12 Grammar Checkups | Practice Questions for English Tenses | PRESENT PAST FUTURE

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:06
Let's start with the first checkup.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ ๊ฒ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
In this checkup, I want you to focus on the โ€˜beโ€™ verbs.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
Remember โ€˜beโ€™ verbs, in the present simple tense, can be โ€˜isโ€™, โ€˜amโ€™, or โ€˜areโ€™.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'is', 'am' ๋˜๋Š” 'are'๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:19
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:21
It says, โ€˜She _ blank _ at school.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” _ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ _ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
The subject of this sentence is โ€˜sheโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'she' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
What โ€˜beโ€™ verb do we use for โ€˜sheโ€™?
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'she'์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
00:32
The correct answer is โ€˜isโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์ด๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
00:36
Now if you were thinking of the negative, the
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:39
correct answer would be โ€˜she isn'tโ€™
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'
00:42
or โ€˜she is notโ€™.
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๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
That's correct as well.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
And if we want to use a contraction for โ€˜she isโ€™, we can say โ€˜she's at schoolโ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'she is'์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด 'she's at school'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
For the next one, it says, โ€˜They _ blank _ twenty years old.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ '๊ทธ๋“ค _ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ _ 20์„ธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
The subject of this sentence is โ€˜theyโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
What โ€˜beโ€™ verb do we use for โ€˜theyโ€™?
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'๊ทธ๋“ค'์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
01:06
The correct answer is โ€˜areโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์ด๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
01:12
For the negative, you can also use โ€˜aren'tโ€™ or โ€˜are notโ€™.
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๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์—๋Š” 'aren't' ๋˜๋Š” 'are not'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
Also if you want to use the contraction for โ€˜they areโ€™, you can say,
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๋˜ํ•œ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€'์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
01:23
โ€˜They're 20 years old.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ 20์„ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
The next sentence says, โ€˜His father _ blank_ busy.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š”_๊ณต๋ฐฑ_๋ฐ”๋น '์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
The subject of this sentence is โ€˜his fatherโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
What subject pronoun do we use for โ€˜his fatherโ€™?
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'๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€'์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:39
The correct answer is โ€˜heโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์ด๋‹ค.
01:42
Remember for โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, โ€˜itโ€™, the โ€˜beโ€™ verb is โ€˜isโ€™.
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'he', 'she', 'it'์˜ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'is'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:49
For the negative, we can say โ€˜isn'tโ€™ or โ€˜is notโ€™.
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๋ถ€์ •์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” '์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” '์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
And for a contraction, for โ€˜fatherโ€™ and โ€˜isโ€™, we can say, โ€˜His father's busy.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ถ•ํ˜•์ธ 'father'์™€ 'is'๋Š” '๊ทธ์˜ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”์˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
Now I want you to try to find the mistakes in this sentence.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
โ€˜We isn't good friends.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
02:11
Did you find the mistake?
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
02:15
This is the mistake.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
The subject is โ€˜weโ€™ and the โ€˜beโ€™ verb is โ€˜areโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'we'์ด๊ณ  'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'are'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
Therefore, the correct answer is โ€˜we are notโ€™,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ •๋‹ต์€ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค',
02:26
or the contraction, โ€˜we aren't good friends.โ€™
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ํ˜น์€ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
02:34
The next sentence.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ.
02:35
Can you find the mistake?
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
02:37
โ€˜Are John a teacher?โ€™
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'์กด์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?'
02:40
Think about the subject of this sentence.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
02:44
The subject is โ€˜Johnโ€™.
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์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '์กด'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:47
And โ€˜Johnโ€™, the subject pronoun is โ€˜heโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'John', ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” 'he'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
Therefore, we don't use โ€˜areโ€™, we use โ€˜isโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ 'are'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  'is'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
โ€˜Is John a teacher?โ€™
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'์กด์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?'
02:59
โ€˜Is John a teacher?โ€™
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'์กด์€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?'
03:02
And finally, โ€˜It am a puppy.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์˜ˆ์š”.'
03:05
hmm This one is a big mistake.
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ํ  ์ด๊ฑด ํฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋„ค์š”.
03:08
The subject here is โ€˜itโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'it'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
What โ€˜beโ€™ verb do we use for โ€˜itโ€™?
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'it'์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
03:14
The correct answer is โ€˜isโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์ด๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
03:17
So we don't say, โ€˜It am a puppy,โ€™ we say, โ€˜It is a puppy.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  '๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
Great job guys.
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
03:24
Let's move on to the next checkup.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ ๊ฒ€์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
For the next checkup, I want you to think of some other verbs in the present simple
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ฒ€์ง„์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋“ค์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:30
tense.
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.
03:32
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
03:34
โ€˜He __ blank __ โ€ฆโ€™, I want you to think of the verb, โ€˜like his dinnerโ€™.
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'๊ทธ๋Š” __ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ __ ...', '๊ทธ์˜ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
What do we do to the verb when the subject is โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, or โ€˜itโ€™?
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ 'he', 'she', 'it'์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
03:44
Remember we add an โ€˜sโ€™.
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's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:47
โ€˜He likes his dinner.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.'
03:51
For the negative, you can also say, โ€˜He doesn't like his dinner.โ€™
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
The next sentence says, โ€˜My students __ blank __โ€ฆโ€™, I want you to think of โ€˜needโ€™,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๋‚˜์˜ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ __ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ __
04:02
โ€˜โ€ฆbooksโ€™.
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โ€ฆ
04:04
What is the subject pronoun for โ€˜my studentsโ€™?
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'๋‚˜์˜ ํ•™์ƒ'์˜ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:08
The correct answer is โ€˜theyโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ด๋‹ค.
04:10
If the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™, โ€˜youโ€™, โ€˜weโ€™, or โ€˜theyโ€™, in the present simple tense,
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๋‚˜', '๋„ˆ', '์šฐ๋ฆฌ', '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š”
04:16
we don't change the verb, we keep it as is.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
So the correct answer is, โ€˜My students need books.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์€ '๋‚ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
04:25
Now for the negative, you can say, โ€˜My students don't need books.โ€™
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ '๋‚ด ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ฑ…์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
The next sentence says, โ€˜I __ blank __โ€ฆโ€™, think of the verb,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ 'I __ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ __โ€ฆ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‚ฌ
04:36
โ€˜โ€ฆlive in London.โ€™
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'โ€ฆlive in London'์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:39
What do we do here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
04:41
Again the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™, therefore we don't change the verb.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'I'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
The correct answer is, โ€˜I live in London.โ€™
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
04:51
What's the negative?
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:52
โ€˜I don't live in London.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.'
04:55
For the next part, I would like for you to try to find the mistake in the sentence.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
โ€˜He doesn't likes math.โ€™
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'๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.'
05:04
What's the error here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:06
Well this is a negative.
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์Œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
โ€˜He doesn'tโ€ฆโ€™, that's correct.
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'๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€โ€ฆ', ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
However, we do not add an โ€˜sโ€™ when we have โ€˜doesn'tโ€™ in front of โ€˜itโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 'it' ์•ž์— 'does't'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:19
โ€˜Do he eat candy?โ€™
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'๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์‚ฌํƒ•์„ ๋จน๋‚˜์š”?'
05:22
Here we have a question.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:24
The subject of the sentence is โ€˜heโ€™.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
For โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, โ€˜itโ€™, when we're making a sentence in the present simple tense,
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'he', 'she', 'it'์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ๋Š” 'do
05:33
we use โ€˜doesโ€™ not โ€˜doโ€™.
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'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ 'does'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
So the correct answer is, โ€˜Does he eat candy?โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์€ '์‚ฌํƒ•์„ ๋จน๋‚˜์š”?' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
And finally, โ€˜Sam is play computer games.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์ƒ˜์€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
05:46
There are two present simple verbs here and we can't have that,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
so the correct way to fix this sentence is to get rid of the โ€˜isโ€™.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ณ ์น˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ 'is'๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
So take that out and say, โ€˜Sam plays computer games.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฑธ ๊บผ๋‚ด์„œ '์ƒ˜์€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:04
Add an โ€˜sโ€™ because the subject is โ€˜Samโ€™ which is a โ€˜heโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๊ทธ'์ธ 'Sam'์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:09
Great job!
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์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์–ด!
06:10
Let's move on to the next practice.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:12
For this next practice, we're taking a look at routines.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฃจํ‹ด์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
Remember the present simple tense can be used to describe events that happen regularly.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:22
Let's take a look at the first sentence,
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ_๊ณต๋ฐฑ_ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๋Š”
06:25
โ€˜We _ blank _ the bus every day.โ€™
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:28
And I want you to use the verb โ€˜takeโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'take'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:31
Here we see the clue word โ€˜every dayโ€™ which shows that this is a routine.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ์ƒ์ž„์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์„œ์ธ '๋งค์ผ'์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:37
The subject of the sentence is โ€˜weโ€™.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
In the present simple tense,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š”
06:42
remember if the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™, โ€˜youโ€™, โ€˜weโ€™, or โ€˜theyโ€™,
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๋‚˜', '๋„ˆ', '์šฐ๋ฆฌ', '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ด๋ฉด
06:47
we do not change the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:49
Therefore the correct answer is, โ€˜We take the bus every day.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ •๋‹ต์€ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ํƒ„๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
06:57
In the second sentence it says, โ€˜He _ blank _ to school every morning.โ€™
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” '๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ _ ๊ณตํ—ˆํ•œ _ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
Again a routine.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์ผ์ƒ.
07:05
The subject here is โ€˜heโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
What do we do if the subject is โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, or โ€˜itโ€™?
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ 'he', 'she', 'it'์ด๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
07:12
We add โ€˜sโ€™ or โ€˜esโ€™ to the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ์— 's' ๋˜๋Š” 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:15
In this example, the verb is โ€˜goโ€™, so we have to add โ€˜esโ€™.
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์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 'go'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
โ€˜He goes to school every morning.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งค์ผ ์•„์นจ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€์š”.'
07:26
In the next sentence, it says, โ€˜Lizzy not play (in parenthesis) tennis.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” 'Lizzy๋Š” (๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์—) ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
Here I want you to think about the negative form.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
Lizzy is a โ€˜sheโ€™.
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๋ฆฌ์ง€๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€'๋‹ค.
07:38
The subject pronoun is โ€˜sheโ€™ so what do we do for the negative?
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์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” 'she'์ธ๋ฐ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
07:44
We say โ€˜does notโ€™ or the contraction โ€˜doesn't play tennisโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ 'ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:52
We do not add an โ€˜sโ€™ or โ€˜esโ€™ to the end of the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— 's'๋‚˜ 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:56
Instead we say โ€˜doesn'tโ€™ or โ€˜does notโ€™.
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๋Œ€์‹ ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
Now I want you to find a mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
โ€˜They watches TV at night.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐค์— TV๋ฅผ ๋ณธ๋‹ค.'
08:09
Can you figure out what's wrong with the sentence?
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
08:12
The subject is โ€˜theyโ€™.
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์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ด๋‹ค.
08:15
Therefore, remember, we do not change the verb.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
08:20
We say โ€˜watchโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์‹œ๊ณ„'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
โ€˜They watch TV at nightโ€™.
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐค์— TV๋ฅผ ๋ณธ๋‹ค'.
08:27
In the next sentence, or question, it says, โ€˜Does he plays soccer every week?โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—๋Š” '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋งค์ฃผ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์™€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:33
The subject of the sentence is โ€˜heโ€™.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
To make a sentence, putting โ€˜doesโ€™ at the beginning is okay,
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด ์•ž์— 'does'๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์ง€
08:42
However, we don't put an โ€˜sโ€™ at the end of โ€˜playโ€™.
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๋งŒ, 'play' ๋’ค์—๋Š” 's'๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:47
Therefore, the correct answer is to simply say,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ •๋‹ต์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ
08:50
โ€˜Does he play soccer every week?โ€™
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'๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋งค์ฃผ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?'๋ผ๊ณ 
08:54
And finally, โ€˜He always forget his book.โ€™
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฑ…์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.'
09:00
In this case, the subject is โ€˜heโ€™.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'he'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
Remember, again, for he/she/it we add 's' or 'es' to the end of the verb.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. he/she/it์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— 's' ๋˜๋Š” 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
What's the verb in the sentence?
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
09:13
It's โ€˜forgetโ€™.
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'์žŠ๋Š”๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:15
Therefore we have to say, โ€˜He always forgets his book.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ฑ…์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
Great job.
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์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์–ด.
09:23
Let's move on to the next practice.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
09:26
In this checkup, we'll take a look at how the present simple tense can be used to describe
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:31
future events.
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.
09:33
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
09:35
It says, โ€˜The airplane _ blank _ tonight.โ€™
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'์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” _ ๋น„์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
And we're looking at the verb โ€˜leaveโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๋– ๋‚˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
What is the subject of the sentence?
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:45
The correct answer is โ€˜airplaneโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
What subject pronoun do we use for โ€˜airplaneโ€™?
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'๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ'์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์ œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
09:52
It's โ€˜itโ€™.
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'๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
Remember in the present simple tense, for โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, โ€˜itโ€™, we add an โ€˜sโ€™
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” 'he', 'she', 'it'์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์—
10:00
or โ€˜esโ€™ to the verb.
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's' ๋˜๋Š” 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:02
The verb here is โ€˜leaveโ€™ so we simply add an โ€˜sโ€™.
