5 Values for Repairing the Harms of Colonialism | Jing Corpuz | TED

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2023-02-15 ใƒป TED


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5 Values for Repairing the Harms of Colonialism | Jing Corpuz | TED

30,871 views ใƒป 2023-02-15

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Jaewook Seol ๊ฒ€ํ† : erin choi
00:04
(Speaking in Kankana-ey)
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(์นธ์นด๋‚˜์—์ด์กฑ ๋ฐฉ์–ธ)
00:24
And I wish I can continue in my language so that I can make no mistakes.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ง๋กœ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋„ ์•ˆ ํ• ํ…๋ฐ์š”.
00:28
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
00:30
I greet you in the language of my Indigenous Kankana-ey Igorot ancestors.
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์ €ํฌ ์นธ์นด๋‚˜์—์ด ์ด๊ณ ๋กœํŠธ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ป˜ ์ธ์‚ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
And I acknowledge that I am in the homelands of the Lenape people.
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ ˆ๋‚˜ํŽ˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ ๋•…์— ์„œ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
I am Jing,
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์ €๋Š” ์ง•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
and I come from the central mountain range
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์ €๋Š” ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€ ๋ถ๋ถ€์— ์žˆ๋Š”
00:45
of the northern part of the Philippines.
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์ค‘๋ถ€ ์‚ฐ๋งฅ ์ถœ์‹ ์ด์ฃ .
00:48
If you've heard of the Banaue Rice Terraces,
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ํ˜น์‹œ ๋ฐ”๋‚˜์šฐ์— ๊ณ„๋‹จ์‹ ๋…ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ์„์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ,
00:51
which is one of the wonders of the modern world,
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์ค‘์˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋ฐ์š”,
00:54
that is the region where I am from.
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๊ทธ ๊ณณ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ ์ถœ์‹ ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
My ancestors built these terraces by hand,
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์ €ํฌ ์กฐ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ ์ด ๊ณ„๋‹จ์‹ ๋…ผ์„ ์†์ˆ˜ ๋งŒ๋“œ์…จ์–ด์š”.
01:02
as a community, through the centuries.
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋กœ์„œ, ์ˆ˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฑธ์ณ์„œ์š”.
01:07
It is their intimate knowledge of nature and of the way that the river flows,
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๊ฐ•๋ฌผ์ด ํ˜๋Ÿฌ๊ฐ€๊ณ , ๋ฌผ์ด ํ๋ฅด๊ณ 
๋ฌผ์ด ์ €์žฅ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹๊ณผ
01:13
the waters flow and the waters are stored,
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์ž์—ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ์ง€์‹์ด
01:16
that enables these terraces to be irrigated
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๊ธฐ๊ณ„์˜ ๋„์›€ ์—†์ด๋„
01:19
without the help of machines.
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๊ณ„๋‹จ์‹ ๋…ผ์— ๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์คฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
The art and science of building and irrigating these terraces is magical.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ณ„๋‹จ์‹ ๋…ผ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ€๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ˆ ๊ณผ ๊ณผํ•™์€ ๋งˆ์น˜ ๋งˆ์ˆ  ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
They have been sustainably and beautifully irrigated for centuries.
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์ด ๋…ผ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜ ์„ธ๊ธฐ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง€์†๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ณต๊ธ‰ํ•ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:36
Now, my people are also known as one of the unconquered
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๋˜ํ•œ, ์ €ํฌ ๋ถ€์กฑ์€ ์ฝ”๋ฅด๋””์—๋ผ ์‚ฐ๋งฅ์—์„œ ์ •๋ณต๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹๋ฏผ์ง€๋ฐฐ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์€
01:41
and uncolonized tribes of the Cordillera Mountains.
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๋ถ€์กฑ๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
We successfully resisted more than 300 years of Spanish colonization
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ŠคํŒจ์ธ ์‹๋ฏผ ์„ธ๋ ฅ์— 300๋…„ ๋„˜๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ €ํ•ญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
because the mountains that we nurtured and cared for protected us in return.
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๊พธ๊ณ  ๋ณด์‚ดํŽด์˜จ ์‚ฐ์ด ๋ณด๋‹ต์œผ๋กœ ์ €ํฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผœ์คฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
01:58
Now, to be sure,
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๋„ค, ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ํ•ด๋‘์ž๋ฉด
02:00
the Spanish attempted. They heard about our gold.
