The zero conditional in action - English grammar

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:06
If you breathe in helium, your voice goes funny.
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ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์„ ๋“ค์ด๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ƒํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
Hello everyone.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:17
I'm Vicki.
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์ €๋Š” ๋น„ํ‚ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
And I'm Jay and this lessonโ€™s about the zero conditional.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” Jay์ด๊ณ  ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์€ 0 ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
Itโ€™s a really useful and really simple structure.
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์ •๋ง ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:27
Youโ€™ll love it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
We often use it to talk about scientific facts.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ๊ณผํ•™์  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
Letโ€™s see some examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
If you heat water, it boils.
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๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐ์šฐ๋ฉด ๋“์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
If ice gets warm, it melts.
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์–ผ์Œ์ด ๋œจ๊ฑฐ์›Œ์ง€๋ฉด ๋…น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:43
So itโ€™s really easy.
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์ •๋ง ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
The sentences have two parts, two clauses.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„, ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ ˆ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
One is the condition, and one is the result.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด์ด๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:55
The condition, the result.
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์กฐ๊ฑด, ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ.
00:59
We use the present simple in both clauses.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘ ์ ˆ์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
Itโ€™s if with the present simple, and then the present simple again.
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ํ˜„์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ˜„์žฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:09
And we can reverse the order of the clauses.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ ˆ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ง‘์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
These sentences mean the same thing.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
But notice the punctuation is different.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ตฌ๋‘์ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
If the sentence starts with โ€˜ifโ€™, we use a comma.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด 'if'๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ์‰ผํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:23
The comma separates the condition and the result.
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์‰ผํ‘œ๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด๊ณผ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:27
But if โ€˜ifโ€™ comes in the middle of the sentence, the comma isnโ€™t necessary.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'if'๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์˜ค๋ฉด ์‰ผํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
That happens in other conditionals too.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
We can change the order of the two clauses.
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๋‘ ์ ˆ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
Yeah, but you know what we need to look at next .
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๋„ค, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์‚ดํŽด๋ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ์ฃ ?
01:42
What?
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๋ฌด์—‡?
01:43
How to form negatives.
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๋„ค๊ฑฐํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•.
01:45
Letโ€™s see.
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๋ณด์ž.
01:49
Whatโ€™s this ice cream doing here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ด ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์€ ๋ญ์ง€?
01:52
Oh, I might have some later.
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์•„, ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
01:55
If you donโ€™t keep it in the freezer, it melts.
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๋ƒ‰๋™์‹ค์— ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋…น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
I forgot about it.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
And the cream?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํฌ๋ฆผ?
02:02
What about it?
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์–ด๋•Œ?
02:04
If you put it in the fridge, it doesnโ€™t go off.
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๋ƒ‰์žฅ๊ณ ์— ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด ์ž˜ ์•ˆ๋–จ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:06
Well, Iโ€™m going to have some now.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์ข€ ๋จน๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
You heard two examples.
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
If you donโ€™t keep it in the freezer, it melts.
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๋ƒ‰๋™์‹ค์— ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋…น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
If you put it in the fridge, it doesnโ€™t go off.
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๋ƒ‰์žฅ๊ณ ์— ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด ์ž˜ ์•ˆ๋–จ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:21
So how do we form the negatives?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋„ค๊ฑฐํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:23
Itโ€™s the present simple tense, so we use donโ€™t and doesnโ€™t.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ don't์™€ does't๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
To go off means to go bad so you canโ€™t drink it.
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go off๋Š” ์ƒํ•ด์„œ ๋งˆ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:34
In American English weโ€™d say spoil.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋Š” spoil์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
The milk spoiled.
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์šฐ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
We could say that in British English but it sounds old fashioned to me.
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์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์‹์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
We say go off.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
Say spoil.
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์ „๋ฆฌํ’ˆ์„ ๋งํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
02:48
Now thereโ€™s something very special about zero conditionals.
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์ด์ œ ์ œ๋กœ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์—๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:53
Itโ€™s something that only happens in this kind of conditional.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋งŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:57
Whatโ€™s that?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์•ผ?
02:59
We can switch the word โ€˜ifโ€™ for โ€˜whenโ€™.
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'๋งŒ์•ฝ'์„ '๋งŒ์•ฝ'์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
If you breathe in helium, your voice goes funny.
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ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์„ ๋“ค์ด๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ƒํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
When you breathe in helium your voice goes funny.