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'leave'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ 's'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
The correct answer is, โ€˜The airplane leaves tonight.โ€™
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:12
In the second sentence, it says, โ€˜Does the movie _blank_ soon?โ€™
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” '์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ณง _blank_ ๊ฐœ๋ด‰๋˜๋‚˜์š”?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์™€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
And we're using the verb โ€˜startโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ '์‹œ์ž‘'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:21
What is the subject of this sentence?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:24
Itโ€™s โ€˜movieโ€™.
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'์˜ํ™”' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:26
And what subject pronoun do we use for movie?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์ œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
10:30
Itโ€™s โ€˜itโ€™.
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'๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
So it's like saying, โ€˜Does it _ blank _ soon?โ€™
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ '๊ณง _ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์ด_ ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
Well this is a question, so we already have the correct word in the front - โ€˜doesโ€™.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์•ž์— 'does'๋ผ๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
For he/she/it, when we're asking a question, we use โ€˜doesโ€™.
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๊ทธ/๊ทธ๋…€/๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ 'does'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
Now all we have to do is use the same verb in its base form,
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
10:55
so โ€˜Does the movie start soon?โ€™
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'์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๊ณง ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๋‚˜์š”?'
10:58
We do not add an โ€˜sโ€™ or โ€˜esโ€™ here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” 's' ๋˜๋Š” 'es'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
Finally, it says, โ€˜Viki _ blank _ tomorrow.โ€™
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๋น„ํ‚ค_๊ณต๋ฐฑ_๋‚ด์ผ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋œน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:07
The subject of the sentence is โ€˜Vickiโ€™.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'Vicki' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:10
โ€˜Vickiโ€™ is a girl so the subject pronoun is โ€˜sheโ€™.
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'Vicki'๋Š” ์—ฌ์ž์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” 'she'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:15
You'll remember now that forโ€ฆ in this case, we put โ€˜worksโ€™.
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์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. for... ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” 'works'๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
w-o-r-k-s โ€˜worksโ€™.
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์ž‘๋™ '์ž‘๋™'ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
โ€˜Vicki works tomorrow.โ€™
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'๋น„ํ‚ค๋Š” ๋‚ด์ผ ์ผํ•ด์š”.'
11:26
Now let's find the mistakes in the sentence below.
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์ด์ œ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
โ€˜He do leave at 3:30 p.m.โ€™
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'๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์˜คํ›„ 3์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•ด์š”'
11:34
Actually there's only one mistake.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋”ฑ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
11:37
Can you find it?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:39
โ€˜He do leave at 3:30 p.m.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜คํ›„ 3์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ๋– ๋‚˜์š”'
11:43
We do not need the โ€˜doโ€™ here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 'do'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:47
We only use โ€˜doโ€™ in a question or in the negative form.
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'do'๋Š” ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์—๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:51
But also the subject is โ€˜heโ€™, so we would use โ€˜doesโ€™.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฃผ์–ด๋„ 'he'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'does'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
Either way we don't need this here.
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์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์ด๋“  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
Well now we have the verb โ€˜leaveโ€™ with the subject โ€˜heโ€™.
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์ด์ œ ์ฃผ์–ด 'he'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ 'leave'๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
Do you know what to do?
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผํ• ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
12:05
We simply change this to โ€˜leavesโ€™.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ '์žŽ'์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
Just like we did in the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
12:13
โ€˜He leaves at 3:30 p.m.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜คํ›„ 3์‹œ 30๋ถ„์— ์ถœ๋ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:17
In the next sentence, โ€˜They don't start school today.โ€™
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.' ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
12:22
We have a negative sentence.
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
โ€˜They don'tโ€ฆโ€™, that's correct.
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...', ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:27
โ€˜โ€ฆdo notโ€™ is correct.
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'...ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”'๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
For subject pronoun โ€˜theyโ€™.
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์ฃผ์ œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ '๊ทธ๋“ค'์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ.
12:31
However, in the negative form, we don't have to change the main verb at all.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์—์„œ๋Š” โ€‹โ€‹๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
Therefore, all we will do is say, โ€˜They don't start school today.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ '์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ฐœํ•™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
No โ€˜sโ€™.
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's'๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
Finally, โ€˜Does we eat at noon?โ€™
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ ์‹ฌ ๋จน์„๊นŒ?'
12:50
Take a look.
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12:50
What is the subject or subject pronoun in the sentence?
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๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ•˜๋‹ค.
๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋‚˜ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:55
The correct answer is โ€˜weโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
Think about the question form.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ˜•์‹์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
13:01
Do we say โ€˜doโ€™ or โ€˜doesโ€™ in the question form for the subject pronoun โ€˜weโ€™?
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์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ 'we'์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ˜•์‹์—์„œ 'do' ๋˜๋Š” 'does'๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:07
The correct answer is โ€˜doโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ 'ํ•œ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
13:10
We say โ€˜doโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ•œ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
So the correct way to say this sentence or question is,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๋‚˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
13:16
โ€˜Do we eat at noon?โ€™
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'์ •์˜ค์— ๋ฐฅ์„ ๋จน๋‚˜์š”?' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
Great job guys.
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
13:20
You're done with the practice.
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์—ฐ์Šต์ด ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
Thank you for your hard work.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ๋…ธ๊ณ ์— ๊ฐ์‚ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
13:33
For this checkup of the present continuous tense,
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ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ์œ„ํ•ด,
13:36
we'll look at how this tense can be used toย  describe an action that's happening right now.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:42
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:45
โ€˜You -blank- learning English.โ€™
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'๋‹น์‹ ์€ -๊ณต๋ฐฑ- ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
13:48
Remember for this tense, we startย  with the subject and the โ€˜beโ€™ verb
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์ด ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ
13:53
and then the verb โ€˜-ingโ€™.
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ '-ing'์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
We already have the verb โ€˜-ingโ€™ here, so we need the โ€˜beโ€™ verb.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ '-ing' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
The subject in the first sentence is โ€˜youโ€™.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'you'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
For โ€˜youโ€™, โ€˜weโ€™, and โ€˜theyโ€™,ย  we use the โ€˜beโ€™ verb - โ€˜areโ€™,
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'๋„ˆ', '์šฐ๋ฆฌ', '๊ทธ๋“ค'์—๋Š” 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ 'are'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ •๋‹ต์€
14:08
so the correct answer is,
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'
14:11
โ€˜You are learning Englishโ€™ right now.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:15
The next sentence says,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
14:16
โ€˜She _blank_ not watching TV.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” _๊ณต๋ฐฑ_ TV๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
This is the negative form ofย  the present continuous tense.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์˜ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์ด๋‹ค.
14:24
We have the word โ€˜notโ€™ before the verb โ€˜-ingโ€™,
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๋™์‚ฌ '-ing' ์•ž์— 'not'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
14:29
However, we're missing the โ€˜beโ€™ verb again.
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'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ๋น ์กŒ๋„ค์š”.
14:32
What is the be verb to useย  if the subject is โ€˜sheโ€™?
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ 'she'์ผ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  be ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
14:36
the correct answer is โ€˜isโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์ด๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
14:40
โ€˜She is not watching TV.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
14:44
This one says, โ€˜I _blank_ studying now.โ€™
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ '๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
The subject here is โ€˜Iโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๋‚˜'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:51
Again think of the โ€˜beโ€™ verb that goes before the subject โ€˜Iโ€™.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์–ด 'I' ์•ž์— ์˜ค๋Š” 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:56
The โ€˜beโ€™ verb is โ€˜amโ€™.
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'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'am'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
โ€˜I am studying now.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
15:01
We can also use a contraction and say, โ€˜I'm studying nowโ€™
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๋˜ํ•œ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ '๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:07
If we wanted to turn this into the negative form,
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. ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:10
we can also say, โ€˜I'm not studying now.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
Now, take a look at the nextย  sentence and find the mistake.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
15:19
โ€˜Layla is watch a movie.โ€™
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'๋ ˆ์ผ๋ผ๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
15:23
Here we have the subject and the subject pronoun for Layla would be โ€˜sheโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  Layla์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” 'she'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:29
We have the correct โ€˜beโ€™ verb - โ€˜isโ€™,
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ 'is'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:32
However, you'll notice we forgotย  the โ€˜-ingโ€™ at the end of the verb.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— '-ing'์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
We need to say, โ€˜watchingโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
โ€˜Layla is watching a movie.โ€™
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'๋ ˆ์ผ๋ผ๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
15:46
The next sentence says,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
15:47
โ€˜They playing soccer now.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:50
What's missing?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋น ์กŒ๋‚˜์š”?
15:52
If you got it the correct answer is we need the โ€˜beโ€™ verb โ€“ โ€˜areโ€™
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์ •๋‹ต์€ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:56
because the subject is โ€˜theyโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ 'they'์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 'are'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:59
โ€˜They are playing soccer now.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
16:03
And finally, โ€˜What do you do?โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?'
16:07
If you want to ask somebodyย  what they're doing right now,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
16:11
you say, 'whatโ€™... and the โ€˜beโ€™ verb โ€“ โ€˜are... you.. doing?โ€™
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'๋ฌด์—‡'... ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'be' ๋™์‚ฌ โ€“ 'are... you..doing?'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:22
โ€˜What are you doing?โ€™
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'๋ญํ•˜์„ธ์š”?'
16:25
Let's move on to the next practice.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
16:27
For this checkup we'll talk about the present continuous tense
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ์‹œ์ œ
16:31
and how it can be used to describe an action that started in the past and continues today.
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์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง€์†๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ด ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
It's a longer action.
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๋” ๊ธด ์ž‘์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
โ€˜He _blank_ studying economics.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” _blank_ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
16:45
Remember for this tense, we take theย  subject, a โ€˜beโ€™ verb, and then verb โ€˜-ingโ€™.
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์ด ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ฃผ์–ด, 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ, โ€‹โ€‹๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ '-ing'์„ ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:52
Here we already have the verb โ€˜-ingโ€™, โ€˜studyingโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋™์‚ฌ '-ing', 'studying'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:56
So what are we missing?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋†“์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
16:57
The โ€˜beโ€™ verb.
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'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:59
The correct โ€˜beโ€™ verb forย  the subject โ€˜heโ€™ is โ€˜isโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด 'he'์˜ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'is'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:04
So, โ€˜He is studying economics.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
17:07
The next sentence says, โ€˜They're _blank_ for the fight.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹ธ์›€์„ ํ•  _๊ณต๋ฐฑ_'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:12
The verb we want to use is โ€˜trainโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'train'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:15
Now we already have the 'be' verb here.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
It's in the contraction โ€˜thereโ€™ย  because it's โ€˜they areโ€™.
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค'์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— '๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ'๋ผ๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:23
All we have to do now is add โ€˜-ingโ€™ to the verb.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์— '-ing'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:27
โ€˜They're training for the fight these days.โ€™
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'์š”์ฆ˜ ์ „ํˆฌ ํ›ˆ๋ จ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ตฌ๋‚˜.'
17:33
And โ€˜We _blank_ teaching at the school.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
17:38
Again we're missing the โ€˜beโ€™ verb.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น ์กŒ๋„ค์š”.
17:41
What is the โ€˜beโ€™ verb for โ€˜weโ€™?
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์˜ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
17:44
The correct answer is โ€˜areโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์ด๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
17:47
โ€˜We are teaching at the school.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
17:51
Now let's look for theย  mistakes in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:56
โ€˜Ben is study to become a doctor.โ€™
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'๋ฒค์€ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
18:00
Can you find the error?
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์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
18:02
Well we have the subject and we have the proper โ€˜be verbโ€™.
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์Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ ์ ˆํ•œ 'be ๋™์‚ฌ'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:07
What we're missing is the โ€˜-ingโ€™ at the end of โ€˜studyโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†“์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ 'study' ๋์— ์žˆ๋Š” '-ing'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:13
The correct answer is, โ€˜Ben is studying to become a doctorโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๋ฒค์€ ์˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
18:19
Let's look at the next sentence.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:21
โ€˜I don't reading that book.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
18:24
hmm
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ํ 
18:25
โ€˜I don't reading that book.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.'
18:29
To form the negative in the present continuous, we don't use โ€˜doโ€™ or โ€˜doesโ€™
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ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ 'do'๋‚˜ 'does'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
18:34
We use the โ€˜beโ€™ verb. What is the be verb for โ€˜Iโ€™?
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'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋‚˜'์˜ be ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
18:39
The correct answer is โ€˜amโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์•„' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:42
โ€˜I am not reading that book.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
18:47
There is no contraction for โ€˜am notโ€™.
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'am not'์—๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:51
Finally, โ€˜They are to learn English.โ€™
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
18:55
We have the subject and we have the correct โ€˜beโ€™ verb,
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
18:59
but remember we need verb โ€˜-ingโ€™.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ '-ing' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
19:03
Therefore, the correct answer is,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ •๋‹ต์€
19:06
โ€˜They are learning English.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
19:10
Let's move on to the next checkup.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ ๊ฒ€์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:13
For this checkup we'll take a look at how the present continuous tense
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๊ณ„ํš์„ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
19:17
can be used to talk about future plans.
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ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:20
Let's take a look.
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์ž.
19:22
The first sentence says, โ€˜They're play a game tonight.โ€™
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์— ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:26
The verb we want to use is โ€˜playโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'play'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:30
Remember we start with the subjectย  and here we have it, โ€˜theyโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
19:34
Then we have the โ€˜beโ€™ verb.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:37
In this case we used a contractionย  for โ€˜they are โ€“ โ€˜theyโ€™reโ€™.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ โ€“ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€''์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:42
That's correct.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:43
After that we have to add โ€˜-ingโ€™ to the end of the verb,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— '-ing'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
19:48
so the correct answer is, โ€˜They're playing a game tonight.โ€™
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์— ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:54
The next sentence says, 'We _blank_ not studying tomorrow.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด์ผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ _๊ณต๋ฐฑ_'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:00
Looks good but there's a word that's missing.
