Adjectives and Adverbs in English - 5 Levels of Difficulty

116,113 views ใƒป 2021-06-03

Oxford Online English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi, Iโ€™m Liam. Welcome to Oxfordย  Online English! In this lesson,ย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋ฆฌ์•”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Oxford ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์˜์–ด์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ! ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
00:06
you can learn about usingย  adjectives and adverbs in English.ย ย 
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ
00:11
Youโ€™ll see how to use different types ofย  adjectives or adverbs in an English sentence.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:16
To see more free English lessons, visit ourย  website: Oxford Online English dot com. Youย ย 
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ์˜ฅ์Šคํฌ๋“œ ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ์˜์–ด ๋‹ท์ปด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:22
can also book English classes withย  our fully-qualified teachers, who canย ย 
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00:26
help you with your English speaking, writing,ย  IELTS preparation, or whatever else you need.
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์˜์–ด ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ, ์“ฐ๊ธฐ, IELTS ์ค€๋น„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐํƒ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„์™€์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ž๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์˜ˆ์•ฝํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:32
This is a โ€˜5 levelsโ€™ lesson. Thatย  means youโ€™ll see five sections.ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ '5๋‹จ๊ณ„' ์ˆ˜์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์„น์…˜์ด ํ‘œ์‹œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
Each section will give you a challenge. Eachย  section is more difficult than the previous ones.
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๊ฐ ์„น์…˜์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์ „์„ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ์„น์…˜์€ ์ด์ „ ์„น์…˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
Level one is beginner, so if youโ€™re notย  a beginner, you should skip to level two.
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1๋‹จ๊ณ„๋Š” ์ดˆ๋ณด์ž์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ดˆ๋ณด์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด 2๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
Ready? Letโ€™s go!
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์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋œ? ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค!
00:52
Look at five sentences.ย 
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๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
00:56
Each sentence contains one adjective, and oneย  adverb. Can you find them? Pause the video,ย ย 
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๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์ผ์‹œ ์ค‘์ง€
01:02
and find the adjective and theย  adverb in each sentence. Do it now!ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ• !
01:10
Ready? Letโ€™s check.ย 
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์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋œ? ์ ๊ฒ€ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
01:15
Adjectives often come before a noun,ย  as in โ€˜old townโ€™ or โ€˜Italian bakeryโ€™.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” '์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๋งˆ์„'์ด๋‚˜ '์ดํƒˆ๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋นต์ง‘'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
Adjectives can also come after a noun, oftenย  after a verb like โ€˜beโ€™, as in โ€˜it was cloudyโ€™.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ข…์ข… ' it was cloud'์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด 'be'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
You could also put an adjective afterย  a noun using other linking verbs,ย ย 
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01:35
like โ€˜getโ€™, โ€˜becomeโ€™ or โ€˜lookโ€™.ย  For example: โ€˜Itโ€™s getting dark.โ€™
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'get', 'become' ๋˜๋Š” 'look'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ: 'It's getting dark.'
01:41
Adjectives only do one thing: they describeย  nouns. An adjective *always* links to a noun.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋งŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” *ํ•ญ์ƒ* ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
Adverbs can be harder to find,ย  because they do many different jobs.
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
Many adverbs end in -ly,ย  like โ€˜probablyโ€™ or โ€˜lightlyโ€™.ย ย 
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 'probably' ๋˜๋Š” 'lightly'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด -ly๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
However, many adverbs donโ€™t,ย  like โ€˜wellโ€™ or โ€˜everโ€™.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'well'์ด๋‚˜ 'ever'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
Also, adverbs do many different jobs. Theyย  can describe verbs, adjectives, or situations.
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๋˜ํ•œ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‚ฌ, ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
To use adjectives and adverbs well in English, youย  should know how to recognise them in a sentence.
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์˜์–ด์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ž˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ด๋“ค์„ ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:21
If thatโ€™s clear, then letโ€™s move on to level two!ย 
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ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด 2๋‹จ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค!