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์ŠคํŒจ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ €ํฌ ๋•…์— ๊ธˆ์ด ์žˆ๋‹จ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธด ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
02:02
So they sent many expeditions into the mountains to mine our gold
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์ €ํฌ์˜ ๊ธˆ์„ ์บ๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์„ธ๊ธˆ์„ ๋งค๊ธฐ๋ ค๊ณ 
์‚ฐ๋งฅ ์†์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์›์ •๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
and to tax us.
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02:10
But the historical records show,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋“ฏ,
02:13
I kid you not,
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๋†๋‹ด์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
02:15
members of the expedition were sent back inevitably
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์›์ •๋Œ€์›๋“ค์€ ์–ด์ฉ” ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ด ๋˜๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:20
and sometimes without their heads.
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๊ฐ€๋”์€ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ƒํƒœ์˜€๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์š”.
02:23
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:25
That's right.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
We are --
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์ €ํฌ๋Š”
02:29
We were a headhunting people.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ํ—ค๋“œํ—ŒํŒ… ๋ถ€์กฑ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
02:32
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:33
And the name of my motherโ€™s hometown, Besao, comes from the word โ€œbuso,โ€
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์ €ํฌ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ธ ๋ฒ„์‚ฌ์˜ค๋Š” โ€œ๋ถ€์†Œโ€œ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ์˜จ ๊ฑด๋ฐ์š”,
02:38
which means headhunter.
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๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ๋ƒฅ๊พผ(ํ—ค๋“œํ—Œํ„ฐ)๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
And this is why I'm always joking around with my colleagues,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ œ ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋†๋‹ด์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
02:43
โ€œI am a recovering headhunter.โ€
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โ€œ๋‚œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ํšŒ๋ณต์ค‘์ธ ํ—ค๋“œํ—Œํ„ฐ์•ผ.โ€
02:45
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
02:48
When we drove the Spanish out of the Philippines in the late 1800s,
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์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ 1800๋…„๋Œ€ ํ›„๋ฐ˜์— ํ•„๋ฆฌํ•€์—์„œ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์ธ๋“ค์„ ๋ชฐ์•„๋ƒˆ์„ ๋•Œ,
02:55
they were unfortunately replaced by a more creative colonizer:
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๋” ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ธ ์‹๋ฏผ ์—ด๊ฐ•์ด ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
the Americans.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์ธ๋“ค์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
03:02
And the pressure on our homelands increased exponentially.
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์ €ํฌ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ ๋•…์— ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์ง„ ์••๋ฐ•์€ ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธ‰์ˆ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:07
They wanted to mine our gold,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธˆ์„ ์บ๊ณ 
03:09
to dam our rivers and to log our forests that we had cared for
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ ๊ฑธ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๊พธ์–ด ์˜จ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ•์„ ๋‘‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ง‰๊ณ 
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ˆฒ์„ ๋ฒ ์–ด๋‚ด๊ธธ ์›ํ–ˆ์ฃ .
03:15
at the risk of our own lives.
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03:18
When they wanted to dam the Chico River,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์น˜์ฝ” ๊ฐ•์— ๋Œ์„ ์ง“๊ธธ ์›ํ–ˆ์—ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:21
which is the lifeblood of the mountains where I'm from,
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๊ทธ ๊ฐ•์€ ์ œ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ ์‚ฐ๋งฅ์˜ ์ –์ค„์ธ ๊ณณ์ธ๋ผ
03:25
they were met with fierce resistance and protests from the people.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ถ€์กฑ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฑฐ์„ผ ์ €ํ•ญ๊ณผ ํ•ญ์˜์— ๋งž๋”ฑ๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
Our burial grounds, sacred places and amazing terraces
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋งค์žฅ์ง€, ์„ฑ์†Œ, ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ณ„๋‹จ์‹ ๋…ผ๋“ค์ด
03:35
would have been drowned and lost forever.
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๋ฌผ์— ์ž ๊ฒจ์„œ ์˜์˜ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ธด ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
03:38
And this was simply a spiritual and cultural price
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๋˜ ์ด๊ฑด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ถ€์กฑ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
03:42
that my people were not willing to pay.
