How to Design Climate-Resilient Buildings | Alyssa-Amor Gibbons | TED

48,972 views

2023-01-13 ใƒป TED


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How to Design Climate-Resilient Buildings | Alyssa-Amor Gibbons | TED

48,972 views ใƒป 2023-01-13

TED


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: Soo Jin Lee ๊ฒ€ํ† : JY Kang
00:04
As a child growing up in Barbados,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์„ ๋ณด๋‚ธ ๋ฐ”๋ฒ ์ด๋„์Šค์—์„œ๋Š”
00:06
there were two things I can count on every summer:
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๋งค ์—ฌ๋ฆ„๋งˆ๋‹ค ์น˜๋ฅด๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
school break and the hurricane season.
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฐฉํ•™๊ณผ ํƒœํ’์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:14
At some point, we would go through this whole routine
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์–ธ์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ์ธ์ง€ ์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ๊ป˜์„œ๋Š” ๋Š˜
00:18
of duct-taping and all the glass doors in these big X patterns,
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์œ ๋ฆฌ์ฐฝ์— X์ž ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ•์Šค ํ…Œ์ดํ”„๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:22
tightly boarding up all the windows, except for one or two --
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ํ•œ๋‘๊ฐœ ๋นผ๊ณ  ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‹ค ๋ถ™์—ฌ๋†“์œผ์…จ์ฃ .
00:26
so that, as my mother would curiously put it,
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์ด์œ ๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ ๋‘” ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ ๋•๋ถ„์—
00:29
we could let the wind come through.
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์ €ํฐ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:31
And putting buckets in the living room to catch the rain
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๊ฑฐ์‹ค์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋Š” ๋น—๋ฌผ์„ ์–‘๋™์ด๋กœ ๋ฐ›์•„๋‚ด๋ฉด์„œ
00:35
in a futile attempt to stop our house from flooding
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์ง‘์ด ๋– ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์• ์ผ์ง€๋งŒ ํ—›์ˆ˜๊ณ ์˜€์–ด์š”.
00:38
when the roof started to billow and sag in the wind.
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์ง€๋ถ•์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์— ๋‚ด๋ ค์•‰๊ณ  ์ฃผ์ € ์•‰์•˜์ฃ .
00:43
I hated it.
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์•„์ฃผ ์‹ซ์€ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด์—์š”.
00:44
Because I was terrified the entire time,
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์ œ๊ฒ ๊ทธ์ € ๊ณตํฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:48
whether it was a tropical wave,
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์—ด๋Œ€์„ฑ ํŒŒ๋„๊ฑด
00:50
a thunderstorm, a tropical storm
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ํญํ’์šฐ๊ฑด, ์—ด๋Œ€์„ฑ ํญ์šฐ๊ฑด
00:53
or the tail-end of an actual hurricane that barely missed us.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„์‹ ํžˆ ๋น„์ผœ ๊ฐ„ ํƒœํ’์˜ ๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฑด ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
00:58
It was all the same to me.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฌด์„œ์› ์–ด์š”.
01:00
A possible end.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—”
01:02
No light, no water, no electricity,
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๋ถˆ๋„, ๋ฌผ๋„, ์ „๊ธฐ๋„ ๋Š๊ธด ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ
01:06
just a simple battery-operated radio waiting for the "all clear."
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๊ฑด์ „์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ผ์šด ๋ผ๋””์˜ค๊ฐ€ ์ „ํ•˜๋Š” โ€œ๋ณต๊ตฌ ์™„๋ฃŒโ€ ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
01:10
And in my young eyes,
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์ €์—๊ฒ
01:12
Mother Nature on a personal mission to destroy us all.
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๋Œ€์ž์—ฐ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์–ด์š”.
01:17
I never understood why.
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์ „ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
01:20
Why, if we knew this was going to happen every year,
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๋งค๋…„ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๋ฉด์„œ๋„
01:24
why couldn't we just do something to make sure that we were safer?
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์™œ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ๋ณด์žฅํ•  ์ผ์€ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ?
