obscenity trial of “Lady Chatterley’s Lover.”

文字描写，

This book contained 14 "cunts" and 40 "fucks,"

而且因为它打破了当时的阶级界限。

介绍一下，这本书讲的是 康斯坦丝·查特莱夫人，

and it was banned and it had to go on trial in order to be published.

她是一位已婚女士， 她和这里所示的肖恩·宾，

饰演的猎场看守梅勒斯，有婚外情。

And it was shocking, not just because of the graphic scenes of sex

and the language used,

but because it smashes down class boundaries.

继承人、风度、头衔压根不重要，

If you're not familiar with this, it's about Lady Constance Chatterley,

她有阴部，她很饥渴，这就足够了。

a married woman who embarks on affair with with Sean Bean here

书中一个重要场景是 梅勒斯试图告诉查特莱

“cunt”意味着什么。

but with Mellors the gamekeeper.

And the idea is that it doesn't matter all her heirs and graces and titles,

我就不用那种口音说了。

”不，不！

动物才交合，

she’s got a cunt, she’s a sexual woman and that levels them.

可雌儿比那要有意思得多。

那是你，你还不明白吗？ 你跟动物大不一样，不是吗？

But one of the pivotal scenes is where Mellors tries to tell her

what "cunt" means.

尽管你也交合！

雌儿！啊，那是你的美啊！伴儿！”

I won't do the accent.

“Nay nay!

Fuck's only what animals do,

“雌儿！啊，那是你的美啊！伴儿！”

but cunt's a lot more than that.

我爱这个描写。

It's thee, dost see: there's a lot more beside an animal, aren't ter?

尽管裁判委员会一致同意

书中虽然多次出现“cunt” 却不失为一个具有艺术价值的作品，

Even ter fuck?

Cunt! Eh, that’s the beauty of thee lass!”

并批准了这本书的出版，

你可以看到，

"Cunt. That's the beauty of thee, lass!"

图片展示的这本书出版时，大街小巷 排满长队只为购得一书的场景，

I love that.

Now, despite a jury that agreed

a work stuffed full of cunts does have artistic merit

“cunt（阴部）”一词 从没有进入主流文化中。

and they allowed it to be published,

女权主义者对“cunt（阴部）” 一词始终感到不大自在。

and you can see the pictures of the people queuing around the streets

to get their hands on this book once it was,

那是朱迪·芝加哥 （Judy Chicago）。

她领导了 20 世纪 70 年代的 “女性私处艺术运动”。

"cunt" never really made it back into the mainstream.

现代，“cunt”一词最初出现在 1971 年一部名叫

Feminists have maintained a rather uneasy relationship with "cunt."

《猎爱的人》（Carnal Knowledge）的 主流电影里，

杰克·尼克尔森（Jack Nicholson）的 台词中，

尼克尔森对一个女人尖声说 她是一个惹火的女人，

This is Judy Chicago.

She led what was called The Cunt Art Movement of the 1970s.

是婊子养的，

或者那之类的话。

It first turned up in a film,

这个词在《驱魔者》中也出现过。

a mainstream cinema in 1971 in "Carnal Knowledge" with Jack Nicholson,

在 1996 年的话剧作品

《阴道独白》（The Vagina Monologues）中 也出现过，

who screamed at a woman that she is a ball-busting

我印象是伊娃·恩斯（Eve Ensler） 在谈到重新找回阴道掌控权时说到过。

son of a cunt bitch,

or words to that effect.

尽管做出了这些努力，

“cunt”一词还是没有摆脱粗俗的意思。

And in "The Exorcist" as well.

It appears in "The Vagina Monologues," 1996, I think it was,

再来看“cunt”一词在当代的发展。

（笑声）

with Eve Ensler when she talks about reclaiming "cunt."

20 世纪 70 年代，

牛津英语词典终于将这个词收录，

But it's still not off the linguistic naughty step,

而这个词已经存在几千年了。

despite all of this work.

Cunts today.

在 2014 年， 词典编篡者态度更加缓和，

(Laughter)

It was it was finally admitted to the Oxford English Dictionary,

他们收录了 “cunty（恼人的，与阴部有关的，像阴部的）”,

“cuntish（令人不快的）”， 以及“cunting（不想要的）”。

我们从而知道了 每个词的确切意思。

despite having been around for thousands of years,

in the '70s.

