Learn Past Simple Tense English Grammar Course

336,075 views ・ 2020-05-02

Shaw English Online


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hi, everyone.
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„.
00:01
In this video, I will introduce the past simple English tense.
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이번 μ˜μƒμ—μ„œλŠ” μ˜μ–΄μ˜ λ‹¨μˆœκ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ†Œκ°œν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:06
This grammar tense can help you explain a past general state, action, or habit.
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이 문법 μ‹œμ œλŠ” 과거의 일반적인 μƒνƒœ, 행동 λ˜λŠ” μŠ΅κ΄€μ„ μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:13
There's a lot to learn and it's a very important tense, so keep watching.
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배울 것이 많고 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ‹œμ œμ΄λ―€λ‘œ κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ μ‹œμ²­ν•΄ μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
00:21
In this video, I will talk about the 'be' verb in the past simple tense.
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이번 μ˜μƒμ—μ„œλŠ” 'be' λ™μ‚¬μ˜ λ‹¨μˆœκ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:27
The 'be' verb in the past simple tense can be used to describe a past general state.
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κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œμ˜ 'be' λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 과거의 일반적인 μƒνƒœλ₯Ό μ„€λͺ…ν•˜λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©λ  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:33
We use the 'be' verbs, β€˜was’ and β€˜were’ in this tense.
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이 μ‹œμ œμ—μ„œλŠ” 'be' 동사인 'was'와 'were'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:38
Take a look at the examples.
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예제λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
00:40
β€˜I was scared.’
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'λ‚œ 겁이 λ‚¬μ–΄μš”.'
00:42
β€˜James', or he 'was a teacher.’
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'μ œμž„μŠ€', λ˜λŠ” κ·ΈλŠ” 'μ„ μƒλ‹˜μ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
00:46
β€˜She was sad.’
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'κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μŠ¬νŽλ‹€.'
00:48
β€˜My dog was hungry.’
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'λ‚΄ κ°œκ°€ λ°°κ³ νŒ μ–΄μš”.'
00:51
β€˜My dog’ can be β€˜it’.
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'λ‚΄ 개'λŠ” '그것'이 될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
So for β€˜I’, β€˜he’, β€˜she’, β€˜it’, we use the past tense 'be' verb, β€˜was’.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 'λ‚˜', 'κ·Έ', 'κ·Έλ…€', '그것'μ—λŠ” κ³Όκ±°ν˜• 'be' 동사 'was'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:01
However, for β€˜you’, β€˜we’ and β€˜they’, we use β€˜were’.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 'λ„ˆ', '우리', 'κ·Έλ“€'에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” 'were'λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:06
β€˜You were a good student.’
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'당신은 쒋은 ν•™μƒμ΄μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
01:09
β€˜Your parents, or they were at the park.’ and β€˜We were at home for two hours.’
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'λ„€ λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜, μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 곡원에 계셨어.' 그리고 'μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 두 μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ 집에 μžˆμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
01:18
In this last sentence, you see that the duration is emphasized.
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이 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œλŠ” 기간이 κ°•μ‘°λ˜λŠ” 것을 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:22
Great job.
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잘 ν–ˆμ–΄.
01:23
Let's move on.
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계속 μ§„ν–‰ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
01:25
Now I will talk about regular verbs in the past simple tense.
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이제 κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œμ˜ 일반 동사에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:30
Take a look at these examples.
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λ‹€μŒ 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
01:32
β€˜Liam played a game.’
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'리암이 κ²Œμž„μ„ ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.'
01:35
Liam is a β€˜he’,
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Liam은 'κ·Έ'
01:37
but really it doesn't matter for regular verbs in the past simple tense.
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μ΄μ§€λ§Œ κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œμ˜ 일반 λ™μ‚¬μ—λŠ” μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
Because no matter what the subject is, all we have to do is add β€˜d’ or β€˜ed’
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μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ 무엇이든 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  일은
01:48
to the end of the verb.
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동사 끝에 'd' λ˜λŠ” 'ed'λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒλΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
Here the verb is β€˜play’, so I added β€˜-ed’.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 'play'μ΄λ―€λ‘œ '-ed'λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:54
β€˜Liam played a game.’
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'리암이 κ²Œμž„μ„ ν–ˆμ–΄μš”.'
01:57
β€˜The car, or it needed gas.’
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'μ°¨ μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ νœ˜λ°œμœ κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•΄μš”.'
02:01
The verb here is β€˜need’.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 'ν•„μš”ν•˜λ‹€'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
For the past simple tense, I added β€˜-ed’.
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λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ—λŠ” '-ed'λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
β€˜We watched a movie.’
