Basic English: How to pronounce negative contractions

Hello. I'm Gill at engVid. And today, we have a lesson on contractions. And you

Hola. Soy Gill en engVid. Y hoy, tenemos una lección sobre las contracciones. Y es

may already have seen a previous lesson I've done on contractions with the

posible que ya hayas visto una lección anterior que hice sobre las contracciones con el

personal pronoun and the verb, with an apostrophe. This is a second one in that

pronombre personal y el verbo, con un apóstrofe. Este es el segundo de esa

series, with negative contractions. Okay. So, you might find it useful to

serie, con contracciones negativas. Bueno. Por lo tanto, puede que le resulte útil

look at the other one first, before you look at this one. But don't worry, if

mirar el otro primero, antes de mirar este. Pero no te preocupes, si

you want to watch this one first, then that's fine. Okay. So, these are

quieres ver este primero , está bien. Bueno. Entonces, estas son

contractions, and how to write them, and how to pronounce them — just like in the

contracciones, y cómo escribirlas y cómo pronunciarlas, al igual que en la

other lesson. And it's particular verbs that are used with these. So, the verb

otra lección. Y son verbos particulares que se usan con estos. Entonces, el verbo

"to be", with: "is" and "are", including the past tense: "was" and "were"; and

"to be", con: "is" y "are", incluyendo el tiempo pasado: "was" y "were"; y

the future: "will", which changes its spelling to "w-o", rather than "w-i" —

el futuro: "will", que cambia su ortografía a "w-o", en lugar de "w-i";

we'll come to that again in a minute. The verb "to have": "has", "have", and

volveremos a eso en un minuto. El verbo "to have": "has", "have", y

the past form: "had". And the verb "do": "do", "does"; "did" in the past. Okay.

el pasado: "had". Y el verbo "hacer": "hacer", "does"; "hizo" en el pasado. Bueno.

And we also have some conditional ones as well, and a non-standard one, so I'll

Y también tenemos algunos condicionales y uno no estándar, así que

explain those when we get to them. So, this is the main list here. And because

los explicaré cuando lleguemos a ellos. Entonces, esta es la lista principal aquí. Y debido a

it's a negative contraction, we're using the word: "not" — "n-o-t" — "not". But

que es una contracción negativa, estamos usando la palabra: "not" — "n-o-t" — "not". Pero

because it's a contraction, that gets the "o" omitted; the "o" is missing, and

debido a que es una contracción, se omite la "o"; falta la "o", y

the apostrophe is there, instead, to represent the missing "o". So, instead

el apóstrofe está allí, en cambio, para representar la "o" que falta. Entonces, en lugar

of saying: "is not", we just say: "isn't", "isn't". Okay. So, I've noticed

de decir: "no es", simplemente decimos: "no es", "no es". Bueno. Entonces, he notado que

some people, when they're reading from printed material and they see these

algunas personas, cuando están leyendo material impreso y ven estas

contractions, they expand them, and they read it: "it is not", "are not", "was

contracciones, las expanden y lo leen: "no es", "no son", "

not", but you shouldn't do that if it's written as a contraction. There's a

no era", pero tú no debería hacer eso si está escrito como una contracción. Hay una

particular way to pronounce it in its contracted form; abbreviated form.

forma particular de pronunciarlo en su forma contraída; forma abreviada.

Because these mostly represent how people speak; and when people are

Porque estos representan principalmente cómo habla la gente; y cuando la gente

speaking, they make things shorter for convenience, because it's shorter and

habla, acortan las cosas por conveniencia, porque es más corto y

quicker when you're speaking, and it's more informal as well. So, people don't

rápido cuando hablas, y también es más informal. Entonces, la gente no

go around saying: "is not", "are not", "were not" when they're having a

anda diciendo: "no es", "no son", "no eran" cuando tienen una

conversation; they use these abbreviated forms. Okay?

conversación; utilizan estas formas abreviadas. ¿Bueno?