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๋ณด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ข‹์€๋ฐ ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋น ์กŒ๋„ค์š”.
20:03
This is the negative form because we have โ€˜notโ€™.
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'not'์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:06
We simply need the โ€˜beโ€™ verb for โ€˜weโ€™.
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์—๋Š” 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋งŒ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:09
The correct โ€˜beโ€™ verb is โ€˜areโ€™. โ€˜We are not studying tomorrow.โ€™
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'are'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด์ผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
20:16
The next sentence says, โ€˜Lynn is _blank_ out tonight.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ 'Lynn์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค _blank_ ์™ธ์ถœ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:21
and we want to use the verb โ€˜goโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ 'go'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:24
Remember 'Lynn' and then the โ€˜beโ€™ verb โ€“ โ€˜isโ€™.
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'Lynn'์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ 'is'๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
20:28
That's correct. All we have to do is add โ€˜-ingโ€™.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ '-ing'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:34
โ€˜Lynn is going out tonight.โ€™
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'๋ฆฐ์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์— ์™ธ์ถœํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.' ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๋ฉด
20:37
To make this negative you can say,
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'Lynn์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค ์™ธ์ถœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ 
20:40
โ€˜Lynn is not going out tonight.โ€™ or โ€˜Lynn isn't going out tonight.โ€™
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋˜๋Š” '๋ฆฐ์€ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐค์— ์™ธ์ถœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
20:46
The next sentence says, โ€˜Laura isn't study this evening.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๋กœ๋ผ๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋…์— ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:51
Can you find the mistake?
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
20:54
Remember we have to addย  โ€˜-ingโ€™ to the end of the verb,
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— '-ing'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
20:59
so we need to say,
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'Laura๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋…์— ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ 
21:01
โ€˜Laura isn't studying this evening.โ€™
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๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
21:07
The next sentence says,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
21:09
โ€˜My sons will playing chess later.โ€™
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'๋‚˜์˜ ์•„๋“ค๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ฒด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‘˜ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:12
We are talking about a future plan,
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๊ณ„ํš์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
21:15
so you might be tempted to use โ€˜wellโ€™ or โ€˜willโ€™, I'm sorry.
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'์ž˜'์ด๋‚˜ '์˜์ง€'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”. ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:19
However, instead of saying โ€˜willโ€™, we use the โ€˜beโ€™ verb.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'will' ๋Œ€์‹  'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:24
โ€˜My sons are playing chess later.โ€™
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'๋‚ด ์•„๋“ค๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์ฒด์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‘˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.'
21:30
And finally, โ€˜She's not to eating dinner tonight.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋…์„ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
21:35
There's an extra word in here that we don't need.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:38
What is it?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
21:40
It's โ€˜toโ€™.
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'์—'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:42
Remember, subject - โ€˜beโ€™ verb, not verb โ€˜-ingโ€™.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '-ing' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:47
We do not need โ€˜toโ€™ in this sentence.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” 'to'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:51
All right well that's the end of this checkup.
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์ž, ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:54
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
22:03
For this checkup, we'll take a look at the present perfect tense.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:07
Which describes an action that happened at
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆํ™•์‹คํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„
22:10
an unknown or indefinite time in the past.
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์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:13
Let's look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:15
โ€˜She _blank_ read that book.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ _blank_ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
22:19
The subject in this sentence is โ€˜sheโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'she'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:22
For he/she/it, in this tense we say, โ€˜hasโ€™.
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๊ทธ/๊ทธ๋…€/๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ด ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ 'has'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:28
โ€˜She hasโ€™.
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”'.
22:29
Now, take a look at the verb.
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์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:32
It looks like โ€˜readโ€™.
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'์ฝ๋‹ค'๋กœ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:33
But remember we need to use the past participle of the verb.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
22:38
So It's actually โ€˜readโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” '์ฝ๋Š”๋‹ค'.
22:40
โ€˜readโ€™ and โ€˜readโ€™ are spelled the same.
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'์ฝ๋‹ค'์™€ '์ฝ๋‹ค'๋Š” ์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:43
โ€˜She has read that book.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
22:46
The second sentence says, โ€˜They _blank_ visit China.โ€™
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ _blank_ ์ค‘๊ตญ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์™€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:50
โ€˜visitโ€™ is the verb that you want to use here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:54
For โ€˜Iโ€™, โ€˜youโ€™, โ€˜weโ€™ and โ€˜theyโ€™, we use โ€˜haveโ€™.
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'๋‚˜', '๋„ˆ', '์šฐ๋ฆฌ', '๊ทธ๋“ค'์—๋Š” 'have'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:59
Not โ€˜hasโ€™.
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'์žˆ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:01
โ€˜They haveโ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค'
23:02
Now, what's the past participle of visit?
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์ž, ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
23:06
The answer is โ€˜visitedโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ'์ด๋‹ค.
23:08
โ€˜They have visited China.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ค‘๊ตญ์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
23:13
Next, โ€˜We _blank_ see that concert.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ์€ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ๋ฅผ _blank_ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
23:17
Again, for โ€˜Iโ€™, โ€˜youโ€™, weโ€™ and โ€˜theyโ€™ โ€“ we use โ€˜haveโ€™.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, '๋‚˜', '๋„ˆ', ์šฐ๋ฆฌ', '๊ทธ๋“ค'์—๋Š” 'have'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:23
โ€˜We haveโ€™.
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:24
Now, the past participle of โ€˜seeโ€™ is 'seen'.
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์ด์ œ 'see'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” 'seen'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:29
โ€˜We have seen that concert.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
23:33
Now, let's look for the mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
23:37
โ€˜Rick have been to Cuba.โ€™
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'๋ฆญ์€ ์ฟ ๋ฐ”์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
23:40
Take a look at the subject, โ€˜Rickโ€™.
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'๋ฆญ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
23:43
Rick is a โ€˜heโ€™.
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๋ฆญ์€ '๊ทธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:45
So instead of โ€˜haveโ€™, we need to change this to โ€˜hasโ€™.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 'have' ๋Œ€์‹ ์— 'has'๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:50
โ€˜Rick has been to Cuba.โ€™
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'๋ฆญ์€ ์ฟ ๋ฐ”์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
23:54
โ€˜Sally and I hasn't finished work.โ€™
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'์ƒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ผ์„ ๋งˆ์น˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
23:59
The subject in this sentence is โ€˜Sallyโ€™ and โ€˜Iโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'Sally'์™€ 'I'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:03
The pronoun for that is โ€˜weโ€™.
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๊ทธ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์ด๋‹ค.
24:06
โ€˜We hasn't finished work.โ€™
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'์•„์ง ์ผ์ด ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด.'
24:09
That still sounds weird, right?
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์•„์ง๋„ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ฃ ?
24:11
We have to change this to โ€˜have notโ€™ or the contraction โ€˜haven'tโ€™.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ 'have not' ๋˜๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜• 'haven't'๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:19
And finally, โ€˜I did go to the doctor.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด '๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
24:23
Now this sentence makes sense, but it's not the present perfect tense.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:28
We have to change it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:30
Remember, we use โ€˜haveโ€™ for the subject, โ€˜Iโ€™.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 'I'๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์—๋Š” 'have'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:35
But we're not done.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„์ง ๋๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:37
What is the past participle of โ€˜goโ€™?
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'go'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
24:43
It is โ€˜goneโ€™.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ”์–ด'.
24:45
โ€˜I have gone to the doctor.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.'
24:48
Great job.
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์ž˜ ํ–ˆ์–ด.
24:49
Let's move on to the next checkup.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ ๊ฒ€์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:51
In this checkup, we'll talk about the present perfect tense
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ
24:55
and how it can be used to describe an action that started in the past and is still true
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ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์–ด
25:01
today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ด ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:02
The first sentence says, โ€˜I _blank_ known Carly since 1994.โ€™
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๋‚˜๋Š” 1994๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ Carly๋ฅผ _๊ณต๋ฐฑ์œผ๋กœ_ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:08
The subject is โ€˜Iโ€™.
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์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '๋‚˜'์ด๋‹ค.
25:10
And we already have the past participle of the verb, โ€˜knowโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ 'know'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:14
Which is โ€˜knownโ€™.
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'์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ฒƒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:16
What are we missing?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋†“์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
25:18
The correct answer is โ€˜haveโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ฐ–๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:20
For โ€˜Iโ€™, โ€˜youโ€™, โ€˜weโ€™ and โ€˜theyโ€™, we use โ€˜haveโ€™ after the subject.
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'๋‚˜', '๋„ˆ', '์šฐ๋ฆฌ', '๊ทธ๋“ค'์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด ๋’ค์— 'have'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:27
The next sentence says,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
25:29
โ€˜He has been here _blank_ 2 p.m.โ€™
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'He has been here _blank_ 2 pm'
25:33
Now the first part is all there.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด์ œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:36
โ€˜He has beenโ€™.
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค'.
25:38
However, remember that for the present perfect tense,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š”
25:41
we use โ€˜forโ€™ or โ€˜sinceโ€™ to talk about how long that action has been true.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ํ–‰๋™์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ง€์†๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ 'for'๋‚˜ 'since'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
25:47
In this case, we use โ€˜sinceโ€™.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” '๋ถ€ํ„ฐ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:50
Because 2 p.m. is a specific period in time.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜คํ›„ 2์‹œ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:55
Next it says, โ€˜She _blank_ liked Tom since June.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” 6์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ Tom์„ _blank_ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:00
The subject is โ€˜sheโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€'์ด๋‹ค.
26:03
And we have the past participle of the verb โ€˜likeโ€™, which is 'liked'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'like'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ 'like'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:08
What are we missing?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋†“์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
26:10
Again, we need โ€˜haveโ€™ or โ€˜hasโ€™.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, 'have' ๋˜๋Š” 'has'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:13
Because the subject is โ€˜sheโ€™...
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๊ทธ๋…€'์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—...
26:16
Can you figure out which one you need?
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
26:19
The correct answer is โ€˜hasโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์žˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:22
โ€˜She has liked Tom since June.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” 6์›”๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ†ฐ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.'
26:26
Now, I want you to find a mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:30
โ€˜I have worked here six months ago.โ€™
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'์ €๋Š” 6๊ฐœ์›” ์ „์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
26:34
Can you find a mistake here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
26:37
โ€˜I have workedโ€™ - that's correct.
415
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค' - ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:40
However, in the present perfect tense, we don't use โ€˜agoโ€™.
416
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” '์ „'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:46
This is talking about more the past.
417
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:49
We want to talk about โ€˜sinceโ€™ or โ€˜forโ€™ instead.
418
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๋Œ€์‹  '๋ถ€ํ„ฐ'๋‚˜ '~์„ ์œ„ํ•ด'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:53
Now โ€˜six monthsโ€™ is not a specific time.
419
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์ด์ œ '6๊ฐœ์›”'์€ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:57
So we don't use โ€˜sinceโ€™.
420
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '๋ถ€ํ„ฐ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:59
Instead, we talk about the duration.
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๋Œ€์‹  ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:02
So we need โ€˜forโ€™.
422
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'for'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:05
We'll say, โ€˜I have worked here for six months.โ€™
423
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 6๊ฐœ์›” ๋™์•ˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:10
Let's take a look at the next sentence.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:12
โ€˜Jen have a cold for two weeks.โ€™
425
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'์  ์€ 2์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์–ด์š”.'
27:17
At first glance, this doesn't seem that wrong.
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์–ธ๋œป ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด ๋ง์€ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ง์€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:20
But remember, Jen is a โ€˜sheโ€™.
427
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. Jen์€ '๊ทธ๋…€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:24
So we need โ€˜hasโ€™.
428
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'has'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:26
โ€˜Jen hasโ€™.
429
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'์  ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”'.
27:28
But wait a minute, โ€˜Jen has have a coldโ€™?
430
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ž ๊น๋งŒ์š”, '์  ์ด ๊ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ ์š”?
27:31
That's not right either.
431
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:33
We need the past participle of โ€˜haveโ€™.
432
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'have'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:36
What is the past participle?
433
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
27:39
The correct answer is โ€˜hadโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ 'ํ–ˆ๋‹ค' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:42
โ€˜Jen has had a cold for two weeks.โ€™
435
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'Jen์€ 2์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
27:47
And finally, โ€˜We haven't went home since Friday.โ€™
436
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
27:52
This one is a little tricky.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ข€ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:54
The subject is โ€˜weโ€™.
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์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'๋‹ค.
27:56
โ€˜We have... have notโ€™.
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”... ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
27:58
That's correct.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:59
The contraction is โ€˜haven'tโ€™.
441
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์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์€ '์•Š์•˜๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:01
โ€˜We haven'tโ€™.
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'.
28:02
Now the problem is, we have this verb โ€˜wentโ€™.
443
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” 'went'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:06
That's in the past simple tense.
444
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:09
We need the past participle of โ€˜goโ€™.
445
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'go'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:14
The correct answer is โ€˜goneโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ๋‹ค' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:18
โ€˜We haven't gone home since Friday.โ€™
447
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
28:22
Good job, guys.
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
28:23
Let's move on to the next checkup.
449
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ ๊ฒ€์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:25
In this checkup, we'll take a look at the present perfect tense.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:29
And how it is used to describe an action that finished recently.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:34
We'll be focusing on the words, โ€˜justโ€™, โ€˜alreadyโ€™ and โ€˜recentlyโ€™ to show this.