01:28
Why did I always have to put out buckets and hide?
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์™œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์–‘๋™์ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ณ ๋‘๊ณ  ์ˆจ์–ด์•ผ๋งŒ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฑธ๊นŒ?
01:34
Fast forward to where we are now,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ˜„์žฌ๋กœ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ์•„์™€๋ณด์ฃ .
01:36
living through a burgeoning climate crisis
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๊ฐˆ์ˆ˜๋ก ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ์˜ ์‚ถ์€
01:38
where my childhood fears have quickly become my adult reality.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ ๊ทธ ๊ณตํฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋Š์ƒˆ
์–ด๋ฅธ์ด ๋œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‹ฅ์ณ์™€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
01:43
Just last year,
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ง€๋‚œ ํ•ด
01:44
my country started to experience freak storms
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์ €ํฌ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—” ์ „๋ก€ ์—†๋˜ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ํญํ’์ด ๋‹ฅ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
like none we had ever seen before.
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01:50
This is a video of one such event.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ทธ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹ ๋ฐ์š”.
01:52
Now, this is a real-time capture,
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์‹ค์‹œ๊ฐ„์œผ๋กœ ์ดฌ์˜ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ
01:54
it is not sped up, there are no special effects.
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๋น ๋ฅธ ์žฌ์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ํŠน์ˆ˜ํšจ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฑด ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†์–ด์š”.
01:57
This system seemingly materialized out of nowhere.
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์–ด๋””์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฒจ๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ์ฃ .
02:01
Typically, we'd have advance warning, but this time, there was none.
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๋ณดํ†ต์€ ์ „์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฒˆ์—” ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:06
We did not know this was coming until it was right on top of us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ˆˆ ์•ž์— ๋‹ฅ์ณค์„ ๋•Œ์•ผ ๋น„๋กœ์†Œ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋์ฃ .
02:11
Imagine being jolted out of your sleep
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ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:13
to be greeted by this:
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์ž ์„ ๊นจ์šด ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ
02:15
500 strikes of lightning per minute,
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1๋ถ„์— 500๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ์ณ๋Œ€๋Š” ๋ฒˆ๊ฐœ์™€
02:19
thunder and rain so loud,
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์šฐ๋ขฐ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒœ๋‘ฅ๊ณผ ํญ์šฐ๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒ์ด์š”.
02:21
it felt like it was coming from the guts of the Earth.
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์ง€๊ตฌ์˜ ๋ฐฐ ์†์ด ๋’คํ‹€๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š” ์ผ ๊ฐ™์•˜์–ด์š”.
02:24
The sky looked like a firework display with no pauses.
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ํ•˜๋Š˜์—์„  ๋ถˆ๊ฝƒ๋†€์ด๊ฐ€ ๋Š์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์ฃ .
02:30
And while we were still reeling from the impacts of this event,
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์ด ๋‚œ๋ฆฌ์— ์ •์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:34
just a few weeks later, another one hit us.
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๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋’ค์— ๋˜ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆด ๋ฎ์ณค์–ด์š”.
02:37
This time a Category 1 hurricane.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—” 1๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ํƒœํ’์ด์—ˆ๊ณ 
02:39
It destroyed over 2,000 homes.
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2์ฒœ ์ฑ„๊ฐ€ ๋„˜๋Š” ์ง‘์ด ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜๊ณ  ๋ง์•˜์ฃ .
02:43
Unpredictable events like this are quickly becoming the norm.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฏธ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
And in a small country like mine, of less than 300,000 people
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์ œ ๊ณ ํ–ฅ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ธ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ 30๋งŒ ๋ช…๋„ ์•ˆ ๋˜๊ณ 
02:54
and a mere land area of just 166 square miles,
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๋ฉด์ ์ด ๊ณ ์ž‘ 430 ใŽข์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•œ ์ž‘์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—๋Š”
02:59
small numbers, small events still mean big loss.
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์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ์ผ์—๋„ ํฐ ์†์‹ค์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ์ฃ .