02:27
Hereโ€™s your challenge for level two.ย 
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๋ ˆ๋ฒจ 2์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋„์ „ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Here, your job is to put the adjectivesย  and adverbs in the right places.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ž„๋ฌด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์œ„์น˜์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
You canโ€™t add any punctuation. That means thereโ€™sย  only one possible answer for each sentence,ย ย 
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๊ตฌ๋‘์ ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
except sentence five, where thereโ€™sย  at least one more possibility.
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๋‹จ, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:51
Pause the video and think about it now!ย 
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์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”!
02:55
Could you do it? Letโ€™s take a look. So, what do you need to know here?
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ˆ? ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์ž. ์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์€?
03:03
There are rules for word orderย  for both adjectives and adverbs.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์–ด์ˆœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
The rules for adjectives are simpler,ย  because adjectives always link to a noun.ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
As you saw in level one, theย  adjective either goes before the noun,ย ย 
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๋ ˆ๋ฒจ 1์—์„œ ๋ณด์…จ๋“ฏ์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
03:17
or after the noun with a linking verb like โ€˜beโ€™. Rules for adverbs are more complicated,ย ย 
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'be'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋” ๋ณต์žกํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
because different kinds of adverbsย  need to go in different positions.
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์ ธ์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
Sometimes, an adjective and anย  adverb can have the same form.ย ย 
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
For example, โ€˜enoughโ€™ can beย  an adjective or an adverb.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 'enough'๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
If itโ€™s an adjective, it goes before theย  noun, as in: โ€˜We donโ€™t have enough time.โ€™ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ 'We don't have enough time'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
If itโ€™s an adverb, it goes after the verb or verbย  phrase. For example: โ€˜He didnโ€™t run fast enough.โ€™ย 
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ตฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜ˆ: '๊ทธ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'
03:58
This is a useful rule for adverb word order. Ifย  an adverb describes a verb, then it normally goesย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์–ด์ˆœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
04:05
after the verb or verb phrase. You canย  see this in sentences two and three.
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ตฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2๋ฒˆ๊ณผ 3๋ฒˆ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
If this is confusing for you, you shouldย  learn about the different types of adverb,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฝ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ 
04:17
and where to put them in a sentence.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์–ด๋””์— ๋„ฃ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:20
Itโ€™s also important that you can tell theย  difference between adjectives and adverbs.ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
Remember that the same word,ย  like โ€˜fastโ€™ or โ€˜enoughโ€™,ย ย 
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'fast' ๋˜๋Š” 'enough'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ
04:30
could be an adjective or an adverb inย  different sentences. You canโ€™t tell justย ย 
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์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ๋‹จ์–ด๋งŒ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋Š” ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:36
by looking at the word; you have to look atย  the whole sentence and understand the meaning.
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์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž
04:42
Now, letโ€™s go to level three!ย 
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, ์ด์ œ 3์ธต์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค!
04:47
Here are your sentences. Your job is simple:ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
choose the correct word in each sentence.ย  Pause the video now and find your answers.ย 
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๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ผ์‹œ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ต์„ ์ฐพ์œผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:01
Did you do it? Even if itโ€™s difficult,ย  spend some time thinking about it.ย ย 
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๋„ˆ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ํ–ˆ๋‹ˆ? ์–ด๋ ต ๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
05:06
Take more time if you need! OK, letโ€™s see the answers now.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋” ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋ผ! ์ด์ œ ๋‹ต์„ ๋ณด์ž.
05:14
Did you get the right answers? Is anythingย  confusing? Letโ€™s see whatโ€™s going on here.
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋‹ต์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:21
First point: not all adverbs end inย  -ly, and sometimes, a word can haveย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์š”์ : ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ -ly๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ , ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š”
05:28
two forms โ€“ like โ€˜hardโ€™ and โ€˜hardlyโ€™, or โ€˜directโ€™ย  and โ€˜directlyโ€™ โ€“ and *both* of them are adverbs.
