Can We Feed Ourselves without Devouring the Planet? | George Monbiot | TED

67,632 views

2023-01-19 ・ TED


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Can We Feed Ourselves without Devouring the Planet? | George Monbiot | TED

67,632 views ・ 2023-01-19

TED


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

λ²ˆμ—­: μ„±μ€€ μ•ˆ κ²€ν† : DK Kim
00:08
What's the worst thing we've ever done to the planet?
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인λ₯˜κ°€ μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ 지ꡬ에 저지λ₯Έ κ°€μž₯ λ‚˜μœ 행동이 λ¬΄μ—‡μΌκΉŒμš”?
00:12
The answer is tough to hear
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정닡을 λ“€μœΌλ©΄ 받아듀이기 νž˜λ“€κ³  λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ λ’·κ±ΈμŒμΉ  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:14
and many people recoil from it
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00:15
because it conflicts with some of our most cherished beliefs.
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ°€μž₯ ꡳ게 λ―ΏλŠ” 것과 λͺ¨μˆœλ˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ£ .
00:21
Farming.
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λ°”λ‘œ λ†μ—…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:23
Farming is the greatest cause of habitat destruction,
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농업은 μ„œμ‹μ§€ 파괴의 κ°€μž₯ 큰 원인이며
00:27
the greatest cause of wildlife loss,
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야생 훼손과 λ©Έμ’…μ˜ μ£Όμš” μ›μΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:29
the world's greatest cause of extinction.
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00:32
It's caused roughly 80 percent of the deforestation this century.
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이번 세기에 ν›Όμ†λœ μ‚Όλ¦Ό 쀑 μ•½ 80%λŠ” 농업이 μ›μΈμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
Only 29 percent of the weight of birds on Earth
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지ꡬ에 μ‘΄μž¬ν•˜λŠ” μ‘°λ₯˜ 쀑 무게둜 단지 29νΌμ„ΌνŠΈλ§Œμ΄
μ•Όμƒμ’…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:44
consists of wild species.
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00:46
And the rest are poultry.
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λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€λŠ” λͺ¨λ‘ κ°€κΈˆλ₯˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:49
Just four percent of mammals, by weight, are wild.
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포유λ₯˜μ—μ„œ 야생쒅은 무게둜 4νΌμ„ΌνŠΈμ— λΆˆκ³Όν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
36 percent is accounted for by humans,
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36νΌμ„ΌνŠΈλŠ” 인λ₯˜μ΄λ©°
00:56
and farmed animals make up the remaining 60 percent.
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λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ 60νΌμ„ΌνŠΈλŠ” κ°€μΆ•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
Yes, look, we all need food and we all need farming.
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μ‚¬λžŒμ€ μ‹λŸ‰μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•˜κ³  농업이 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:07
But that shouldn't blind us to the fact
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€κ³  ν•΄μ„œ 이걸 λͺ» λ³Έ 체할 μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:09
that it's also among the world's foremost causes of climate breakdown,
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κΈ°ν›„ 뢕괴와 수질 μ˜€μ—Ό, λŒ€κΈ° μ˜€μ—Όμ—
κ°€μž₯ 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” μš”μΈμ€ λ†μ—…μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:13
of water pollution, of air pollution.
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01:16
But, perhaps most importantly,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 사싀은
01:19
it's the foremost cause of land use.
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μš©μ§€μ˜ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ΄ λ†κ²½μ§€λ‘œ μ“°μΈλ‹€λŠ” 것이죠.
01:24
Now I've come to see land
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ν™˜κ²½ λ¬Έμ œμ—μ„œλŠ” 땅이 κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ λΆ€λΆ„μœΌλ‘œ
01:25
as perhaps the most important of all environmental questions.
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지λͺ©λ  수 μžˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:31
Every acre of land that we use for our own purposes
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μ‹λŸ‰μ„ μœ„ν•΄ μ‚¬μš©λ˜λŠ” 땅은
01:35
is an acre that can't support wild ecosystems,
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야생 μƒνƒœκ³„λ₯Ό μ „ν˜€ κ³ λ €ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ°
01:38
such as forests and wetlands and savannahs,
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μˆ²μ΄λ‚˜ μŠ΅μ§€, λŒ€μ΄ˆμ›μ€
01:41
on which the great majority of the world's species depend.
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지ꡬ에 μ‚¬λŠ” μ’…μ˜ λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜κ°€ μ‚¬λŠ” μ§€μ—­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:45
It's our use of land which, above all,
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무엇보닀도 더 λ†κ²½μ§€λŠ”
01:49
is driving the sixth great extinction of species.
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μ—¬μ„― 번째 λŒ€λ©Έμ’…μ„ 뢈러였고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:56
Now, there are some thrilling and world-changing solutions
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이런 μœ„κΈ°λ“€μ— λŒ€ν•œ,
ν₯λΆ„λ˜κ³  획기적인 해결책듀이 μžˆλŠ”λ°
02:00
to these great crises,
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02:02
and I'll be coming to those in just a minute.
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이에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 곧 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
I mean, some of them are mind-blowing
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μ–΄λ–€ 것듀은 μ•„μ£Ό 획기적인 방법이며
02:06
and have the potential to solve several problems at the same time.
