How carbon capture networks could help curb climate change | Bas Sudmeijer

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2021-01-29 ใƒป TED


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How carbon capture networks could help curb climate change | Bas Sudmeijer

55,109 views ใƒป 2021-01-29

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Transcriber: Leslie Gauthier Reviewer: Camille Martรญnez
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๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Ryu Jin Jeong ๊ฒ€ํ† : ์„ฑ์ค€ ์•ˆ
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ๋˜์–ด ์ฃผ์š” ๋Œ€๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚  ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์ฃผ์ž๋“ค์€
00:13
If you're in charge of a major metropolitan city,
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ํƒ„์†Œ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์„ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•œ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ์ƒํ™œ์—
00:16
it's almost a must these days to be sustainable.
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์ž๋ถ€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
Us city dwellers pride ourselves
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๋ˆ ์•„์ด๋ธŒ์Šจ์ด ๋˜์–ด ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ์•จ๋ฒ„ํƒ€ ๋ถ๋ถ€์˜
00:22
on living in places that are taking action on climate change
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์„์œ ์™€ ๊ฐ€์Šค๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—๋“œ๋จผํ„ด์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
00:26
and achieving net zero.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์„œ์–‘ ๋„ˆ๋จธ ํ™€๋ฆฌ ๋ฉˆ๋น„ ํฌ๋กœํ”„ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด
00:28
But what if you're Don Iveson?
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์˜๊ตญ ์ตœํ›„์˜ ์ œ์ฒ ์†Œ ๋ณธ๊ฑฐ์ง€์ธ ์Šค์ปจ์†Œํ”„์˜ ํ•˜์›์˜์›์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
00:30
You're the mayor of oil and gas town Edmonton, in northern Alberta, Canada.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ž‘๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ฐ์ด๋ธŒ ์Šค๋ฏธ๊ธ€๋ ˆ๋ธŒ์Šคํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด
00:35
Or across the Atlantic,
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00:36
Holly Mumby-Croft,
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์ธ๊ทผ์— ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์—ํƒ„์˜ฌ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์‹œ์„ค์ด ์œ„์น˜ํ•œ
00:38
UK member of parliament for Scunthorpe,
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00:40
home to one of the last steel plants of Britain.
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๋ฏธ๋„ค์†Œํƒ€์˜ ์ž‘์€ ๋„์‹œ์ธ ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋‹› ํด์Šค์˜ ์‹œ์žฅ์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด์š”?
00:42
Or much smaller,
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00:44
you're Dave Smiglewski.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์€ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์™€ ์ƒ๊ด€ ์—†์ด
00:45
You're the mayor of the little city of Granite Falls, Minnesota,
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00:49
with a large-scale ethanol production facility nearby.
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ํฐ ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ํ†ค์˜ ์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ด
00:52
All these places,
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00:54
no matter how far apart and how different in size,
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์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๊ณ ์šฉ ๋ฌธ์ œ์™€ ๋ฐ€์ ‘ํ•œ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ์ด์ฃ .
00:58
have something big in common:
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์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ–์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”
01:00
millions of tons of greenhouse gas emissions
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์ , ์‚ฌํšŒ์  ์ฃผ์š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ๋งŒ
01:03
linked to significant local employment.
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๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”์— ๋งž์„ค ํฌ๋ง์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
And we're going to have to find a way
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01:09
to maintain the critical economic and social functions of these towns
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์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด ํƒœ์–‘์ „์ง€ํŒ์„
01:13
if we're to have any hope of combating climate change.
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๊ฐ€์Šค์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ์‹œ์„ค์ด๋‚˜ ์ œ์ฒ ์†Œ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ฃ .
01:17
Not an easy feat,
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๋‹คํ–‰ํžˆ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋„์‹œ๋“ค์—๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ณตํ†ต์ ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
01:19
if you think that we can't really put a solar panel on a gas processing facility
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์ง€์—ญ ์ •๋ถ€์—๊ฒŒ ํฌ๋ง์ ์ธ ์†Œ์‹์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
or a steel mill.