03:06
So for us,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
03:07
who are already living through some of the repercussions of climate change,
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์ด๋ฏธ ๊ธฐํ›„ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ์—๊ฒ
03:11
it is simply no longer enough
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๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์ด๋ž€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์ด์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
for architecture to be beautifully passive.
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03:17
In the face of these looming new realities,
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์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์‹ค์— ๋งž์„œ
03:19
we need to create architecture that genuinely performs.
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์ง„์ •์œผ๋กœ ์„ฑ๋Šฅ์„ ๋ฐœํœ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:24
So that's what I do.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
Iโ€™m an architectural designer,
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ• ์„ค๊ณ„์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ 
03:28
and I create structures that have a deep reverence
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์ž์—ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด์™€ ๊นŠ์€ ๊ฒฝ์™ธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ 
03:31
and awareness of nature, yet protect us from it.
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๊ธฐํ›„๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
I draw on those deceptively simple micro lessons
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์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ทนํžˆ ์ž‘์€ ๊ตํ›ˆ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
that we as communities have been inspired by over the years
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์ €ํฌ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์Œ“์•„์˜จ ์˜๊ฐ์ด ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
03:43
that dealt with how we traditionally handle the environment
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ๋‹ค๋ค„์˜จ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ
03:46
and how we, rather than fighting to keep nature out,
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์ž์—ฐ์— ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹ 
03:50
learned how to harness it and embrace it for a shelter.
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์ž์—ฐ์„ ํ”ผ๋‚œ์ฒ˜๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๋“ค์—์„œ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
03:54
Now, I'm sure there are countless examples
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
03:56
of traditional building methodologies that have stood the test of time
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์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ๋‚ ์”จ๋ฅผ ์˜ค๋กฏ์ด ๊ฒฌ๋ŽŒ๋‚ธ ์ „ํ†ต์  ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฒ•์ด ์ˆ˜์—†์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
and weather.
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04:02
Stories of inherent resilience.
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๋‚ด์žฌ๋œ ํšŒ๋ณตํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์ด ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
04:04
But I want to share with you a story from my own country,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š”
04:08
one that has shaped my perspective as I lived through
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ ํ†ต์ฐฐ๋ ฅ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ 
04:11
and designed for our changing climate reality.
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๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํ›„ ํ˜„์‹ค์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•ด ์˜จ ์ œ ๋‚˜๋ผ์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:16
After the abolition of the enslavement
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๋ฐ”๋ฒ ์ด๋„์Šค์—์„œ ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์ธ๊ณผ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ์ œ๋„๊ฐ€ ํ์ง€๋œ ํ›„,
04:18
of African and Indigenous peoples in Barbados,
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04:21
my ancestors, newly freed,
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์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์€ ์ €์˜ ์กฐ์ƒ๋“ค์€
04:24
couldn't just go and find land to build their homes.
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์ง‘์„ ์ง€์„ ๋•…์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
04:28
Their lands, unlike them, were still property or "chattel"
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์œ ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋•…์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ
์ด์ „ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ์ฃผ์ธ๋“ค์˜ ์†Œ์œ ๋ฌผ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ โ€œ์ด๋™ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์žฌ์‚ฐโ€œ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
04:32
of the former enslavers.
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04:34
So out of this conundrum
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ
04:38
the Bajan chattel house was born.
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๋ฐ”๋ฒ ์ด๋„์Šค์˜ ์ด๋™์‹ ๋ชฉ์กฐ ์ฃผํƒ์ด ํƒ„์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
Chattel houses were modest homes built entirely of timber,
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์ด๋™์‹ ๋ชฉ์กฐ ์ฃผํƒ์€ ๋ชฉ์žฌ๋กœ๋งŒ ๊ฑด์„ค๋œ ์•„๋‹ดํ•œ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ
04:44
with no nails mind you,
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๋ชป์งˆ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„๋„ ๋˜๊ณ 
04:46
and sat on tightly packed coral stone.
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๋‹จ๋‹จํžˆ ๋‹ค์ ธ์ง„ ์‚ฐํ˜ธ์„ ์œ„์— ์ง€์–ด์กŒ์ฃ .