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'μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ΄€μ–΄μš”.'
02:10
Again, an β€˜ed’ at the of β€˜watch’.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 'watch'에 'ed'κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:14
β€˜You exercised for an hour.’
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'당신은 ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ λ™μ•ˆ μš΄λ™ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
02:17
In this case, the verb is β€˜exercise’.
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이 경우 λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 'μš΄λ™ν•˜λ‹€'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:20
I only need to add a β€˜d’ to make it the past tense.
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κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€λ €λ©΄ 'd'만 μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:24
And finally, β€˜They usually worked after school.’
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그리고 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ '그듀은 보톡 λ°©κ³Ό 후에 μΌν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
02:28
The verb is β€˜work’.
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λ™μ‚¬λŠ” '일'이닀.
02:30
And I added an β€˜ed’ to make it in the past tense.
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그리고 κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 'ed'λ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:34
The word β€˜usually’ shows that this was a habit.
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'보톡'μ΄λΌλŠ” λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” 이것이 μŠ΅κ΄€μ΄μ—ˆμŒμ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:38
Remember, the past simple tense can be used to show past habits.
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과거의 μŠ΅κ΄€μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚Ό λ•ŒλŠ” λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 점을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
02:44
Let's move on.
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계속 μ§„ν–‰ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
02:45
Now, I'll talk about irregular verbs in the past simple tense.
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이제 κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œμ˜ λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ 동사에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:50
Remember, for regular verbs, we only add β€˜d’ or β€˜ed’ to make a verb into the past tense.
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일반 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 경우 동사λ₯Ό κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œλ‘œ λ§Œλ“€κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 'd' λ˜λŠ” 'ed'만 μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:57
However, for irregular verbs, we have to change the verb in a different way.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ λ™μ‚¬μ˜ 경우 동사λ₯Ό λ‹€λ₯Έ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ λ°”κΏ”μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:02
Let's take a look at some examples.
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λͺ‡ 가지 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:05
β€˜I ate with my friend.’
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'μΉœκ΅¬λž‘ λ¨Ήμ—ˆμ–΄.'
03:08
The verb here is β€˜ate’.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 'λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‹€'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:10
β€˜ate’ is the past simple tense of β€˜eat’.
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'ate'λŠ” 'eat'의 λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:15
The next example says, β€˜Nara wrote a story.’
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λ‹€μŒ μ˜ˆλŠ” 'λ‚˜λΌκ°€ 이야기λ₯Ό 썼닀'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:19
The verb is β€˜write’.
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λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 'μ“°λ‹€'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:21
And because it's irregular to change it into the past tense, we change the verb to β€˜wrote’.
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그리고 κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ λ°”κΎΈλŠ” 것이 λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 동사λ₯Ό '썼닀'둜 λ°”κΎΌλ‹€.
03:29
β€˜You often came home late.’
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'λ„ˆλŠ” 집에 늦게 μ˜€λŠ” κ²½μš°κ°€ λ§Žμ•˜μ§€.'
03:32
The verb here is β€˜come’ and it's been changed to β€˜came’.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 'μ˜€λ‹€'인데 'μ™”λ‹€'둜 λ°”λ€Œμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:37
You'll notice that we had the word β€˜often’ to show a habit.
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μŠ΅κ΄€μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ '자주'λΌλŠ” 단어가 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:42
β€˜We bought a camera.’
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'μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 카메라λ₯Ό μƒ€μ–΄μš”.'
03:45
The verb here is β€˜buy’ and it's been changed to β€˜bought’ to show the past simple tense.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 'buy'이며 κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό ν‘œμ‹œν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ 'bought'둜 λ³€κ²½λ˜μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:52
And finally, β€˜My parents sent me money for a year.’
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그리고 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ 'λΆ€λͺ¨λ‹˜μ΄ 1λ…„μΉ˜ λˆμ„ 보내주셨닀.'
03:57
Here the verb β€˜sent’ is the past tense of β€˜send’.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ '보내닀'λΌλŠ” λ™μ‚¬λŠ” '보내닀'의 κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:02
Here we also see β€˜for a year’, this shows duration.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ—λŠ” '1λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ'도 ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ”λ° μ΄λŠ” 기간을 λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:08
Let's move on.
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계속 μ§„ν–‰ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
04:09
Now I will talk about the negative form for the 'be' verb in the past simple tense.
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이제 λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°ν˜• 'be' λ™μ‚¬μ˜ λΆ€μ •ν˜•μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:15
Here are some examples.
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μ—¬κΈ° λͺ‡ 가지 μ˜ˆκ°€ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
04:17
The first one says, β€˜I was not hungry.’