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01:25
Fortunately, these places have another interesting thing in common,
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ๋“ค ๋‚ด์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์˜ค์—ผ์›์€
์•”์„์ธต๊ณผ ๊ทผ์ ‘ํ•œ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
01:30
which might offer some hope to these local officials.
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์•”์„์ธต์€ ์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ํฌ์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ฑ์งˆ์„ ๋ ๋ฉฐ
01:34
The main sources of pollution in their areas
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์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค๋Š” CO2๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•˜์ฃ .
01:38
are in close proximity to rock formations
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์ด๋กœ์จ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด
01:41
with the ability to trap carbon dioxide,
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์˜ค์—ผ๊ณผ ๊ณ ์šฉ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
the greenhouse gas we often call CO2.
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โ€˜ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ํฌ์ง‘ ๋ฐ ์ €์žฅโ€™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
And this puts into reach a potential solution to both their problems:
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์ด๋Š” CO2๋ฅผ ํฌ์ง‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต์ •์œผ๋กœ
01:52
pollution and employment.
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ํ™”์„์—ฐ๋ฃŒ ์—ฐ์†Œ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ CO2๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€๊ธฐ ์ค‘์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
01:54
It's called "carbon capture and storage."
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์ง€ํ•˜์— ๋งค๋ฆฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
It's the process whereby we capture the CO2,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ƒ ํƒ„์†Œ๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์—์„œ ํ™•๋ณดํ•œ ์ž์›์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๋ฉฐ
02:01
which results from burning fossil fuels,
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02:03
before it's emitted into the atmosphere
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์›๋ž˜ ์ž๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ ค๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
02:05
and instead bury it underground.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:07
Effectively, we take part of what we've extracted from the earth --
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„๊ฐ„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•ด์™”์ฃ .
02:11
the carbon --
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02:12
back to where it came from.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ
02:14
Now, this is not a new idea.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ํฌ์ง‘ ์‹œ์„ค์€ ์†Œ์ˆ˜๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
02:16
People have been experimenting with this technology for decades.
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๋งคํ•ด ์•ฝ 1400๋งŒ ํ†ค ์ƒ๋‹น์˜ CO2๋ฅผ ํฌ์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
Today, however, there are very few operational carbon capture facilities
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๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์–‘์ด ๋งŽ์•„ ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ
02:24
in the world,
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์˜ 0.1 ํผ์„ผํŠธ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
capturing about 14 million tons of CO2 equivalent per year.
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๊ตญ์ œ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด
02:30
And while that may sound like a big number,
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4~7๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ํ†ค์˜ CO2๋ฅผ ํฌ์ง‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
it's less than .1 percent of global greenhouse gas emissions.
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์ฆ‰, 40์–ต~70์–ต ํ†ค์˜ CO2๋ฅผ 2040๋…„๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งค๋…„ ํฌ์ง‘ํ•ด์•ผ
02:37
The International Energy Agency predicts
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02:39
that we need to capture between four and seven gigatons --
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๊ธฐ์˜จ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜จ๋‚œํ™”๋ฅผ ์„ญ์”จ 2๋„ ๋‚ฎ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:43
that's four to seven billion metric tons --
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ํ˜„์žฌ ํฌ์ง‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ์šฉ๋Ÿ‰์˜
02:46
of CO2 per year by 2040
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100~200๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Š” ์–‘์ด์ฃ .
02:48
to stay at or below two degrees Celsius warming.
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์ด๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์˜จ์‹ค๊ฐ€์Šค๋กœ ์ €์ง€๋ฅธ ๊ณตํ•ด์˜ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋ฅผ
02:52
And that's a more than 100 to 200 times increase
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๋ถ„๋ช… ์น˜๋Ÿฌ์•ผ๋งŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:55
in today's carbon capture capacity.