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'hard'์™€ 'hardly' ๋˜๋Š” 'direct' ์™€ 'directly'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ *๋‘˜ ๋‹ค* ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
In sentence one, โ€˜hardโ€™ and โ€˜hardlyโ€™ are bothย  adverbs, but they have different meanings.ย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'hard'์™€ 'hardly'๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
Do you know what they mean? โ€˜Hardlyโ€™ means โ€˜almost neverโ€™.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? 'Hardly'๋Š” '๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ „ํ˜€'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
If you say โ€˜She hardly ever raises her voiceโ€™,ย  you mean that she almost never raises her voice.
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'๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
โ€˜Hardโ€™ as an adverb means โ€˜intenselyโ€™.
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ์˜ 'hard'๋Š” '๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
What about โ€˜directโ€™ and โ€˜directlyโ€™?ย  Here, itโ€™s slightly different.ย ย 
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'์ง์ ‘'๊ณผ '์ง์ ‘'์€? ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
Both mean that you go somewhere without stopping,ย  but theyโ€™re used in different contexts. In mostย ย 
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜
06:12
contexts, you say โ€˜directlyโ€™. For example: โ€˜Iย  walked directly over to him and told him to stop.โ€™ย 
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๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ '์ง์ ‘'์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ: '๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ฑธ์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ทธ๋งŒํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.'
06:21
But, if youโ€™re talking about publicย  transport, then you use โ€˜directโ€™, without -ly.ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ€์ค‘๊ตํ†ต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” -ly ์—†์ด 'direct'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
For example, if you take a train fromย  Berlin to Moscow without changing trains,ย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํ™˜์Šนํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ์—์„œ ๋ชจ์Šคํฌ๋ฐ”๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ„ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
06:33
then you can say you wentย  *direct* from Berlin to Moscow.ย 
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๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ์—์„œ ๋ชจ์Šคํฌ๋ฐ”๊นŒ์ง€ *์งํ–‰*์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
In sentence three, is โ€˜sicklyโ€™ย  an adjective or an adverb?ย 
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'sickly'๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
06:46
Itโ€™s an adjective. Adjectives can also end in -ly.ย  โ€˜Sickโ€™ and โ€˜sicklyโ€™ are both adjectives, but theyย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” -ly๋กœ ๋๋‚  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์•„ํ”„๋‹ค'์™€ '์•„ํ”„๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
06:54
have different meanings. โ€˜Sickโ€™ means ill, asย  in: โ€˜I canโ€™t come to work today. I feel sick.โ€™ย 
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์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '์•„ํ”„๋‹ค'๋Š” '์•„ํ”„๋‹ค'๋Š” '์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชธ์ด ์•ˆ ์ข‹์•„.' '
07:03
โ€˜Sicklyโ€™ describes someone who is unhealthy andย  who gets ill easily. For example: โ€˜She was a veryย ย 
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Sickly'๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ณ‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ: '๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ
07:10
sickly child. She seemed to get ill every month.โ€™ In sentence four, โ€˜lateโ€™ is an adverb, meaning theย ย 
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๋ณ‘์•ฝํ•œ ์•„์ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค๋‹ฌ ๋ณ‘์— ๊ฑธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•˜์–ด์š”.' 4๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'late'๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ,
07:18
opposite of โ€˜earlyโ€™. โ€˜Latelyโ€™ is also an adverb,ย  but it means โ€˜recentlyโ€™, and it doesnโ€™t fit here.ย 
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'early'์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'Lately'๋„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ๋ฐ '์ตœ๊ทผ์—'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
In sentence five, โ€˜flatlyโ€™ andย  โ€˜straightโ€™ are both adverbs.
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๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ 'flatly'์™€ 'straight'๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
Whatโ€™s the point here? The most important thingย  is that you canโ€™t tell by looking at a wordย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์š”์ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ธ์ง€ ๊ตฌ๋ถ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:40
whether itโ€™s an adjective or an adverb. Manyย  words can be both. Adjectives and adverbsย ย 
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. ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š”
07:47
can have the same form. Sometimes,ย  words which look like they shouldย ย 
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๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
07:51
be related โ€“ like โ€˜hardโ€™ and โ€˜hardlyโ€™ โ€“ย  can have completely different meanings.