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ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์„ ๋“ค์ด๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์ƒํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
So if, when, theyโ€™re both correct here and these sentences mean the same thing.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ if, when, ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
Itโ€™s a special feature of this conditional.
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์ด ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์˜ ํŠน์ง•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
In other conditionals โ€˜ifโ€™ and โ€˜whenโ€™ mean different things, but in zero conditionals
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์—์„œ '๋งŒ์•ฝ'๊ณผ '์–ธ์ œ'๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๋กœ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š”
03:42
they mean the same.
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๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:43
Itโ€™s because weโ€™re talking about things that always happen.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:48
If you breathe in helium, the result is always the same.
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ํ—ฌ๋ฅจ์„ ๋“ค์ด๋งˆ์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
So if you do it, when you do it, it doesnโ€™t matter because the same thing happens every
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋งค๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:00
time.
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.
04:01
With zero conditionals one thing always leads to another.
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์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์ด 0์ด๋ฉด ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
Iโ€™m back.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„์™”์–ด.
04:08
Oh.
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์˜ค.
04:10
What did you buy?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ตฌ์ž… ํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:11
Chocolate brownies.
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์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šฐ๋‹ˆ.
04:12
Youโ€™re going to love them Wow.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ์™€์šฐ.
04:15
But if we eat too many brownies, we put on weight.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šฐ๋‹ˆ๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋จน์œผ๋ฉด ์‚ด์ด ์ฐ๋‹ค.
04:19
Oh.
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์˜ค.
04:20
Do you want me to eat yours then?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน์„๊นŒ?
04:23
Heck no!
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์•ˆ๋ผ!
04:24
Thereโ€™s a cause effect relationship here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
Brownies cause weight gain.
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๋ธŒ๋ผ์šฐ๋‹ˆ๋Š” ์ฒด์ค‘ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์œ ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
Yes, brownies are the cause and the effect is we put on weight.
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์˜ˆ, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์šฐ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ์›์ธ์ด๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” ์ฒด์ค‘ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
Itโ€™s a sad fact of life.
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์ธ์ƒ์˜ ์Šฌํ”ˆ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:38
And thatโ€™s why we use a zero conditional.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ 0 ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
We use them with facts and in situations where something always happens.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:47
That means that we can also use them to talk about habits and routines.
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์ฆ‰, ์Šต๊ด€๊ณผ ์ผ๊ณผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:56
I read the newspaper every day and if I see a good investment opportunity, I call my broker
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ํˆฌ์ž๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋ฉด ๋ธŒ๋กœ์ปค์—๊ฒŒ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฑธ์–ด
05:04
and tell her to buy.
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์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค.
05:07
I read the newspaper every day too, but I start at the back and read the sports pages.
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์ €๋„ ๋งค์ผ ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฝ์ง€๋งŒ ๋งจ ๋’ค์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ ์Šคํฌ์ธ  ํŽ˜์ด์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
When you snooze, you lose.
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์ž ์„ ์ž๋ฉด ํŒจ๋ฐฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
So here I used the zero conditional to describe a habit, a routine of mine.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€, ์ œ ์ผ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ฑด 0์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:27
And did you notice this one?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
05:29
โ€˜When you snooze you lose.โ€™
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'์ž ์„ ์ž๋ฉด ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.'
05:31
Itโ€™s an idiom.
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๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
To snooze means to have a short light sleep.
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์Šค๋ˆ„์ฆˆ๋Š” ์งง์€ ์ž ์„ ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
โ€˜When you snooze you loseโ€™ means you have to act fast to get what you want.
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'์ž ์„ ์ž๋ฉด ์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ํ–‰๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
Itโ€™s another general truth.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ง„์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
A fact of life.
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์‚ถ์˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค.
05:48
OK, the next thing we need to talk about is the past.
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์ž, ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
Ah yes.
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์•„ ์˜ˆ.
05:53
We usually use zero conditionals to talk about the present, but we can also use them to talk
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
06:00
about things that were true in the past.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
When I went to school in England, we had to wear a uniform.
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์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋‹ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ต๋ณต์„ ์ž…์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:10
In my school we could wear whatever we wanted.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ์ž…์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:14
Mmm.
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์Œ.
06:16
When we forgot our tie, we were in trouble.
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๋„ฅํƒ€์ด๋ฅผ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณค๊ฒฝ์— ์ฒ˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
I didnโ€™t wear a tie.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋„ฅํƒ€์ด๋ฅผ ๋งค์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
06:24
And if our skirt was too short, the teachers sent us home.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์น˜๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์งง์œผ๋ฉด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ ค๋ณด๋ƒˆ์–ด์š”.