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μ—¬λŸ¬ 가지 문제λ₯Ό ν•œ λ²ˆμ— λ°”λ‘œμž‘μ„ μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:11
But in order to understand them and the need for them,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ ν•΄κ²°μ±…κ³Ό κ·Έ ν•„μš”μ„±μ„ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ €λ©΄
02:14
first, we need to understand the scope and direction
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μ „ 세계 μ‹λŸ‰ μ²΄κ³„μ˜ λ²”μœ„μ™€ λ°©ν–₯을
02:19
of the global food system.
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λ¨Όμ € νŒŒμ•…ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:22
We rail against urban sprawl, and rightly so.
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λ¬Έμ–΄λ°œμ²˜λŸΌ 뻗은 λ„μ‹œλŠ” λΉ„νŒ λ°›μ•„ λ§ˆλ•…ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
02:27
But all our homes and businesses and infrastructure
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μ£Όκ±°μ§€λ‚˜ κΈ°μ—…, 기반 μ‹œμ„€μ΄ μ°¨μ§€ν•˜λŠ” 면적은
02:31
occupy just one percent of the planet's land.
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μ§€ν‘œλ©΄μ˜ 1νΌμ„ΌνŠΈμ— μ§€λ‚˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:36
Agricultural sprawl is a far greater ecological threat.
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λ¬΄μ°¨λ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚œ 농경지가 ν™˜κ²½μ— 훨씬 더 큰 μœ„ν˜‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:41
Farming occupies 38 percent of the planet's land.
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λ†κ²½μ§€λŠ” μœ‘μ§€μ—μ„œ 38νΌμ„ΌνŠΈλ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:45
Most of the rest, incidentally, is protected areas,
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μš°μ—°νžˆλ„ λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ λ•…μ˜ λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ€ 보호 μ§€μ—­μ΄κ±°λ‚˜
02:48
forests, deserts, ice and mountains.
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숲, 사막, 극지, 산지이죠.
02:53
So we have this vast amount of land being occupied.
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ μœ‘μ§€μ˜ κ΄‘ν™œν•œ 뢀뢄을 μ“°κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:58
A lot of people complain about intensive farming
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ΄ 집약 농업과
집약 농업이 μ‚¬λžŒκ³Ό 지ꡬ에 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” μœ„ν•΄μ„±μ„ λΉ„λ‚œν–ˆμœΌλ©°
03:03
and the harm that it does to us and our world,
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03:05
and this harm is real.
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ν—ˆνˆ¬λ£¨ ν•œ 말이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:07
But so is the harm caused by extensive farming,
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그런데 집약 농업이 λ―ΈμΉ˜λŠ” μœ„ν•΄μ„±μ΄λž€
03:11
which means using more land to produce a given amount of food.
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μΌμ •λŸ‰μ˜ μ‹λŸ‰μ„ μƒμ‚°ν•˜λ €κ³  더 λ§Žμ€ 땅을 μ“΄λ‹€λŠ” 것이죠.
03:16
Now, I know some of you will find this a shocking statement,
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좩격적인 λ‚΄μš©μ˜ λ³΄κ³ μ„œλ₯Ό 확인할 수 μžˆμ„ ν…λ°μš”,
03:19
but the most damaging of all farm products is pasture-fed meat,
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전체 농산물 쀑 κ°€μž₯ 큰 μœ„ν•΄λ₯Ό λΌμΉ˜λŠ” μš”μ†ŒλŠ”
λ°©λͺ©ν•˜μ—¬ μƒμ‚°ν•˜λŠ” 윑λ₯˜μ΄κ³ 
03:25
and that's because of the agricultural sprawl it causes.
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λ°©λͺ©μœΌλ‘œ μΈν•œ λ†κ²½μ§€μ˜ 무차별적 ν™•μž₯이 μœ„ν•΄μ˜ μ›μΈμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:28
You remember that 38 percent of land used by farming?
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μ•žμ„œμ„œ λ•…μ˜ 38νΌμ„ΌνŠΈκ°€ λ†κ²½μ§€λ‘œ 쓰인닀고 λ§μ”€λ“œλ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:33
Well, only 12 percent of the land is covered by crops.
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그쀑 였직 12νΌμ„ΌνŠΈλ§Œ 곑물 μž¬λ°°μ— 쓰이죠.
03:37
The remaining 26 percent is used for pasture,
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λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ 26νΌμ„ΌνŠΈλŠ” λͺ©μ΄ˆμ§€λ‘œ 쓰이며
03:41
mostly for cattle, sheep and goats.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„ μ†Œλ‚˜ μ–‘, μ—Όμ†Œλ₯Ό ν‚€μ›λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
Our environmental crisis is not driven by intensive farming
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ν™˜κ²½ μœ„κΈ°κ°€ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ”
집약 λ†μ—…μ΄λ‚˜ 쑰방농업이 μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
03:52
or by extensive farming,
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03:54
but by a disastrous combination of the two.
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κ·Έ λ‘˜μ΄ λ³΅ν•©μ μœΌλ‘œ μ–½ν˜”κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:59
The problem is not the adjective --
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μ•žμ— 뢙은 μˆ˜μ‹μ–΄κ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
04:02
it's the noun.
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농업에 λ¬Έμ œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:04
Farming itself is threatened
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λ†μ—…μœΌλ‘œ λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” ν™˜κ²½ ν›Όμ†μœΌλ‘œ 인해
04:07
by the environmental harm that it's contributed to,
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농업 μžμ²΄κ°€ μœ„ν˜‘μ„ λ°›κ²Œ λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:11
such as climate breakdown and soil depletion
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κΈ°ν›„ λΆ•κ΄΄λ‚˜ ν† μ–‘ 고갈, λ¬Ό λΆ€μ‘± 등이 κ·Έ μ˜ˆμ‹œμ£ .
