Negative Prefixes in English: UN-, DIS-, NON-, A-, AB-, AN-, ANTI-

226,067 views ใƒป 2019-04-23

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hello.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:01
I'm Gill from engVid, and today we have a lesson on a way of increasing your vocabulary
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์ €๋Š” engVid์˜ Gill์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ "๋ถ€์ • ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š” ์•ž์— ๋ช‡ ๊ธ€์ž๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ
00:10
by turning a positive word into a negative one just by adding a few letters at the front,
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๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ๋†’์ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:18
which is called a "negative prefix".
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.
00:22
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
00:23
So, it's a rather nice way of adding to the...
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
00:27
All the words that you know in English.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฝค ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
And in English, there are actually 12 different prefixes, negative prefixes, so what we've
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ 12๊ฐœ์˜ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ, ๋ถ€์ • ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:42
done: We have done two separate lessons.
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. ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์ž "i"๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š”
00:45
There's another lesson covering five of the negative prefixes that all begin with the
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๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ถ€์ • ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:52
letter "i".
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.
00:54
This one, we have seven, the other seven which all begin with different letters.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ 7๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ 7๊ฐœ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
01:05
So, just a way to increase your vocabulary, turning a positive word to a negative one.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์–ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋Š˜๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:11
Right.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ.
01:12
So, let's... let's start.
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์ž... ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
And looking first of all at the prefix: "un" which makes something negative.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌด์—‡๋ณด๋‹ค ๋จผ์ € ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ "un"์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
01:22
So, if something is "believable", you believe it.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”" ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฏฟ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:27
"That seems believable."
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"๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
01:28
If someone makes an excuse, why they're late for...
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํ•‘๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ€๋ฉด ์™œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Šฆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ...
01:32
For their class or for work - they had a believable excuse; a believable reason why they were
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์ˆ˜์—…์ด๋‚˜ ์ผ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— - ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋“ฏํ•œ ํ•‘๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋Œ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Šฆ์€ ๋ฏฟ์„๋งŒํ•œ ์ด์œ 
01:41
late.
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.
01:42
But if you think: "Oh, that doesn't sou-...
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด: "์•„, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ์ •๋ง-...
01:45
I don't think I believe that.
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๋‚œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
01:47
That doesn't sound right.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์˜ณ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋„ค์š”.
01:49
I think they're lying", basically.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”", ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ.
01:52
Telling a lie, then their... their reason is "unbelievable".
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๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜โ€ฆ ์ด์œ ๋Š” "๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค".
01:56
"That was unbelievable."
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"๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด."
01:59
Okay, so that turns it to the negative.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์Œ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
So, there are a lot of words in English which you can add "un" at the beginning.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์— "un"์„ ๋ถ™์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
So, another one, if you're "certain" about something, you're...
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด "ํ™•์‹ "ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด , ๋‹น์‹ ์€...
02:15
You're very sure about it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
You know it's true.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
But if you're "uncertain", then you're not sure.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ "๋ถˆํ™•์‹ค"ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
02:26
"Fair".
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"๊ณต์ •ํ•œ".
02:28
If things are fair, then it's...
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€...
02:32
Everything is good; everybody is being treated equally and treated well.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋™๋“ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€์šฐ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ๋Œ€์šฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
But if something is "unfair".
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ "๋ถˆ๊ณต์ •"ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ.
02:41
If someone's handing out chocolates...
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ ›์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์ฃผ๋ฉด...
02:44
I keep coming back to chocolates - I wonder why.
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์ž๊พธ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ ›์ด ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๊ฑด์ง€.. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฉ
02:49
If someone is handing out chocolates to a room full of people and they give five chocolates
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์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ๋‚˜๋ˆ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
02:56
to one person, one chocolate to another person, and no chocolates to another person, then
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ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๊ฐœ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐœ, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ดˆ์ฝœ๋ฆฟ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:05
that seems a little bit unfair.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ถˆ๊ณตํ‰ํ•ด ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
That's unfair; everyone should have an equal number.
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๋ถˆ๊ณตํ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:12
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
03:13
So, "unfair".
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ถˆ๊ณตํ‰ ํ•ด".
03:16
"Friendly".
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"์นœ์ˆ™ํ•œ".
03:17
We all try to be friendly and nice to each other.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๊ณ  ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:21
If people are friendly, that's great.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:23
But if they're "unfriendly", if they're not very nice, then that's the opposite, of course.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด "๋น„์šฐํ˜ธ์ "์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์นœ์ ˆํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
"Unfriendly".