452
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด '๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ', '์ด๋ฏธ', '์ตœ๊ทผ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:39
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:42
โ€˜She has just _blank_ that book.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ _blank_ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
28:45
And we're using the verb, โ€˜readโ€™.
455
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์ฝ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:47
Remember, we take the subject, โ€˜sheโ€™.
456
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€'๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:50
And for โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™ and โ€˜itโ€™, we say โ€˜hasโ€™.
457
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'he', 'she', 'it'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” 'has'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:54
So that's correct.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:56
Now we need the past participle of โ€˜readโ€™.
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์ด์ œ 'read'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:00
And that is โ€˜readโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '์ฝ๊ธฐ'์ด๋‹ค.
29:04
โ€˜She has just read that book.โ€™
461
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
29:07
You'll notice I use the word, โ€˜justโ€™ right before the past participle.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•ž์— 'just'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:12
Next it says, โ€˜They have alreadyโ€™ and the verb is โ€˜wake upโ€™.
463
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๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฏธ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๊นจ์–ด๋‚˜๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:19
If the subject is โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™, or โ€˜itโ€™, we use โ€˜hasโ€™.
464
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ 'he', 'she', 'it'์ด๋ฉด 'has'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:24
But if the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™, โ€˜youโ€™, โ€˜weโ€™ or โ€˜theyโ€™, we use โ€˜haveโ€™.
465
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๋‚˜', '๋„ˆ', '์šฐ๋ฆฌ', '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ด๋ฉด 'have'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:29
So that's correct.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:31
โ€˜They haveโ€™.
467
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€'.
29:32
Also we have the word โ€˜alreadyโ€™ here to show that it happened recently
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๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ
29:37
or that it finished recently.
469
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๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋๋‚ฌ์Œ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด 'already'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:40
Now the verb is โ€˜wake upโ€™.
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์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๊นจ์–ด๋‚˜๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:42
We need the past participle of โ€˜wake upโ€™,
471
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'๊นจ์–ด๋‚˜๋‹ค'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ,
29:46
and that is โ€˜woken upโ€™.
472
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด '๊นจ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:51
So the answer is,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€
29:53
โ€˜They have already woken up.โ€™
474
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊นจ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
29:56
The next sentence says,
475
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
29:58
โ€˜We have recently _blank_ work.โ€™
476
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— _blank_ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:01
And the verb is โ€˜finishโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '์™„๋ฃŒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:04
โ€˜We haveโ€™, that's correct.
478
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์žˆ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:06
And we have the word 'recently' to show when the action finished.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž‘์—…์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” '์ตœ๊ทผ'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:10
And now we need to find the past participle of the verb โ€˜finishโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ 'finish' ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:15
The correct answer is.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:17
โ€˜We have recently finished, -ed, work.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋งˆ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
30:24
Now try to find the mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
30:29
โ€˜Morty has eaten just.โ€™
484
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'๋ชจํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
30:32
This sounds a little strange, right?
485
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์ข€ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ฃ ?
30:34
That's because โ€˜justโ€™ needs to come before the verb.
486
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๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— 'just'๊ฐ€ ์™€์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
30:40
Therefore, the answer is โ€˜Morty has just eaten.โ€™
487
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ '๋ชจํ‹ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:45
The next sentence says, โ€˜Karen has recently be sick.โ€™
488
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ 'Karen์ด ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์•„ํ”„๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:51
Karen is a โ€˜sheโ€™.
489
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์นด๋ Œ์€ '๊ทธ๋…€'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:53
So โ€˜hasโ€™ is correct.
490
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ '์žˆ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:55
And there we have โ€˜recentlyโ€™.
491
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์ตœ๊ทผ'์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:58
Now we need the past participle of the verb.
492
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์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:03
โ€˜beโ€™ is our verb and the past participle of โ€˜beโ€™ is โ€˜beenโ€™.
493
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'be'๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  'be'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” 'been'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:08
โ€˜Karen has recently been sick.โ€™
494
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'Karen์€ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์•„ํŒ ์–ด์š”.'
31:12
And finally, โ€˜I have gone already to the dentist.โ€™
495
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์ด๋ฏธ ์น˜๊ณผ์— ๋‹ค๋…€์™”์–ด์š”.'
31:17
This is similar to another question we looked at just before.
496
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์ด๋Š” ์ง์ „์— ์‚ดํŽด๋ณธ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:21
โ€˜I have gone already to the dentist.โ€™
497
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์น˜๊ณผ์— ๊ฐ”์—ˆ์–ด.'
31:25
The placement of โ€˜alreadyโ€™ is a little awkward.
498
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'๋ฒŒ์จ'์˜ ๋ฐฐ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๋„ค์š”.
31:30
So we can say, โ€˜I have already gone.โ€™
499
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
31:34
So we can put โ€˜alreadyโ€™ before the verb,
500
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์•ž์— 'already'๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
31:37
โ€˜I have already gone to the dentistโ€™
501
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'I have been been to thedentist'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„
31:40
Or we can put this at the end,
502
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์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋์—
31:43
โ€˜I have gone to the dentist already.โ€™
503
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'I have been to thedental done'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:47
Both of those are correct.
504
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:49
Now, good job.
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์ž, ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
31:50
That is the end of the checkup.
506
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์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ ๊ฒ€์ด ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:52
Let's move on.
507
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
32:02
In this checkup, we will talk about the present perfect continuous tense.
508
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:07
This tense can be used to describe an event
509
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์ด ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์–ด ํ˜„์žฌ์—๋„ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š”
32:10
that started in the past and continues in the present.
510
1930560
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์‚ฌ๊ฑด์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
32:14
Let's take a look.
511
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ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์ž.
32:16
The first sentence says,
512
1936080
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
32:17
โ€˜He has _blank_ all week,โ€™
513
1937680
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'He has _blank_ all week'
32:20
And the verb is โ€˜sleepโ€™.
514
1940320
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์ด๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'sleep'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:22
For this tense, what we do is we first look at the subject, โ€˜heโ€™.
515
1942480
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์ด ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๋จผ์ € ์ฃผ์–ด 'he'๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:27
For โ€˜heโ€™, โ€˜sheโ€™ and โ€˜itโ€™, we put โ€˜hasโ€™.
516
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3600
'๊ทธ', '๊ทธ๋…€', '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์—๋Š” 'has'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:32
Then, we add โ€˜beenโ€™. โ€˜has beenโ€™.
517
1952560
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ 'be'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋๋‹ค'.
32:37
Finally we add โ€˜-ingโ€™ to the end.
518
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋์— '-ing'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:41
โ€˜He has been sleeping all week.โ€™
519
1961040
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
32:46
The next sentence says, โ€˜You haven't _blank_ for a year.โ€™
520
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ 'You have not _blank_ for a year'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:51
and the verb is โ€˜travelโ€™.
521
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '์—ฌํ–‰'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:53
Now, this is the negative form.
522
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:56
So you see the contraction - โ€˜haven'tโ€™.
523
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค โ€“ 'haven't'.
32:58
โ€˜You have notโ€™ or โ€˜You haven'tโ€™.
524
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'์•ˆ ํ–ˆ์–ด' ๋˜๋Š” '์•ˆ ํ–ˆ์–ด'.
33:01
Again, what we do after that is add โ€˜beenโ€™.
525
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ทธ ๋’ค์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ 'been'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:07
Then, do you remember what to do?
526
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ต๋‚˜๋‚˜์š”?
33:10
Add โ€˜-ingโ€™ to the verb.
527
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๋™์‚ฌ์— '-ing'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
33:17
โ€˜You haven't been traveling for a year.โ€™
528
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2640
'๋‹น์‹ ์€ 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์—ฌํ–‰์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
33:21
Next, it says โ€˜They _blank_ working all day.โ€™
529
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๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ _๊ณต๋ฐฑ_ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:25
So the verb โ€˜-ingโ€™ has already been provided for you.
530
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ '-ing'์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:30
Now, take a look at the subject.
531
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์ด์ œ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
33:33
The subject is โ€˜theyโ€™.
532
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์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ด๋‹ค.
33:35
Should we use โ€˜haveโ€™? or should we use โ€˜hasโ€™?
533
2015680
2880
'๊ฐ–๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด 'has'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
33:39
The correct answer is โ€˜haveโ€™.
534
2019360
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ฐ–๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:43
Then what do you put?
535
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ญ˜ ๋„ฃ๋‚˜์š”?
33:44
Remember, we put โ€˜beenโ€™.
536
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'bebe'๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:48
โ€˜They have been working all day.โ€™
537
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ผํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.'
33:51
Now if you want to make this negative, you can say,
538
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
33:54
โ€˜They haven't been working all day.โ€™
539
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ์ข…์ผ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ 
33:58
Now find the mistake in the next sentence.
540
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
34:01
โ€˜My friends have been watch TV.โ€™
541
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'๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด TV๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
34:08
โ€˜My friends have been watch TV.โ€™
542
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720
34:08
What's the mistake?
543
2048800
960
'๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด TV๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
๋ฌด์Šจ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์•ผ?
34:10
Remember, we need to add โ€˜-ingโ€™ to the end of the verb.
544
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— '-ing'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
34:16
So we should say,
545
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'๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”'๋ผ๊ณ 
34:19
โ€˜My friends have been watching TV.โ€™
546
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๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
34:23
Next, โ€˜Sal did talking for 10 minutes.โ€™
547
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, '์ƒ์€ 10๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
34:27
Hmm..
548
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ํ ..
34:28
Sal is a โ€˜he'.
549
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Sal์€ '๊ทธ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:30
And โ€˜talkingโ€™ is already there for you.
550
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ'๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‹น์‹  ๊ณ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:33
So what's in the middle of those two words is the mistake.
551
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:39
For โ€˜heโ€™, we use โ€˜hasโ€™.
552
2079360
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'๊ทธ'์—๋Š” 'has'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:41
So we say โ€˜has beenโ€™.
553
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์žˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:45
โ€˜Sal has been talking for 10 minutes.โ€™
554
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'Sal์€ 10๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆด์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
34:49
And finally,
555
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด
34:50
โ€˜He has been to eat for an hour.โ€™
556
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐฅ์„ ๋จน์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.'
34:54
Hmm..
557
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ํ ..
34:55
โ€˜He has beenโ€™ That's correct.
558
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค' ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:58
However, in this sentence, the base form of the verb โ€˜eatโ€™ was used.
559
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ '๋จน๋‹ค'์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:03
Instead, remember we need โ€˜-ingโ€™.
560
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๋Œ€์‹  '-ing'์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
35:11
This is the correct answer.
561
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:13
โ€˜He has been eating for an hour.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
35:17
All right, good job. and let's move on to the next practice.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‹ค์Œ ์—ฐ์Šต์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:21
In this practice, we'll take a look at the present perfect continuous tense,
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฐ์Šต์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ ,
35:26
And see how it expresses an action that has been happening recently or lately.
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:31
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:34
โ€˜She has _blank_ bad lately.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— _blank_ ์•ˆ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
35:37
And the verb is โ€˜feelโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋Š๋ผ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:40
Remember for โ€˜sheโ€™, we use โ€˜hasโ€™.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 'she'์—๋Š” 'has'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:44
Then don't forget we need to have โ€˜beenโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์•ผ' ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
35:48
โ€˜She has beenโ€™
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'She has been'
35:50
After that, we add โ€˜-ingโ€™ to the verb.
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์ดํ›„์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์— '-ing'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:57
The correct sentence is,
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
35:59
โ€˜She has been feeling bad lately.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜ ๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:02
The next sentence says,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
36:04
โ€˜We haven't _blank_ much recently.โ€™
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'์ตœ๊ทผ์—๋Š” _๊ณต๋ฐฑ_์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:07
And the verb is โ€˜cookโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:10
This is a negative sentence.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:12
So we say, โ€˜We have notโ€™ or the contraction - โ€˜haven'tโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์œผ๋กœ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:16
โ€˜We haven'tโ€™ Don't forget โ€˜beenโ€™, and then verb โ€˜-ingโ€™.
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'We Haven't' 'been'์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ '-ing'๋„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
36:24
โ€˜We haven't been cooking much recently.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
36:29
Finally, we move on, let's try to find the mistake.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:34
โ€˜We has been riding bikes to school recently.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
36:38
What's the mistake in this sentence?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
36:42
The subject here is โ€˜Weโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:44
For โ€˜Iโ€™, โ€˜youโ€™, โ€˜weโ€™ and โ€˜theyโ€™, we have to say โ€˜have beenโ€™, not โ€˜has
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'๋‚˜', '๋‹น์‹ ', '์šฐ๋ฆฌ', '๊ทธ๋“ค'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” '์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ '
36:50
beenโ€™.
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์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค' ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
36:54
โ€˜We have been riding bikes to school recently.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
36:58
And for the last one,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
37:00
โ€˜Jenny lately hasn't been helping me.โ€™
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'์š”์ฆ˜ ์ œ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋„์™€์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.'
37:04
The lately is placed wrong in this sentence.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” lately๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:08
We have to say,
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'์š”์ฆ˜ ์ œ๋‹ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋„์™€์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.'๋ผ๊ณ 
37:11
โ€˜Lately, Jenny hasn't been helping me.โ€™
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๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š” . ๋˜๋Š”
37:15
or we can also say,
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'Jenny๊ฐ€ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋„์™€์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ 
37:19
โ€˜Jenny hasn't been helping me lately.โ€™
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
37:23
Let's move on to the next checkup.
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. ๋‹ค์Œ ์ ๊ฒ€์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:25
In this checkup, we'll talk about the present perfect continuous tense
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ 
37:30
and how it expresses an action that stopped recently
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, ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ฉˆ์ท„ ์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”
37:33
but has a present result.