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์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์น˜๋ฅด๊ณ ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ •์‹ ์ , ๋ฌธํ™”์  ๋Œ€๊ฐ€์˜€์ฃ .
03:46
This project was funded by the World Bank.
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์€ํ–‰์ด ์ž๊ธˆ ์ง€์›์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:49
And because of the fierce resistance of Indigenous peoples,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฑฐ์„ผ ์ €ํ•ญ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
03:54
they were forced to back off in the 1980s
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ 1980๋…„๋Œ€์— ํ•œ ๋ฐœ ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ์„œ์„œ
03:57
and to put in place an Indigenous people safeguard policy
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์˜ํ†  ๋‚ด์—์„œ ๋™์˜ ์—†๋Š”
04:02
to make sure that development aggression doesn't happen again
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์นจ๋žต์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ๋” ๋ณด์žฅํ•˜๋Š”
04:06
in Indigenous territories without consent.
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฆฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:09
OK, so that's a new word and a big word.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ๋ฐ ์–ด๋งˆ์–ด๋งˆํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ฃ .
04:12
(Applause)
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(ํ™˜ํ˜ธ)
04:15
Donโ€™t worry, Iโ€™ll explain it. (Laughs)
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๊ฑฑ์ • ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”. (์›ƒ์Œ)
04:18
So what is development aggression?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์นจ๋žต์ด๋ž€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
04:21
Well, development --
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๋„ค, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ,
04:23
development is ... physical or economic infrastructure
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์€ ... ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์  ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค๋กœ์„œ
04:27
that's put in place in a community to help them thrive
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ๋ฒˆ์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋•๋„๋ก
04:30
and reach their goals.
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์ˆ˜๋ฆฝ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
Like, for example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
04:32
if there is not enough affordable housing in a community
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด ๋‚ด์— ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ์‹œ์„ค์ด ๋„‰๋„‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:36
or inadequate access to culturally appropriate education,
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๋ฌธํ™”์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ํ•ฉํ•œ ๊ต์œก์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ์ด ๋ถ€์ ์ ˆํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:40
development would build affordable houses
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์ฃผํƒ๋“ค์„ ์ง“๊ณ 
04:42
and enable access to culturally appropriate education.
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๋ฌธํ™”์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ต์œก์— ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
Simple.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ฃ .
04:49
But development aggression is the opposite.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์นจ๋žต์€ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
It is development that exploits the resources of the community
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ์ž์›์„ ์ฐฉ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋กœ์„œ
04:58
and not for the purpose of helping the community,
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋•๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ
05:01
but for the developer's gain.
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๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์ž์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
05:05
It is a manifestation of colonialism,
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์ด๋Š” ์‹๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ํ‘œ์ƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
05:10
and it is a very colonial worldview
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๋งค์šฐ ์‹๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์  ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ด€์ด์ž
05:14
and comes from top-down decision making.
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ํ•˜ํ–ฅ์‹ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฒฐ์ •์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
05:17
As Indigenous peoples, we perceive it as projects imposed
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Š๋ผ๊ธฐ์— ์ด๊ฑด ๊ณต๋™์ฒด์˜ ๋™์˜ ์—†์ด
05:21
without the consent of the community
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์นจํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์˜
05:23
and in a manner that violates our rights.
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ด์š”.
05:26
It falls within the paradigm of overproduction,
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์ด๊ฑด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ณผ์ž‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐ, ๊ณผ์ž‰ ์†Œ๋น„,
05:31
overconsumption and accumulation of wealth by individuals,
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๊ฐœ์ธ์— ์˜ํ•œ ์žฌ์‚ฐ ์ถ•์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํŒจ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค์ž„์— ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฐ
05:36
which has proven to be not helpful at all for humanity and for the planet.
