American English - AA [รฆ] Vowel - How to make the AA Vowel

908,875 views ใƒป 2016-01-12

Rachel's English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
In this American English pronunciation
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์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹์˜์–ด ๋ฐœ์Œ ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š”
00:03
video, weโ€™re going to learn how to
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BAT๋ชจ์Œ์˜ AA๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
00:05
pronounce the AA as in BAT vowel.
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00:16
This is a sound that changes depending
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์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์˜ฌ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ด๋‹ค.
00:19
on the following sound. So, it can either
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00:22
be a pure vowel or a modified vowel.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
00:25
Weโ€™ll go over both in this video.
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด๋ณผ๊ฑฐ๋‹ค.
00:29
To make the pure AA vowel, the jaw
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์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ AA๋ชจ์Œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ํ„ฑ์„ ๊ฝค ๋–จ์–ดํŠธ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
00:32
drops quite a bit, AA.
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00:37
The tip of the tongue stays forward; itโ€™s
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ํ˜€๋์€ ์ž…์ˆ ์„ ํ–ฅํ•˜๋˜ ์•„๋ž˜ ์ด๋นจ๋’ค์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค.
00:39
touching the back of the bottom front
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„๋ž˜ ์ด๋นจ ๋’ค๋ฅผ ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ํ„ฐ์น˜ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค.
00:41
teeth, AA. The back part of the tongue
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ํ˜€๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์ชฝ์€ ํŽด์ฃผ๋˜ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์˜ฌ๋ ค์ค€๋‹ค.
00:45
stretches up.
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(ํŒ: ์‚ฌ์‹ค ํ˜€๋์„ ์•„๋ž˜ ์ด๋นจ ๋’ค์— ๊ณ ์ •์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์œ„๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด ๊ตฌ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ์ง„๋‹ค.)
00:47
The tongue is wide, AA. Because the
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ํ˜€๋Š” ๋„“๊ฒŒ ํŽด์ง„๋‹ค. ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์ชฝ์€ ๋†’๊ณ  ํ˜€๋์ด ๋‚ฎ๊ฒŒ ์œ„์น˜ํ•จ๋ฏ€๋กœ
00:52
tongue is high in the back and low in
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์ž…์•ˆ์„ ์ •๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค.
00:54
the front, you can see a lot of it. This is
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00:57
different from the 'ah' as in 'father'
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์ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” FATHER์˜ AH์™€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ด๋‹ค.
01:00
vowel, for example, where the tongue
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AH๋Š” ํ˜€๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ผ์„œ
01:02
presses down in the back and you see
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์ž…์•ˆ์„ ์ •๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด
01:05
more dark space in the mouth. AA, AH.
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์ž…์•ˆ์—์„œ ์–ด๋‘์šด ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด (aa๋ณด๋‹ค) ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋งŽ๋‹ค.
01:13
You can also see the corners of the
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์•„์šธ๋Ÿฌ ์ž…๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋” ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.AA
01:15
mouth pull back and up a little bit. AA.
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01:20
Letโ€™s take a look at the pure AA vowel
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์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ AA๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด์„œ ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ๋ณด์ž.
01:23
up close and in slow motion.
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01:27
The tongue tip is down and the back of
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ํ˜€๋์€ ์•„๋ž˜ ์ด๋นจ ๋’ค๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€์žˆ๊ณ 
01:29
the tongue lifts. Hereโ€™s the word โ€˜satโ€™.
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ํ˜€๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค. SAT์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
01:34
The tongue position is easy to see
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ํ˜€์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ณด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‰ฝ๋‹ค.
01:37
because of the jaw drop needed for this
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ์ด ๋ชจ์Œ์„ ๋ฐœ์Œ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„ 
01:40
vowel.
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ํ„ฑ์„ ๋–จ์–ดํŠธ๋ ค์•ผํ•ด์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
01:43
When AA is in a stressed syllable, the
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AA๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
01:46
vowel will go up and come down in
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๋ชจ์Œ์˜ ํ”ผ์น˜(ํ†ค)๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ„๋‹ค. SAT์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์—์„œ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ.
01:48
pitch, AA. Sat, AA. In an unstressed
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๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ๋” ๋ฐ‹๋ฐ‹ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ํ”ผ์น˜๋Š” ๋‚ฎ์•„์ง„๋‹ค.
01:57
syllable, the vowel is flatter and lower
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01:59
in pitch, quieter, aa. This vowel is
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02:05
unstressed in the second syllable of
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BACKTRACK์˜ ๋‘๋ฒˆ์งธ ์›€์ ˆ์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค.