04:14
and the exhaustion of water supplies.
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04:17
But there could be an even greater threat to our food supplies.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ‹λŸ‰ 곡급에 더 큰 영ν–₯을 λ―ΈμΉ  수 μžˆλŠ” 것이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:23
It's possible to see the biggest threat that the global food system faces
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ꡭ제 μ‹λŸ‰ 체계가 λ§ˆμ£Όν•œ κ°€μž₯ 큰 λ¬Έμ œλŠ”
04:29
as the global food system.
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ꡭ제 μ‹λŸ‰ 체계라고 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:32
It's beginning to look a bit like the global financial system
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2008년이 λ‹€κ°€μ˜€λ©΄μ„œ ꡭ제 μ‹λŸ‰ μ²΄κ³„λŠ”
04:36
in the approach to 2008.
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ꡭ제 금육 μ²΄κ³„μ²˜λŸΌ 보이기 μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:39
Now for a long time, we thought we were beating hunger.
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μ˜€λž˜μ „μ— κΈ°μ•„λ₯Ό μ •λ³΅ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:43
Between the 1960s and 2014, hunger was declining fairly steadily.
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1960λ…„λŒ€λΆ€ν„° 2014λ…„κΉŒμ§€ κΈ°μ•„λŠ” κ½€ κΎΈμ€€νžˆ κ°μ†Œν–ˆμ£ .
04:49
But then, in 2015, the trend began to turn,
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 2015년에
μΆ”μ„Έκ°€ λ°”λ€Œμ–΄ λ§Œμ„± μ˜μ–‘μ‹€μ‘°λ₯Ό μ•“λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ μ¦κ°€ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆκ³ 
04:54
and the number of chronically malnourished people began rising
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04:57
and has continued to rise ever since.
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κ·Έ ν›„ 계속 μ¦κ°€ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
λ―ΏκΈ° μ–΄λ ΅κ²Œλ„ μ„Έκ³„μ μœΌλ‘œ μ‹λŸ‰ 가격이 ν•˜λ½ν•˜λŠ” 쀑에
05:02
Astoundingly, that rise began just as world food prices were falling.
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κ·Έ λΉ„μœ¨μ΄ μ¦κ°€ν•˜κΈ° μ‹œμž‘ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:09
So what's going on?
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무슨 μΌμΌκΉŒμš”?
05:11
Well, the world food system, like global finance,
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ꡭ제 μ‹λŸ‰ μ²΄κ³„λŠ” ꡭ제 금육처럼 λ³΅μž‘ν•œ 체계이며
05:14
is a complex system,
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05:15
and complex systems behave in counterintuitive ways.
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λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ²΄κ³„λŠ” 직관과 λ°˜λŒ€λ‘œ μ›€μ§μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:20
They're resilient under certain conditions,
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λ³΅μž‘ν•œ μ²΄κ³„λŠ” νŠΉμ • μ‘°κ±΄μ—μ„œ 회볡 탄λ ₯성을 λ³΄μ΄λŠ”λ°
05:23
because there’s weird self-organizing dynamics [to] stabilize them.
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νŠΉμ΄ν•œ 자기 쑰직 역학이 μž‘μš©ν•΄ μ•ˆμ •ν™”λ˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:29
But if they're pushed by an extreme amount of stress,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ μŠ€νŠΈλ ˆμŠ€κ°€ λ„ˆλ¬΄ 크면
05:33
then those same self-organizing dynamics
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λ˜‘κ°™μ€ 자기 쑰직 역학이
05:36
can start transmitting shocks across the network.
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좩격을 망 μ „λ°˜μ— 걸쳐 퍼트리기 μ‹œμž‘ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:39
And beyond a certain point,
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κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ νŠΉμ •ν•œ 지점을 λ„˜κ²Œ 되면
05:42
they can tip the whole network past its critical threshold,
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망 전체가 μž„κ³„μ μ„ μ΄ˆκ³Όν•˜κ²Œ λ˜μ–΄
05:48
whereupon the system collapses, suddenly and unstoppably.
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체계가 κΈ‰κ²©νžˆ λΆ•κ΄΄ν•˜κ³  멈좜 수 μ—†κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:54
Now over the past few years,
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μ§€λ‚œ μˆ˜λ…„κ°„ μ²΄κ³„μ˜ 회볡 탄λ ₯성에 μ€‘μš”ν•œ μš”μ†ŒμΈ
05:55
the crucial elements of systemic resilience
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05:59
that we call redundancy, modularity, circuit breakers and backup systems
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닀쀑성과 λͺ¨λ“ˆμ„±, μ„œν‚· 브레이컀, μ˜ˆλΉ„ μ‹œμŠ€ν…œμ΄
06:05
have been stripped out by corporate strategies.
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κΈ°μ—… μ „λž΅μƒ μ œκ±°λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:09
On one estimate, just four companies now control
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μ–΄λ–€ μΆ”μ‚°μ—μ„œλŠ” κΈ°μ—… 단 λ„€ 곳이
06:12
90 percent of the global grain trade.
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ꡭ제 곑물 λ¬΄μ—­μ˜ 90%λ₯Ό μ°¨μ§€ν•œλ‹€κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:16
Only four crops, which are wheat, rice, corn and soy,
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4가지 곑물, 즉, λ°€κ³Ό μŒ€, μ˜₯수수, 콩만으둜
06:23
account for almost 60 percent of the calories that farmers produce.