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'hard' ๋ฐ 'hardly'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ด€๋ จ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
Donโ€™t focus on the words; focus onย  the sentences and what they mean.ย ย 
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๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
08:02
The same word in a different sentenceย  could have a completely different meaning.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์†
08:07
Ready to move on? Remember that you canย  always review a level if you need to.ย 
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์ง„ํ–‰ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
So, whatโ€™s happening here? Can you guess?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ถ”์ธก ํ•  ์ˆ˜?
08:21
Do these sentences look right to you? They arenโ€™t!ย  Each sentence has one mistake. The mistakesย ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜ณ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š”
08:29
relate to adjective or adverb use. Your jobย  is to find the mistakes and correct them.ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ž„๋ฌด๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:36
Try to think about *why* these sentencesย  are wrong. Could you explain the problem?ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ *์ด์œ *์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” . ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:43
Anyway, pause the video now, and thinkย  about your ideas. Take your time.ย 
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์–ด์จŒ๋“  ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์ผ์‹œ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
08:51
OK? Letโ€™s look together.ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:55
In sentence one, โ€˜amazingโ€™ is a strong adjective.ย  You canโ€™t use โ€˜veryโ€™ with a strong adjective.ย ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ 1์—์„œ '๋†€๋ผ์šด'์€ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•ํ•œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ '๋งค์šฐ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:03
You can use โ€˜reallyโ€™ orย  โ€˜absolutelyโ€™. So, you could also sayย ย 
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'์ •๋ง๋กœ' ๋˜๋Š” '์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
09:08
โ€˜It was an absolutely amazing experience.โ€™ Do you know any other strong adjectives?ย 
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'์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
09:17
There are many, but you could say adjectivesย  like โ€˜freezingโ€™, โ€˜incredibleโ€™ or โ€˜delightedโ€™.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ 'freezing', 'incredible' ๋˜๋Š” 'delighted'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
In sentence two, if you have moreย  than one adjective before a noun,ย ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ 2์—์„œ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
09:28
then the adjectives needย  to go in a specific order.ย ย 
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ์™€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:32
The most important rule to remember isย  that adjectives which give an opinionย ย 
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๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์€ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
09:36
go before adjectives which describe a fact.ย  Thatโ€™s why โ€˜lovelyโ€™ needs to go before โ€˜smallโ€™.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์™€์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ '๊ท€์—ฝ๋‹ค'๊ฐ€ '์ž‘๋‹ค'๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ž์„œ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค.
09:45
In sentence three, thereโ€™s aย  useful rule which you can use.ย ย 
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
If youโ€™re deciding where an adverbย  โ€“ like โ€˜sometimesโ€™ โ€“ can go,ย ย 
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'๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ'์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ 
09:53
and the verb has two parts โ€“ like โ€˜can beโ€™ โ€“ย  then the adverb *always* goes in the middle.ย 
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์žˆ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ 'ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋Š” *ํ•ญ์ƒ*์ด ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:04
In sentence four, can you explain theย  problem? Letโ€™s change the sentence a little.ย 
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๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”๋ณด์ž.
10:12
This sentence is fine. You donโ€™t need toย  add โ€˜peopleโ€™ to make it correct. Why not?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด '์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ ์•ˆ ๋ผ?
10:22
Some adjectives can also beย  used as nouns. โ€˜Egyptianโ€™ย ย 
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'Egyptian'
10:25
can be an adjective or a noun. โ€˜Spanishโ€™ isย  only an adjective, so it needs a noun after it.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'Spanish'๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋’ค์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
With words for nationalities, words which endย  in A-N can be used as adjectives or nouns:ย ย 
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๊ตญ์ ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ A-N์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
10:39
German, Russian, Australian, Brazilian, andย  so on. There are a few other words whichย ย 
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๋…์ผ, ๋Ÿฌ์‹œ์•„, ํ˜ธ์ฃผ, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ๋“ฑ.