02:08
โ€˜backtrackโ€™. Letโ€™s look up close and
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02:11
in slow motion.
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์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ๋ณด์ž.
02:13
In the first, stressed syllable, the jaw
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๋จผ์ €, ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š”
02:16
drops, and we see the corners of the
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ํ„ฑ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์ž…๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
02:18
lips pull back and up for the stressed
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02:21
AA. In the unstressed syllable, the jaw
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๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ„ฑ์ด ๋œ ๋–จ์–ด์ง„๋‹ค.
02:24
drops less. Letโ€™s compare them.
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๋น„๊ตํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
02:28
On top is the stressed AA. You can see
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์ƒ๋‹จ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ด๋‹ค.
02:31
the jaw drops more. For the unstressed
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ํ„ฑ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
AA, the corners of the lips are a little
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๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ž…๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
02:37
more relaxed than in the stressed
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์ž„์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
version, where they pull slightly back
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02:42
and up.
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02:43
Generally, the unstressed version of a
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ๋ชจ์Œ์ด๋‚˜ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์€
02:45
vowel or diphthong is more relaxed and
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ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ด์™„๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
02:48
doesnโ€™t take the full mouth position, in
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(๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋น„ํ•ด) ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์„ ๋œ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด๋„ ๋œ๋‹ค..
02:51
this case, a little less jaw drop, and
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ„ฑ์„ ๋œ ๋–จ์–ดํŠธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ž…์ˆ ์„ ์ด์™„์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค.
02:53
relaxed lips. This is because unstressed
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์€ ๋” ์งง๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ผ์„œ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ด๋‹ค.
02:57
syllables are shorter, so we donโ€™t take
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(๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์™€ ๋น„๊ตํ•ด)
03:00
the time to make the full position.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ตฌ๊ฐ•์„ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฒŒ๋ฆด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์  ์—ฌ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค.
03:03
At the beginning of this video, I said the
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์˜ ์ดˆ์ž…์—์„œ
03:06
AA vowel is not always a pure AA. This
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AA๋ชจ์Œ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ๊ฑด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
vowel changes when itโ€™s followed by a
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์ด ๋ชจ์Œ์€ ๋น„์Œ์ด ๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ๋•Œ ๋ณ€ํ™”ํ•œ๋‹ค.
03:12
nasal consonant. When itโ€™s followed by
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mํ˜น์€ n๊ณผ๊ฐ™์€ ๋น„์Œ์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋ ๋•Œ
03:15
the M or N sounds, the tongue relaxes
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ํ˜€๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์™„๋˜๋ฉด์„œ
03:19
in the back, making an UH sound after
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AA์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ดํ›„์— UH์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด๋‚ธ๋‹ค.
03:23
AA. AA-UH. Itโ€™s not a pure AA sound.
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์ด๊ฑด ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ AA์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
Unfortunately, this change is not
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๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š”
03:31
represented in the International
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IPA์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜์˜๋˜์–ด์žˆ์ง€์•Š๋‹ค.
03:33
Phonetic Alphabet. Itโ€™s still written with
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์—ฌ์ „๋ฆฌํžˆ AA์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ํ‘œ๊ธฐ๋œ๋‹ค.
03:37
the same AA symbol. So, you just have
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋น„์Œ(M,N)์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋  ๋•Œ๋Š”
03:41
to know when itโ€™s followed by [m] or
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AA์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ ๋Š” ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค.
03:44
[n], itโ€™s different.
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03:47
We donโ€™t say โ€˜manโ€™, aa, โ€˜manโ€™, with a
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MAN์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ• ๋•Œ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ AA๋กœ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์ง€์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
03:52
pure AA. We say โ€˜manโ€™, aa-uh, aa-uh,
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MAN์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ• ๋•Œ๋Š” AAUH๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค.
04:00
relaxing the tongue and corners of the
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์ž์Œ๋ฐœ์Œ์ „ ์ž…๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ˜€๋ฅผ ์ด์™„์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด์„œ..
04:02
lips before the consonant. You can
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04:05
think of this UH relaxation as the โ€˜uhโ€™ as
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BUTTER์˜ UH๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์Šˆ์™€์ •๋„๋กœ
04:09
in โ€˜butterโ€™ sound or schwa sound. Letโ€™s
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๋ฐœ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์™„์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉฐ UH๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋ฉด ๋œ๋‹ค.
04:13
look up close and in slow motion at the
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EXAM์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋“ค์—ฌ๋‹ค ๋ณด์ž.
04:16
word โ€˜examโ€™.