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λ†μ—…μ—μ„œ μƒμ‚°ν•œ μ—΄λŸ‰μ˜ 거의 60%에 이λ₯΄λŠ”데
06:28
And the production for export of those crops
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 수좜용 곑물 생산은
06:32
has become highly concentrated in a handful of nations,
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λŸ¬μ‹œμ•„λ‚˜ μš°ν¬λΌμ΄λ‚˜λ₯Ό λΉ„λ‘―ν•œ λͺ‡λͺ‡ ꡭ가에
06:35
including Russia and Ukraine.
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맀우 μ§‘μ€‘λ˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:38
Nations have polarized into superexporters and superimporters,
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λŒ€λŸ‰ μˆ˜μž…κ΅­ λ˜λŠ” λŒ€λŸ‰ 수좜ꡭ으둜 ꡭ가듀은 κ·Ήλ‹¨μ μœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜λ‰˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©°
06:44
and much of this trade passes through vulnerable choke points,
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μˆ˜μ†‘λ‘œλŠ” 병λͺ© 지역을 μ§€λ‚˜κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:48
such as the Turkish Straits
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νŠ€λ₯΄ν‚€μ˜ˆ ν•΄ν˜‘κ³Ό μˆ˜μ—μ¦ˆ μš΄ν•˜, νŒŒλ‚˜λ§ˆ μš΄ν•˜ 같은 곳듀이죠.
06:50
and the Suez and Panama Canals.
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06:53
Had the blockage of the Suez Canal in 2021 --
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2021년에 μˆ˜μ—μ¦ˆ μš΄ν•˜κ°€ μ°¨λ‹¨λœ 적이 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:57
by that giant container ship, you remember that --
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μ•„μ‹œλ‹€μ‹œν”Ό μ»€λ‹€λž€ 화물선이 μ›μΈμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
07:00
had that coincided with the closure of the Turkish Straits in 2022
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λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ νŠ€λ₯΄ν‚€μ˜ˆ ν•΄ν˜‘μ΄ νμ‡„λ˜μ—ˆλŠ”λ°
2022λ…„ μš°ν¬λΌμ΄λ‚˜ μ „μŸ λ•Œλ¬Έμ΄μ—ˆμ£ .
07:06
by the war in Ukraine,
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07:08
then the food chain for hundreds of millions of people
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이둜 인해 μˆ˜μ–΅ λͺ…을 λ¨Ήμ—¬ μ‚΄λ¦¬λŠ” μ‹λŸ‰ 곡급망이 λŠκ²ΌμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:12
might have snapped.
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07:14
The reason why hunger is rising seems to be that,
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κΈ°μ•„κ°€ λŠ˜μ–΄λ‚˜λŠ” μ΄μœ λŠ”
μ‹λŸ‰ 체계가 회볡 탄λ ₯성을 μžƒμ€ 탓에
07:20
as the food system has lost its resilience,
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07:23
more and more contagious shocks are being transmitted across it.
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좩격이 체계 μ „λ°˜μ— 걸쳐 점점 더 많이 μ „λ‹¬λ˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬ΈμΈ 것 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:28
Now, we in the rich nations,
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λΆ€μœ ν•œ λ‚˜λΌμ— μ‚¬λŠ” μš°λ¦¬λ“€μ€ 투기적 μˆ˜μš”μ˜ κΈ‰μ¦μ΄λ‚˜
07:30
we scarcely noticed the shocks being caused by speculative surges
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수좜 κΈˆμ§€, 병λͺ© ν˜„μƒ λ“±μœΌλ‘œ μ•ΌκΈ°λ˜λŠ”
07:35
and export bans and bottlenecking and other issues like that,
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이런 좩격을 거의 λŠλΌμ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:39
until 2020, when COVID began to make us more aware
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2020λ…„, μ½”λ‘œλ‚˜19κ°€ μœ ν–‰ν•˜λ©΄μ„œ
마주친 문제λ₯Ό κΉ¨λ‹«κΈ° μ „κΉŒμ§€λŠ” κ·Έλž¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:44
of some of the issues we were facing.
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07:46
But those shocks, for years, have been hitting the poorer nations
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 좩격은 λΉˆκ³€ν•œ λ‚˜λΌμ—μ„œ μˆ˜λ…„κ°„ λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 되고 있으며
07:49
with weak currencies,
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이 λ‚˜λΌλ“€μ€ 톡화가 μ•½ν•˜κ³  μ‹λŸ‰ μ²΄κ³„μ˜ 끝에 μ„œ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:51
which stand at the end of the queue.
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07:53
And what they saw is that local food prices can surge
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ꡭ제 μ‹λŸ‰ λ¬Όκ°€κ°€ μ €λ ΄ν•œ λ•Œμ—λ„
07:57
even as global prices remain low.
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λΉˆκ³€κ΅­μ—μ„œλŠ” μ‹λŸ‰ λ¬Όκ°€κ°€ μΉ˜μ†Ÿμ„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:01
Now, these problems are likely only to become worse
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체계가 λΆˆμ•ˆμ •ν•΄μ§€κ³  μž„κ³„μ μ— 도달함에 따라
08:04
as the system becomes less stable
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08:06
and is possibly approaching a critical threshold.