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ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—
37:36
The first sentence says,
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
37:37
โ€˜I _blank_ . That's why I'm so sweaty.โ€™
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'I _blank_'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋•€์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜์š”.'
37:42
The verb here is โ€˜exerciseโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '์šด๋™'์ด๋‹ค.
37:44
And the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๋‚˜'์ด๋‹ค.
37:46
Do we use โ€˜hasโ€™ or โ€˜haveโ€™ for the subject โ€˜Iโ€™?
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์ฃผ์–ด 'I'์— 'has' ๋˜๋Š” 'have'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
37:50
The correct answer is โ€˜haveโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ฐ–๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:54
Then, we put โ€˜beenโ€™ and then verb โ€˜-ingโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ 'been'์„ ๋„ฃ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ '-ing'์„ ๋„ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:05
Okay, so the correct answer is,
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ •๋‹ต์€
38:08
โ€˜I have been exercising.
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'์šด๋™ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:10
That's why I'm so sweaty.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋•€์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜์š”.'
38:12
That's the result.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:14
The next sentence says,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
38:16
โ€˜I'm covered in flour because I _blank_.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” _blank_ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฃจ๋กœ ๋’ค๋ฎ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:19
And the verb is โ€˜bakeโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๊ตฝ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:22
Take a look.
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๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ•˜๋‹ค.
38:23
I have โ€˜I'm covered in flour becauseโ€™
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'๋ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌป์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:27
So this first part is the result.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:30
I need to show the action that stopped recently in the present perfect continuous tense.
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ฉˆ์ถ˜ ๋™์ž‘์„ ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค˜์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
38:36
Again, the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๋‚˜'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:38
So we use โ€˜have beenโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'have been'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:42
Then, all we do is add โ€˜-ingโ€™ to the end of baking.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ฒ ์ดํ‚น ๋์— '-ing'๋งŒ ๋ถ™์ด๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:50
โ€˜I have been baking.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๋นต์„ ๊ตฝ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.'
38:52
So again,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋˜
38:53
โ€˜I'm covered in flour because I have been baking.โ€™
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'๋นต์„ ๊ตฝ๋‹ค ๋ณด๋‹ˆ ๋ฐ€๊ฐ€๋ฃจ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌป์—ˆ๋‹ค.'
38:57
And we can use the contraction and say,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
39:00
โ€˜I've been baking.โ€™
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'I've been baking'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:03
Now, find the mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
39:08
โ€˜She has think a lot, so she has a headache.โ€™
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'์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋งŽ์•„์„œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํ”„๋‹ค.'
39:12
Take a look.
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๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ•˜๋‹ค.
39:14
The result is that โ€˜she has a headache.โ€™
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š” '๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํ”„๋‹ค' ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:17
So we need to use the present perfect continuous for the first part.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:23
โ€˜She hasโ€™ is correct.
631
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”'์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:25
What's missing?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋น ์กŒ๋‚˜์š”?
39:27
Don't forget the โ€˜beenโ€™.
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'๋์—ˆ๋‹ค'๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
39:30
Also don't forget that we need to add โ€˜-ingโ€™ to the verb.
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ์— '-ing'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
39:37
โ€˜She has been thinking a lot, so she has a headache.โ€™
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'์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋งŽ์•„์„œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„ํ”„๋„ค์š”.'
39:42
Look at the next sentence and find the mistake.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
39:45
โ€˜I'm so hungry because I have been diet.โ€™
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'๋‹ค์ด์–ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”„๋‹ค.'
39:50
The only mistake here is that someone forgot to put the โ€˜-ingโ€™ at the end of the verb, โ€˜dietโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์œ ์ผํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ 'diet'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— '-ing'์„ ๋„ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:00
The correct answer is,
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์ •๋‹ต์€
40:02
โ€˜I'm so hungry because I have been dieting.โ€™
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'๋‹ค์ด์–ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์„œ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”„๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
40:06
Great job, everyone.
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
40:08
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
40:17
In this first checkup, we'll take a look at
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š”
40:20
practice questions using the 'be' verb in the past simple tense.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
40:25
Remember the 'be' verbs in the past simple tense are โ€˜wasโ€™ or โ€˜wereโ€™.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'was' ๋˜๋Š” 'were'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
40:30
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:33
โ€˜He __ at work earlier.โ€™
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'๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๊นŒ ์ง์žฅ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด.'
40:36
The subject here is โ€˜weโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:38
So do we use โ€˜wasโ€™ or โ€˜wereโ€™?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ 'was'๋‚˜ 'were'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
40:41
The correct answer is โ€˜wasโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
40:44
โ€˜He was at work earlier.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„๊นŒ ์ง์žฅ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
40:48
The next sentence says,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
40:49
โ€˜We _____ very happy yesterday.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:53
If the subject is โ€˜weโ€™, remember the be verb is โ€˜wereโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ 'we'๋ผ๋ฉด be ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'were'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
41:00
โ€˜We were very happy yesterday.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ๋งค์šฐ ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
41:03
Next, โ€˜My parents or they __ worried about me.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ '๋‚˜์˜ ๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ๋ถ„๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค.'
41:09
If it's 'they', remember we have to say โ€˜wereโ€™.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ด๋ผ๋ฉด '์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
41:14
โ€˜My parents were worried about me.โ€™
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'๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์…จ์–ด.'
41:17
If I want to use the negative, I can also say โ€˜My parents weren't worried about me.โ€™
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด '๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์€ ๋‚˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:22
And that's possible.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:24
Now I want you to find the mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:29
โ€˜We wasn't good students.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
41:32
We wasn't good students.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:35
Can you figure out what's wrong?
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
41:37
The subject here is โ€˜weโ€™, so we don't say โ€˜was notโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ '์•Š์•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:42
We need to say โ€˜were notโ€™ or the contraction โ€˜weren'tโ€™.
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'์•Š์•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ '์•Š์•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:49
โ€˜We weren't good students,โ€™ is the correct answer.
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”'๊ฐ€ ์ •๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:54
The next one says, โ€˜Were she a teacher?โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:58
Now, this is a question so the be verb comes at the beginning.
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ be ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:02
That's correct, but the subject here is โ€˜sheโ€™.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค๋งŒ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'she'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:06
Therefore, we need to start with โ€˜wasโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ 'was'๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:10
โ€˜Was she a teacher?โ€™
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'๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?'
42:13
And finally,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ
42:14
โ€˜They wasn't at school.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต์— ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
42:17
The subject is โ€˜theyโ€™, so the answer is
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๊ทธ๋“ค'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ต์€
42:25
โ€˜They weren't at school.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต์— ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:27
You can use the contraction โ€˜weren'tโ€™ or โ€˜were notโ€™.
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์ถ•์•ฝํ˜• 'weren't' ๋˜๋Š” 'were not'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:32
Let's move on to the next checkup.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ ๊ฒ€์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:35
Now, let's practice regular verbs in the past simple tense.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:39
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
42:42
โ€˜He ____ at home.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ____ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.'
42:44
The verb is โ€˜studyโ€™.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:46
Remember, when changing a regular verb into
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์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
42:49
the past tense, we add โ€˜dโ€™ or โ€˜edโ€™ to the end of the
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— 'd' ๋˜๋Š” 'ed'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
42:54
verb.
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.
42:55
However, there's a separate rule for words that end in โ€˜yโ€™.
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๋‹จ, 'y'๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์—๋Š” ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:59
Such as, โ€˜studyโ€™.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด '๊ณต๋ถ€'.
43:01
We drop the โ€˜yโ€™ and we add โ€˜iedโ€™.
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'y'๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜๊ณ  'ied'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:05
So the correct answer is,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์€
43:07
โ€˜He studied at home.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์ง‘์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
43:12
The next sentence says, โ€˜We __ pencils.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ 'We __ pencils'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:16
We want to use negative because it says โ€˜not useโ€™.
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'์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:20
Remember for the negative, we always use โ€˜did notโ€™, no matter what the subject.
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๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ 'did not'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:30
You can also use the contraction โ€˜didn'tโ€™.
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'didn't'๋ผ๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:33
Now, what do we do to the verb?
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์ด์ œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
43:35
We keep it as โ€˜isโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ '์žˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ' ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:37
We do not change it.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:40
โ€˜We didn'tโ€™ or โ€˜We did notโ€™ use pencils.
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์—ฐํ•„์„ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค' ๋˜๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'.
43:45
The next sentence says, โ€˜His friends or they walk to the gym.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๊ทธ์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:51
What's the past tense of โ€˜walkโ€™?
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'๊ฑท๋‹ค'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
43:54
We simply have to add โ€˜edโ€™ because it's a regular verb.
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'ed'๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:02
โ€˜His friends walked to the gym.โ€™
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'๊ทธ์˜ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์œผ๋กœ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
44:05
Now, find a mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
44:11
โ€˜She didn't likes math.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.'
44:14
โ€˜didn'tโ€™ is correct.
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'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:16
However, remember we keep the verb as โ€˜isโ€™ in the base form.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ 'is'๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
44:22
So we don't say โ€˜likesโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:24
We say โ€˜likeโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์ข‹์•„์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:26
โ€˜She didn't like math.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•™์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.'
44:28
The next sentence says, โ€˜Did it rained this morning?โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์™”๋‚˜์š”?'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:32
Now this is a question.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:35
In a question, itโ€™s right to start the sentence with โ€˜Didโ€™.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” 'Did'๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:39
โ€˜Did it rained?โ€™
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'๋น„๊ฐ€ ์™”๋‚˜์š”?'
44:41
Do you notice the mistake?
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
44:43
Remember, we do not use the past tense form in the question.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์—๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
44:49
We use the base form of the verb.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:51
โ€˜Did it rain this morning?โ€™
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'์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ๋น„๊ฐ€ ์™”๋‚˜์š”?'
44:54
And finally, โ€˜They not play the piano.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
44:58
The verb is an action verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ–‰์œ„๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋‹ค.
45:00
So we need a โ€˜didโ€™ in front of โ€˜notโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'not' ์•ž์— 'did'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:05
โ€˜They did not play the piano.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ”ผ์•„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.'
45:09
Let's move on to the next checkup.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์ ๊ฒ€์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:11
Now, I'll talk about irregular verbs in the past simple tense.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:16
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
45:18
โ€˜He __ to school.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” __ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
45:21
And the verb is โ€˜runโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:23
โ€˜runโ€™ is an irregular verb, so the past tense form is โ€˜ranโ€™.
727
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'run'์€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ 'ran'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:30
โ€˜He ran to school.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต๋กœ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค๊ฐ”๋‹ค.'
45:33
The next sentence says, โ€˜We __ flowers.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ 'We __ flowers.'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:36
We want to use the negative because here it says โ€˜not growโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” '์„ฑ์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Œ'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:41
Remember, no matter what the subject in the negative form,
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ ,
45:45
we say โ€˜did notโ€™
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค'
45:50
or โ€˜didn'tโ€™.
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๋˜๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:53
Then we keep the verb in its base form.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:59
โ€˜We did not growโ€™ or โ€˜We didn't grow flowers.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž๋ผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋˜๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฝƒ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
46:04
The next sentence says, โ€˜Where __ you teach last year?โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '์ž‘๋…„์— __ ์–ด๋””์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:09
This is a question.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:11
Again, all we need to put is โ€˜didโ€™.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€ 'ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:16
โ€˜Where did you teach last year?โ€™
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'์ž‘๋…„์—๋Š” ์–ด๋””์„œ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณค๋‚˜์š”?'
46:18
It doesn't matter what the subject is.
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์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:21
We always go with โ€˜didโ€™.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ 'did'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:24
Next, try to find the mistake in the next sentence.
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ, ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
46:28
โ€˜He didn't sold newspapers.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ํŒ”์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.'
46:31
Remember, in the negative, โ€˜didn'tโ€™ is correct for whatever subject there is.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ฃผ์ œ์—๋“  ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ๋Š” 'didn't'๊ฐ€ ์˜ณ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
46:38
However, we need to keep the verb in its base form.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:42
So the correct answer is, โ€˜He didn't sell newspapers.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ํŒ”์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
46:48
The next sentence says, โ€˜Did she sing a song?โ€™
747
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋ €๋‚˜์š”?'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:52
You'll notice it's a similar problem here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:55
โ€˜sangโ€™ is the irregular past tense form of โ€˜singโ€™.
749
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'sang'์€ 'sing'์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:59
But in a question, if it starts with โ€˜didโ€™,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ 'did'๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด
47:03
we use the base form.
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๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:05
โ€˜Did she sing a song?โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๋ €๋‚˜์š”?'
47:09
And finally, โ€˜We taked it home.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
47:13
Does that sound right?
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๊ทธ ๋ง์ด ๋งž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‚˜์š”?
47:15
โ€˜takedโ€™ is not correct.
755
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'์ฐ๋‹ค'๋Š” ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:18
The past tense of โ€˜takeโ€™ is โ€˜tookโ€™.
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'take'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ 'take'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:23
โ€˜We took it home.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
47:25
Great job, everyone.
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
47:27
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
47:36
In this section, let's do a checkup for the past continuous tense.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:41
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
47:44
โ€˜Last night they were blank at school.โ€™
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'์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต์— ํ…… ๋น„์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
47:48
I want you to try to fill in the blank with the negative for the verb โ€˜stayโ€™.
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'stay'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋นˆ์นธ์„ ์ฑ„์›Œ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:53
โ€˜not stayโ€™
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'๋จธ๋ฌผ์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ'
47:55
What do you think it is?