10:45
donโ€™t fit this pattern, but can also be used asย  adjectives or nouns, like โ€˜Greekโ€™ or โ€˜Kazakhโ€™.
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์ด ํŒจํ„ด์— ๋งž์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ 'Greek' ๋˜๋Š” 'Kazakh'์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:54
So, you can say: โ€˜There are manyย  Greeks living in Australia.โ€™ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ' ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ธ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:00
If you arenโ€™t sure whether a word can be used asย  a noun or not, then just add a noun afterwards.ย ย 
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๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:06
You can also say: โ€˜There are many Greek peopleย  living in Australia.โ€™ Itโ€™s totally correct.ย 
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'ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ธ์ด ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
In sentence five, you have a compound adjective:ย ย 
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๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
โ€˜two-year-oldโ€™, which is madeย  by combining other words.
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'two-year-old'๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
Compound adjectives are often made with a number,ย ย 
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๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข…
11:25
like โ€˜a six-hour flightโ€™ or โ€˜aย  three-hundred-dollar ticketโ€™.
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'6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋น„ํ–‰' ๋˜๋Š” ' 300๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ‹ฐ์ผ“'๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:31
If you make a compound adjective with a number,ย ย 
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์ˆซ์ž๋กœ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ
11:34
*donโ€™t* add an -s to the other parts ofย  the adjective. Itโ€™s a common mistake.
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์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— -s๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ *๋งˆ์„ธ์š”* . ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
Now, letโ€™s look at theย  hardest challenge: level five!
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ฑŒ๋ฆฐ์ง€์ธ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ 5๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
11:49
Level five will test everything youโ€™veย  seen so far. Here are your sentences.ย 
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๋ ˆ๋ฒจ 5๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ณธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
Only one of these sentences is correct. Fourย  have problems โ€“ possibly just one mistake,ย ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋งŒ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 4๋ช…์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„
12:01
or maybe more than one! Your jobย  is to find the correct sentence,ย ย 
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์žˆ๊ณ  ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ด์ƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์ž„๋ฌด๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ 
12:06
and correct the mistakes in the otherย  four. Pause the video and do your best!ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ 4๊ฐœ์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
12:13
Ready? How did you do? Whichย  sentence do you think is correct?ย 
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์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋œ? ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์…จ์–ด์š”? ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋งž๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
12:21
Sentence two is correct; theย  other four have problems.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 4๊ฐœ์—๋Š” ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:25
Surprised? Some people might tell you thatย  sentence two is wrong, because you should use anย ย 
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๋†€๋ž€? ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:31
adverb: โ€˜Iโ€™m doing wellโ€™. However, in colloquialย  speech, itโ€™s common to say โ€˜Iโ€™m doing good.โ€™
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'์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด์—์„œ๋Š” '์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:39
What about the other four? Letโ€™s look.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 4๊ฐœ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์ž.
12:42
In sentence one, you should say:ย  โ€˜We went deep into the forest.โ€™ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ' ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊นŠ์€ ์ˆฒ ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ”๋‹ค'. '
12:49
โ€˜Deepโ€™ and โ€˜deeplyโ€™ are both adverbs,ย ย 
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๊นŠ์€'๊ณผ '๊นŠ์ด'๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ
12:53
but if youโ€™re talking about aย  place, you can only use โ€˜deepโ€™,ย ย 
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” '๊นŠ์€ ๊ณณ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ' ๊นŠ์€'๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
meaning โ€˜far intoโ€™. โ€˜Deeplyโ€™ describes how youย  do something. Here, youโ€™re talking about a place,ย ย 
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'. 'Deeply'๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
because youโ€™re saying *where* you went, or, moreย  specifically, *how far* into the forest you went.ย 
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด *์–ด๋””๋กœ* ๊ฐ”๋Š”์ง€, ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ˆฒ ์†์œผ๋กœ *์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜* ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ* ๊ฐ”๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
In sentence three, you need to sayย  โ€˜a *lone* criminalโ€™, not โ€˜aloneโ€™.