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"ํ•ด๋กœ์šด".
03:32
"That woman was rather unfriendly."
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"๊ทธ ์—ฌ์ž๋Š” ์˜คํžˆ๋ ค ๋ถˆ์นœ์ ˆํ–ˆ์–ด์š”."
03:35
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
03:38
And then: "happy".
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "ํ–‰๋ณต".
03:39
If you're happy, everything's going well; but then something bad happens and it makes
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž˜ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
03:44
you "unhappy".
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"๋ถˆํ–‰"ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
"Unhappy".
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"๋ถˆํ–‰ํ•œ".
03:48
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
03:50
"Kind".
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"์นœ์ ˆํ•œ".
03:52
When people behave nicely, they're kind to each other.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ฐฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ–‰๋™ํ•˜๋ฉด ์„œ๋กœ์—๊ฒŒ ์นœ์ ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:56
And then the opposite would be "unkind", again, if someone does something not very nice.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋Š” "๋ถˆ์นœ์ ˆ"ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:03
"That was an unkind thing to do."
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"๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ถˆ์นœ์ ˆํ•œ ์ง“์ด์—ˆ์–ด์š”."
04:07
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
04:08
"Lucky".
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"์šด์ด ์ข‹์€".
04:10
If you're a lucky person, if you...
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์šด์ด ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด...
04:12
If you go in for competitions, and the lottery, things like that and you win some money or
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋Œ€ํšŒ๋‚˜ ๋ณต๊ถŒ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•ด์„œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ˆ์„ ์–ป๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
04:20
you win a prize quite often, then you're a lucky person; good things happen to you.
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๊ฝค ์ž์ฃผ ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์šด์ด ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
Or just life in general, you feel: "I've...
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‚ถ์—์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚˜๋Š”... ๋‚˜๋Š”
04:30
I've been very lucky; getting a good job, finding somewhere nice to live, etc.
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04:37
I've been very lucky."
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์•„์ฃผ ์šด์ด ์ข‹์•˜์–ด.
04:40
But if... if it's the opposite and a lot of things go wrong all the time, or you never
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ... ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ด๊ณ  ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์ด ์ž˜๋ชป๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ
04:46
win a prize or anything, or a competition, then you're "unlucky".
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์—์„œ ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ์ด๊ธฐ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "์šด์ด ์—†๋Š”" ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
"That was unlucky.
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"๊ทธ๊ฑด ์šด์ด ๋‚˜๋นด์–ด. ์šด์ด
04:55
That was an unlucky day; everything went wrong."
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๋‚˜๋นด๋˜ ๋‚ ์ด์—ˆ์–ด. ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒŒ ์ž˜๋ชป๋์–ด."
04:59
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
05:01
"Popular".
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"์ธ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š”".
05:03
If lots of people like you, then you're popular.
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๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
But if there's someone that people don't seem to like; they don't have much to do with them,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ; ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ
05:12
they don't have a nice chat, a conversation with them, they stay away from them, then
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์ข‹์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  , ๊ทธ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
05:19
that person is "unpopular".
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ "์ธ๊ธฐ ์—†๋Š”" ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
For whatever reason, people don't like to be with that person; they're unpopular.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๋กœ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
05:29
So, "sure" is a bit like "certain".
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "ํ™•์‹คํžˆ"๋Š” "ํ™•์‹คํžˆ"์™€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:34
"Certain" and "sure".
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"ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๋‹ค" ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "ํ™•์‹คํ•˜๋‹ค".
05:35
"I'm...
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"๋‚˜๋Š”...
05:36
I'm sure I did well in the exam.
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์‹œํ—˜์„ ์ž˜ ๋ดค๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ด.
05:39
I'm sure."
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ํ™•์‹ ํ•ด."
05:42
But if you're not sure, you feel a little bit "unsure".
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ "ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋Š๋‚„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
You're unsure about how you did in the exam; it's hard to know: "Did I do well?
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์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ์ด ์„œ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค: "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ํ–ˆ๋‹ˆ?
05:52
I...
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๋‚˜...
05:53
I'm not sure.
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์ž˜
05:54
I'm unsure."
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๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด.