04:48
The dilemma was that they had to be robust enough
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์—ด๋Œ€ ๊ธฐํ›„์˜ ๊ฑฐ์นœ ์˜จ๋„๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„ํ‹ธ ๋งŒํผ ํŠผํŠผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„
04:51
to survive the harsh temperaments of our tropical weather,
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ํ•ด์ฒด๋„ ์‰ฌ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
yet somehow temporary,
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04:57
so that inevitably, when there was some kind of "dispute"
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ,
์ด์ „ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ ์ฃผ์ธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋…ธ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ๋œ ์ •์ฐฉ๋ฏผ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋‹คํˆผ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ์„ ๋•Œ
05:00
between a former enslaver and a newly freed man or woman,
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05:04
he or she could quickly grab a couple of friends and family,
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ๋“ค ๋ช‡ ๋ช…์ด์„œ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ง์„ ๊พธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
05:07
pack up and move at a moment's notice for safety.
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์–ธ์ œ๋“  ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
05:12
So how?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ–ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:14
How, despite being so low-tech and temporary,
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๋‚ฎ์€ ๊ธฐ์ˆ  ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ž„์‹œ ์ฃผํƒ์ž„์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ 
05:18
could these endemic designs survive often to see another day?
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์ด ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
05:23
Unlike many of the more established, robust and permanent homes.
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๋” ๊ตณ๊ฑดํ•˜๊ณ , ํŠผํŠผํ•˜๊ณ , ์˜ค๋ž˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ง‘๋“ค๋„ ๋งŽ์€๋ฐ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
05:27
Well, since these were made from whatever timber was readily available,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์žฌ๋“ค๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๊ณ 
05:32
there were no fancy proprietary systems used.
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๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๊ณ ์ • ์žฅ์น˜๋„ ์“ฐ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
So rather than trying to create some kind of impenetrable force field
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ๋ง‰์•„๋‚ผ ์ง‘์„ ์ง€์œผ๋ ค ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
05:39
against the wind,
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05:40
we had to get creative and figure out how to work with the wind
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์ฐฝ์˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ณต์กดํ•˜๋Š” ์ง‘์„ ์ง€์—ˆ์ฃ .
05:44
instead of against it.
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
05:46
And when the wind is blowing at incredible force against a home
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ํž˜์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ๋ถˆ ๋•Œ
์Šค์Šค๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•  ์ ์ ˆํ•œ ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์ง‘์€
05:51
that simply does not have the adequate means to brace itself,
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05:55
options are limited.
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๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
05:57
Gets kind of simple.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ดค์–ด์š”.
05:59
Like my mother used to tell me, you let the wind come through.
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ ค ๋‘๋ผ๊ณ  ์—„๋งˆ๊ป˜์„œ๋„ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์ง€...
06:04
Now, the trick to doing this lies unexpectedly in the arrangement
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๋œป๋ฐ–์—๋„ ์„ค๊ณ„์˜ ๋น„๊ฒฐ์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์™ธ๊ด€์˜ ๋ชฉ์žฌ ๋ฐฐ์น˜์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
of the timber facade,
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06:09
with windows such as these called "jalousie" windows.
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โ€œ์ ค๋ฃจ์ง€โ€ ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:12
And a quick side note,
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ•ด๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
06:14
jalousie actually comes from the French word โ€œjalousieโ€
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์ ค๋ฃจ์ง€๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค ๋ง๋กœ โ€˜์งˆํˆฌโ€™๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
meaning "jealousy."
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06:19
So originally,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์›๋ž˜,
06:20
these angled horizontal slats called louvers
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๋ฃจ๋ฒ„๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๊ฐ์ง„ ์ˆ˜ํ‰ํŒ์€
06:23
were meant to keep jealous, peering eyes from seeing into your home.
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์งˆํˆฌ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์ง‘์„ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
But architecturally,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑด์ถ•ํ•™์  ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š”
06:29
what they did was allow wind to filter through
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ๋„
06:32
while still keeping rain out.