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ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„์šฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์…ˆ์ด์ฃ .
02:58
To get us there will definitely require a price on greenhouse gas pollution.
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ํ˜„๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์ฒ˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹นํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ•ต์‹ฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์—๋งŒ ์˜ค๋กฏ์ด ์˜์กดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
03:04
There is a cost, and it needs to be settled.
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03:07
And if we're not smart about it,
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03:09
the price could be very high.
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์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:12
Should we then solely rely on the future improvements
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CO2 ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ 
03:16
in the fundamental technology?
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์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ณ ์•ˆ๋œ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
No.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ณด์Šคํ„ด ์ปจ์„คํŒ…๊ทธ๋ฃน์—์„œ
03:20
There is another way.
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03:21
And it's the need for well-thought-through rollouts
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์ž๋ฌธ์œ„์›, ๋ถ„์„๊ฐ€, ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ ๊ณผํ•™์ž๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ํŒ€์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋”์ด๋ฉฐ
03:24
of what might be called CO2 networks.
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ํƒ„์†Œ ํฌ์ง‘, ํ™œ์šฉ, ์ €์žฅ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์˜ ๋ฐœ์ „์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
In BCG, I lead a team of consultants,
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03:31
analysts and data scientists
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์ €ํฌ ํŒ€์˜ ์ถ”์ •์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๊ธฐ๊ตฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ธก์— ๋งž์ถ”๋ ค๋ฉด
03:34
whose focus is on advancing carbon capture utilization and storage.
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์ตœ์†Œํ•œ ์•ฝ 145์กฐ ์›์˜ ์ž๊ธˆ์„ ํ–ฅํ›„ 20๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋งค๋…„ ํˆฌ์žํ•ด
03:39
By our estimates,
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ํƒ„์†Œ ํฌ์ง‘ ๋ฐ ์ €์žฅ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
03:40
if we want to hit the IEA forecast,
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03:42
we need at least 110 billion dollars per year for the next 20 years
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๋ง‰๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ ๋„ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
03:48
to build out the required carbon capture and storage infrastructure.
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๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ ๋ถ„๋‹ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
CO2 ํ๊ธฐ๋ฌผ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌ ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ .
03:52
And there's only one way to bring down this essential but hefty price tag,
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์ €ํฌ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ ์‹œ์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š”
03:57
which is to share the cost through networks.
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์ •์ฑ…๊ฒฐ์ •๊ถŒ์ž์™€ ๊ธฐ์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
03:59
Consider it the waste disposal service for CO2.
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์ •๋ง ๋งŽ์€ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:04
Our research suggests that policymakers and companies can learn a lot
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ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์ง€๋„๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
04:09
by looking at a map --
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์ง€ํ‘œ๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜์˜ ๊ณ ๊ฐˆ๋œ ์œ ์ „๊ณผ ๊ฐ€์Šค์ „, ์—ผ๋ฅ˜ ๋Œ€์ˆ˜์ธต์„ ์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ
04:11
lots of maps, actually,
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04:13
both the ones that you and I look at on our smartphones
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CO2๋ฅผ ์ง€ํ•˜์— ๊ฐ€๋‘˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•œ ์ง€๋„๋„ ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:16
as well as the less common ones
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04:18
that show what lies below the surface in terms of depleted oil and gas fields
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ์ฐธ๊ณ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
CO2 ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ง€์™€ ํก์ˆ˜์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ตœ์ ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:22
and saline aquifers with the ability to trap CO2 underground.
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๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ง€๋กœ๋Š” ์Šค์ปจ์†Œํ”„์˜ ์ œ์ฒ ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:27
And by looking at these maps,
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ํก์ˆ˜์ง€๋กœ๋Š” ์•จ๋ฒ„ํƒ€์˜ ์—ผ๋ฅ˜๋Œ€์ˆ˜์ธต์ด ์žˆ์ฃ .
04:29
we can look for the optimal distances between both the sources of emissions,
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์ฒซ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:33
like Scunthorpe's steel plant,
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04:36
and the sinks, like the saline aquifers of Alberta.