05:55
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
05:58
And then, finally, in this column: "tidy" is when you keep your room, your house tidy,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์นผ๋Ÿผ์—์„œ "๊น”๋”ํ•˜๋‹ค"๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ, ์ง‘์„ ๊น”๋”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:06
everything looks nice, there's not a lot of stuff lying all over the place.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฉ‹์ ธ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ๋†“์—ฌ ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
It's very tidy.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊น”๋”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
"You keep your room tidy.
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์„ ๊น”๋”ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
Clean and tidy."
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๊นจ๋—ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊น”๋”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:18
But if you just leave everything lying about all over the place, and dirty dishes, you've
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ฐฉ์— ๋†”๋‘๊ณ  ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ ‘์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋†”๋‘๊ณ 
06:24
had a meal and you just left the dirty dishes and the cutlery just lying around on the floor,
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์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ ‘์‹œ ์™€ ์ˆ˜์ €๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋†”๋‘๋ฉด ๋ƒ„์ƒˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๊ณ 
06:32
and it's smelling and horrible, then that's "untidy".
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๋”์ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ".
06:37
Untidy.
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์–ด์ˆ˜์„ ํ•œ.
06:38
"He's such an untidy person.
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"๊ทธ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์–ด์ˆ˜์„ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์•ผ.
06:41
He leaves things lying around his room."
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๋ฐฉ์— ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ๋†”๋‘๊ณ  ์™€."
06:46
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
06:48
So, let's move on to the next column, so: "dis" is another prefix to turn words to the
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์—ด๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "dis"๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์Œ์ˆ˜๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:56
negative.
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.
06:57
So, if you agree with someone, you say: "Yes, yes, I think so, too.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋ฉด "์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ, ์ €๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
I agree.
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๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
I agree."
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๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:05
But if you don't agree with them, then you "disagree".
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค".
07:08
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
07:09
"I'm sorry, but I have to disagree with you, there.
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"๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:12
I don't think the same as you; I disagree."
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:18
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
07:19
"Appear".
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"๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋‹ค".
07:20
If someone appears, you see them.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
"Oh, hello."
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"์˜ค ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”."
07:23
A friend comes into the room, they appear.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ์— ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
But then if they...
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด...
07:28
They go away again: "Oh, where did he go?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง„๋‹ค๋ฉด: "์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ”์ง€?
07:31
Where did he go?
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์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ”์ง€?
07:32
He's disappeared.
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์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์–ด.
07:33
He's disappeared."
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์‚ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์–ด."
07:34
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
07:37
"Honest".
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"์†”์งํ•œ".
07:39
It's good to try to be honest all the time; tell the truth.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ •์งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„์‹ค์„ ๋งํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
07:43
But some people, I'm sure we've all met some people who are "dishonest"; they're not honest.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ "๋ถ€์ •์งํ•œ" ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •์งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:51
They tell lies, they trick you, they deceive you.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์†์ด๊ณ , ์†์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:56
"Dishonest".
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"๋ถ€์ •ํ•œ".
07:57
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
07:58
So, you have to be careful.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:00
If you can tell if someone is dishonest, then maybe you avoid having anything to do with
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์งํ•œ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค ๊ณผ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋งบ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:08
them.
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.
08:09
So, okay.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
08:10
"Like" - nice, simple word.
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"Like" - ์ข‹์€, ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด.
08:13
If you like somebody or you like something - that's the positive.
137
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
If you don't like it, you "dislike" it or you dislike that person.
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๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด "์‹ซ์–ด"ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
"Dislike".
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"์‹ซ์–ดํ•จ".
08:23
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
08:24
And, finally, in this column: "trust".
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ด ์—ด์—๋Š” "์‹ ๋ขฐ"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:27
Again, it's like "honest".
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ "์ •์ง"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
-"Can you trust this person?
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-"์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:31
Can you believe what they tell you?"
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
08:34
-"Yes, I trust that person."
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-"์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:36
Or: "No.
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๋˜๋Š”: "์•„๋‹ˆ์š”.
08:38
I...
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์ €๋Š”...
08:39
I don't trust that person.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
I 'distrust'.
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์ €๋Š” '๋ถˆ์‹ 'ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
Distrust that person.
150
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ถˆ์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
I'm not sure they're telling the truth all the time; I distrust them."
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ง„์‹ค์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋ถˆ์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:48
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
08:51
This one, fairly obvious with "non" as the prefix.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋กœ "non"์ด ๋ถ™์€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:55
"Non" like "no".