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04:19
First we see the familiar shape of the
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๋จผ์ €, ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Œ์ ˆ์˜ AA๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ• ๋•Œ
04:21
mouth, when the AA is in a stressed
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์ž…๋ชจ์–‘๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
04:23
syllable. Watch how the relaxation
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์ด์™„์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด๋ผ.
04:26
happens: the corners of the lips relax
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์ž…๊ผฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์™„๋œ๋‹ค.
04:30
in. The tongue will relax down in the
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ํ˜€๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์ด์™„๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
04:33
back. And the lips close for the M
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M์ž์Œใ…‡๋ฅด ๋ฐœ์Œํ• ๋•Œ ์ž…์ˆ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฌธ๋‹ค.
04:37
consonant.
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04:40
This relaxation of the corner of the lips
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AA๋ชจ์Œ๋‹ค์Œ์— N์ž์Œ์ด ์˜ค๋Š”๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
04:43
and back of the tongue happens when
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์ž…๊ณ ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ˜€๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ด์™„์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•œ๋‹ค.
04:45
the AA vowel is followed by the N
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04:47
consonant as well. For example, the
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HAND๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ด๋ณด๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค.
04:50
word โ€˜handโ€™. Haa-uhnd. Hand.
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04:58
So, when you see this symbol followed
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M ํ˜น์€ N์ด ์ˆ˜๋ฐ˜๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
05:01
by this symbol or this symbol, itโ€™s no
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AA๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ AA๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:05
longer a pure AA. Think of relaxing out
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๋ชจ์Œ์„ ๋ฑ‰์–ด๋‚ผ๋•Œ ์ด์™„์‹œํ‚จ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ผ.
05:09
of the vowel, AA-UH.
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05:12
If the next sound is the NG consonant,
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๋‹ค์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ NG์ž์Œ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋ผ๋ฉด
05:15
itโ€™s a little different. Rather than โ€˜aa-
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„๋˜ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค.
05:19
uhโ€™, the vowel changes into AY. Itโ€™s
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AAUH๋ผ๊ธฐ ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” AY๋กœ ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋œ๋‹ค.
05:24
really like the AY as in SAY diphthong.
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SAY๊ฐ™์€ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ™์€๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
05:28
First, the middle part of the tongue lifts
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๋จผ์ € ์ž…์ฒœ์ •์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด
05:31
towards the roof of the mouth, then the
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ํ˜€์˜ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
05:34
front part of the tongue. Letโ€™s watch
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ํ˜€์˜ ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„๋„ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.
05:37
โ€˜gangโ€™ up close and in slow motion.
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GANG์„ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ด ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋ณด์ž.
05:41
The position for the first sound looks a
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์ฒซ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์œ„์น˜๋Š” ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ AA์™€
05:44
lot like AA, but the part of the tongue
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๋น„์Šทํ•ด๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
05:46
lifting up is more forward. Gaaaang.
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ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ฌ๋ ค์ง€๋Š” ๋ถ€์œ„๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋” ์•ž์ชฝ์ด๋‹ค.
05:51
Then the front part of the tongue
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜€์˜ ์•ž๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ž…์ฒœ์ •์„ ํ–ฅํ•ด
05:53
arches up towards the roof of the
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์•„์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค.(ํœ˜์–ด์ง„๋‹ค)
05:55
mouth, while the tongue tip remains
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ํ˜€๋์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์•„๋ž˜ ์ด๋นจ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•œ๋‹ค.
05:58
down.
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06:00
When you see this symbol followed by
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NG์ž์Œ์ด AA๋ชจ์Œ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๋‚˜์˜ฌ๋•Œ
06:03
this symbol, itโ€™s no longer a pure AA.
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ํ•œ AA๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
Itโ€™s more like AY. Gang. Thanks.
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ํ›จ์”ฌ AY์™€ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์ง„๋‹ค.
06:15
Pure stressed AA: Sat, aa
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๊ฐ•์„ธ์žˆ๋Š” ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ AA: SAT
06:22
Pure unstressed AA: backtrack, aa
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๊ฐ•์„ธ์—†๋Š” ์ˆœ์ˆ˜ AA: BACKTRACK
06:28
AA, aa, AA, aa.
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06:35
AA vowel modified by M: exam, aa-uh
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M์—์˜ํ•ด ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋˜๋Š” AA: EXAM
06:42
AA vowel modified by N: man, aa-uh
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N์—์˜ํ•ด ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋˜๋Š” AA: MAN
06:49
AA vowel modified by NG: gang, ay
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NG์—์˜ํ•ด ๋ณ€ํ˜•๋˜๋Š” AA: GANG
06:58
Example words. Repeat with me:
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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