English Pronunciation: how to pronounce the Word AND -- American Accent

179,126 views ใƒป 2011-09-21

Rachel's English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
The word 'and'. It's a function word, and often not given much time in a sentence. In
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ๅ˜่ชž'ใจ'ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๅคšใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆ–‡ใฎไธญใงใ‚ใพใ‚Šๆ™‚้–“ใŒไธŽใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
00:06
fact, sometimes it's reduced simply to the NN sound, like in this sentence.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใ€ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅ˜ใซNNใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใซ้‚„ๅ…ƒใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
00:11
And I'm going to have my friends there, and we're going to relax and enjoy and have a good time.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใ“ใซๅ‹้”ใŒใ„ ใฆใ€ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ€ๆฅฝใ—ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:19
I'm going to have my friends there, and we're going to relax and enjoy and have a good time.
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ใใ“ใซๅ‹้”ใŒใ„ ใฆใ€ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงๆฅฝใ—ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:24
So in this video, we'll focus on the word 'and'.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€ใ€ŒใŠใ‚ˆใณใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใซ็„ฆ็‚นใ‚’ๅฝ“ใฆใพใ™ใ€‚
00:34
The word 'and' is a conjunction, and conjunctions
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ใ€Œandใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฏๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆŽฅ็ถš่ฉž
00:37
are function words. This means it will generally be unstressed in a sentence, and sometimes
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ใฏๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ ใซๆ–‡ใฎไธญใงใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใŒใชใใ€ๆ™‚ใซใฏๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ•ใˆใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
00:43
even reduced. If you just say the word 'and' on its own, it is pronounced with the 'aa'
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใจใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชž ใ‚’ๅ˜็‹ฌใง่จ€ใ†ใจ
00:50
as in 'bat' vowel, the N consonant sound, and the D consonant. And. Now, when this 'aa'
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ใ€ใ€Œใƒใƒƒใƒˆใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œaaใ€ใ€Nๅญ้Ÿณ ใ€Dๅญ้Ÿณใง็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใจใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ“ใฎใ€Œaaใ€
00:59
vowel is followed by a nasal consonant (that would be N, M, or NG), the vowel sound does
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ๆฏ้ŸณใฎๅพŒใซ้ผปๅญ้Ÿณ๏ผˆ Nใ€Mใ€ใพใŸใฏNG๏ผ‰ใŒ็ถšใๅ ดๅˆใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎ้Ÿณใฏ
01:07
change a little bit. There's an 'uh' kind of sound that happens between the vowel and
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ๅฐ‘ใ—ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฏ้Ÿณใจๅญ้Ÿณใฎ้–“ใง็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ€Œใˆใˆใจใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ† ใช้ŸณใŒ
01:13
the consonant. Aa-uh-nnd. And. And. So the word, on its own, and. But, let's check out
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ Aa-uh-nndใ€‚ ใจใ€‚ ใจใ€‚ ใคใพใ‚Š ใ€ใใฎ่จ€่‘‰่‡ชไฝ“ใ€ใใ—ใฆใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—
01:25
the word 'and' in real conversation. And I'd like a side of bacon. And I'd like a side
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ใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎไผš่ฉฑใงใ€Œใจใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ ใ€ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ณใƒณใฎ็‰‡้ขใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ
01:31
of bacon. Did you notice how I didn't pronounce the D in the word 'and'? Let's listen again.