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๋Š” ๊ฒŒ ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
47:57
Remember, for the negative of the past continuous,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์˜ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์—๋Š”
48:01
all you have to do is put โ€˜notโ€™ and then โ€˜verb-ingโ€™ after the 'be' verb.
767
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'be' ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— 'not'์„ ๋ถ™์ด๊ณ  'verb-ing'์„ ๋ถ™์ด๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:07
โ€˜They were not staying at school last.โ€™
768
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
48:16
โ€˜Last night, they were not staying at school.โ€™
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'์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•™๊ต์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
48:20
The next sentence says,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
48:22
โ€˜Two days ago you blank soccer.โ€™
771
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'์ดํ‹€ ์ „ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‰ฌ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:26
Again try the negative for the verb โ€˜playโ€™.
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๋‹ค์‹œ 'play'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
48:31
โ€˜Two days ago blank not play soccer.โ€™
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'์ดํ‹€ ์ „ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
48:35
In this case, the first thing that's missing is the โ€˜beโ€™ verb.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ๋น ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์€ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:40
If the subject is โ€˜youโ€™, can you think of which be verb needs to be put in there?
775
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ '๋„ˆ'๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์–ด๋–ค be๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
48:46
The correct answer is โ€˜wereโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์—ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
48:49
And then, we say โ€˜notโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์•„๋‹ˆ์š”'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:53
What happens after that?
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๊ทธ ํ›„์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
48:55
Remember, โ€˜verb-ingโ€™.
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'๋™์‚ฌ-ing'์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
48:58
So โ€˜you were not playingโ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'you was not play'
49:02
โ€˜two days ago, you were not playing soccerโ€™
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'two days ago, you was not player football'์„
49:06
You can also use a contraction and say,
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์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 'You was not play football'
49:08
โ€˜You weren't playing soccer.โ€™
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์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
49:11
Now try to find the mistake in the next sentence.
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. ์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
49:15
โ€˜Yesterday, she were reading at home.โ€™
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'์–ด์ œ๋Š” ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
49:19
hmmm
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ํ 
49:20
The subject of this sentence is โ€˜sheโ€™ so the โ€˜beโ€™ verb to use is not โ€˜wereโ€™.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'she'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'were'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:27
It's 'was'.
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'์˜€๋‹ค' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:29
โ€˜Yesterday, she was reading at home.โ€™
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'์–ด์ œ๋Š” ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
49:33
In the next sentence it says, โ€˜Tomorrow, they were seeing their friends.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” '๋‚ด์ผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:39
hmmm
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ํ 
49:40
โ€˜Theyโ€™ and โ€˜wereโ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค'๊ณผ '์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'
49:42
That's correct.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:43
And we have the โ€˜verb-ingโ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๋™์‚ฌ-ing'์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:46
So what's the mistake?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
49:48
Remember the past continuous is for the past.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ž„์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
49:52
โ€˜Tomorrowโ€™ is not the past.
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'๋‚ด์ผ'์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:55
So instead, we need to put a word that shows the past.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:00
For example, I can say, โ€˜yesterdayโ€™.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '์–ด์ œ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:05
โ€˜Yesterday, they were seeing their friends.โ€™
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'์–ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
50:08
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
50:10
Now, let's start a checkup of the โ€˜whenโ€™ usage
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์ด์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์˜
50:13
of the past continuous tense.
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'์–ธ์ œ' ์šฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
50:15
Take a look at the first example.
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. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
50:18
It says, โ€˜Andrea and Johnโ€™ blank when they bank hurt.โ€™
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'์•ˆ๋“œ๋ ˆ์•„์™€ ์กด'์ด ์€ํ–‰์— ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ž…์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
50:24
Remember โ€˜whenโ€™ shows an interrupting action.
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'์–ธ์ œ'๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉํ•ด ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
50:28
It needs to be used with the past simple tense.
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๋‹จ์ˆœ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:31
So let's first look at the second blank.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋จผ์ € ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:34
โ€˜When they blank hurtโ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ƒ์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์ž…์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ'
50:37
What's the past tense of the verb โ€˜getโ€™?
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๋™์‚ฌ 'get'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
50:40
The answer is โ€˜gotโ€™.
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๋‹ต์€ '์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
50:43
Now let's take a look at the action that was in progress in the past.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ง„ํ–‰๋œ ์ž‘์—…์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:48
โ€˜Andrea and Johnโ€™ or โ€˜theyโ€™
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'์•ˆ๋“œ๋ ˆ์•„์™€ ์กด' ๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค'
50:52
Well what comes after โ€˜theyโ€™?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ '๊ทธ๋“ค' ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ์˜ค๋‚˜์š”?
50:54
โ€˜wereโ€™.
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'์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค'.
50:56
โ€˜Andrea and John wereโ€™
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'Andrea and John was'
50:58
Then remember we need to add -ing to the verb.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ์— -ing๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
51:03
โ€˜They were skiingโ€™ or โ€˜Andrea and John were skiing when they got hurtโ€™.
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Šคํ‚ค๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋˜๋Š” '์•ˆ๋“œ๋ ˆ์•„์™€ ์กด์€ ๋ถ€์ƒ์„ ๋‹นํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์Šคํ‚ค๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
51:11
The next example says, โ€˜It blank not raining when the game blankโ€™.
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ๋Š” '๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด ๋น„์–ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋น„์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:16
And I want you to use the verb โ€˜startโ€™ for the second blank.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ 'start'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:21
Take a look โ€˜when the game blankโ€™ what's the past tense of โ€˜startโ€™?
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'๊ฒŒ์ž„์ด ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์ผ ๋•Œ'๋ฅผ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. '์‹œ์ž‘'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
51:28
โ€˜startedโ€™
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'์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'
51:30
Now let's look at the first part of the sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:33
The subject is โ€˜itโ€™.
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์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ'์ด๋‹ค.
51:36
So what โ€˜beโ€™ verb do we use for 'it'?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด 'it'์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
51:40
โ€˜wasโ€™
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'์˜€์ง€'
51:41
โ€˜It was not raining when the game started.โ€™
827
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'๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด.'
51:45
Now find the mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
51:51
โ€˜I wasn't study at the library yesterdayโ€™.
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ๋„์„œ๊ด€์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'.
51:56
The subject here is โ€˜Iโ€™ and so the โ€˜beโ€™ verb โ€˜wasโ€™ is correct.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'I'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ 'was'๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:01
Here there's a contraction, โ€˜I wasn'tโ€™ for โ€˜I was notโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” '๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ '๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:07
Now the problem is with the verb.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:10
Remember we need to put โ€˜โ€“ingโ€™ at the end of the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— '-ing'์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
52:15
โ€˜I wasn't studying at the library yesterday.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ๋„์„œ๊ด€์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
52:19
And finally, โ€˜We did meet our friends last weekend.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
52:25
That sounds right, but remember we're doing the past continuous tense.
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๋งž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
52:31
Take a look again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
52:32
The subject is โ€˜weโ€™.
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์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'๋‹ค.
52:35
We need a โ€˜beโ€™ verb.
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'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:37
โ€˜wereโ€™
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'ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'
52:39
Then what happens?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
52:40
Remember, we need to add an โ€˜-ingโ€™ to the end of the verb,
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋™์‚ฌ ๋์— '-ing'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
52:46
so we take out โ€˜didโ€™ and say, โ€˜We were meeting our friends last weekend.โ€™
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'did'๋ฅผ ๋นผ๊ณ  'We was Meet our friends last Weekend'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:52
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
52:53
Now, for this checkup, we'll look at the โ€˜whileโ€™ usage of the past continuous tense.
845
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์˜ 'while' ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:59
Take a look at the first example.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
53:02
โ€˜While I blank someone blank my bike.โ€™
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'๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋น„์šฐ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋‚ด ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋น„์›Œ๋ผ.'
53:06
When we use โ€˜whileโ€™ in the past continuous tense,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์—์„œ 'while'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
53:09
we're showing that two actions happened at the same time in the past
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋™์ž‘์ด ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
53:14
or they were happening at the same time in the past.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋™์‹œ์— ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:18
So we need to use the past continuous for both actions.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‘ ๋™์ž‘ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:23
โ€˜While I blankโ€™
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'๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์ธ ๋™์•ˆ'
53:26
I want you to use โ€˜shopโ€™ in the first blank.
853
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์—๋Š” 'shop'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:29
Remember, the subject here is โ€˜Iโ€™ so I need to use the โ€˜beโ€™ verb โ€˜wasโ€™.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” 'I'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ 'was'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:36
Then โ€˜verb-ingโ€™.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์€ '๋™์‚ฌ-ing'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:42
โ€˜While I was shoppingโ€™
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'์‡ผํ•‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ'
53:45
Now โ€˜someoneโ€™ can be a โ€˜heโ€™ or โ€˜sheโ€™.
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์ด์ œ '๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€'๋Š” '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ' ๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€'๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:49
Therefore, again we need to use โ€˜wasโ€™
858
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ 'was'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ
53:53
and then the โ€˜verb-ingโ€™ of โ€˜stealโ€™.
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๋‹ค์Œ 'steal'์˜ '๋™์‚ฌ-ing'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
53:58
โ€˜While I was shopping, someone was stealing my bike.โ€™
860
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'๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‡ผํ•‘์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ์ž์ „๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ํ›”์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
54:03
The next sentence says,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
54:04
โ€˜While he blankโ€™
862
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'While he ๊ณต๋ฐฑ'
54:07
I want you to use the verb โ€˜cookโ€™.
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋™์‚ฌ 'cook'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:10
The subject is โ€˜heโ€™ and so I need to use โ€˜was cookingโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ 'he'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'was Cooking'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:17
โ€˜While he was cooking, his girlfriend was cleaning.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ์˜ ์—ฌ์ž์นœ๊ตฌ๋Š” ์ฒญ์†Œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
54:27
Did you get that?
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880
๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„๋ƒˆ์–ด?
54:29
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
54:30
Try to find the mistake in the next sentence.
868
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
54:36
โ€˜Jane was looking for us while we get off the plane.โ€™
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'์ œ์ธ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
54:42
The first part of the sentence is correct.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:45
โ€˜Jane was lookingโ€™
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'Jane was looking'
54:47
Now the second part of the sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:50
Notice it's not in the past continuous tense.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
54:54
โ€˜While we get off the planeโ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ'
54:56
So what we need to do is say, โ€˜were gettingโ€™.
875
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ 'were getting'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:03
โ€˜Jane was looking for us while we were getting off the plane.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์ œ์ธ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
55:09
The next sentence says, 'I was watching TV while my wife sleepโ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:16
Again this part of the sentence did not use the past continuous tense.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:21
My wife is a โ€˜sheโ€™ and so I need to say โ€˜was sleepingโ€™.
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๋‚ด ์•„๋‚ด๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ '์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:30
โ€˜I was watching TV while my wife was sleeping.โ€™
880
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'์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋‚˜๋Š” TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
55:34
Great job, everyone.
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
55:36
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
55:46
Now let's take a look at some practice exercises for the basic usage of the past perfect tense.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:52
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
55:55
โ€˜I blank for six hours before I had a break.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— 6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
55:59
The verb here is โ€˜workโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '์ผํ•˜๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:02
Remember, we need to say โ€˜I hadโ€™.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์กŒ์—ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:05
No matter what the subject is, say โ€˜hadโ€™.
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์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  'had'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
56:10
And then, you take the past participle of the verb.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:14
In this case, we would say โ€˜workedโ€™.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” '์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:19
โ€˜I had worked for six hours before I had a break.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— 6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
56:24
For the next sentence, I want you to try the negative form.
892
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:28
โ€˜We blank TV before we listened to the radio.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ผ๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์ „์— TV๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
56:34
Remember, for the negative form, we say โ€˜had notโ€™
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๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 'had not'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
56:38
or we use the contraction, โ€˜hadn'tโ€™.
895
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'hadn't'๋ผ๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
56:43
โ€˜We hadnโ€™tโ€™.
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'.
56:44
And then, we need the past participle.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:50
โ€˜We hadn't watched TV before we listened to the radio.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ผ๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” TV๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
56:56
Now find the mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
57:01
โ€˜Reggie had it be to Mexico before he went to Peru.โ€™
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'Reggie๋Š” ํŽ˜๋ฃจ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”๋กœ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
57:06
Well, we have the subject here and for the negative, โ€˜hadn'tโ€™ is correct.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์ •ํ™•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:12
However, we need the past participle of the verb โ€˜beโ€™.
902
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌ 'be'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:18
So the correct answer is,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์€
57:20
โ€˜Reggie hadn't been to Mexico before he went to Peru.โ€™
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'๋ ˆ์ง€๋Š” ํŽ˜๋ฃจ์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
57:25
And finally, โ€˜Sally and Jan or they had do their job.โ€™
905
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, 'Sally์™€ Jan ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ์ผ์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
57:31
Hmm.
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ํ .
57:32
Remember, we need the past participle.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
57:35
We don't say do.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:37
We say โ€˜doneโ€™.
909
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์™„๋ฃŒ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:39
โ€˜Sally and Jan had done their job before they watched TV.โ€™
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'Sally์™€ Jan์€ TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ผ์„ ๋งˆ์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
57:45
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
57:46
In this checkup, we'll take a look at some practice exercises
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:50
for the past perfect tense that describes how long.
913
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๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:54
Let's take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:56
โ€˜You blank at the park for three hours before you came home.โ€™
915
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'์ง‘์— ์˜ค๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์„ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต์›์—์„œ ๋ฉํ•˜๋‹ˆ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ฃ .'