06:29
And I didnโ€™t wear a skirt either.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์น˜๋งˆ๋„ ์•ˆ ์ž…์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
06:35
So again, these sentences are about general truths, but theyโ€™re things that that were
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ง„๋ฆฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
06:40
always true in the past.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฐธ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
The structure is the same as before, but instead of the present simple, we use the past tense.
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๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์ด์ „๊ณผ ๋™์ผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๋Œ€์‹  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
And again, we can switch โ€˜ifโ€™ for โ€˜whenโ€™, and โ€˜whenโ€™ for โ€˜ifโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ '๋งŒ์•ฝ'์„ '๋งŒ์•ฝ'์œผ๋กœ, '๋งŒ์•ฝ'์„ '๋งŒ์•ฝ'์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
So weโ€™ve looked at the present and the past.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
Are we finished now?
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์ด์ œ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:02
No, thereโ€™s another very important question.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
How is the zero conditional different from the first conditional?
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0 ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์€ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ๊ฐ€์š” ?
07:09
They are similar.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜๋‹ค.
07:12
Letโ€™s look at some examples and see if you can work out the difference.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
07:18
If you donโ€™t put ice cream in the freezer, it melts.
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์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹ค์— ๋„ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋…น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
Was I talking generally about ice cream here?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:28
Yes.
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์˜ˆ.
07:29
All ice cream melts if it gets warm.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์€ ๋”ฐ๋œปํ•ด์ง€๋ฉด ๋…น๋Š”๋‹ค.
07:32
So this is a general truth.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ง„๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
Now letโ€™s look at a different example?
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
07:39
If you donโ€™t put this ice cream in the freezer, itโ€™ll melt.
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์ด ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ƒ‰๋™์‹ค์— ๋„ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋…น์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
07:45
Was Vicki talking about ice cream in general here?
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Vicki๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
07:49
No.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”.
07:50
This oneโ€™s different.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
She was talking about a particular carton of ice cream.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์•„์ด์Šคํฌ๋ฆผ ์ƒ์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:56
We use the zero conditional to talk about what happens in general, and the first conditional
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ฑด 0์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:02
to talk about a particular situation.
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ํŠน์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
So the zero conditional is about what always happens, and the first conditional is about
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์กฐ๊ฑด 0์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์€
08:13
what happens in a particular case.
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ํŠน์ • ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
In many situations we might use a zero or first conditional, but thereโ€™s a difference in
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๋งŽ์€ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 0 ๋˜๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๋ฏธ์—๋Š” ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:23
meaning.
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.
08:25
General - particular.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜ - ํŠน์ •.
08:26
Weโ€™re making another video about the first conditional.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:30
So make sure you subscribe to our channel so you donโ€™t miss it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋†“์น˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ์ €ํฌ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
08:34
I think we should have a review now.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฆฌ๋ทฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
Letโ€™s see what you can remember.
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:45
We use zero conditionals to talk about things that are always true.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฐธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œ๋กœ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:54
We use them when one action always follows another.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋™์ž‘์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์ž‘์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:59
In zero conditionals 'if' means the same as 'when'.
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0 ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์—์„œ 'if'๋Š” 'when'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:05
We can say โ€˜ifโ€™ or โ€˜whenโ€™ and the meaning doesnโ€™t change.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'if' ๋˜๋Š” 'when'์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
The word โ€˜ifโ€™ comes at the start or in the middle of a sentence.
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'if'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:21
Just remember to use a comma if you start the sentence with 'if'.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด 'if'๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‰ผํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
We use zero conditionals to talk about whatโ€™s true in all situations.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์ฐธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œ๋กœ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:35
Theyโ€™re general truths. We donโ€™t use them if weโ€™re thinking of specific or particular
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ง„์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠน์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋‚˜ ํŠน์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:41
situations.
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.
09:44
We can use zero conditionals to talk about routines and habits in the present and the
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ๊ณผ์™€ ์Šต๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œ๋กœ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:53
past.
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.
09:55
They just have to be things that always happen in the present or always happened in the past.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ˜„์žฌ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋˜ ์ผ์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
And thatโ€™s it!
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ!
10:04
Now you know how we use zero conditionals in English.
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์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ์ œ๋กœ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:09
If youโ€™ve enjoyed this video, please share it with a friend.
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์นœ๊ตฌ์™€ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
10:12
And see you next week everyone.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค์Œ์ฃผ์— ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
10:15
Bye-bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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