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ใ€ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ณใƒณใฎ็‰‡้ขใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€‚ 'ใจ'ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใงDใ‚’็™บ้Ÿณใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่žใ„ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:38
And I'd like a side of bacon. An'I'd, An'I'd. It's really important with function words,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ณใƒณใฎ็‰‡้ขใŒๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใ€ใ€‚ ๆฉŸ่ƒฝ่ชžใงใฏใ€
01:44
especially when we reduce something, that we link them to the words that come around
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็‰นใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ™ใจใใซใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๅ‘จๅ›ฒใฎๅ˜่ชžใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้žๅธธใซ้‡่ฆ
01:48
them. An'I'd, an'I'd, an'I'd like. Let's look at another example. And then my bacon is nice
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ็งใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใ€ใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏๆฌฒใ—ใ„ใ€ใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฎใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ณใƒณใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ
01:58
and thick. Nice n' thick. Did you notice how here I not only dropped the D, but I dropped
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ใฆๅŽšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ‹ใƒผใ‚นn'ๅŽšใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงDใ‚’่ฝใจใ—ใŸใ ใ‘ใงใชใ
02:03
the vowel sound altogether. Nn, nn. Pretty much just the N consonant sound tying those
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ใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅฎŒๅ…จใซ่ฝใจใ—ใŸใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€‚ Nnใ€nnใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ
02:09
two words together. Let's look again. And then my bacon is nice and thick. The word 'and'
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2ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใ‚’็ตใณไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‹Nๅญ้Ÿณใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ ็งใฎใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ณใƒณใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใใฆๅŽšใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ 'ใŠใ‚ˆใณ'ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฏใ€ใ“ใฎไพ‹ใฎ
02:17
can reduce to an', or nn, also the schwa-N sound, uhn, as in this example.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€'ใพใŸใฏnnใ€ใพใŸschwa-N ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใƒณใƒ‰ใ€uhnใซ้‚„ๅ…ƒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
02:27
He puts that on and then he puts this on.
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ๅฝผใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็€ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็€ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:36
He puts that on, and then he puts this on. So, the word
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ๅฝผใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็€ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๅฝผใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’็€ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€
02:40
'and' in everyday conversation will probably reduce to an' or simply nn. And it will link
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ๆ—ฅๅธธไผš่ฉฑใฎใ€ŒใŠใ‚ˆใณใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฏใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ใ€Œใ€ใพใŸใฏๅ˜ใซnnใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใฏ
02:48
to the words around it. Because it is unstressed, it will also be low in pitch and said very
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ใใฎๅ‘จใ‚Šใฎ่จ€่‘‰ใซใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใŒใชใ„ใฎใง ใ€ใƒ”ใƒƒใƒใ‚‚ไฝŽใใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚
02:54
quickly. Saying 'and' this way will smooth out speech and make it sound more natural.
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้€Ÿใ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œใ€ใจใ€Œใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใ€ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใƒใŒใ‚นใƒ ใƒผใ‚บใซ ใชใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่‡ช็„ถใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:01
Let's take a look at some more examples. My mom and I will be there. My mom'n, my mom'n,
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใฎ ๆฏใจ็งใฏใใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฎ
03:08
my mom'n I, mom'n I, My mom and I will be there. I'm taking off Monday and Tuesday.
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ใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใ€็งใฎใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใ€็งใฎใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“็งใ€ใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“็งใ€็งใฎใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใจ็งใฏ ใใ“ใซใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœˆๆ›œๆ—ฅใจ็ซๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ้›ข้™ธใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:16
Monday'n, Monday'n, Monday and Tuesday. I'm taking off Monday and Tuesday. I'll take this
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ๆœˆๆ›œๆ—ฅใ€ๆœˆๆ›œๆ—ฅใ€ๆœˆๆ›œๆ—ฅใ€็ซๆ›œๆ—ฅใ€‚ ๆœˆๆ›œๆ—ฅใจ็ซๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ้›ข้™ธใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:25
one and that one. This one'n, this one'n, I'll take this one and that one. And now it's
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ใ“ใ‚Œใจใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใจใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚’ๆŒใฃ ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
03:32
over. An'now, an', and now it's over. That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's
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็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€ŒไปŠใ€ใ€ใ€ใใ—ใฆไปŠใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใƒฌใ‚คใƒใ‚งใƒซใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†
03:41
English. An'thanks, an'thanks, that's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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ใ€‚ ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใ€ใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใ€ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒฌใ‚คใƒใ‚งใƒซใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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