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๋น„๋ฅผ ๋ง‰์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
06:34
So these intentionally aligned apertures
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์กฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋ž€ํžˆ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
06:37
would allow you to open all the slats on the windows and doors
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์ฐฝ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์นธ๋ง‰์ด๋ฅผ ์—ด๋ฉด
06:40
to literally let the hurricane pass through,
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ํƒœํ’์ด ํ†ต๊ณผํ•ด ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:44
channeling that wind through the building's interior,
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
06:46
instead of building up destructive pressure on the facade.
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๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์ •๋ฉด์„ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋Š” ํŒŒ๊ดด์ ์ธ ์••๋ ฅ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
06:50
The result was that the weather,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‚ ์”จ์— ์ง‘ ์•ˆ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋Ÿฌ ์žˆ์–ด๋„
06:52
as I might say, if I was at home,
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06:55
โ€œmight โ€™lick down ya house, but it aint gine mash it up.โ€
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ์ง‘์„ ๋ญ‰๊ฐœ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทธ์ € ํ•ฅ๊ณ  ์ง€๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ๋ฟ์ด์ฃ .
06:59
Translation for those who need it:
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง๋กœ ํ•˜์ž๋ฉด
07:01
the compound effect of these micro solutions
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ๋Š”
07:04
was a house that might ...
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์ง‘์„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ...
07:06
it might bend,
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์ข€ ํœ˜์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:08
but it wouldn't totally break.
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์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ์ง€๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง„ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
07:11
Drawing on examples such as this,
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์ด ์˜ˆ์‹œ์—์„œ ๋ณด์…จ๋“ฏ์ด
07:13
I quickly realized that as a region,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋œ ๊ฑด
07:16
we really need to depart from this more global convention
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์ž์—ฐ์„ ๋ง‰์•„๋‚ด๋Š” ํš์ผ์ ์ธ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๊ด€์Šต์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜
07:19
of designing our buildings to close themselves off from nature
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์ง€์—ญ์˜ ํŠน์„ฑ์— ๋งž์ถ˜ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•ด์•ผ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
07:23
so that architecture, for us,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์€
07:25
becomes less about the external expression,
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๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„, ์ƒ๊น€์ƒˆ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๊ด€์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋”๋ผ๋„
07:28
aesthetic and shape of the building,
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07:30
but more about its holistic performance in concert with the environment.
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์ „์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์นœํ™”์  ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—์š”.
07:34
Like those jalousie windows,
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์ ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
07:36
it's about those micro solutions,
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์‚ฌ์†Œํ•œ ํ•ด๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
those little details that quite literally make or break a building.
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์ž‘์€ ์žฅ์น˜์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ์„ธ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ๋ฌด๋„ˆ๋œจ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”
07:43
For example,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
07:45
after the passage of Hurricane Maria through the Caribbean in 2017,
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2017๋…„์— ํƒœํ’ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์•„๊ฐ€ ์นด๋ฆฌ๋ธŒํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ
07:49
many properties suffered devastating loss.
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๋งŽ์€ ์žฌ์‚ฐ ์†์‹ค๋กœ ๊ณ ํ†ต์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์ฃ .
07:52
As designers,
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:54
we were faced with that now common question:
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07:56
How do we build back better?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋” ์ข‹์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ์ง€์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ?
07:59
The answer?
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๊ทธ ๋‹ต์€ ๋ญ˜๊นŒ์š”?
08:00
Simple.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ด์š”.
08:02
You take what works, discard what doesn't,
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ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ , ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,
08:04
and apply it to modern designs.
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ํ˜„๋Œ€์ ์ธ ๋””์ž์ธ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
In one instance,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
08:08
the wind-dispersing capabilities of those traditional louvers
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๋ฃจ๋ฒ„์˜ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ ๋ถ„์‚ฐ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„
08:11
became a modern interpretation.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ˜„๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ ์šฉํ–ˆ์ฃ .