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λ¬Έμ œλŠ” 단지 μ•…ν™”λ˜κΈ°κ°€ μ‰¬μšΈ λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:11
Governments prevented the banks from collapsing
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μ •λΆ€μ—μ„œλŠ” μ€ν–‰μ˜ νŒŒμ‚°μ„ 막기 μœ„ν•΄
08:15
by bailing them out with future money.
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미래의 μžμ‚°μœΌλ‘œ κΈ΄κΈ‰ κ΅¬μ œμ— λ‚˜μ„°μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:17
But you can't bail out the food system with future food.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 미래의 μ‹λŸ‰μœΌλ‘œ μ‹λŸ‰ 체계λ₯Ό κ΅¬μ œν•  μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μ£ .
08:23
So we face two enormous issues here.
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우리 μ•žμ—λŠ” λ¬Έμ œκ°€ 두 가지 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
One, the environmental harm caused by the food system,
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μ²«μ§ΈλŠ” μ‹λŸ‰ μ²΄κ³„λ‘œ 인해 ν›Όμ†λ˜λŠ” ν™˜κ²½ 문제이며
08:31
and secondly, the possibility that the system itself could collapse.
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λ‘˜μ§ΈλŠ” 체계 자체의 λΆ•κ΄΄ κ°€λŠ₯μ„± λ¬Έμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:37
Might there be a solution,
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해결책이 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”? 두 문제λ₯Ό λ™μ‹œμ— ν•΄κ²°ν•  방법이?
08:39
a solution to both these problems?
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08:42
Can we find a way of feeding the world without devouring the planet?
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지ꡬλ₯Ό ν›Όμ†ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³  세상을 먹일 방법이 μžˆμ„κΉŒμš”?
08:49
Well, there are some fascinating new techniques for growing crops
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곑물을 κΈ°λ₯΄λŠ” 맀λ ₯적인 μƒˆ κΈ°μˆ λ“€μ΄
08:53
being developed by farmers and scientists.
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농업인과 κ³Όν•™μžλ“€ μ†μ—μ„œ κ°œλ°œλμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:55
I'm especially interested in the potential of perennial grain crops,
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μ €λŠ” 닀년생 곑물에 특히 관심이 κ°€λŠ”λ°
09:01
which are being developed in particular by The Land Institute in Salina, Kansas.
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이 κΈ°μˆ μ€ μΊ”μžμŠ€ μ‚΄λ¦¬λ‚˜μ˜ λžœλ“œ μ—°κ΅¬μ†Œμ—μ„œ 개발 쀑이죠.
09:08
If we can grow grain on plants that stay in the soil from year to year,
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μ—¬λŸ¬ 해에 κ±Έμ³μ„œ 계속 μžλΌλŠ” 닀년생 곑물을 μž¬λ°°ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
09:14
we can greatly reduce the damage to the soil caused by plowing
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λ°­κ°ˆμ΄μ™€ μ‚΄μΆ©μ œ, 제초제, λΉ„λ£Œ λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” 피해와
09:18
and the amount of pesticides, herbicides, fertilizers,
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곑물을 μƒˆλ‘œ ν‚€μš°κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ κ΄€κ°œ μ„€λΉ„μ—μ„œ
09:22
irrigation required to establish new crops.
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λ°œμƒν•˜λŠ” ν”Όν•΄λ₯Ό 크게 쀄일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:26
Other farmers are finding really amazing ways
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 농업인듀은 λΉ„λ£Œλ‚˜ 거름을 쓰지 μ•Šκ³ 
09:30
of boosting their yields without using either fertilizers or manure.
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μƒμ‚°λŸ‰μ„ λŠ˜λ¦¬λŠ” λ†€λΌμš΄ 방법을 μ°Ύκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:35
Crucial as all these developments are,
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μ΄λ ‡κ²Œ κ°œλ°œν•œ 방법듀이 μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
09:38
they can only be partial solutions to the issues we face.
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λ‹Ήλ©΄ν•œ 문제의 μΌλΆ€λ§Œ ν•΄κ²°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” λ°©λ²•μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:43
Because perhaps our most urgent task
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μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ κ°€μž₯ μ‹œκΈ‰ν•œ κ³Όμ œλŠ”
09:46
is replacing the protein-rich and fat-rich foods
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λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆ λ˜λŠ” 지방이 ν’λΆ€ν•œ μ‹λŸ‰μ„ λŒ€μ²΄ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:50
that we currently obtain from animals
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ν˜„μž¬λ‘œμ„œλŠ” λ™λ¬Όμ΄λ‚˜
09:52
and from crops like soy and oil palm.
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콩과 μ•Όμžλ‚˜λ¬΄ 같은 λ†μž‘λ¬Όμ—μ„œ μ–»λŠ” 것듀이죠.
λ†μ—…μ˜ κ°€μž₯ 큰 문제점이
09:57
If the biggest problem that farming is causing
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10:00
is the amount of land it uses,
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λ†κ²½μ§€μ˜ 크기라면
10:02
then perhaps the biggest environmental solution
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ν™˜κ²½ 문제λ₯Ό ν•΄κ²°ν•˜λŠ” κ°€μž₯ 쒋은 방법은
10:06
is shifting food production off the land and into the factory.
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μ‹λŸ‰μ„ 토지가 μ•„λ‹Œ 곡μž₯μ—μ„œ μƒμ‚°ν•˜λŠ” 것일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:12
Now, I realize that's another shocking statement.