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์ธ๋ฅ˜์™€ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์•„๋ฌด๋Ÿฐ ๋„์›€๋„ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๋กœ ์ฆ๋ช…๋œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
05:43
(Applause)
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(ํ™˜ํ˜ธ)
05:49
Sometimes I wonder and I really think about,
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๊ฐ€๋” ์ „ ๊ถ๊ธˆ์ฆ์ด ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฌผ์–ด ์ง„์งœ ๊ณฐ๊ณฐํžˆ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•ด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
you know, why did my ancestors,
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์žˆ์ž–์•„์š”, ์™œ ์ €ํฌ ์กฐ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์€
05:55
why did my forebears resist the dam so strongly,
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์™œ ์ €ํฌ ์„ ์กฐ๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋Œ์— ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ €ํ•ญํ•˜์…จ์„๊นŒ์š”?
06:00
usually at the cost of their own lives?
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ๋ชฉ์ˆจ์„ ๋Œ“๊ฐ€๋กœ ์น˜๋ฅด๋ฉด์„œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ง์ด์˜ˆ์š”.
06:03
You know, the mountains are vast
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์‚ฐ๋งฅ์€ ๊ด‘ํ™œํ•˜๊ณ 
06:05
and we could have moved away from the inundated areas.
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์นจ์ˆ˜๋œ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:08
We could have gone to a different place
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๊ด‘์‚ฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์œ ๋…ํ•ด์กŒ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:10
that was not poisoned by the mines
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๋ฒŒ๋ชฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฒ—๊ฒจ์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€
06:12
or that was not denuded by the logging.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ๋– ๋‚  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .
06:15
But my people explain that the struggle against the dams,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ €ํฌ ๋ถ€์กฑ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธธ, ๋Œ๊ณผ ๊ด‘์‚ฐ๊ณผ
06:18
the mining and the logging
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๋ฒŒ๋ชฉ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํˆฌ์Ÿ๋“ค์€
06:20
is a struggle for our identity and for our cultural survival.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌธํ™”์  ์ƒ์กด์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํˆฌ์Ÿ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
It is a struggle to make sure that we have healthy territories
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์„ธ๋Œ€์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ•ด์ค„ ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์˜ํ† ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ
06:29
to pass on to the future generations.
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์ฆ๋ช…ํ•ด์ค„ ํˆฌ์Ÿ์ธ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:32
And this is what I have discovered
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๋˜ ์ด๊ฑด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งŒ๋‚œ
06:34
through all my travels and interactions with other Indigenous peoples.
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌํ–‰๊ณผ ๊ต๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
This is common among Indigenous peoples worldwide.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ธ ๊ฑฐ๋ž€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:41
The notion that we hold our lands, our waters,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋•…, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฌผ,
06:45
our territories and our resources
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜ํ† , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ž์›์„ ์ง€ํ‚จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋…์€
06:47
not just for ourselves but for the future generations.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค๋งŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:51
Macli-ing Dulag, who is a pangat, or a peace pact holder,
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๋ง‰๋ฆฌ์ž‰ ๋‘˜๋ฝ์€ ํŒก์•—ํŠธ, ์ฆ‰ ํ‰ํ™” ํ˜‘์ • ์ฒด๊ฒฐ์ž๋กœ์„œ
06:55
he famously said to the government bureaucrats
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๋Œ์„ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ถ€์น˜๋Ÿฌ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์˜ ์˜ํ† ์— ๋“ค์–ด์˜จ
06:58
who came through the territory to push the dam,
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์ •๋ถ€ ๊ด€๋ฃŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ๋ง์„ ๋‚จ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
"You asked us if we own the land
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โ€œ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ค๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋•…์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๊ณ 
07:06
and mock us by asking, 'Where is your title?'
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โ€˜๋‹น์‹  ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ญ”๊ฐ€?โ€™๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋ฉฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋†€๋ ธ์ง€.
07:11
When we asked the meaning of your words,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ค๋“ค์ด ํ•œ ๋ง์˜ ๋œป์„ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ดค์„ ๋•Œ
07:13
you taunt us by saying,
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ค๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์กฐ๋กฑํ–ˆ์ง€.
07:16
'Where are the documents to prove your ownership?
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โ€˜๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ์„ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ•  ์„œ๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์žˆ๋ƒ๊ณ ?โ€™
07:19
Titles, documents, proof of ownership.โ€ฒ
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์ž๊ฒฉ, ์„œ๋ฅ˜, ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ ์ฆ๋ช…
07:23
Such arrogance to think that you can own the land
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ค๋“ค์ด ๋•…์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋งŒ๋ถˆ์†ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ธ๊ฐ€?