08:13
So my team and I at the time designed a timber fin facade
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €ํฌ ์„ค๊ณ„ํŒ€์€ ๋ชฉ์žฌ ์ง€๋Š๋Ÿฌ๋ฏธ ํŒŒ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•ด์„œ
08:17
that would do the same thing:
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๋ฃจ๋ฒ„์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:19
break up the wind against the building's exterior
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๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ์ฐจ๋‹จํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
08:22
while still allowing light to penetrate to the building's interior,
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๋น›์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๊นŒ์ง€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:26
all while protecting the exposed glass from wind
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ํ™”์‚ด ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋…ธ์ถœ๋œ ์œ ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผœ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:28
and wind driven missiles.
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08:30
So no more duct tape.
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๋ฐ•์Šค ํ…Œ์ดํ”„๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ•„์š” ์—†์ฃ .
08:32
In another instance,
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋กœ,
08:33
we designed a sacrificial central core
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์ค‘์‹ฌ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ํฌ์ƒํ•˜์—ฌ
08:36
that allowed wind to penetrate through the interior of the building
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ์ด ๊ฑด๋ฌผ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•ด ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ์„ค๊ณ„ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
08:40
while preserving adjacent,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
08:41
locked-down watertight bunkers zones
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜†์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐ€ํ๋œ ๋ฐฉ์ˆ˜ ๋ฒ™์ปค๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด์„œ
08:44
for people to retreat from the wind and the rain.
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๋น„ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ชธ์„ ํ”ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
So no more buckets.
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์ด์   ์–‘๋™์ด๋„ ํ•„์š” ์—†์ฃ .
08:50
And many of my colleagues in island nations, such as my own,
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์ €์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์„ฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ์ถœ์‹  ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค์€
08:53
are in the process of integrating this similar strategy
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์˜ ์ „ํ†ต์  ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ฐจ์šฉํ•ด์„œ
08:57
of taking traditional designs and applying them to modern approaches.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜„๋Œ€์  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
And this is not just limited to hurricanes,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹œ๋„๋Š” ํƒœํ’๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
09:03
but address issues such as floods, earthquakes, landslides,
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ํ™์ˆ˜, ์ง€์ง„, ์‚ฐ์‚ฌํƒœ๋„ ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
09:08
where traditional, stilted designs help to keep us elevated
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ง€์ƒ์—์„œ ๋„์šฐ๋Š” ์‹์˜ ์ „ํ†ต์ ์ธ ์„ค๊ณ„๋Š”
09:11
above torrential downpour and inundation
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ํญ์šฐ์™€ ํ™์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ 
09:14
and where cross-brace lattice elements
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์„œ๋กœ ๊ต์ฐจํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค์น˜๋œ ๊ฒฉ์ž ๋ณด๊ฐ•์žฌ๋Š”
09:16
make sure our buildings are flexible enough
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๊ฑด๋ฌผ์ด ์œ ์—ฐ์„ฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์„œ
09:19
to withstand the Earth moving and shaking beneath them.
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๊ฑด๋ฌผ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋•…์ด ์›€์ง์ด๊ณ  ํ”๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๊ฒฌ๋ŽŒ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์ฃ .
09:22
We are at a point now where we model an intelligent digital twin
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ๋‹จ๊ณ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์™”๋ƒ๋ฉด
์ง€๋Šฅํ˜• ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ ๋ณต์ œ ๋ชจ๋ธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐ€์ƒ ํ˜„์‹ค๋กœ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
of each design in virtual reality.
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09:30
Think of it as a sort of computerized 3D carbon copy of each micro solution,
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๋ฌธ์ œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์„ค๊ณ„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ 3์ฐจ์› ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๋ชจ๋ธ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ 
09:36
so that we can stress-test it.
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๋‚ด๋ ฅํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ฃ .
09:38
We can throw real-world climate scenarios its way.
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๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ˜„์‹ค์˜ ๊ธฐํ›„ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ ์šฉํ•ด๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
And because weโ€™re in that virtual environment,
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๊ฐ€์ƒ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
09:44
there's no loss of human life,
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์ธ๋ช… ํ”ผํ•ด๋„ ์—†๊ณ  ์‹œ์„ค๋„ ์†์ƒ์„ ์ž…์ง€ ์•Š์ฃ .