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"์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค"์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ "์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค".
08:59
And usually this one has the actual hyphen included in the word; whereas all the others,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์‹ค์ œ ํ•˜์ดํ”ˆ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”
09:09
you would just have the extra letters but no hyphen.
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์ž๋งŒ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ดํ”ˆ์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
So this one usually, apart from here with "nonsense", you get the little hyphen; the
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ "๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ"๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž‘์€ ํ•˜์ดํ”ˆ์„ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
little mark, there.
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์ž‘์€ ํ‘œ์‹œ, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ.
09:23
So, with "fiction", "fiction" is a book that's a story; not a true story, not a true history,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "์†Œ์„ค"๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ "์†Œ์„ค"์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ธ ์ฑ…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹คํ™”๋„, ์‹คํ™”๋„ ์•„๋‹Œ,
09:32
but just a story or a novel that's...
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๊ทธ์ € ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋‚˜ ์†Œ์„ค์€...
09:35
That's with characters in it who aren't real people, so that's "fiction".
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์‹ค์ œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋“ฑ์žฅ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด ๋“ฑ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ "ํ”ฝ์…˜"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
But if you prefer books which are about real people or history, then it's "non-fiction";
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์กด ์ธ๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์„ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "๋…ผํ”ฝ์…˜"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
it's the opposite of "fiction".
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "์†Œ์„ค"์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
It's "non-fiction".
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"๋…ผํ”ฝ์…˜"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
09:53
So, "sense".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "์„ผ์Šค".
09:56
When things make sense, they sound logical.
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์ผ์ด ์ด์น˜์— ๋งž์œผ๋ฉด ๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
But if you say: "No, that...
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด "์•„๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด...
10:02
That's nonsense.
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ ๋ผ.
10:03
What you've just told me is nonsense.
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๋„ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ•œ ๋ง์€ ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ ๋ผ.
10:05
That can't possibly be true.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด.
10:08
Nonsense."
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๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋ผ."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด.
10:09
Sometimes you hear what's called fake news nowadays or you see it on the internet, and
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๊ฐ€๋” ์š”์ฆ˜ ๊ฐ€์งœ๋‰ด์Šค๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์—์„œ ๋ณด๋Š”๋ฐ
10:17
it's hard to tell sometimes: "Is that real news or is it fake news?
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๊ฐ€๋” "์ €๊ฒŒ ์ง„์งœ ๋‰ด์Šค์•ผ ๊ฐ€์งœ๋‰ด์Šค์•ผ?
10:21
Is it true or not?"
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์•ผ?"
10:24
So, if it's nonsense, it's like fake news; you can't really believe it.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์งœ ๋‰ด์Šค์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •๋ง ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:31
It...
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€...
10:32
It's not possible.
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๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
So, okay.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
10:35
A "smoker" - someone who smokes cigarettes, etc., pipes, and cigars, tobacco of any kind;
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"ํก์—ฐ์ž" - ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ ๋“ฑ, ํŒŒ์ดํ”„, ์‹œ๊ฐ€, ๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šฐ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
10:44
a smoker.
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ํก์—ฐ์ž.
10:46
But then there's the "non-smoker" who does not smoke.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” "๋น„ํก์—ฐ์ž"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:51
"Non-smoker".
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"๋น„ ํก์—ฐ์ž".
10:52
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
10:53
And you can have room in hotels which are non-smo-...
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธˆ์—ฐ ํ˜ธํ…”์— ๋ฐฉ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
10:57
Rooms for non-smokers, and carriages on the train which are for non-smokers.
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๋น„ํก์—ฐ์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ์‹ค๊ณผ ๋น„ํก์—ฐ์ž๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ด์ฐจ์˜ ๊ฐ์ฐจ.
11:06
In fact, I think in the UK, I don't think you can smoke on the train anymore.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ์—์„œ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:12
It's...
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€...
11:13
It's not...
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๊ทธ๊ฑด...
11:15
Not legal anymore.
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๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ•ฉ๋ฒ•์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
It's been banned to smoke anywhere on a train or on the train platform even.
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๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์•ˆ์ด๋‚˜ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์—์„œ๋„ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธˆ์ง€๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:23
So, in public places now it's restricted.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ด ์ œํ•œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:28
So, non-smokers are people who don't smoke.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋น„ํก์—ฐ์ž๋Š” ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
"Stick".
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"๋ง‰๋Œ€".