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이것도 λ†€λΌμš΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:15
Many people hate the idea of food being produced in factories,
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λ§Žμ€ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ 곡μž₯μ—μ„œ μž¬λ°°ν•œ μ‹ν’ˆμ„ μ‹«μ–΄ν•˜λ”κ΅°μš”.
10:19
forgetting, somewhat, that almost all the food we eat
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λ¨ΉλŠ” μŒμ‹ 거의 λͺ¨λ‘κ°€ 생산 κ³Όμ • 쀑에
10:22
passes through a factory at some point in its production.
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곡μž₯을 κ±°μΉœλ‹€λŠ” κ±Έ μžŠμ—ˆλ‚˜ λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:26
In fact, the great majority of the animals we eat are factory farmed.
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사싀 μ‹μš© λ™λ¬Όμ˜ λŒ€λ‹€μˆ˜κ°€ 곡μž₯μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μœ‘λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:32
Well, in Helsinki, Finland, I visited a company called Solar Foods,
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ν•€λž€λ“œμ˜ 헬싱킀에 μžˆλŠ” μ†”λΌν‘Έμ¦ˆλΌλŠ” νšŒμ‚¬λ₯Ό λ°©λ¬Έν•œ 적이 μžˆλŠ”λ°
10:37
which is using a technique called precision fermentation
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μ •λ°€ λ°œνš¨λΌλŠ” κΈ°μˆ μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬
10:41
to create a protein-rich flour
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μˆ˜μ†Œλ₯Ό λ¨ΉλŠ” ν† μ–‘ λ°•ν…Œλ¦¬μ•„λ‘œ
10:45
from a soil bacterium that eats hydrogen.
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λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ΄ ν’λΆ€ν•œ 밀가루λ₯Ό μ œμ‘°ν•˜λŠ” νšŒμ‚¬μ˜€μ£ .
10:49
It requires no farm products at all.
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농산물은 μ „ν˜€ ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:53
I was the first person outside the lab to eat a pancake made from this flour.
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μ‹€ν—˜μ‹€ λ°–μ—μ„œ μ œκ°€ 처음으둜
이 λ°€κ°€λ£¨λ‘œ λ§Œλ“  νŒ¬μΌ€μ΄ν¬λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ–΄λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:59
A small flip for man.
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μΈκ°„μ—κ²ŒλŠ” μž‘μ€ λ°œκ±ΈμŒμ΄μ—ˆμ£ . (μ›ƒμŒ)
11:00
(Laughter)
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11:01
Amazingly, this pancake tasted just like a pancake.
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λ†€λžκ²Œλ„ 이 νŒ¬μΌ€μ΄ν¬λŠ” νŒ¬μΌ€μ΄ν¬ 같은 맛이 λ‚¬λ‹΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:05
Rich and mellow and filling.
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ν’λΆ€ν•˜κ³  λΆ€λ“œλŸ¬μš΄ 맛에 포만감이 μžˆμ—ˆμ£ .
11:08
But this isn't just about making pancakes.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 겨우 νŒ¬μΌ€μ΄ν¬λ‘œ λλ‚˜λŠ” 이야기가 μ•„λ‹ˆμ£ .
11:11
These flours, which have a protein content of about 65 percent,
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λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆ ν•¨λŸ‰μ΄ 65 νΌμ„ΌνŠΈμΈ 이 λ°€κ°€λ£¨λ‘œ
11:16
could form the basis of much better alternatives --
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훨씬 ν›Œλ₯­ν•˜κ³  μ €λ ΄ν•˜λ©° 건강에 쒋은 λŒ€μ•ˆμ„
11:20
cheaper alternatives, healthier alternatives -- to the animal products
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μ œμ‹œν•  수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
μ§€κΈˆ λ¨ΉλŠ” μΆ•μ‚°λ¬Όμ΄λ‚˜
11:24
and some of the plants, like soy and coconut and oil palm,
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콩, μ½”μ½”λ„›, μ•Όμžλ‚˜λ¬΄ λ“± 농산물보닀 훨씬 쒋은 λŒ€μ•ˆμΌ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:28
that we currently eat.
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11:29
In fact, they could trigger a whole new cuisine,
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사싀 μ „μ—λŠ” μ—†λ˜ μš”λ¦¬λ²•μ„ μƒˆλ‘­κ²Œ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄ λ‚Ό μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλŠ”λ°
11:33
a shift as profound as the neolithic revolution.
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그러면 신석기 혁λͺ…에 λ²„κΈˆκ°€λŠ” μ—„μ²­λ‚œ λ³€ν™”κ² μ£ .
11:37
Most importantly,
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κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 뢀뢄은
11:39
they require just a tiny fraction of the land
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λ†μž‘λ¬Όμ΄λ‚˜ 동물을 κΈ°λ₯Ό λ•Œ
11:42
and a tiny amount of the water and fertilizer
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땅이 거의 ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šκ³ 
11:45
needed to raise either crops or animals.
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λ¬Όμ΄λ‚˜ λΉ„λ£Œλ„ 거의 ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šλ‹€λŠ” 점이죠.
11:49
And this is why I see precision fermentation
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이런 이유 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ •λ°€ λ°œνš¨κ°€
11:52
as perhaps the most important environmental technology ever developed.
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μ§€κΈˆκ» κ°œλ°œν•œ ν™˜κ²½ 기술 쀑
κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 것이라고 μƒκ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:58
It could be all that stands between us and environmental collapse.