09:46
there's no costly damage to infrastructure,
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09:49
and we can pick a building apart
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ์กฐ๋ชฉ์กฐ๋ชฉ ๋ถ„์„ํ•˜๊ณ 
09:51
and figure out what it actually takes to make a more resilient structure.
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ํšŒ๋ณตํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ์ง“๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์ฐพ์•„๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
We can, say, throw a Category 5 hurricane wind simulation its way,
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ํƒœํ’ 5๋“ฑ๊ธ‰ ๊ฐ•๋„์˜ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ๋„ ์‹œ๋ฎฌ๋ ˆ์ด์…˜ ํ•ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
10:00
and if it fails in that safe environment, we can fix it.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์„ ์–ป์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:05
We can tweak it, we can improve it,
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์ตœ์ ์˜ ์„ค๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ
10:08
we can optimize the design,
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10:10
and we can do that iteratively until we get it right.
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์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์ฃ .
10:14
And because we have started from these Indigenous references,
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์ €ํฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์›์ฃผ๋ฏผ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์‹์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ
10:18
we end up with well-performing,
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์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๊ณ 
10:20
modern, yes,
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ํ˜„๋Œ€์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ๋„
10:22
but accessible architecture
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์ ‘๊ทผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฑด์ถ•๋ฌผ์„ ์™„์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
that is not alien to its cultural or climatic context.
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๋ฌธํ™”์™€ ๊ธฐํ›„์  ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ๋™๋–จ์–ด์ง€์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ฑ„๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
10:29
Architecture that is not alien --
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๊ฑด์ถ•์€ ๋จผ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์–˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—์š”.
10:32
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
10:38
Architecture that is not alien
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๊ฑด์ถ•์€ ๋จผ ๋‚˜๋ผ ์–˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
10:40
to the people who must build and live in it.
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์ง‘์„ ์ง“๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์•ˆ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
Architecture that by testing and design is more resilient
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์‹œํ—˜์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•œ ๊ฑด์ถ•๊ณผ ์„ค๊ณ„๋Š”
ํ˜น๋…ํ•œ ๋‚ ์”จ์— ๋Œ€๋น„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ์— ํšŒ๋ณตํƒ„๋ ฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
as we prepare for harsher weather.
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10:52
Now, I've said a lot.
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋งŽ์€ ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ์š”.
10:55
But nothing ...
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋ฌด์—‡๋„...
10:58
Nothing prepares you for the mental uncertainty
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์  ๋ถˆ์•ˆ์„ ๋Œ€๋น„์‹œ์ผœ ์ฃผ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:01
of experiencing, and hopefully living through, a hurricane.
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ํƒœํ’์„ ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฌ๋””๋ฉด์„œ ์‚ด์•„๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ๊ฒช๋Š” ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์ด์š”.
11:09
That feeling of total vulnerability.
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์ง€๊ทนํžˆ ์—ฐ์•ฝํ•œ ๋Š๋‚Œ.
11:13
Of being fully exposed to the elements and at the absolute mercy ...
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์ž์—ฐ์˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์ž๋น„์— ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‚ด๋งก๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”
11:22
of nature.
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์ž์—ฐ์˜ ํž˜.
11:28
The sound of the wind ripping a building to pieces.
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๊ฑด๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฐ์‚ฐ์กฐ๊ฐ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋žŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ.
11:35
The sound of your neighborsโ€™ screams being carried away
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์„ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š” ์ด์›ƒ์˜ ๋น„๋ช… ์†Œ๋ฆฌ.
11:39
in that same wind.
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11:41
The โ€œWhat if?โ€
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โ€œ๋งŒ์•ฝ์—...โ€
11:44
"What if they don't make it?"
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โ€œ๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ์ € ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฒ„ํ‹ฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด์ฉŒ์ง€?โ€
11:48
"What if we don't make it?"
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โ€œ๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ„ํ‹ฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด์ฉŒ์ง€?โ€
11:52
"What if I don't make it?"