58:02
Remember, we start with the subject and then โ€˜hadโ€™.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ 'had'๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:06
So I'm going to add that here,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:08
then we need the past participle of the verb โ€˜beโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋™์‚ฌ 'be'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:13
And that is โ€˜beenโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ '๋์–ด์š”'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:15
โ€˜You had been at the park for three hours before you came home.โ€™
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'๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง‘์— ์˜ค๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์„ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต์›์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
58:21
The next sentence says,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
58:23
โ€˜They blank for six hours before they took a break.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „ 6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต๋ฐฑ์„ ๊ฐ–๋Š”๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:27
Again, no matter what the subject, we have โ€˜hadโ€™ and then the past participle.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  'had'์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:33
So the answer is,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€๋‹ต์€
58:36
โ€˜They had studied for six hours before they took a break.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‰ฌ๊ธฐ ์ „์— 6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:42
Now, find the mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
58:45
It's a little bit longer so it might take you a while.
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊ฑธ๋ ค์„œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ข€ ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:50
โ€˜They had been known each other for ten years before they had their first fight.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฒซ ์‹ธ์›€์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
58:56
Can you find the mistake?
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
58:58
Well, we have the subject and โ€˜hadโ€™, but check this out.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ 'had'๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
59:02
There are two past participles here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:05
We need to get rid of one of them.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:09
We can take out this verb and say, โ€˜They had known each other for ten years
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์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋นผ๋ฉด '๊ทธ๋“ค์€
59:15
before they had their first fight.โ€™
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์ฒซ ์‹ธ์›€์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:18
The next sentence says, โ€˜I have played soccer for many years before I scored my first goal.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฒซ ๊ณจ์„ ๋„ฃ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:26
This sentence doesn't look wrong at first.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:29
But remember, in the past perfect tense, we need to say โ€˜hadโ€™.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์—์„œ๋Š” 'had'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:34
โ€˜I had played soccer for many years before I scored my first goal.โ€™
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'์ €๋Š” ์ฒซ ๊ณจ์„ ๋„ฃ๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
59:41
Good job, everybody.
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
59:43
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
59:52
Let's start a checkup for the past perfect continuous tense.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:56
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
59:59
It says, โ€˜They __ for a long time before they went home.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ __ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:05
Try to fill in the blank with the verb โ€˜workโ€™ in this tense.
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์ด ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ 'work'๋กœ ๋นˆ์นธ์„ ์ฑ„์›Œ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
60:10
Remember, no matter what the subject, we follow the subject with โ€˜had beenโ€™.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ , ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'had been'์œผ๋กœ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:16
So we say, โ€˜They had beenโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:20
What happens to the verb?
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
60:22
Remember, we add โ€˜-ingโ€™.
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'-ing'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
60:27
So the sentence is, โ€˜They had been working for a long time before they went home.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:34
Now, take a look at the second sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:38
I want you to use the negative.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:40
โ€˜I __ TV for a year before I started again.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ TV๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
60:46
Remember, the negative form for this tense starts with the subject
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ด ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์€ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘
60:51
and then โ€˜had not beenโ€™.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” 'had not been'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:56
Or I can use the contraction โ€˜hadn'tโ€™.
955
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด 'hadn't'๋ผ๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:59
โ€˜I hadn't beenโ€™ And then again, verb โ€˜-ingโ€™.
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'I hadn't been' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋™์‚ฌ '-ing'.
61:06
โ€˜I hadn't been watching TV for a year before I started again.โ€™
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'๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€ 1๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
61:12
Now, try to find the mistake in this next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
61:18
โ€˜Gina and I hadn't been do any work before we started.โ€™
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'์ง€๋‚˜์™€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ๋„ ํ•ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
61:24
What's the error?
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์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
61:26
You'll notice that the verb does not have an โ€˜-ingโ€™.
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๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” '-ing'๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:33
To make the sentence correct, we must say, โ€˜Gina and I hadn't been doing
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด '์ง€๋‚˜์™€ ๋‚˜๋Š”
61:39
any work before we started.โ€™
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์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ๋„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:42
Now, find the mistake here.
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
61:45
โ€˜He had be watching YouTube because he had some free time.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ข€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.'
61:52
โ€˜He hadโ€™, that's correct, but we need to change โ€˜beโ€™ to beenโ€™.
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'He had'๋Š” ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'be'๋ฅผ been'์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:59
And โ€˜watchingโ€™ is correct.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๋ณธ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:01
So, โ€˜He had been watching YouTube because he had some free time.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ข€ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๊ตฐ์š”.
62:07
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
62:08
Now, let's move on to another checkup of the past perfect continuous tense.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ๊ฒ€์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:14
Take a look at the first example.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
62:16
It says, โ€˜The company __ employees because they worked hard.โ€™
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'ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” __์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:22
Use the verb โ€˜promoteโ€™ in the past perfect continuous tense.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ๋™์‚ฌ 'promote'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
62:27
Remember, no matter what the subject, we follow with โ€˜had beenโ€™.
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์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'had been'์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:32
So we say, โ€˜The company had beenโ€™ and then verb โ€˜-ingโ€™, so โ€˜promotingโ€™.
975
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'The company had been'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ '-ing'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ 'promotioning'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:44
โ€˜The company had been promoting employees because they worked hard.โ€™
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'ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง์›๋“ค์„ ์Šน์ง„์‹œ์ผœ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
62:49
The next example says, โ€˜I __ your emails for a while because they went to the spam
977
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๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ๋Š” '๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์ด ์ŠคํŒธ ํด๋”๋กœ ๊ฐ”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•œ๋™์•ˆ __ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
62:55
folder.โ€™
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.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:56
Here, try to use the negative form with the verb โ€˜getโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 'get' ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
63:02
Remember, in the negative form, we say โ€˜had not been gettingโ€™
980
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์—์„œ๋Š” โ€‹โ€‹'had not been getting'
63:08
Or the contraction โ€˜hadn't been gettingโ€™.
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๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ˜• 'had't been getting'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:14
โ€˜I hadn't been getting your emails for a while because they went to the spam folder.โ€™
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'๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์ด ์ŠคํŒธ ํด๋”๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•œ๋™์•ˆ ์ด๋ฉ”์ผ์„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
63:21
Now look for the mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
63:26
โ€˜I had been work a lot because I needed the money.โ€™
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'๋ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.'
63:31
What's the mistake?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์•ผ?
63:33
Remember, we need to add โ€˜-ingโ€™ to the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ์— '-ing'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
63:39
โ€˜I had been working a lot because I needed the money.โ€™
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'๋ˆ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ด์„œ ์ผ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.'
63:44
The last sentence says, โ€˜He has been smoking because he was stressed.โ€™
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„์„œ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์› ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:50
Can you find the mistake?
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
63:52
Remember, we're practicing the past perfect continuous.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:57
In this case, we need โ€˜hadโ€™ after the subject, not โ€˜hasโ€™.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋’ค์—๋Š” 'has'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ 'had'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:03
Great job, everyone.
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
64:04
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
64:13
For this checkup let's take a look at the will usage for the future simple tense.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ ๊ฒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ์˜์ง€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:19
The first example says, โ€˜Jen and Paul [blank] home soonโ€™
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ๋Š”
64:24
with the verb โ€˜goโ€™.
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๋™์‚ฌ 'go'์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ 'Jen and Paul [๊ณต๋ฐฑ] ์ง‘์— ๊ณง'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:26
Remember, when using โ€˜willโ€™ for the future simple tense,
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์— 'will'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์ฃผ์–ด
64:30
it doesn't matter what the subject is.
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๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
64:33
We say โ€˜willโ€™ and then the base verb.
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'will'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:36
So here we can say, โ€˜Jen and Paulโ€™ or โ€˜They will go home soonโ€™.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 'Jen and Paul' ๋˜๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณง ์ง‘์— ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:44
โ€˜I [blank] a scientist after I graduate.โ€™
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'์ €๋Š” ์กธ์—…ํ•œ ํ›„์— ๊ณผํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
64:48
Try filling in the blank with โ€˜beโ€™.
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๋นˆ์นธ์„ 'be'๋กœ ์ฑ„์›Œ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
64:51
Again, we simply say โ€˜will beโ€™.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ '~ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:55
โ€˜I will be a scientist after I graduate.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์กธ์—…ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด ๊ณผํ•™์ž๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.'
65:00
Now try this one, โ€˜We [blank] that because it smells bad.โ€™
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. '๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” [๊ณต๋ฐฑ]ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
65:06
I want you to use the negative form with the verb โ€˜eatโ€™.
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'๋จน๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:11
Here we say, โ€˜will not eatโ€™ or remember we can use the contraction โ€˜won'tโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 'will not eat'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ 'won't'๋ผ๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
65:21
โ€˜We will not eat thatโ€™ or โ€˜We won't eat that because it smells badโ€™.
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'์ €๊ฑฐ ์•ˆ ๋จน์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ' ํ˜น์€ '์ €๊ฑด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌํ•ด์„œ ์•ˆ ๋จน์„ ๊ฑฐ์•ผ'.
65:28
Now look for the mistake in this sentence.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
65:33
โ€˜I will eat a pizza for lunch.โ€™
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'์ ์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋จน์„๊ฒŒ์š”.'
65:37
Remember, we need the base form of the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
65:41
โ€˜I will eat a pizza for lunch.โ€™
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'์ ์‹ฌ์œผ๋กœ ํ”ผ์ž๋ฅผ ๋จน์„๊ฒŒ์š”.'
65:45
โ€˜Angie and I will playing a game.โ€™
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'์•ค์ง€์™€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.'
65:49
Again we need the base form of the verb.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:53
Angie and I will play a game.โ€™
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์•ค์ง€์™€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.'
65:57
And finally, โ€˜Will she be cook dinner?โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ €๋…์„ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?'
66:01
This is a question.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:03
However we need to say, โ€˜Will she cook dinner.โ€™
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ €๋…์„ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:09
We do not need a โ€˜beโ€™ verb here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:12
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
66:14
Let's practice the โ€˜be going toโ€™ usage of the future simple tense.
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๋‹จ์ˆœ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์‹œ์ œ์˜ 'be Going to' ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
66:19
โ€˜We [blank] going to _blank_ soccer.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” [๊ณต๋ฐฑ] ์ถ•๊ตฌํ•˜๋Ÿฌ _blank_ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
66:23
I want you to use the verb โ€˜watchโ€™.
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'watch'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:26
Remember, for โ€˜be going toโ€™ in the future simple tense,
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ 'be Going to'์—์„œ๋Š”
66:30
we start with the subject and then the โ€˜beโ€™ verb.
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์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:34
The subject here is โ€˜weโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:36
So we need the โ€˜beโ€™ verb โ€“ โ€˜areโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ 'are'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:39
โ€˜We are going toโ€™ and then the base verb โ€˜watchโ€™.
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'We are Going to' ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ 'watch'๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:46
โ€˜We are going to watch soccer.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.'
66:49
โ€˜I [blank] going to [blank].โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” [๊ณต๋ฐฑ]์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.'
66:52
The verb is โ€˜talkโ€™.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๋งํ•˜๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:54
And I want you to use the negative form.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:58
In this case, the subject is โ€˜Iโ€™.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” '๋‚˜'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:00
And so I use the โ€˜beโ€™ verb โ€“ โ€˜amโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ 'am'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:03
โ€˜I amโ€™ and then we need โ€˜notโ€™.
1035
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'๋‚˜๋Š”'์ด๊ณ  '์•„๋‹ˆ์š”'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:07
โ€˜I am not going toโ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฑฐ์•ผ'
67:11
Then the base verb โ€˜talkโ€™.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ '๋งํ•˜๋‹ค'.
67:15
โ€˜Why [blank] you going to [blank]?โ€™
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'์™œ [๊ณต๋ฐฑ]์œผ๋กœ [๊ณต๋ฐฑ]์„ ๊ฐ€์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?'
67:18
The verb here is โ€˜goโ€™.
1039
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '๊ฐ€๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:20
In a question, especially a โ€˜WHโ€™ question, we start with the โ€˜WHโ€™ word,
1040
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์งˆ๋ฌธ, ํŠนํžˆ 'WH' ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ๋Š” 'WH' ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ
67:26
and then the โ€˜beโ€™ verb.
1041
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๋‹ค์Œ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:28
โ€˜areโ€™ is the correct โ€˜beโ€™ verb because the subject is โ€˜youโ€™.
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ 'you'์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— 'are'๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:32
Then we have โ€˜going toโ€™.
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์€ '๊ฐ€๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:35
And again, the base form of the verb.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:38
โ€˜Why are you going to go?โ€™
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'์™œ ๊ฐ€๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?'
67:41
Now try to find the mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
67:46
โ€˜You are going to studying at home.โ€™
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'๋„ˆ ์ง‘์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.'
67:49
Can you find the mistake?
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
67:52
โ€˜You are going toโ€™ that's correct.
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'~ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •'์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:55
But we need the base form of the verb.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:58
โ€˜You are going to study at home.โ€™
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'๋„ˆ๋Š” ์ง‘์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค.'
68:03
โ€˜You will be going to learn English.โ€™
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'๋„ˆ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.'
68:07
โ€˜You will be goingโ€™
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'๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'
68:10
That sounds a little strange.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:12
Remember, we don't need the โ€˜willโ€™ here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” '์˜์ง€'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:15
We're using โ€˜be going toโ€™ and we need to change the โ€˜beโ€™ verb to match the subject.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'be Going to'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ฃผ์–ด์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:23
โ€˜You are going to learn Englishโ€™.
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'๋„ˆ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'.
68:26
Or remember, you can also say, โ€˜You will learn English.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด 'You will learn English'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
68:31
and finally โ€˜Is he going to do play soccer.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ถ•๊ตฌํ•  ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?'