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ν™˜κ²½ 파괴λ₯Ό 막기 μœ„ν•΄ ν•„μš”ν•œ μ „λΆ€κ°€ 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:04
Precision fermentation is a refined form of brewing,
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μ •λ°€ λ°œνš¨λŠ” μ–‘μ‘°λ₯Ό κ°œμ„ ν•œ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ
12:08
which was first developed by NASA in the 1960s.
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λ‚˜μ‚¬μ—μ„œ 1960λ…„λŒ€μ— 처음 κ°œλ°œν•œ κΈ°μˆ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:12
But it's not rocket science.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ–΄λ§ˆμ–΄λ§ˆν•œ 과학은 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:13
It actually requires no major technological breakthrough.
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사싀 ν˜μ‹ μ μΈ 기술이 ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€λ„ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:17
The bacteria being multiplied by Solar Foods
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μ†”λΌν‘Έμ¦ˆμ—μ„œλŠ” μ„Έκ·  증식에 μˆ˜μ†Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”λ°
12:21
use hydrogen in similar ways to how plants use sunlight.
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식물이 νƒœμ–‘κ΄‘μ„ μ²˜λ¦¬ν•˜λŠ” 방식과 μœ μ‚¬ν•˜μ£ .
12:27
But this process, powered ultimately by solar energy --
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이 방식도 κ²°κ΅­μ—λŠ” νƒœμ–‘ μ—λ„ˆμ§€κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜μ£ .
12:30
using the electricity to make the hydrogen --
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μˆ˜μ†Œλ₯Ό λ§Œλ“€λ €λ©΄ μ „κΈ°λ₯Ό 써야 ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ
12:33
is far more efficient than photosynthesis.
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κ΄‘ν•©μ„±λ³΄λ‹€λŠ” 훨씬 νš¨μœ¨μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:37
Are you horrified by the idea of eating bacteria?
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세균을 λ¨Ήμ–΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 말에 μ„¬μ°Ÿν–ˆλ‚˜μš”?
12:40
(Laughs)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
12:41
I'm sure some of you are.
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λΆ„λͺ… κ·Έλž¬μ„ κ±°μ˜ˆμš”.
12:43
Well, if so, I've got bad news for you.
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그런 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ—κ²Œ λ‚˜μœ μ†Œμ‹μ΄ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:45
You eat them with every meal.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ 세균을 λΌλ‹ˆλ§ˆλ‹€ λ¨ΉμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:47
In fact, some of our food, like cheese and yogurt,
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λ¨ΉλŠ” μŒμ‹ 쀑 μΉ˜μ¦ˆλ‚˜ μš”κ±°νŠΈλŠ”
12:51
is deliberately inoculated with live bacteria.
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μ‚΄μ•„μžˆλŠ” 세균을 μ μ ˆν•˜κ²Œ μ΄μš©ν•œ μŒμ‹μ΄μ£ .
12:56
If you're still disgusted by the idea of eating microbes,
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미생물을 λ¨ΉλŠ” 일이 아직도 μ—­κ²Ήλ‹€λ©΄
12:59
could I invite you to visit a factory pig or factory chicken farm?
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λΌμ§€λ‚˜ λ‹­ 농μž₯을 λ°©λ¬Έν•΄λ³΄μ‹œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
13:04
And the slaughterhouse,
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μ‚¬μœ‘ν•œ 동물을 μž‘μ•„μ„œ λ„μΆ•ν•˜λŠ” 도좕μž₯은 μ–΄λ–€κ°€μš”?
13:05
which kills and processes the animals that it raises?
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13:10
That's what disgusting looks like.
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이게 μ§„μ§œ μ—­κ²¨μš΄ 것이죠.
13:12
(Laughter)
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(μ›ƒμŒ)
13:14
So we have this extraordinary potential.
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획기적인 κ°€λŠ₯성을 μ§€λ‹Œ 기술이 μ€€λΉ„λμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
ν˜„μž¬λ‘œμ„œλŠ” λ™λ¬Όμ˜ 살코기와
13:19
If we can replace the protein
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13:22
which we currently obtain from the flesh and secretions of animals
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λΆ„λΉ„λ¬Όμ—μ„œ ν™•λ³΄ν•˜λŠ” λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ„
13:27
with protein from single-celled organisms,
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단세포 쑰직으둜 이루어진 λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆλ‘œ λŒ€μ²΄ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λ©΄
13:30
we could release vast tracts of the planet from our impacts,
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κ°€μΆ• μ‚¬μœ‘μ— μ“°λŠ” κ΄‘ν™œν•œ 뢀지λ₯Ό μ€„μ—¬μ„œ
13:35
restoring forests and salt marshes
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숲, μ—ΌμŠ΅μ§€μ™€ λ”λΆˆμ–΄
13:37
and freshwater marshes and mangroves, and steppes and savannahs
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λ‹΄μˆ˜μ„± μŠ΅μ§€, ν™μˆ˜λ¦Ό, μŠ€ν… μ§€λŒ€, λŒ€μ΄ˆμ›κ³Ό
13:42
and kelp forests and seafloors.
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ν•΄μ΄ˆ 숲, ν•΄μ € μƒνƒœκ³„λ₯Ό 볡원할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:46
This great rewilding could stop the sixth great extinction in its tracks.
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λŒ€κ·œλͺ¨ μƒνƒœ λ³΅μ›μœΌλ‘œ μ—¬μ„― 번째 λŒ€λ©Έμ’…μ„ 막을 수 있죠.