07:27
when we are instead owned by it.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ๋•…์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ณ .
07:30
How can you own something that will outlive you?
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ค๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐˆ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ๋‹จ ๋ง์ธ๊ฐ€?
07:34
Only the people own the land
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋•…์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
07:36
because it's the people that live forever."
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์˜์›ํžˆ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.โ€
07:40
As Indigenous peoples,
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ
07:42
we own our past, our present and our future.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์†Œ์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:49
Private development for the gain of the few
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์†Œ์ˆ˜์˜ ์ด์ต๋งŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•˜๊ณ 
07:52
and to the detriment of the community,
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด์— ์œ„ํ•ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฏผ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์€
07:54
flies against the face of the reality
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜ ์„ธ๋Œ€์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์กด์žฌํ•ด์™”๋‹ค๋Š”
07:57
of the generational existence of Indigenous peoples.
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ํ˜„์‹ค์„ ์™ธ๋ฉดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
So development aggression is actually an extension
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์นจ๋žต์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ณผ์ž‰ ์†Œ๋น„์™€
08:04
of a version of capitalism that pushes overconsumption,
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๊ณผ์ž‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ถ€์น˜๋Š” ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž๋ณธ์ฃผ์˜์˜
08:08
overproduction
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์—ฐ์žฅ์„ ์ƒ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
08:10
and has no regard for the future generations.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์ „ํ˜€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:13
Itโ€™s always โ€œmore is better,โ€
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ํ•ญ์ƒ โ€œ๋งŽ์„์ˆ˜๋ก ์ข‹๋‹คโ€œ๋Š” ์‹์ด์ฃ .
08:15
โ€œextract as much value and labor as you can
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โ€œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€ ๋…ธ๋™๋ ฅ์„ ์ฐฉ์ทจํ•˜๋ผ.
08:18
from the land and from the people
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๋•…๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ,
08:21
without caring for the future.โ€
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ๋ณด์‚ดํ”ผ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ .โ€
08:24
So when I was younger --
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ์—”,
08:27
Story time. (Laughs)
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์˜›๋‚  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์˜ˆ์š”. (์›ƒ์Œ)
08:29
I grew up with my grandparents and they always told me,
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์ €๋Š” ์กฐ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜ ๊ณ์—์„œ ์ž๋ž๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:33
"Eat everything in your plate."
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โ€œ๋„ค ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋‹ค ๋จน์–ด๋ผ.โ€
08:34
I'm sure you've heard that as well.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋„ ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์…จ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
08:38
But there's a deeper undercurrent there.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—” ๋” ๊นŠ์€ ์† ๋œป์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
Eat everything on your plate in order to honor the hands that planted, nurtured,
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๋„ค ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋‹ค ๋จน์–ด์„œ ๋ฒผ๋ฅผ ์‹ฌ๊ณ , ๊ฐ€๊พธ๊ณ , ์ˆ˜ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:46
harvested and cooked the food.
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์Œ์‹์„ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•œ ๊ทธ ์†๋“ค์„ ๊ณต๊ฒฝํ•˜๋ผ.
08:50
He taught me about the concept of โ€œinayan,โ€
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ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์ œ๊ฒŒ โ€œ์ด๋‚˜์–€โ€œ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฐœ๋…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ์ฃผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
or โ€œdo not do anything that might harm others
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โ€œ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด๋“ค์„ ํ•ด์น˜๋Š” ์ผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์˜๊ณ , ์‚ฌ์•…ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ธˆ๊ธฐ์‹œ๋˜๊ณ 
08:58
or things that are bad, evil, taboo or unethical.โ€
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๋น„์œค๋ฆฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ๋งˆ๋ผโ€œ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ฃ .
09:02
So getting more than what you need
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
09:05
deprives others.
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๋‚จ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋นผ์•—๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
Getting more food than what you can eat
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋จน๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
09:09
deprives the hungry and dishonors those that produced it.