11:36
If something sticks, it sort of stuck like glue or something; two pieces of paper stuck
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ๋ถ™์œผ๋ฉด ์ ‘์ฐฉ์ œ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถ™์–ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์žฅ์˜ ์ข…์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:44
together.
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.
11:45
"Non-stick" usually is a description for something like a frying pan that you use; a non-stick
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"๋ถ™์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”"์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋ผ์ดํŒฌ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ถ™์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”
11:56
frying pan.
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ํ”„๋ผ์ดํŒฌ.
11:59
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
12:00
A frying pan that you fry...
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ํŠ€๊ธฐ๋Š” ํ”„๋ผ์ดํŒฌ...
12:04
Oh, you might fry an egg, you might fry some onions, anything like that.
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์˜ค, ๊ณ„๋ž€์„ ํŠ€๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์–‘ํŒŒ๋ฅผ ํŠ€๊ธธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:12
And if it's non-stick, it means the food doesn't stick to the bottom of the frying pan.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ™์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์Œ์‹์ด ํ”„๋ผ์ดํŒฌ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ๋ถ™์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:21
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
12:22
So, most modern frying pans are non-stick; they have a special covering on them to stop
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ตœ์‹  ํ”„๋ผ์ดํŒฌ์€ ๋“ค๋Ÿฌ๋ถ™์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์Œ์‹์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ผ ๋ถ™๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง‰๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๋ฎ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:33
the food sticking.
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.
12:35
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
12:36
"Stop", that's a simple word, when you stop.
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"Stop"์€ ์ •์ง€ํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:39
But if you do something "non-stop" or the train...
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ "์งํ–‰"์ด๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋ฉด ...
12:44
The train is non-stop from London to Scotland, to Edinburgh, non-stop train - it means it
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๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์—์„œ ์Šค์ฝ”ํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ, ์—๋“ ๋ฒ„๋Ÿฌ
12:52
doesn't stop anywhere on the way from London to Edinburgh, which is a very long way.
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๊นŒ์ง€ ๋…ผ์Šคํ†ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋จผ ๊ธธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
I don't know if there is such a train that doesn't stop anywhere on the way, but you
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๋„์ค‘์— ์•„๋ฌด๋ฐ๋„ ์ •์ฐจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ
13:04
would say: "It's non-stop to somewhere", or: "We did...
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"์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€๊นŒ์ง€ ๋…ผ์Šคํ†ฑ์ด์•ผ" ๋˜๋Š” "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด...
13:09
We were working yesterday non-stop.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ์‰ฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค. .
13:14
From 9 in the morning until 9 in the evening, we worked non-stop.
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์•„์นจ 9์‹œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ €๋… 9์‹œ๊นŒ์ง€ ์‰ฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
We didn't stop for a break or anything", so that's "non-stop".
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์‰ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค"๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ '๋…ผ์Šคํ†ฑ'์ด๋‹ค.
13:25
Okay, good.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
13:28
Then we have some very short ones, which aren't used with many words.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์งง์€ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
Just an "a" can be a negative prefix.
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"a"๋งŒ ์Œ์ˆ˜ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:38
So, a "theist" is anyone who believes in a god of some kind; any god.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "์œ ์‹ ๋ก ์ž"๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์‹ ์„ ๋ฏฟ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ์‹ .
13:49
But an "atheist" is someone who doesn't believe in any gods at all; they just don't think
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ "๋ฌด์‹ ๋ก ์ž"๋Š” ์‹ ์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ฏฟ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:57
there is such a thing as...
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...
13:58
As God, or a god or gods.
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์‹ ์œผ๋กœ์„œ, ๋˜๋Š” ์‹  ๋˜๋Š” ์‹ ๋“ค.
14:02
So, that's an "atheist" who just doesn't have any religious belief at all.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „ํ˜€ ์ข…๊ต์  ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด ์—†๋Š” "๋ฌด์‹ ๋ก ์ž"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:09
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
14:10
And "typical".
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ".
14:11
If something's typical, it happens all the time.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:15
"Oh, what she did then was typical.
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"์•„, ๊ทธ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์€ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:18
She's always doing that."
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
14:19
You know, maybe throwing rubbish on the floor, in the street, which is a bad thing to do.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์œ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
But that's typical of her; throwing...
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜์ง€๊ธฐ...