68:36
uh-oh We have two verbs here.
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์–ด-์˜ค ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:38
โ€˜Is he going toโ€™ - that's correct.
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'๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€' - ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:41
But we have โ€˜doโ€™ and โ€˜playโ€™.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” 'ํ•  ๊ฒƒ'๊ณผ '๋†€๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:44
We don't need both, so we say, โ€˜Is he going to play soccer?โ€™
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ '์ € ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ถ•๊ตฌํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ?'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ฃ .
68:50
Great job everybody.
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๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
68:51
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
69:01
Let's start a checkup for the future continuous tense.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:04
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
69:06
It says, โ€˜They _blank_ at school tomorrow.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด์ผ ํ•™๊ต์— _blank_'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:10
I want you to use โ€˜will' and then the verb โ€˜studyโ€™, for this tense.
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์ด ์‹œ์ œ์—๋Š” 'will'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ 'study'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:16
Remember, in the future continuous tense,
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์—์„œ๋Š”
69:19
no matter what the subject, we say โ€˜will beโ€™ and then verb +ing.
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์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  'will be'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ +ing๋ฅผ ์“ด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
69:25
So the correct answer for this sentence is โ€˜they will be studyingโ€™
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ •๋‹ต์€ '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'
69:32
โ€˜They will be studying at school tomorrow.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด์ผ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
69:35
The next sentence says.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:37
โ€˜Jesse _blank_ a TV show later.โ€™
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'Jesse๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— TV ์‡ผ๋ฅผ _blank_ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
69:41
Here, instead of โ€˜willโ€™ try to use โ€˜be going to beโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 'will' ๋Œ€์‹  'be Going to be'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
69:47
โ€˜Jesse _blank_ watch a TV show later.โ€™
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'์ œ์‹œ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— TV ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ _blank_ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.'
69:51
I want you to use the verb โ€˜watchโ€™.
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'watch'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:54
So, Jessie is a โ€˜heโ€™ or it can be a โ€˜sheโ€™.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Jessie๋Š” '๊ทธ'์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  '๊ทธ๋…€'์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:58
Sometimes the name is used for a boy or a girl.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ์†Œ๋…„์ด๋‚˜ ์†Œ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:01
Either way I need to use the โ€˜beโ€™ verb โ€“ โ€˜isโ€™.
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์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์ด๋“  'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ 'is'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:04
โ€˜Jesse is going to beโ€™
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'Jesse is Going to be'
70:10
and then we need verb +ing.
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๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ +ing๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:14
โ€˜Jesse is going to be watching a TV show later.โ€™
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'์ œ์‹œ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— TV ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋ณผ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด์—์š”.'
70:20
The next sentence, I want you to find the mistake.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:25
โ€˜We willnโ€™t be studying at the library today.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋„์„œ๊ด€์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.'
70:31
โ€˜We will not โ€ฆโ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...' '
70:33
What's the contraction for โ€˜will notโ€™?
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ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'์˜ ์ค„์ž„๋ง์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
70:36
Well it definitely isn't โ€˜willnโ€™tโ€™.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ํ™•์‹คํžˆ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ'์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:40
The contraction is โ€˜won'tโ€™.
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์ˆ˜์ถ•์€ 'ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:43
โ€˜We won't be studying at the library today.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋„์„œ๊ด€์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.'
70:47
And finally, โ€˜Sally and I will be meet our friends soon.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ '์ƒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณง ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
70:53
Remember, we need โ€˜will beโ€™ and then verb +ing.
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'will be'์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ +ing๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
70:58
So the correct answer is,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •๋‹ต์€
71:01
โ€˜Sally and I will be meeting our friends soon.โ€™
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'์ƒ๋ฆฌ์™€ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณง ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
71:05
Good job, everyone.
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๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
71:07
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
71:08
Now, let's move on to the next checkup of the future continuous tense.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ ๊ฒ€์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:13
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
71:16
It says, โ€˜He _blank_ at the door when the movie ends.โ€™
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'์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฌธ ์•ž์— _blank_'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:20
I want you to use โ€˜willโ€™ and the verb โ€˜waitโ€™.
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'will'๊ณผ ๋™์‚ฌ 'wait'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:25
Remember, for this tense, we need โ€˜will beโ€™ and then verb +ing,
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์ด ์‹œ์ œ์—๋Š” 'will be'์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ +ing๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”
71:31
so the correct answer is,
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ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ •๋‹ต์€
71:33
โ€˜He will be waiting at the door when the movie ends.โ€™
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'He will be wait at the door when the movie end.'
71:39
The next sentence says, โ€˜We are not โ€ฆโ€™ so this is a negative,
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์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ...'์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ
71:43
โ€˜_blank_ the play when he performsโ€™.
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'_๊ณต๋ฐฑ_๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์—ฐํ•  ๋•Œ์˜ ์—ฐ๊ทน'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:47
Here, instead of โ€˜willโ€™, I want you to use โ€˜be going to beโ€™ and the verb โ€˜seeโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 'will' ๋Œ€์‹  'be Going to be'์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ 'see'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:55
We already have part of that phrase for you.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:58
โ€˜We are โ€ฆโ€™, here's the โ€˜beโ€™ verb, โ€˜notโ€™
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'We are ...', ์—ฌ๊ธฐ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , 'not'์€
72:01
so this is negative.
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๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:03
And then we say โ€˜going to beโ€™
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ 'going to be'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ
72:08
and then verb +ing.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ +ing๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:12
โ€˜We are not going to be seeing the play when he performs.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต์—ฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์—ฐ๊ทน์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
72:17
Now find the mistake in this sentence.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
72:20
โ€˜They won't be stay at home when the delivery man visits.โ€™
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'๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ์›์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
72:26
โ€˜They won't beโ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'
72:27
That's correct in the negative form.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ๋Š” ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:30
However, we need verb +ing.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌ +ing๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:34
โ€˜They won't be staying at home when the delivery man visits.โ€™
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'๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ์›์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
72:39
And finally, โ€˜Terry is going to working when the manager arrivesโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ 'ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๊ฐ€ ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ์˜ˆ์ •'์ด๋‹ค.
72:45
โ€˜Terryโ€™ is a โ€˜heโ€™ or โ€˜sheโ€™ so โ€˜isโ€™ is the correct โ€˜beโ€™ verb to use.
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'Terry'๋Š” 'he' ๋˜๋Š” 'she'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'is'๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ 'be' ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:51
โ€˜going toโ€™ that's also correct.
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'๊ฐ€๋‹ค'๋„ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:54
What we're missing here is โ€˜beโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†“์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ 'be'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:58
โ€˜Terry is going to be working when the manager arrives.โ€™
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'๋งค๋‹ˆ์ €๊ฐ€ ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด์—์š”.'
73:03
Good job, everybody.
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์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
73:04
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
73:14
Let's start this checkup for the future perfect tense.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:18
Take a look at the first sentence.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
73:20
It says, โ€˜We _blank_ that book by tomorrow.โ€™
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'๋‚ด์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ ๋น„์›Œ๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค_'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:25
The verb to use is โ€˜readโ€™.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” '์ฝ๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:28
Remember, in the future perfect tense, we start with the subject,
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘
73:33
and we have that here, โ€˜weโ€™.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” '์šฐ๋ฆฌ'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
73:35
Then say, โ€˜will haveโ€™ and the past participle of the verb.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ 'will have'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
73:41
So here we need to say โ€˜will haveโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” 'will have'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:44
What is the past participle of โ€˜readโ€™?
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'์ฝ๋‹ค'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
73:48
The correct answer is โ€˜readโ€™.
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์ •๋‹ต์€ '์ฝ๋‹ค' ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:53
They're spelled the same, but they are pronounced differently.
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์ฒ ์ž๋Š” ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:57
โ€˜We will have read that book by tomorrow.โ€™
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚ด์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ทธ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
74:02
The next sentence says, โ€˜She _blank_ the video by bedtime.โ€™
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ทจ์นจ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์˜์ƒ์„ _๊ณต๋ฐฑ_'ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:07
Here we have โ€˜notโ€™ so I want you to try the negative form.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” 'not'์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:12
And the verb to try is โ€˜watchโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” 'watch'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:17
In the negative form, we start with the subject.
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:20
And instead of โ€˜will haveโ€™, we say โ€˜will not haveโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๊ฐ–์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค' ๋Œ€์‹ ์— '๊ฐ–์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:24
โ€˜She will not have โ€ฆโ€™ Then we need the past participle of the verb.
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'She will not haveโ€ฆ' ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:32
In this case, it is โ€˜watchedโ€™.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” '๊ฐ์‹œ'๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:35
โ€˜She will not have watched the video by bedtime.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ž ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋“ค ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
74:40
Now find the mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
74:45
โ€˜Ryan will not have be to Cuba by summer.โ€™
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'๋ผ์ด์–ธ์€ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฟ ๋ฐ”์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
74:50
This is the negative form because we have โ€˜will not haveโ€™.
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'will not have'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:54
That's correct.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:55
But we need the past participle of โ€˜beโ€™.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'be'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:00
So we need to change it to โ€˜beenโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '๋์–ด์š”'๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
75:03
โ€˜Ryan will not have been to Cuba by summer.โ€™
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'๋ผ์ด์–ธ์€ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฟ ๋ฐ”์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.'
75:08
The last sentence says, โ€˜I will have go to school by 8 30 a.m.โ€™
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ 'I will have go to school by 8 30 am'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:14
Here, we have the affirmative, โ€˜will haveโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” 'will have'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธ์ •๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:17
But, uh oh, we forgot the past participle of โ€˜goโ€™ which is โ€˜goneโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ, ์–ด ์˜ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'gone'์ธ 'go'์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:25
โ€˜I will have gone to school by 8 30 a.m.โ€™
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'๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜ค์ „ 8์‹œ 30๋ถ„๊นŒ์ง€ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'
75:29
Great job, everybody.
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๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค ์ˆ˜๊ณ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
75:31
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
75:40
Let's start a checkup for the future perfect continuous tense.
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ๊ฒ€์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:44
Take a look at the board.
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๋ณด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
75:46
The first sentence says,
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
75:48
โ€˜By 10 p.m., I _blank_ that game for three hours.โ€™
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'์˜คํ›„ 10์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€ 3์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ _blank_'ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:53
Iโ€™m looking to use the verb โ€˜playโ€™.
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'play'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:57
Remember, in this tense, we need to have โ€˜subjectโ€™ + โ€˜will have beenโ€™ and then โ€˜verb +ingโ€™.
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ด ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ๋Š” '์ฃผ์–ด' + 'will have been', ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๋™์‚ฌ +ing'์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:05
So โ€˜By 10 p.m., I will have been playing โ€ฆโ€™
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '์˜คํ›„ 10์‹œ์ฏค์ด๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค...'
76:11
Again, we need โ€˜verb +ingโ€™.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋„ '๋™์‚ฌ+ing'์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:13
โ€˜โ€ฆ I will have been playing that game for three hours.
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'...๊ทธ ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ 3์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:18
The next sentence says,
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
76:19
โ€˜When she gets here, he _blank_ dinner for an hour.โ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ _blank_ ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ'๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
76:24
Try to use the verb โ€˜cookโ€™.
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'์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
76:28
Again, no matter what the subject, it doesn't change.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:32
โ€˜When she gets here, he will have been cooking โ€ฆโ€™
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'๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ํ…๋ฐ...' '
76:42
โ€˜When she gets here, he will have been cooking dinner for an hour.โ€™
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ €๋…์„ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.'
76:47
Now, find the mistake in the next sentence.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ‹€๋ฆฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
76:53
โ€˜Steve and Jan will not have be waiting for a year when it arrives.โ€™
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'Steve์™€ Jan์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ๋•Œ 1๋…„์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
76:59
Here, we have a negative form, โ€˜they will not haveโ€™.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” '๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:04
Then we need โ€˜beenโ€™.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:08
โ€˜They will not have been โ€ฆโ€™
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'๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์—†์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค...'
77:11
And then the โ€˜verb +ingโ€™ is here so that's correct.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '๋™์‚ฌ +ing'์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:15
โ€˜Steve and Jan will not have been waiting for a year when it arrives.โ€™
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'Steve์™€ Jan์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„์ฐฉํ•  ๋•Œ๊นŒ์ง€ 1๋…„์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
77:20
The last sentence says,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š”
77:22
โ€˜It will have been work for 10 years on January 15th.โ€™
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'1์›” 15์ผ์ด๋ฉด 10๋…„์งธ ๊ทผ๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ ํ˜€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:27
So maybe here Iโ€™m talking about a computer or a TV.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋‚˜ TV์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:31
Maybe some kind of machine.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:33
โ€˜itโ€™ โ€˜It will have been โ€ฆโ€™
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'๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€' '๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค...'
77:36
I see the mistake here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:38
We need โ€˜verb +ingโ€™.
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'๋™์‚ฌ+ing'์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:42
โ€˜It will have been working for 10 years on January 15th.
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'1์›” 15์ผ์ด๋ฉด 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผํ•œ ์…ˆ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:48
Great job, everybody.
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„.
77:50
Let's move on.
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๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
77:51
Thank you so much for watching thisย  course on the twelve English tenses.ย 
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12๊ฐœ์˜ ์˜์–ด ์‹œ์ œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด ๊ฐ•์ขŒ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:56
Now, you have a better understandingย  of how to use these tenses.ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:00
I know studying English can be hard, butย  with time and practice, you will get better.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜์•„์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:06
Please watch my other videos. And Iโ€™ll see you next time.ย 
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์ œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์ƒ๋„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:09
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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