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๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”ˆ ์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ์„œ ๋นผ์•—๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ์Œ์‹์„ ์ƒ์‚ฐํ•œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์š•๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
He would ask me, when he sees uneaten rice on my plate,
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ํ• ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ์ œ ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์— ๋‚จ๊ธด ๋ฐฅ์„ ๋ณด์‹œ๊ณค ์ œ๊ฒŒ ํƒ€์ด๋ฅด์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:18
"Don't you hear the rice crying?"
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โ€œ๋ฐฅ์ด ์šฐ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ˆ?โ€
09:21
And I would hear it crying.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ณค ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฅ์ด ์šฐ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์ฃ .
09:22
So until this day, I can't leave rice on my plate
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€๋„ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์— ๋ฐฅ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
because I always hear the cries of the rice.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ œ๊ฒ ๋ฐฅ์ด ์šฐ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
09:30
Another concept that my relatives taught me
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์ œ ์นœ์ฒ™๋ถ„๊ป˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐœ๋…์€
09:33
is (Speaking in Kankana-ey).
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(์นธ์นด๋‚˜์—์ด์–ด) ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:35
Literally, โ€œSpread the good.โ€
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์ง์—ญํ•˜๋ฉด โ€œ์ข‹์€ ๊ฑด ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ๋œจ๋ ค๋ผโ€œ๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ฃ .
09:39
Spread the good values, the good virtues, practices,
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์ข‹์€ ๊ฐ€์น˜, ์ข‹์€ ๋•๋ชฉ, ๊ด€ํ–‰๋“ค์„ ๋„๋ฆฌ ํผ๋œจ๋ ค๋ผ.
09:43
even material things.
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๋ฌผ์งˆ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค๊นŒ์ง€๋„์š”.
09:45
Another way of saying it in my language is
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์ €ํฌ ๋ง๋กœ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
(Speaking in Kankana-ey).
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(์นธ์นด๋‚˜์—์ด์–ด)
09:53
It means no one person should own what is good.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฑธ ํ˜ผ์ž ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์ฃ .
09:57
It is to be shared with the community.
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๊ณต๋™์ฒด์™€ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
09:59
It is an expression of reciprocity and honor for the collective,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜ธํ˜œ์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ง‘๋‹จ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์กด์ค‘์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋ฉฐ
10:03
and it teaches us to care for the common good.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ณต๊ณต์˜ ์ด์ต์„ ๋ณด์‚ดํ”ผ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นจ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
So these values,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋“ค,
10:10
reciprocity,
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ํ˜ธํ˜œ์„ฑ,
10:12
spirituality,
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์˜์„ฑ,
10:14
not taking more than you need,
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ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ทจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ
10:17
obligation to future generations
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์„ธ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜๋ฌด,
10:19
and collective decision making,
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์ง‘๋‹จ ์˜์‚ฌ ๊ฒฐ์ •,
10:21
all of these values are now finding their way into scientific studies
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ๊ณผํ•™ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋˜์–ด
10:26
and global scientific assessments
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์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ๊ณผ ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„ ์„œ๋น„์Šค,
10:29
on the status of biodiversity and ecosystem services,
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๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ํ† ์ง€ ํ™ฉํํ™” ํ˜„ํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
10:33
climate change and land degradation.
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์„ธ๊ณ„์˜ ๊ณผํ•™์  ํ‰๊ฐ€๋ฒ•์—๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
So what we all need to do now
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์„
10:39
is what Indigenous peoples have always known
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ๋Š˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
10:42
and have always done.