So, I'll just go through them so that you get an idea of how to pronounce

Entonces, los revisaré para que tengas una idea de cómo

them. So, "isn't", "aren't"... so, this is a funny one; you might think it's:

pronunciarlos. Entonces, "no es", "no son"... entonces, esta es divertida; podría pensar que es:

"aren't", "aren't", but it's just: "aren't". It's a bit, like... well, it

"no son", "no son", pero es simplemente: "no son". Es un poco como... bueno,

sounds the same as that word — which is a family member — "aunt" and "uncle". It

suena igual que esa palabra, que es un miembro de la familia, "tía" y "tío".

sounds exactly the same as "aunt", so that's a way of remembering how to

Suena exactamente igual que "tía", así que es una forma de recordar cómo se

pronounce it. So, "aren't". "Wasn't", "weren't", "won't", "hasn't", "haven't",

pronuncia. Entonces, "no son". "no fue", "no fue", "no será", "no tiene", "no tiene",

"hadn't", "don't", "doesn't", "didn't". Okay? So, that... it's... with most of

"no tenía", "no", "no", "no 't". ¿Bueno? Entonces, eso... es... con la mayoría de

them, it's quite obvious what it is because you just remember that the...

ellos, es bastante obvio lo que es porque solo recuerda que el...

the apostrophe is for the missing "o": "is not", "are not", "was not", "were

el apóstrofe es para la "o" que falta: "no es", "no son", "was not", "were

not", but this one... this is a bit strange because it means "will not", but

not", pero este... esto es un poco raro porque significa "will not",

it's a strange thing that when it's contracted, the "i" in "will" becomes an

pero es raro que cuando se contrae, la "i" en "will" se convierte en

"o, so that's very strange. But I guess it's partly because it's difficult to

" o, eso es muy extraño. Pero supongo que es en parte porque es difícil

say: "willn't", "willn't" — it's... doesn't sound right at all, so it...

decir: "willn't", "willn't" — es... no suena bien en absoluto, así que...

"will not" contracts to "won't", "won't". Okay? And then: "hasn't",

"will not" " se contrae a "won't", "won't". ¿Vale? Y luego: "hasn't",

"haven't", "hadn't", "don't", "doesn't", "didn't" — they're all obvious what...

"haven't", "hadn't", "don't", "doesn't", "no": todos son obvios qué...

what they are; just put the "o" in where the apostrophe is, and you'll know what

qué son; solo pon la "o" donde está el apóstrofe, y sabrás

it is. Okay, good. And then these three, here, with: "would", "could", and

qué es. Está bien, bien. Y luego estos tres, aquí , con: "would", "could" y

"should". So, it's: "would not", "could not", "should not", but how it sounds

"should". Entonces, es: "would not", "could n't", "should not", pero cómo suena

when contracted is: "wouldn't", "couldn't", "shouldn't". Okay? And then,

cuando se contrae es: "wouldn't", " no podía", "no debería". ¿De acuerdo? Y luego,

finally... we've covered this in another lesson about the Cockney accent; if

finalmente... hemos cubierto esto en otra lección sobre el e acento cockney; si aún

you've not seen that one yet, you might like to have a look at it, but this is a

no lo ha visto, le gustaría echarle un vistazo, pero esta es una

non-standard form of a negative contraction: "ain't". It means... it

forma no estándar de una contracción negativa: "ain't". Quiere decir...

goes with the verb "to be"; it means: "am not", "is not", "are not". It can go

va con el verbo "to be"; significa: "no soy", "no es", "no son". Puede ir

with any pronoun: "I ain't", "you ain't", "he ain't", "we ain't", "they

con cualquier pronombre: "Yo no soy", " tú no eres", "él no es", "nosotros no somos", "

ain't". It works with all the pronouns, meaning: "is not", "are not" — the verb

ellos no". Funciona con todos los pronombres, es decir: "no es", "no son" — el verbo

"to be". But you may hear people using it, but it's... it's a non-standard

"ser". Pero es posible que escuche a la gente usarlo, pero es... es un formulario no estándar

form, so I wouldn't use it if you're at an interview, for example, or in a

, por lo que no lo usaría si está en una entrevista, por ejemplo, o en una

meeting with clients — that sort of thing. It wouldn't be quite right; it's

reunión con clientes, ese tipo de cosas. No sería del todo correcto; es

a bit too informal, but it's there for you to know about because it's yet

un poco demasiado informal, pero está ahí para que lo sepas porque es

another contraction. Okay. So, I hope that's helpful to show you how... how to

otra contracción más. Bueno. Entonces, espero que sea útil para mostrarte cómo... cómo

write them; how to pronounce them. And if you'd like to do a quiz to test your

escribirlos; cómo pronunciarlos. Y si desea realizar una prueba para evaluar sus

knowledge, just go to www.engvid.com, and do the quiz. See how you get on. So,

conocimientos, simplemente vaya a www.engvid.com y realice la prueba. A ver cómo te va. Entonces,

thank you for watching; and hope to see you again soon. Okay. Bye for now.

gracias por mirar; y espero volver a verte pronto. Bueno. Adiós por ahora.