13:51
It could save Earth's systems,
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μ§€κ΅¬μ˜ μƒνƒœκ³„λ₯Ό λ³΄ν˜Έν•˜κ³ 
13:53
it could draw down vast amounts of carbon dioxide
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λŒ€κΈ°λ‘œ λ°°μΆœν•˜λŠ” 이산화 νƒ„μ†Œλ₯Ό 쀄일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:57
from the atmosphere.
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13:58
Moreover, it could be the only chance some countries have
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κ²Œλ‹€κ°€ μ›κ±°λ¦¬μ—μ„œ μ˜€λŠ” μˆ˜μΆœμ—λ§Œ μœ„νƒœλ‘­κ²Œ μ˜μ‘΄ν•˜λŠ” κ΅­κ°€λ₯Ό
14:03
of breaking their dangerous dependency on exports from distant places.
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ꡬ원할 μœ μΌν•œ 기회일 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:09
A lot of the countries which are most at risk of mass starvation,
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λ§Žμ€ κ΅­κ°€λŠ” μ‹¬κ°ν•œ κΈ°μ•„λ₯Ό κ²ͺ을 수 μžˆλŠ” μœ„ν—˜μ— λ…ΈμΆœλ˜μ–΄ 있고
14:12
they don't have enough fertile land and water
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λ†μ—…μœΌλ‘œ μ‹λŸ‰μ„ μƒμ‚°ν•˜κΈ°μ—λŠ”
14:15
to produce the food they need from farming,
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λΉ„μ˜₯ν•œ λ•…κ³Ό μš©μˆ˜λ„ λ„‰λ„‰ν•˜μ§€λ„ μ•Šμ£ .
14:19
but they have plenty of something else --
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λΆ€μ‘±ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ 것이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:21
sunlight,
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λ°”λ‘œ 햇빛이죠.
14:23
which is what you need to sustain food production based on hydrogen.
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μˆ˜μ†Œ 기반의 μ‹λŸ‰ 생산을 μ§€μ†ν•˜λ €λ©΄ νƒœμ–‘κ΄‘μ€ ν•„μˆ˜μ μΈ μš”μ†Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:29
Now, these technologies are yet to be fully commercialized,
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 기술이 아직은 μ™„λ²½ν•˜κ²Œ μƒμš©ν™”λ˜μ§„ μ•Šμ•˜μ§€λ§Œ
14:32
but companies like Solar Foods have applied for permission
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μ†”λΌν‘Έμ¦ˆ 같은 기업이 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ œν’ˆμ„
μ‹œμž₯에 선보일 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ ν—ˆκ°€ν•΄ 쀄 것을 μ‹ μ²­ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:36
to release their products onto the market.
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14:39
I hope that when they do,
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κ·Έλ•Œκ°€ 되면
14:42
innovative chefs will step up to design the new diet,
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창의적인 μš”λ¦¬μ‚¬λŠ” μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 기술둜 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 식단을 κ°œλ°œν•˜κ³ 
14:46
the new cuisine that the technology promises.
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전에 μ—†λ˜ μš”λ¦¬λ²•μ„ λ§Œλ“€μ–΄λ‚΄κ² μ£ .
14:50
And I would love to see a microbial brewery in every town,
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그리고 λ™λ„€λ§ˆλ‹€ μ§€μ—­μ˜ μ†Œκ·œλͺ¨ 기업이 μš΄μ˜ν•˜λŠ”
14:55
run by small local companies,
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미생물 μ–‘μ‘°μž₯이 λ“€μ–΄μ„œμ„œ
14:58
producing protein-rich foods tailored to local markets.
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지역 μ‹œμž₯에 맞좰 λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ΄ ν’λΆ€ν•œ μŒμ‹μ„ μ œκ³΅ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:02
For that to happen,
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그러기 μœ„ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ§€κΈˆμ²˜λŸΌ λ‚˜λ¨Έμ§€ μ‹λŸ‰ 곡급망을
15:03
we have to stop the disastrous corporate concentration
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일뢀 κΈ°μ—…μ—λ§Œ μ˜μ‘΄ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ•ˆ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:07
we've seen in the rest of the food chain.
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15:09
Intellectual property rights should be weak,
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지식 μž¬μ‚°κΆŒμ€ μ œν•œλ˜μ–΄μ•Ό ν•˜κ³ 
15:12
and antitrust laws should be strong.
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λ°˜λ…μ λ²•μ€ κ°•ν™”ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:16
We have the possibility here
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ν•œ 가지 μ „λž΅μœΌλ‘œ
15:19
of solving two of our great existential crises
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듀이λ‹₯친 두 가지 큰 μœ„κΈ°λ₯Ό ν•΄μ³λ‚˜κ°ˆ 수 μžˆλŠ”
15:24
with the same strategy.
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κ°€λŠ₯성을 λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:26
By shifting the production of protein-rich food
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λ‹¨λ°±μ§ˆμ΄ ν’λΆ€ν•œ μ‹λŸ‰μ„ μƒμ‚°ν•˜λŠ” μž₯μ†Œλ₯Ό
15:30
off the farm, and into the factory,
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농μž₯이 μ•„λ‹Œ 곡μž₯으둜 λ°”κΎΌλ‹€λ©΄
15:33
we could help solve these great predicaments
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기아와 λ©Έμ’…μ΄λΌλŠ” 큰 문제 해결에
15:38
of hunger and extinction.
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도움이 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:41
Thank you.
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κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:42
(Cheers and applause)
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(ν™˜ν˜Έ)(λ°•μˆ˜)
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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