American English Diphthongs - IPA - Pronunciation - International Phonetic Alphabet

341,844 views ใƒป 2011-07-25

Rachel's English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Take a look at these letters. They're not always pronounced the same. Take for example
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๆ‰‹็ด™ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏ ๅธธใซๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐ
00:05
the word 'height': here they are the 'ai' as in 'buy' diphthong. But in this word, weigh,
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ใ€ใ€Œ้ซ˜ใ•ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ ใ€Œ่ณผๅ…ฅใ€ไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œaiใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ“ใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใงใฏใ€้‡ใ•ใ‚’้‡ใ‚‹ใจใ€
00:13
they make the 'ay' as in 'say' diphthong sound. This is why the International Phonetic Alphabet
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€Œsayใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œayใ€ใ‚’ไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎ้Ÿณใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ€ๅ›ฝ้š›้Ÿณๅฃฐ่จ˜ๅท
00:22
does make it easier to study pronunciation. This particular video focuses on diphthongs.
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ใŒ็™บ้Ÿณใฎๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ‚’ๅฎนๆ˜“ใซใ™ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ ็‰นๅฎšใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฏไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:36
What is the International Phonetic Alphabet? It's a system of phonetic notation, and I
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ๅ›ฝ้š›้Ÿณๅฃฐ่จ˜ๅทใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้Ÿณๅฃฐ่กจ่จ˜ใฎใ‚ทใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
00:42
use it a lot on my website and when I teach students. I've also used it a lot when I've
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ใ€ใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใ‚„็”Ÿๅพ’ใซๆ•™ใˆใ‚‹ใจใใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅค–ๅ›ฝ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ—ใŸใจใใ‚‚ใ‚ˆใไฝฟใฃใฆใ„
00:48
studied foreign languages. The IPA is especially handy when studying English because English
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฏ้Ÿณๅฃฐ่จ€่ชžใงใฏใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€IPAใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซ็‰นใซไพฟๅˆฉ
00:53
is not a phonetic language. This means when you see a letter or a group of letters, it
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€ๆ–‡ๅญ—ใพใŸใฏๆ–‡ๅญ—ใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†’้ ญใฎไพ‹ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใใ‚Œ
00:58
will not necessarily always be pronounced the same in each word in which it occurs,
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ใŒๅ‡บ็พใ™ใ‚‹ๅ„ๅ˜่ชžใงๅฟ…ใšใ—ใ‚‚ๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใฏ้™ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
01:03
just as in the example at the beginning of this video. The IPA has a written symbol
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ใ€‚ IPAใซใฏใ€
01:08
for each phonetic sound, so this makes it easier to read about and write about pronunciation.
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้Ÿณๅฃฐใ”ใจใซ่จ˜ๅทใŒๆ›ธใ‹ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็™บ้Ÿณใฎ ่ชญใฟๆ–นใ‚„ๆ›ธใๆ–นใŒ็ฐกๅ˜ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:14
As a student of pronunciation, it's important that you become familiar with the symbols
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็™บ้Ÿณใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใจใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่กจใ™ ่จ˜ๅทใซ็ฒพ้€šใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™
01:19
that represent the sounds of American English.
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ใ€‚
01:22
Ow, say that with me, ow. This sound occurs in
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ใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏใ€
01:32
the words town, round, bow. Oh. Say that with me, oh. This sound occurs in the words though,
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ใ‚ฟใ‚ฆใƒณใ€ใƒฉใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใƒœใ‚ฆใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŠใƒผใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€็งใจไธ€็ท’ใซ ่จ€ใฃใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏ่จ€่‘‰ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€
01:47
no, show. Oy, oy. This sound occurs in the words toy, moist, joy. Ai, ai, This diphthong
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ใ„ใ„ใˆใ€่กจ็คบใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ชใ‚คใ€ใ‚ชใ‚คใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏใ€ ใŠใ‚‚ใกใ‚ƒใ€ใ—ใฃใจใ‚Šใ€ๅ–œใณใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ Aiใ€aiใ€ใ“ใฎไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณ
02:09
sound occurs in the words my, height, buy. Ay, ay. This sound occurs in the words fade,
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ใฏใ€myใ€heightใ€buyใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใ‚ใ‚ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏใ€ใƒ•ใ‚งใƒผใƒ‰ใ€ใƒกใ‚คใƒ‰ใ€ใ‚ฒใƒผใ‚ธใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™
02:25
maid, gauge. Yu, yu, this sound occurs in the word beauty, union, feud.
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ใ€‚ ใ‚†ใ†ใ€ใ‚†ใ†ใ€ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏ ็พŽใ€็ต„ๅˆใ€็ขบๅŸทใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:58
Great. Familiarizing yourself with these symbols should make it easier to study pronunciation. That's it,
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่จ˜ๅทใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ็™บ้Ÿณใฎๅ‹‰ๅผทใŒใ—ใ‚„ใ™ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘
03:06
and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒฌใ‚คใƒใ‚งใƒซใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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