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๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ง€๋‚˜ ํก์ˆ˜์ง€ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ›„๋ณด์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
์„ธ๋ถ€ ๋ฐ์ดํ„ฐ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
04:41
We had a first go,
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04:42
and it yields interesting results.
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์ตœ๋Œ€ 200๊ฐœ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์ €๋น„์šฉ ํƒ„์†Œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋กœ
04:45
By building up a detailed database of emitters
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ํ™•์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์ธ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
as well as potential sinks,
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์ด๊ณณ์—์„œ 10์–ต ํ†ค ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์„ ํฌ์ง‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
04:50
we found up to 200 clusters
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๋ชฉํ‘œ์น˜์ธ 40์–ต~70์–ต ํ†ค์— ์„ฑํผ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์„œ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
that have the ability to be scaled up to low-cost carbon networks.
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๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
04:57
And they can capture more than one gigaton of emissions,
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๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ง€์™€ ํก์ˆ˜์ง€ ๊ฐ„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ ์ตœ์ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
a big step to the four to seven gigatons that we need.
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๋น„์šฉ์ ์ธ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ฃ .
05:04
And when we dig a little deeper,
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05:06
we find that optimization of distances between sinks and sources matters.
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๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ํšจ๊ณผ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉฐ
์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์—์„œ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํšจ์šฉ์„ฑ์ด
05:11
It matters a lot in terms of the cost.
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์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž ์ˆ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ์›๋ฆฌ๋กœ
05:14
Network effects,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ง€์—์„œ ํฌ์ง‘, ์ €์žฅ ๋น„์šฉ์„ 1/3๊นŒ์ง€ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
05:15
which is the mechanism whereby the benefits of a system to a user
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ๋น„๊ตํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ CO2 1ํ†ค๋‹น ํฌ์ง‘ ๋น„์šฉ์„
05:19
increases with the amount of others' use of it,
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05:22
can reduce the capture and storage cost of many emitters by up a third,
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์•ฝ 13๋งŒ ์› ๋‚ฎ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•„์ง ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์ด๊ธด ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
ํƒ„์†Œ์„ธ์™€ ํƒ„์†Œ์‹œ์žฅ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
05:27
to below 100 dollars per ton of CO2 captured,
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05:30
based on current costs of technology.
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์„œ๊ตฌ๊ถŒ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ์žฌ์ •๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š”
05:33
And while that is still a substantial cost,
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๋„์ž…์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•ž์„œ ์ฑ„ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
it starts to get in the range of carbon taxes and market mechanisms
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ด์›ƒํ•œ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ง€์—์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
05:39
that governments of Western economies are starting to think about
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๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹คํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
or have already put in place.
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์•ž์„œ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ๋„์‹œ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
And we would not be able to achieve it
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CO2 ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญํ‰๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š”
05:47
without collaboration and sharing of infrastructure
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์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
between neighboring emitters.
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์ฒซ์งธ, ์ €์žฅ๊ณ ์™€์˜ ์ธ์ ‘์„ฑ.
05:52
Let us walk through some of the cities I mentioned.
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๋‘˜์งธ, CO2๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋Ÿ‰ ํ•จ์œ ๋œ ๊ฐ€์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์ถœํ•˜๋Š”
05:55
In assessing areas to build CO2 networks,
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์ง€์—ญ๊ตฐ ๋‚ด ๊ณต๊ธ‰์›์˜ ์กด์žฌ ์—ฌ๋ถ€.
05:58
we look for three different things.
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05:59
Firstly, proximity to storage.
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๋ฐฐ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋‚ด CO2์™€ ํฌ์ง‘ ๋น„์šฉ์€ ๋ฐ˜๋น„๋ก€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
06:02
Secondly, a cluster of at least a few sources
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์…‹์งธ, ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ง€์™€์˜ ์‹ ์†ํ•œ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ํ™•์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
06:05
with high amounts of CO2 in their flue gas;
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๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ถ€.