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첫 번째 μ‚¬λžŒμ€ 'λ‚˜λŠ” 배고프지 μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€'κ³  λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:21
For the past simple tense, the negative 'be' verb
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κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œμ˜ 경우, μ£Όμ–΄μ˜ λΆ€μ • 'be' 동사
04:25
I f the subject is β€˜I’, β€˜he’, β€˜she’ or β€˜it’, we say β€˜was not’.
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IλŠ” 'I', 'he', 'she' λ˜λŠ” 'it'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 'was not'이라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:31
For example, β€˜I was not’ or β€˜she was not’ or the contraction β€˜wasn't’.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, 'I was not' λ˜λŠ” 'she was not' λ˜λŠ” μΆ•μ•½ν˜• 'wasn't'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:38
β€˜I wasn't’.
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'λ‚˜λŠ” 그렇지 μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€'.
04:39
β€˜She wasn't’.
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'κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ€ μ•„λ‹ˆμ—ˆμ–΄'.
04:41
So let's look again, β€˜I was not hungry.’
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그럼 λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œλ²ˆ 'λ°°κ°€ 고프지 μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€'κ³  ν•΄λ³΄μž.
04:46
β€˜She wasn't home today.’
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'였늘 κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 집에 μ—†μ—ˆμ–΄μš”.'
04:49
Now, if the subject is β€˜you’, β€˜we’ or β€˜they’,
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자, μ£Όμ–΄κ°€ 'λ„ˆ', '우리', 'κ·Έλ“€'이면
04:53
We say β€˜were not’ or the contraction β€˜weren't’.
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'were not' λ˜λŠ” μ€„μ—¬μ„œ 'weren't'라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:57
β€˜The children, or they were not quiet.’
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'아이듀이 μ‘°μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‚˜μš”?'
05:02
β€˜The children were not quiet.’
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'아이듀은 μ‘°μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
05:06
And then, β€˜The dog', or it was not, or 'wasn't playful.’
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그리고 '개', μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 그렇지 μ•Šλ‹€, 'μž₯λ‚œμŠ€λŸ½μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€'.
05:13
Let's move on.
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계속 μ§„ν–‰ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
05:14
Now, let's talk about how to form the negative in the past simple tense for non-'be' verbs,
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이제, 'be' 동사가 μ•„λ‹Œ, κ·œμΉ™μ μ΄λ“  λΆˆκ·œμΉ™μ μ΄λ“  κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œμ˜ λΆ€μ •ν˜•μ„ ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 방법에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기해 λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:21
regular or irregular.
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.
05:23
Here are some examples.
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μ—¬κΈ° λͺ‡ 가지 μ˜ˆκ°€ μžˆμ–΄μš”.
05:25
β€˜I did not like him.’
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'λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ„ μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€.'
05:28
What we do for non-'be' verbs is simply put β€˜did not’ after the subject.
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'be'κ°€ μ•„λ‹Œ 동사에 λŒ€ν•΄ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 일은 λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ μ£Όμ–΄ 뒀에 'did not'을 λΆ™μ΄λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:34
And you'll notice that for the verb, we don't make any changes.
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그리고 동사에 λŒ€ν•΄μ„œλŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 변경도 ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:39
We keep the base verb.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κΈ°λ³Έ 동사λ₯Ό μœ μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:42
β€˜He didn't catch the ball.’
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'κ·ΈλŠ” 곡을 μž‘μ§€ λͺ»ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
05:44
Again, it's β€˜he did not’, but here we used a contraction,
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μ΄λ²ˆμ—λ„ 'κ·ΈλŠ” ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€'μ΄μ§€λ§Œ μ—¬κΈ°μ„œλŠ”
05:50
β€˜He didn't catch the ball.’
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'κ·ΈλŠ” 곡을 μž‘μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€'λΌλŠ” μΆ•μ•½ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:53
β€˜They didn't dance.’
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'그듀은 좀을 좔지 μ•Šμ•˜μ–΄μš”.'
05:55
Again, here's the contraction for β€˜did not’.
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μ΄λ²ˆμ—λ„ 'ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€'의 μΆ•μ•½ν˜•μ€ λ‹€μŒκ³Ό κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:59
And you'll notice that for the verb, we didn't change it at all.
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그리고 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” μ „ν˜€ λ³€κ²½ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:03
Here's an irregular verb, and here's a regular verb, we keep them in the base form.
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μ—¬κΈ° λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ 동사가 있고, μ—¬κΈ° μ •κ·œ 동사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것듀을 κΈ°λ³Έ ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ μœ μ§€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:09
And finally, β€˜We didn't think about that.’