And then in 2014, they relented a little bit more

英国的电视监管部门

and they added “cunty,” “cuntish,” “cunted” and “cunting.”

The Ofcom,

在 2016 年

So we all know exactly what that means.

发布了最具冒犯性的 词汇的调查结果，

“cunt”一词当仁不让，

The Ofcom,

高居榜首。

the regulator for UK TV censorship

它仍被是为是极具冒犯性的词。

in 2016 released a poll

但我想让大家想一想这个问题。

of what they regarded to be the most offensive words

你怎么称呼你自己的私处呢？

and "cunt" was bang up there.

就我所知，

It was on top.

用来指外阴或阴道的词归于以下几类：

It is still regarded as a horrendously offensive word.

偏儿童化的：两片瓣瓣、

But here's what I want to leave you with.

奶油夹心蛋糕、呼呼、 毛绒绒、小妹妹。

What do you call yours?

Because as far as I can see,

偏医学性的：外阴、 外生殖器、阴道。

words for vulva or cunts fall into a few categories.

We've got child-like: a tuppence,

有些不大相关的： 下身、下面的东西。

a Twinkie, a foof, a minky, a Mary.

（笑声）

那块儿，特殊区域。

Very medical: a vulva, pudendum, vagina.

暴力一点的：斧伤、 阴茎捕捉器、砍痕、咆哮者。

Slightly detached: down there, it's down there.

(Laughter)

我乘的一辆出租车的司机告诉我，

Bits, special area.

格拉斯哥俚语中用 “对獾咆哮”来代指“舔阴”，

Violent: axe wound, penis flytrap, gash or a growler.

（笑声）

关于这个我就说到这里吧。

或者用一些令人感到不舒服的， 可怕的图片来指代女阴或阴道。

The taxi driver on my way in told me

that Glaswegian slang for cunnilingus is "growling at the badger," which --

图片上面是鱼啊，肉啊， 通常所见的腐烂的东西啊，

鱼肉卷啊，培根三明治啊，

(Laughter)

I'll leave that with you.

馅料很糟糕的烤肉卷啊， 长须的蛤肉啊，等等。

Or they just tend to be unpleasant,

这些替代词比 “cunt（阴部）”更好吗?

horrible images of fish and meat and general putrescence,

fish taco, bacon sandwich,

但我认为，我们还没有准备好使用

badly stuffed kebab, bearded clam, etc.

以及我们无法坦然地使用 “cunt（阴部）”这个词的原因

在于我们通常还是 无法坦然接纳阴部。

虽然这个词在语言上 已经被净化了,

Are these better alternatives to "cunt?"

但在文化观念中， 我们似乎仅能够接受的是

But I think the reason that we're not prepared

那些做过切除的，

and we can't handle "cunt"

经过去毛的，经过打蜡的， 经过胶合的，被亮片装饰的，

is because we can't handle cunts generally.

顺便做过“金包银”的阴部。

While it's been linguistically sanitized,

culturally, the only cunts we seem to be OK with

私处整形产业目前正迅猛发展。

are the ones that have been plucked

你能切掉阴唇，

重塑处女膜，

and buffed and waxed and glued and covered in glitter.

重塑骨盆肌。

So, vajazzled by the way.

我们对真实的阴部就这么反感吗？

The vaginoplasty business is booming.

它是强大、惊人力量的所在。

You can have your labia cut off,

you can have your hymen rebuilt,

它能容纳一个睾丸， 能生出一个孩子。

you can have your pelvic floor resprung.

它真不是一个手指蛋糕。

Are we this uncomfortable with the cunt actually as it is?

（笑声）

这个词历史悠久。

It's a seat of enormous and awesome power.

这个词很冒犯人。

但是它是一个古老的词， 真实达意的词，事情就是这样。

It can eat a penis and push out a baby,

这个词原来没有其他含义，

it's not a twinkle.

(Laughter)

那些冒犯性的含义是后来有的。

因此欢迎加入我们，成为使用 “cunt（阴部）”这个词的一员。

It is an old word.

（掌声）

It's an offensive word.

But it's an ancient and honest one, and this is the thing.

This is the original word,

everything else came after.

So welcome to Team Cunt.

(Applause)