06:08
the more CO2 in the exhaust,
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06:10
the cheaper it is to capture.
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์—๋“œ๋จผํ„ด๊ณผ ์ฃผ๋ณ€ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ์ด ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
And thirdly, an ability to scale up the network and lower the cost quickly
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CO2๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋‘˜ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ง€ํ•˜ ์•”์„์ธต์ด ํ’๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ
06:17
with few emitters.
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06:19
Edmonton and its surrounding areas provide a good example
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๊ทธ ์–‘์€ ํ•„์š” ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
of this idea at work.
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๋‘˜์งธ, ์…‹์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด ๋˜ํ•œ ๋งŒ์กฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
06:24
Suitable underground rock layers that can trap CO2 are abundant,
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์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฐ์—… ๊ณต์ •์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•œ CO2 ํ๋ฆ„์˜ ๋†๋„ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€
06:28
well exceeding what is needed,
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์ ์ ˆํžˆ ์กฐํ™”๋ฅผ ์ด๋ฃฌ ๊ณณ์ด๋ฉฐ
06:30
and it also meets the second and third criteria
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์ €๋ ดํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ™•์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:33
in that it has a good combination
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06:34
of both high- and low- concentration CO2 streams
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์ง€์—ญ๊ตฐ์—์„œ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ธ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ง€ ์ค‘ 1ํ†ค ๋‹น ํฌ์ง‘ ๋ฐ ์ €์žฅ ๋น„์šฉ์ด
06:37
associated with different industrial processes.
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06:41
And it can scale up to low cost quickly.
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4~5๋งŒ์› ์ •๋„๋กœ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ๊ณณ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ
์—ฐ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ๋Ÿ‰์€ 1.2๋ฉ”๊ฐ€ํ†ค์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
In one of the clusters,
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06:46
we find the number of emitters with very low capture and storage cost
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€์—ญ๊ตฐ ์ „์ฒด๋กœ ๋”ฐ์ง€๋ฉด 12๋ฉ”๊ฐ€ํ†ค์œผ๋กœ ํ™•์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
06:50
in the range of 40 to 50 dollars per ton,
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๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์—ด ๋ฐฐ์— ์ด๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ทœ๋ชจ์ด์ฃ .
06:53
but they only represent 1.2 megatons per year.
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์†Œ๋Ÿ‰์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:57
The total cluster, however, can scale up to 12 megatons --
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๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ 
07:00
up to 10 times its original size.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ง€์—์„œ ๊ฐ์ˆ˜ํ•  ๋น„์šฉ๊ณผ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์ค„์˜€์ฃ .
07:03
But those first megatons of emissions played a crucial role
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๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ํšจ๊ณผ์˜ ํž˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
in scaling up the network
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์—๋“œ๋จผํ„ด๋ฟ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
and reducing the cost and risk for others down the line.
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์˜๊ตญ ๋ง์ปจ์…”์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์Šค์ปจ์†Œํ”„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„
07:13
That's your network effect in action.
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์• ๋“œ๋จผํ„ด๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์—ฟ๋ณด์ด์ฃ .
07:16
And it's not just Edmonton.
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๋ถํ•ด๋Š” ์ €์žฅ์†Œ๋กœ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ
07:18
If we take Scunthorpe in Lincolnshire in the UK,
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CO2๋ฅผ ๋ถํ•ด์˜ ํ•ด์•ˆ์— ์ €์žฅํ•˜๋ฉด ์œก์ง€๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋” ๋“ค์ง€๋งŒ
07:21
we see similar dynamics and potential.