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โ€œ๋งŒ์•ฝ์— ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ„ํ‹ฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด์ฉŒ์ง€?โ€
11:55
"What if?"
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โ€œ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์–ด์ฉŒ์ง€...โ€
11:59
But what if we could design away some of that uncertainty
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ์—...
์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋ถˆ์•ˆ๊ฐ์„ ์—†์• ์ฃผ๊ณ 
12:04
and shelter in place with a sense of confidence
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๋ฏฟ์„๋งŒํ•œ ํ”ผ๋‚œ์ฒ˜๋กœ์„œ
12:06
that we have given ourselves the best chance at surviving,
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์‚ด์•„๋‚จ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ธฐํšŒ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ 
12:11
the best chance at weathering each storm?
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๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ํญํ์„ ํ—ค์ณ ๋‚˜๊ฐˆ ์ตœ์„ ์ฑ…์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”?
12:17
Across the world, as humans, we are doing amazing things.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ธ๊ฐ„๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜!
12:20
We are putting people into space for leisure.
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์—ฌ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ธฐ๋Ÿฌ ๋– ๋‚˜๋Š” ์šฐ์ฃผ ์—ฌํ–‰์ด์ฃ .
12:26
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)
12:31
We are searching and figuring out how to live in and survive
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑด
๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ–‰์„ฑ์˜ ๊ทนํ•œ ๊ธฐํ›„์—์„œ ์ƒ์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
the extremes of distant planetary climates.
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12:39
Yes, that's amazing.
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๋„ค, ๋†€๋ผ์›Œ์š”.
12:41
However, on this planet,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜, ์ด ์ง€๊ตฌ๋ผ๋Š” ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ๋Š”
12:43
so many of us still live in constant fear
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์•„์ง๋„ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ณตํฌ์— ๋–จ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
that the next event will be the big one
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ฅ์ณ์˜ฌ ์–ด๋–ค ํฐ์ผ์„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ์š”.
12:50
that either dramatically changes or outright claims our existence here
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๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ๊ทน๋‹จ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์กด์žฌ๋ฅผ ์ด ํ–‰์„ฑ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์ฐธํžˆ ์•—์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
12:55
on planet Earth forever.
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13:00
You've probably heard this a million times,
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—†์ด ๋“ค์œผ์…จ๊ฒ ์ฃ .
13:02
but we as small island nations are living in our present,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž‘์€ ์„ฌ๋‚˜๋ผ์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ €ํฌ๋Š”
์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๋“ค ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์ง๋ฉดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒช์œผ๋ฉฐ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
the future that you all are poised to face.
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13:10
So we need to know now what works and what does not
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ผญ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€
ํ˜„์žฌ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š๋ƒ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
in our specific contexts,
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13:17
because it is a true, immediate, cyclical matter of life and death for us.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์‚ถ๊ณผ ์ฃฝ์Œ์˜ ์ˆœํ™˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
So.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ...
13:30
As we step into this new era,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‹œ๋Œ€์— ๋“ค์–ด์„œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
13:33
as we design and build our future cities and communities,
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๋„์‹œ์™€ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ์„ค๊ณ„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฑด์„คํ•  ๋•Œ
13:38
the approach, again, is so simple.
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์ ‘๊ทผ ๋ฐฉ์‹์€, ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
We must do so no longer leaving the most vulnerable of us to guess
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๋” ์ด์ƒ, ์ง€๊ทนํžˆ ์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๊ทธ์ € ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํฌ๋งํ•˜๋„๋ก
13:48
and hope for the best.
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๋‚ด๋ฒ„๋ ค ๋‘์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
But based on tried, tested, traditional knowledge
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์‹œ๋„๋˜๊ณ  ๊ฒ€์ฆ๋œ ์ „ํ†ต ์ง€์‹๊ณผ ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ
13:54
and lived experience,
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13:57
designing for the absolute worst.
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์ตœ์•…์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€๋น„ํ•œ ์„ค๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ ˆ์‹คํžˆ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:02
(Applause and cheers)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜์™€ ํ™˜ํ˜ธ)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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