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그리고 λ§ˆμΉ¨λ‚΄ 'μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것에 λŒ€ν•΄ μƒκ°ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
06:13
Again, we simply say β€˜did not’ or β€˜didn't’.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 'ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€' λ˜λŠ” 'ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€'라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
Let's move on.
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계속 μ§„ν–‰ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
06:19
Now I will introduce two ways to form questions for the past simple tense.
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이제 κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œμ— λŒ€ν•œ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 두 가지 방법을 μ†Œκ°œν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
Take a look at the first example.
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첫 번째 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
06:27
β€˜He was angry.’
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'κ·ΈλŠ” ν™”κ°€ λ‚¬μ—ˆ λ‹€.'
06:29
In this first sentence, we see the 'be' verb β€˜was’.
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이 첫 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 'be' 동사 'was'λ₯Ό λ΄…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:33
It's quite easy.
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μ•„μ£Ό μ‰½μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:35
All you have to do to turn this into a question is switch the order the first two words.
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이것을 질문으둜 λ°”κΎΈκΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  일은 처음 두 λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ μˆœμ„œλ₯Ό λ°”κΎΈλŠ” κ²ƒλΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:41
β€˜Was he angry?’
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'κ·Έ μ‚¬λžŒμ΄ ν™”κ°€ λ‚¬λ‚˜μš”?'
06:43
You can answer by saying β€˜Yes, he was.’ or β€˜No, he wasn't.’
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'예, κ·Έλž¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'라고 λŒ€λ‹΅ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ˜λŠ” 'μ•„λ‹ˆμš”, 그렇지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
06:49
The next sentence also has a 'be' verb.
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λ‹€μŒ λ¬Έμž₯에도 'be' 동사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:52
β€˜They were comfortable.’
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'그듀은 νŽΈμ•ˆν–ˆμ–΄μš”.'
06:54
So again, switch the first two words.
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λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œλ²ˆ, 처음 두 단어λ₯Ό λ°”κΏ”λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
06:58
β€˜Were they comfortable?’
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'그듀은 νŽΈμ•ˆν–ˆλ‚˜μš”?'
07:00
The answers can be, β€˜Yes, they were.’
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λŒ€λ‹΅μ€ '예, κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'일 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:03
or β€˜No, they weren't.’
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λ˜λŠ” 'μ•„λ‹ˆμš”, 그렇지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
07:05
However, look at the third sentence.
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그런데 μ„Έ 번째 λ¬Έμž₯을 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
07:08
β€˜Sam lived here.’
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'μƒ˜μ€ 여기에 μ‚΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
07:10
There is no 'be' verb in this sentence.
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이 λ¬Έμž₯μ—λŠ” 'be' 동사가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:13
Instead, we see the action verb β€˜lived’.
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λŒ€μ‹ μ— 'lived'λΌλŠ” λ™μž‘ 동사가 ν‘œμ‹œλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:16
So what we do is no matter what the subject,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ ν•˜λŠ” 일은 μ£Όμ œκ°€ 무엇이든 상관없이
07:20
we start the question with β€˜did’.
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'ν–ˆλ‹€'둜 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:22
β€˜Did Sam live here?’
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'μƒ˜μ΄ 여기에 μ‚΄μ•˜λ‚˜μš”?'
07:25
You'll notice that the verb no longer is in the past tense.
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동사가 더 이상 κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:30
We use the base form of the verb.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ™μ‚¬μ˜ κΈ°λ³Έ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:32
β€˜Did Sam live here?’
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'μƒ˜μ΄ 여기에 μ‚΄μ•˜λ‚˜μš”?'
07:35
You can say β€˜Yes, he did.’
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'예, κ·Έλž¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:38
or β€˜No, he didn't.’
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λ˜λŠ” 'μ•„λ‹ˆμš”, 그렇지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
07:40
The last sentence is similar.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ λ¬Έμž₯도 λΉ„μŠ·ν•΄μš”.
07:42
β€˜They won the contest last year.’
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'그듀은 μž‘λ…„μ— λŒ€νšŒμ—μ„œ μš°μŠΉν–ˆμ–΄μš”.'
07:45
The verb here is β€˜won’, that's not a 'be' verb.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” 'won'이고, 'be' 동사가 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:49
So again, we start the question with β€˜did’ .
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λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œλ²ˆ 'did'둜 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ„ μ‹œμž‘ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:53
And then the subject β€˜they’, we use the base form of the verb and that's β€˜win’.
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그리고 μ£Όμ–΄ 'they'λŠ” λ™μ‚¬μ˜ κΈ°λ³Έν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”λ° 그것은 'win'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:00
β€˜Did they win the contest last year?’