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๋Š˜ ํ•ด์™”๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
10:45
As we face the negative effects of biodiversity loss,
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์ƒ๋ฌผ ๋‹ค์–‘์„ฑ ์†์‹ค, ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”,
10:49
climate change, extreme weather events
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ํ™์ˆ˜๋‚˜ ์‚ฐ๋ถˆ, ๊ฐ€๋ญ„ ๊ฐ™์€
10:52
like the flooding, the wildfires, the droughts --
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๊ทน๋‹จ์  ๊ธฐ์ƒ ํ˜„์ƒ์˜ ๋ถ€์ •์  ํšจ๊ณผ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
10:56
the scientists, they are slowly moving towards the conclusion
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๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์€ ์„œ์„œํžˆ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒฐ๋ก ์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด ์›€์ง์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
that it is only through Indigenous wisdom and values
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์ฆ‰, ์˜ค์ง ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ง€ํ˜œ์™€ ๊ฐ€์น˜์™€
11:04
and ways of caring for territory
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์˜ํ† ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์‚ดํ”ผ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํ†ตํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
11:07
that we see the path towards our salvation.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์›ํ•ด์ค„ ๊ธธ์ด ๋ณด์ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
The path towards our salvation is not through more development,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์›ํ•ด์ค„ ๊ธธ์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ 
11:17
it's not through more consumption or more production.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์†Œ๋น„๋‚˜ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
Overconsumption, development aggression, overproduction,
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๊ณผ์ž‰ ์†Œ๋น„, ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์นจ๋žต, ๊ณผ์ž‰ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์€
11:26
are all manifestations of destructive colonialism
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์น˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด ์ธ์ •ํ•œ
11:30
that has harmed the planet
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11:32
and that has undermined the Indigenous wisdom
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ์ง€ํ˜œ๋ฅผ ํ›ผ์†์‹œ์ผœ์˜จ
11:35
that the scientists acknowledge
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ํŒŒ๊ดด์  ์‹๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์˜ ํ‘œ์ƒ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
that we all need.
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11:40
So think about it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
11:43
In spite of everything,
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
11:45
all the challenges we have faced,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๊ณผ์ œ์™€,
11:47
more than 500 years of colonization,
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500๋…„์ด ๋„˜๋Š” ์‹๋ฏผํ™” ๊ณผ์ •,
11:49
all of the development aggression, we are still here.
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์นจ๋žต์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ด ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
Indigenous peoples and our values have thrived and have endured.
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค๊ณผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋Š” ์„ธ์›”์„ ๊ฒฌ๋””๋ฉฐ ๋ฒˆ์„ฑํ•ด์™”์ฃ .
12:00
We have survived,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ
12:01
and the least we can do is to honor this resistance
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ์†Œํ•œ์€ ์ €ํ•ญ ์šด๋™์— ๊ฒฝ์˜๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
by decolonizing our structures,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌํšŒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํƒˆ์‹๋ฏผํ™” ํ•˜๊ณ ,
12:09
decolonizing the way we think,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ํƒˆ์‹๋ฏผํ™” ํ•˜๊ณ ,
12:11
decolonizing our practices,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ด€ํ–‰๋“ค์„ ํƒˆ์‹๋ฏผํ™” ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
12:13
so that we can stop the destruction of the planet.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ฉˆ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
Colonization and its tentacles has always deprived people and planet
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์‹๋ฏผ์ง€๋ฐฐ์™€ ๊ทธ ์ด‰์ˆ˜๋“ค์€ ๋Š˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์ง€๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ์„œ
12:23
of the things that we naturally and rightfully need.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์ •๋‹นํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋นผ์•—์•„ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
It is only by decolonizing our understanding of history
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ํƒˆ์‹๋ฏผํ™” ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋งŒ์ด
12:30
that we will understand
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
12:32
how we have arrived at this planetary crisis.
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์ „ ์ง€๊ตฌ์  ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
And it is only through honoring Indigenous peoples
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๋˜ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์„ ๊ณต๊ฒฝํ•˜๊ณ 
12:40
and being inspired by the values,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜์— ์˜๊ฐ๋ฐ›๊ณ 
12:45
providing the support and the resources
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์นจ๋žต๊ณผ ์‹๋ฏผ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
12:49
in order for Indigenous peoples to continue to resist
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์ €ํ•ญ์„ ์ง€์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก
12:53
development aggression and colonialism
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์„ฑ์›๊ณผ ์ž์›์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์ด
12:56
that we can save ourselves and save the planet.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
So I invite us,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
13:02
let's listen,
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋“ฃ๊ณ ,
13:04
let's be inspired,
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์˜๊ฐ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ 
13:06
let us learn,
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๋ฐฐ์›Œ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
13:08
and let us support the struggles of Indigenous peoples.
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์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ๋“ค์˜ ํˆฌ์Ÿ์—๋„ ์„ฑ์›์„ ๋ณด๋ƒ…์‹œ๋‹ค.
13:12
This is the only path forward.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ €ํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•  ๊ธธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:17
(Applause)
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(ํ™˜ํ˜ธ)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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