14:31
Throwing papers and rubbish onto the pavement rather than taking it home and putting it
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์ข…์ด์™€ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐํ†ต์— ๋„ฃ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ํฌ์žฅ ๋„๋กœ์— ๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:37
in the bin when she gets home.
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.
14:39
"That's so typical of her."
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"๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ๋ชจ์Šต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
14:42
So, that's "typical" - something someone does regularly that you expect them to do.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ "์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ" ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
But if it's "atypical", that means it's not typical; so it's a bit unusual for that to
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด "๋น„์ •ํ˜•"์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด๋ก€์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:56
happen.
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.
14:57
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
14:58
So, if she amazingly one day keeps her rubbish and takes it home, and puts it in the in bin
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ์–ด๋Š ๋‚  ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ง‘์— ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐ€ ๋„๋กœ์— ๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ํœด์ง€ํ†ต์— ๋„ฃ๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ
15:06
instead of throwing it on the pavement, then you could say: "That's atypical of her.
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
15:12
She usually throws it in the street."
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.
15:15
So, okay.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
15:18
Then: "ab", "ab" goes with a small number; not many of words.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ "ab", "ab"๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์ˆซ์ž์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง์ด ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
So, "normal".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "์ •์ƒ".
15:26
I'm sure you know the word "normal", whatever "normal" means, but "normal".
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"์ •์ƒ"์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  "์ •์ƒ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ "์ •์ƒ"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
Whatever your definition of "normal" is.
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"์ •์ƒ"์˜ ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ ๊ฐ„์—.
15:35
So, if something is "abnormal", it's the opposite of normal.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ "๋น„์ •์ƒ"์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์ •์ƒ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:41
If...
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๋งŒ์•ฝ...
15:42
If you think I'm normal, for example...
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ •์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด...
15:44
I don't know if you do, but if you think I'm normal, then that...
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿด์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ •์ƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฑด...
15:50
Okay, thank you.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
But if you think I'm "abnormal", you may think I'm a bit strange, so you would call me "abnormal".
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ "๋น„์ •์ƒ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ "๋น„์ •์ƒ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
"Oh, she's an abnormal tutor", something like that.
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"์•„, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€์ •๊ต์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค", ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ.
16:02
So, it's a sort of slightly personal opinion word, whether something is abnormal or not,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋น„์ •์ƒ์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€๊ฐ€
16:09
but whether it happens a lot.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋งŽ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š”์ง€ ์—ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์ธ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:11
It's a bit like "typical" and "atypical"; "normal", "abnormal".
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"์ผ๋ฐ˜" ๋ฐ "๋น„์ •ํ˜•"๊ณผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ •์ƒ", "๋น„์ •์ƒ".
16:18
It's what you're used to; what you expect from somebody.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ต์ˆ™ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
16:23
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
16:25
This is a...
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€...
16:26
I think, as far as I know, there's only one of these with "an" as the prefix, and it's
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๋กœ "an"์ด ๋ถ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋ฟ์ด๋ฉฐ
16:32
a rather scientific kind of term.
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๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ณผํ•™์ ์ธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์šฉ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
Maybe used in chemistry, that kind...
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ™”ํ•™, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜...
16:40
Biology, that sort of thing.
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์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:43
"Hydrous" just means something that contains water.
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"Hydrous"๋Š” ๋ฌผ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:48
Okay, from the Greek word for water.
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์ข‹์•„, ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ์Šค์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ.
16:52
But if something is "anhydrous", that just means it doesn't...
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด "๋ฌด์ˆ˜๋ฌผ"์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ... ๋ฌผ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
16:58
It contains no water; it has no water in it.
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. ๋ฌผ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
So it's something completely dry with no water at all, no moisture in it at all, no liquid.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌผ์ด ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๋ถ„๋„ ์ „ํ˜€ ์—†๊ณ  ์•ก์ฒด๋„ ์—†๋Š” ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๊ฑด์กฐํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:12
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
17:13
And then, finally, we have: "anti", which is a fairly obvious negative.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ "์•ˆํ‹ฐ"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ๋ช…๋ฐฑํ•œ ๋ถ€์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:20
"Anti" meaning to go against something.
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"Anti"๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:24
So, "biotic" is...
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, "๋ฐ”์ด์˜คํ‹ฑ"์€...
17:28
Well, this one, it's usually used with the negative: "antibiotic" because it's to do
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
17:35
with medicine and pills that you take to fight an infection.
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.