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๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์„์œ , ๊ฐ€์Šค์šฉ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค์„ ์žฌ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:24
The North Sea offers sufficient storage,
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์šฉ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ์ ˆ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
and while storing CO2 offshore is more expensive than onshore,
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์ œ์ฒ ์†Œ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ CO2๋ฅผ ํฌ์ง‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ €์žฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:30
there's the potential to reduce this cost
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07:32
by reusing and repurposing existing oil and gas infrastructure.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ •์ œ ๋ฐ ํ™”ํ•™๋ฌผ์งˆ์„ ๋ถํ•ด๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์ง€์™€
07:37
If the steel mill standalone would have to capture and store its CO2,
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๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถœ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
it would prove very costly.
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๋ณดํ†ต ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ํฌ์ง‘ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋” ์ €๋ ดํ•ด
07:44
But it can reduce this cost by sharing the infrastructure
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๊ฒฝ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
07:47
with refining and chemical emitters en route to the North Sea.
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๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์˜ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋ฅผ 28๋ฉ”๊ฐ€ํ†ค๊นŒ์ง€ ํ‚ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
Many of them have cheaper capture cost
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07:55
with the ability to improve the overall economics
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์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋ก€์—๋Š” 14๋ฉ”๊ฐ€ํ†ค์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•  ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
07:58
and kick-start a network that has the ability to scale up to 28 megatons.
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๊ทธ ์–‘์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ 2๋ฐฐ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:04
Two examples in two different countries with 14 megatons of potential --
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์ด ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์—๋‚˜ ์“ฐ์ด๋Š”๋ฐ
๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•์— ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
already double versus what we have today.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋„ CO2 ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋Š” ์—๋„ˆ์ง€ ๋ฐ ๊ณต๊ณต์‹œ์„ค์„ ์œ„ํ•œ
08:13
And this network effect applies anywhere
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08:16
and is actually not uncommon
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๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์‹œ์„ค ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ์“ฐ์ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ์กด์˜ ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ถฉ์‹คํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:17
when it comes to building out infrastructure.
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08:20
In fact, CO2 networks could very much follow the principles of the past
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์ˆ˜๋„, ๊ฐ€์Šค, ์ „๊ธฐ, ์ง€์—ญ ๊ณต๊ธ‰๋ง ๋“ฑ
08:25
in terms of how our energy and utility infrastructure was developed around us,
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด ๊ทœ๋ชจ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ
์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์—ฐ๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ ์ด์ต์ด ๋  ๋งŒํ•œ ํ•œ๊ณ„ ๋น„์šฉ์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ
08:30
whether it's water, gas, electricity, local supply chains --
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์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๊ตฌ์ถ•๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:34
all these networks apply local economies of scale
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ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
08:37
and were built up over time with favorable, marginal cost
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์ด ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์—๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ํ˜์‹ ์„ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•  ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
of adding new connections.
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08:44
The big difference here is we're reversing the flow.
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๊ฐ€๋ น CO2๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์ถ•์žฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํ™”ํ•™ ๊ณต์ •์— ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ
08:48
And these networks have the potential to enable future innovation
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์ง€ํ•˜์— ๋ฌป๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
08:52
of using CO2 in chemical processes to make, for example, building materials
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์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฒฝ์ œ์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์˜ ๋ถ„์„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ง€์—ญ ๋‚ด ์ง€์ •ํ•™์  ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ฐจ์น˜ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
08:57
instead of burying the CO2 underground.
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09:01
Our analysis is a pure economic one.
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์ ์ ˆํ•œ ๊ทœ์ œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์กฐ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
It does not account for political and local geographical barriers,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋‚ด ์„œ๋กœ ์ธ์ ‘ํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
09:09
but creating a favorable regulatory environment
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๋…ธ์Šค ๋‹ค์ฝ”ํƒ€์—๋Š” ๋„‰๋„‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ €๋ ดํ•œ ์ €์žฅ์†Œ์™€
09:12
and removing these barriers will be critical.
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๊ธฐ์กด์˜ CO2 ํŒŒ์ดํ”„๋ผ์ธ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
09:15
Take these two neighboring states in the US, for example:
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์„ธ๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋Œ€ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์‹œํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
09:18
North Dakota,
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์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ์žฌ์ • ์ง€์›์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ .
