3 ways to express negative ideas POWERFULLY

330,863 views ใƒป 2014-01-20

Learn English with Rebecca


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi, my name is Rebecca, and in today's lesson I'm going to show you how to express negative
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ Rebecca์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š”
00:08
ideas in a very powerful way in English. Okay? Now, there are many ways to do this, but the
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
00:15
way that I'm going to show you teaches you certain expressions which we place at the
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:21
beginning of the sentence and that emphasize the negative aspect of whatever it is that
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๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์ • ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
we're trying to communicate. Now, this is a bit of an advanced lesson because
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์˜์‚ฌ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ
00:33
some of the changes that we have to make in the sentence in order to convey the negative
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์—์„œ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„
00:39
aspect are a little bit tricky, but I think if you follow along, you will understand.
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๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด โ€‹โ€‹์ดํ•ดํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
And secondly, even if you are not at an advanced level, it's good to understand how these expressions
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘˜์งธ, ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋”๋ผ๋„ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ๋ณ€
00:52
are used, so when people around you use them, you will follow why they're using those expressions
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€,
00:57
and how seriously they are conveying what they want to communicate. Okay? So, let's
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ง„์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ž,
01:04
look. So the expressions that we can use at the
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๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์€
01:09
beginning of the sentence are: "Never before", or: "Under no circumstances", or: "On no account".
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"Never before" ๋˜๋Š” "Under no conditions" ๋˜๋Š” "On no account"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
Okay? So these are three different ways that we can express negative ideas. And I'm going
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
to show you now how to incorporate them or how to use them in the context of an English
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‚˜ ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:34
sentence. So let's suppose in the first example that
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. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ
01:39
this is the idea that we want to express. The idea we want to express in regular English
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„ ์—†์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€
01:46
without this expression first is: "We cannot allow this to continue."
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
Okay? That's your regular sentence. Right? "We cannot allow this to continue." Just ignore
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ •๊ทœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:00
the numbers for a moment; I'm going to explain why I've put numbers on them. Now, look what
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์ž ์‹œ ๋™์•ˆ ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ˆซ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ธ ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
02:05
happens to the sentence when we use one of these expressions first to emphasize the negative
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋จผ์ € ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
02:12
aspect: "Under no circumstances can we allow this
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. "์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:18
to continue." Right? We cannot... We didn't say: "Under
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." ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "
02:23
no circumstances we cannot allow this to continue." We didn't just add this and keep the sentence
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์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:29
the same; we had to make some changes. So what came first? Now, when we use this expression,
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. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋จผ์ € ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด์ œ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ
02:36
first we have to use the auxiliary or helping verb, like here: "can". Okay? Then we have
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๋จผ์ € "can"๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ "we"๋ผ๋Š”
02:44
to put the subject of the sentence which is: "we", and then you place the main verb.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋†“๊ณ  ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์”๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
All right? Let's look. So here it said: "We cannot allow", and here we said: "Under no circumstances
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ณด์ž. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” "์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋„
02:59
can we allow this to continue." So this negative part came into this expression, and therefore,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์— ๋“ค์–ด์™”๊ณ , ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
03:12
the rest of the sentence became positive, but the implication is still negative.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ•จ์ถ•ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
All right? Let's look at another example. This is the
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
idea you want to convey: "We will not admit anyone under 18."
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์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. " 18์„ธ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์€ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
03:29
"We will not admit anyone under 18." That's the regular sentence. Now, when we use one
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"18์„ธ ๋ฏธ๋งŒ์€ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๊ทœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:36
of these expressions, we could say: "On no account will we admit anyone under
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
18." So, what happened? "On no account will we
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? "๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:49
admit", all right? So first the auxiliary: "will", then the subject: "we", then the main
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์ธ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฑฐ์•ผ", ์•Œ์•˜์ง€? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋จผ์ € ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ: "will", ์ฃผ์ œ: "we",
03:57
verb: "admit". Okay? Let's look at another example.
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์ฃผ๋™์‚ฌ: "admit"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
"We have never spent so much before." Okay? That's your regular sentence. "We have
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „์— ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์ด ์“ด ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ •๊ทœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:07
never spent so much before." When we use another one of these expressions, we say:
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์ „์— ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์ด ์“ด ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:15
"Never before have we spent so much." Okay? "Never before have we spent so much."
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”? "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์ด ์“ด ์ ์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
04:26
Okay? So, you see again that the "never" came at the beginning in the form of this expression,
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” "์ ˆ๋Œ€"๊ฐ€ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚˜์™”๊ณ 
04:33
and then the rest of it remained positive, but the overall impression that you give is
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์ธ์ƒ์€
04:39
that you have never spent so much before. Okay?
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์ด์ „์— ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์ด ์ง€์ถœํ•œ ์ ์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:43
So these three expressions are very useful and powerful to express negative ideas because
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
right at the start of the sentence you're communicating the message, a very strong message
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:56
that there is a negative idea that you want to express. Okay?
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
05:00
If you'd like to practice this - which is probably a very good idea - go to our website:
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด - ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค - ์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค:
05:05
www.engvid.com. Thanks very much for watching and good luck with your English.
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www.engvid.com. ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด์— ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋น•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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