17:42
If you have an infection, you take antibiotics because they fight the...
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๊ฐ์—ผ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณต์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:50
The bacteria that are causing the infection.
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๊ฐ์—ผ์„ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š” ๋ฐ•ํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•„์™€ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:53
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
17:54
So, "bio" is to do with the...
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๋ฐ”์ด์˜ค"๋Š”...
17:58
The body.
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๋ชธ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:59
The human body.
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์ธ์ฒด.
18:01
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
18:02
So, to fight infection: "antibiotic".
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ์—ผ๊ณผ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋ ค๋ฉด "ํ•ญ์ƒ์ œ"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
18:07
"Clockwise", this is quite a useful one.
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"์‹œ๊ณ„ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ", ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:11
If...
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๋งŒ์ผ...
18:12
If you do something in a clockwise direction, the direction that the hands of the clock
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‹œ๊ณ„ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์‹œ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ”๋Š˜์ด
18:19
go...
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๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์€...
18:20
They go around in that direction: "clockwise" from here to...
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
18:27
Around to there.
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.
18:28
But if it's the other way around, if it's around this way, that's "anticlockwise".
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ผ๋ฉด ์ด์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ๋ฉด "์‹œ๊ณ„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:34
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
18:35
And then, finally: "social".
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ "์‚ฌํšŒ์ "์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:41
If someone is social, they're friendly, they like chatting to people.
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์‚ฌ๊ต์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์นœ๊ทผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ˆ˜๋‹ค ๋–จ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:48
But if someone is "antisocial", they tend to stay on their own, they don't seem to like
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ "๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํšŒ์ "์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ˜ผ์ž ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ ,
18:56
talking very much or getting to know people, having conversations.
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๋ง์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ์•Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:59
They're antisocial.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌํšŒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
19:01
And then, finally, just a few little words to show that not every word beginning with
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ์ด ๋ฌธ์ž๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€
19:10
these letters is necessarily negative.
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ž‘์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:13
There are words that just happen to begin with those letters.
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๊ทธ ๊ธ€์ž๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:19
I'm sure you know most of these.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค ์ค‘ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:21
So: "under" just means under something; it's not a negative.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "under"๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ค๊ฑฐํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:26
If you "discuss" something, you just talk about it; there's no negative there.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ "ํ† ๋ก "ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋„ค๊ฑฐํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:32
"Display" - if you put things out on a table to show someone... or in an exhibition, in
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"๋””์Šคํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด" - ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ…Œ์ด๋ธ” โ€‹โ€‹์œ„์— ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ค๋†“๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ... ๋˜๋Š” ์ „์‹œํšŒ,
19:38
an art gallery, there is a display to look at.
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๋ฏธ์ˆ ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋””์Šคํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:42
That's not really a negative.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:45
"Able".
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"ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”".
19:46
We've got "ab" here, but "able" is not a negative; it just means you're able to do something,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "ab"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ "able"์€ ์Œ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:53
you can do something.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:56
And "an", "angry" just means angry; feeling mad, annoyed by something.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "an", "angry"๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ํ™”๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๊ณ , ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์งœ์ฆ์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค.
20:05
It's not necessarily...
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
20:06
Well, it's not a very pleasant emotion; it's a bit negative, I suppose.
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์œ ์พŒํ•œ ๊ฐ์ •์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
20:12
But this isn't a negative prefix on the front; it just happens to begin with those two letters.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ž์— ๋ถ™๋Š” ๋ถ€์ • ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‘ ๊ธ€์ž๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:20
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
20:21
So, I hope that's helped to help you expand your vocabulary, and understand how negative
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
20:32
prefixes work.
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. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ช…๊ณผ
20:33
Do have a look at the other lesson with the other five.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค .
20:37
And also, if you'd like to go to the website, www.engvid.com and do the quiz, and if you'd
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋˜ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด www.engvid.com ํ™ˆํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ๊ฐ€์…”์„œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋„ ํ’€๊ณ , ๋” ๋ณด๊ณ 
20:45
like to subscribe to my channel if you'd like to see more...
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์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ œ ์ฑ„๋„ ๊ตฌ๋…๋„ ํ•˜์‹œ๊ณ  ... ์ œ
20:50
See more of me - that would be great.
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๋” ๋ณด๊ธฐ - ์ข‹์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:54
And see you again soon.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งŒ๋‚˜์š”.
20:55
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
20:56
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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