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'그듀이 μž‘λ…„μ— λŒ€νšŒμ—μ„œ μš°μŠΉν–ˆλ‚˜μš”?'
08:03
You can say, β€˜Yes, they did.’
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'κ·Έλ ‡μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:06
or β€˜No, they didn't.’
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λ˜λŠ” 'μ•„λ‹ˆμš”, 그렇지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
08:08
Let's move on.
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계속 μ§„ν–‰ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
08:09
Now I'll introduce how to create an answer WH questions in the past simple tense.
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이제 κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œλ‘œ WH μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— λŒ€ν•œ 닡변을 λ§Œλ“œλŠ” 방법을 μ†Œκ°œν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:16
Take a look at the board.
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λ³΄λ“œλ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
08:18
We have some WH words here.
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여기에 WH 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:21
β€˜What’ β€˜When’
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'무엇' 'μ–Έμ œ'
08:22
β€˜Where’ and β€˜Why’
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'μ–΄λ””'와 'μ™œ'
08:24
You'll notice that after each WH word comes the word β€˜did’.
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각 WH 단어 λ’€μ—λŠ” 'ν–ˆλ‹€'λΌλŠ” 단어가 μ˜€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:29
β€˜What did’ β€˜When did’
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'무엇을 ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€' 'μ–Έμ œ ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€'
08:32
β€˜Where did’ and β€˜Why did’.
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'μ–΄λ””μ—μ„œ ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€' 그리고 'μ™œ ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€'.
08:35
What comes after that the subject and then the base form of the verb.
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κ·Έ λ’€μ—λŠ” 주어와 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ κΈ°λ³Έ ν˜•νƒœκ°€ μ˜΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:40
So, let's take a look.
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그럼 ν•œλ²ˆ μ‚΄νŽ΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:42
β€˜What did you do last night?’
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'어젯밀에 무엇을 ν–ˆλ‚˜μš”?'
08:46
β€˜What did you do last night?’
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'어젯밀에 무엇을 ν–ˆλ‚˜μš”?'
08:48
I can answer by saying something like, β€˜I watched a movie.’
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'μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ΄€μ–΄μš”'라고 λŒ€λ‹΅ν•  수 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
08:53
Or β€˜I read a book.’
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λ˜λŠ” '책을 μ½μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
08:55
You'll notice that the answer is in the past simple tense.
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λŒ€λ‹΅μ€ λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±° μ‹œμ œλΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œ 수 μžˆμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:59
β€˜When did you get home last night?’
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'어젯밀에 집에 μ–Έμ œ λŒμ•„μ™”λ‚˜μš”?'
09:02
β€˜I got home at 10 p.m.’
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'λ°€ 10μ‹œμ— 집에 μ™”μ–΄μš”'
09:05
β€˜Where did they eat lunch?’
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'그듀은 점심을 μ–΄λ””μ„œ λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‚˜μš”?'
09:07
β€˜They ate lunch at home.’
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'그듀은 μ§‘μ—μ„œ 점심을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
09:10
Again, β€˜ate’ is the past tense of β€˜eat’.
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μ΄λ²ˆμ—λ„ 'λ¨Ήλ‹€'λŠ” 'λ¨Ήλ‹€'의 κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:13
Answer in the past simple tense.
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κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œλ‘œ λŒ€λ‹΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
09:17
And finally, β€˜Why did the company hire him?’
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그리고 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ 'νšŒμ‚¬λŠ” μ™œ κ·Έλ₯Ό μ±„μš©ν–ˆλŠ”κ°€?'
09:20
β€˜The company hired him because he's a hard worker.’
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'νšŒμ‚¬λŠ” κ·Έκ°€ μ—΄μ‹¬νžˆ μΌν•˜λŠ” μ‚¬λžŒμ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ·Έλ₯Ό κ³ μš©ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.'
09:25
Let's move on.
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계속 μ§„ν–‰ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
09:26
Wow, we learned a lot in this video.
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와, μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이 μ˜μƒμ„ 톡해 λ§Žμ€ 것을 λ°°μ› μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:30
Keep studying and reviewing the past simple tense.
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κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό 계속 κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜κ³  λ³΅μŠ΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
09:33
It's an essential tense that will help you talk about the past.
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과거에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜λŠ” 데 도움이 λ˜λŠ” ν•„μˆ˜ μ‹œμ œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:38
Keep studying English and I'll see you in the next video.
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κ³„μ†ν•΄μ„œ μ˜μ–΄ κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜μ‹œκ³  λ‹€μŒ μ˜μƒμ—μ„œ λ΅™κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:41
Bye.
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μ•ˆλ…•.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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