09:19
with ample, cheap storage and existing CO2 pipelines,
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๊ทธ ์˜†์˜ ๋ฏธ๋„ค์†Œํƒ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด
์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ ๋‚ด๋กœ ์ €์žฅ์†Œ๋Š” ์—†์–ด๋„
09:24
and the state has put in place tax incentives
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋‹› ํด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ 18๊ณณ์˜ ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์—ํƒ„์˜ฌ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์‹œ์„ค์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
09:26
and financial assistance to use it.
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09:29
Go next door to Minnesota:
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09:31
no storage within several hundred miles,
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CO2 ๋ฐฐ์ถœ์˜ ํ๋ฆ„์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์ง‘์ค‘์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
but home to 18 large-scale ethanol production facilities,
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ํŒŒ๋ž€ ๊ณณ๊ณผ ๋นจ๊ฐ„ ๊ณณ์ด ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ
09:37
including the one in Granite Falls,
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์ด 40๋ฉ”๊ฐ€ํ†ค์˜ ํƒ„์†Œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋กœ ํฌ์ง‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
09:39
all of which create a highly concentrated stream of CO2 emissions.
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ํ๋ฆ„์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ๊ธฐํ›„๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€
09:43
Can the blue and the red state work together to add 40 megatons
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20๋…„๋„ ๋‚จ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
to our carbon capture tally?
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์•„๋งˆ ๋” ์งง๊ฒ ์ฃ .
์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•˜๋˜ ๋„ค๋œ๋ž€๋“œ์™€ ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๊ฐ€์Šค ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋Š”
09:50
We have no more than 20 years to bend the curve
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09:53
and combat climate change --
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2์ฐจ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋Œ€์ „ ์ดํ›„ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์— ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
potentially less.
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09:57
The gas networks in my two home countries of the Netherlands and the UK
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๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ์‹œ์„ค์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์‚ฌ์—…์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ฑ„๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ๋„ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์˜€์ฃ .
10:02
were built in similar time frames after the Second World War --
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋–„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
massive undertakings in infrastructure buildup
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CO2 ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์ด์ฃ .
10:09
and at a time of similar high national debt.
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ํ‰์ƒ ์“ธ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๊ณ 
ํ™”์„ ์—ฐ๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋Œ€์ฒดํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€๋งŒ ์“ฐ๋ฉด ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ
10:13
It's time to build another network,
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10:15
one for CO2.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:17
It does not need to last forever.
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์ง€์—ญ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์กดํ•˜๊ณ 
10:19
It can be there just for the transition away from fossil fuels.
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๋” ์ข‹๊ณ  ์ง€์† ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ผ๋Š” ํฌ๋ง์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
But we need it now to preserve local manufacturing jobs
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CO2 ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ์ •๋ถ€์™€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:28
and our communities
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10:29
and provide a hope for a better and more sustainable future.
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๊ธฐ์—…์—๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์š”์†Œ์ด๋ฉฐ
์ง€์—ญ ๊ทœ๋ชจ์—์„œ ํƒ„์†Œ์˜ ํฌ์ง‘ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ—ค์•„๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
10:34
It is critical that governments,
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ €๋ ดํ•œ CO2 ๊ณต๊ธ‰์›์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
10:36
both local and national,
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10:38
as well as companies,
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๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:39
assess the potential for carbon capture at a local level,
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CO2 ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋งŒ์ด
์—๋“œ๋จผํ„ด, ๊ทธ๋ž˜๋‹› ํด์Šค, ์Šค์ปจ์†Œํ”„๋ฅผ ๋น„๋กฏํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€
10:43
start to capture the cheapest sources of CO2
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10:46
and build up the network from there.
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์ , ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฒˆ์˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
Only in that way can local communities
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10:52
like the ones in Edmonton, Granite Falls, Scunthorpe and beyond
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
thrive both economically and sustainably.
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11:01
Thank you.
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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