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ' ํ˜ผ์ž'๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ '*๊ณ ๋…ํ•œ* ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:20
Some adjectives change form dependingย  on whether theyโ€™re used beforeย ย 
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์ผ๋ถ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋’ค์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:23
or after the noun they describe. โ€˜Loneโ€™ย  and โ€˜aloneโ€™ have the same meaning,ย ย 
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. 'Lone' ๊ณผ 'alone'์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช…์‚ฌ
13:29
but you can only use โ€˜loneโ€™ beforeย  a noun, and โ€˜aloneโ€™ after a noun.ย 
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์•ž์—๋Š” 'lone' , ๋ช…์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—๋Š” 'alone'๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:36
In sentence four, โ€˜ratherโ€™ย  cannot be used in this way.ย ย 
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4๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ '์˜คํžˆ๋ ค'๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
You could say โ€˜completely wrongโ€™, โ€˜utterly wrongโ€™ย  or โ€˜totally wrongโ€™. There are other possibilities.
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'์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ‹€๋ ธ์–ด', '์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ‹€๋ ธ์–ด' ๋˜๋Š” '์™„์ „ํžˆ ํ‹€๋ ธ์–ด'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
โ€˜Ratherโ€™ expresses a medium level of something.ย ย 
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'์˜คํžˆ๋ ค'๋Š” ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
For example, if you say โ€˜Itโ€™s ratherย  coldโ€™, you mean that itโ€™s โ€˜mediumโ€™ cold.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 'It's ๋‹ค์†Œ ์ถฅ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ '์ค‘๊ฐ„' ์ถฅ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
However, โ€˜wrongโ€™ is *ungradable*. Itโ€™s a binaryย  idea: either something is wrong, or it isnโ€™t.ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ 'ํ‹€๋ฆฌ๋‹ค'๋Š” *์ฑ„์  ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€*์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ถ„๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:05
You canโ€™t have different levels of wrong.ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ์ž˜๋ชป์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:10
Finally, in sentence five, the first problemย  is with word order and adverb position.ย ย 
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ 5์—์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์–ด์ˆœ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์˜ ์œ„์น˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
The second problem is that thereโ€™s a doubleย  negative. โ€˜Hardlyโ€™ means โ€˜almost notโ€™,ย ย 
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ด์ค‘ ๋ถ€์ •์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๊ฑฐ์˜'๋Š” '๊ฑฐ์˜'๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
14:21
so it includes a logical negative. You canโ€™tย  use โ€˜hardlyโ€™ and โ€˜didnโ€™tโ€™ together. The mostย ย 
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์  ๋ถ€์ •์„ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 'hardly'์™€ 'dn't'๋ฅผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ
14:26
likely correct sentence is: โ€˜Unfortunately,ย  they hardly prepared for their presentation,ย ย 
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์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ค€๋น„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ณ ,
14:31
and unsurprisingly it was an utter disaster.โ€™ There are other possible positions for theย ย 
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๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์žฌ์•™์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.' ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:39
adverbs. For example, โ€˜unsurprisinglyโ€™ย  could go at the end of the sentence.
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. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด '๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ'๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋์— ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:46
How did you do? Using adjectivesย  and adverbs correctly is complex,ย ย 
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์…จ์–ด์š”? ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณต์žก
14:52
and there are many things you need to thinkย  about to use this language to a high level.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋†’์€ ์ˆ˜์ค€์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ๋ คํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:57
If this lesson was hard forย  you, donโ€™t worry! In each level,ย ย 
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์–ด๋ ค์› ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”! ๊ฐ ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์—์„œ
15:01
we mention topics which you need to know toย  understand the sentences and the exercises.ย ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:08
Choose one or two topics, and work onย  them. Donโ€™t try to do everything at once!
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ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž‘์—…ํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค!
15:15
Thatโ€™s all. Thanks for watching!
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ. ์‹œ์ฒญ ํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
15:17
See you next time!
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๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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