Parts of Speech: Verbs, Adjectives, Conjunctions - English Grammar (2/3)

47,979 views ใƒป 2018-04-07

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:05
Hi everyone. It's Jennifer. Are you ready to continue our review of the parts of speech in English?
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์•ผ. ์˜์–ด ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ ๋ณต์Šต์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
00:12
Be sure to subscribe to my channel and follow me on social media
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์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด์—์„œ ์ €๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
00:16
so I can easily share more English lessons and more practice tasks with you in the future.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…๊ณผ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ์Šต ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:24
There are 9 parts of speech that I'd like to cover. Do you remember how I decided to break this lesson down?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์—ฐ์„ค์˜ 9 ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ถ„ํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:32
In Part 1, we talked about nouns, pronouns, and determiners.
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1๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ, ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ, ํ•œ์ •์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
In Part 2, we'll talk about verbs, adjectives, and conjunctions.
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2๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ, ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
In Part 3. we'll look at adverbs, prepositions, and interjections.
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3๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ, ๊ฐํƒ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
I'm excited to look at more grammar with you, so let's get started on Part 2.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ํฅ๋ถ„๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒŒํŠธ 2๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:07
Do you remember where my family went last summer?
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์ง€๋‚œ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ”๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:29
We know that nouns and pronouns help us talk about people and things
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์™€ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:36
Determiners allow us to be more specific.
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.
01:41
But we can't build sentences with only a subject. Every sentence must have a verb. can
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:49
Can you identify the subject and verb in each sentence?
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๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:09
Verbs can express an action or a state.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
So we have action and non-action verbs.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ–‰๋™ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋น„ํ–‰๋™ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
You may hear the term "stative verb" for verbs that refer to a state.
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์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด "์ƒํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ"๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:25
Let's stick with action and non-action verbs.
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ํ–‰๋™ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋น„ ํ–‰๋™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ ์ˆ˜ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:31
Can you tell the difference between the two? Which verbs are action verbs?
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๋‘˜์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:39
Was is a form of BE. It's a non-action verb. It refers to a state.
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Was๋Š” BE์˜ ํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š”
02:48
It's important to understand and recognize the difference because you don't normally use
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์ธ์‹ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:54
non-action verbs in progressive verb forms.
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.
03:00
In terms of syntax and statement word order, a verb follows a subject: subject + verb.
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๊ตฌ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ์–ด์ˆœ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์ฃผ์–ด + ๋™์‚ฌ.
03:19
Verbs have different endings that agree with the subject. This is called subject-verb agreement.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด-๋™์‚ฌ ์ผ์น˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
When verbs follow a predictable pattern, we call them regular verbs.
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๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ๋•Œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
For example, I fly, you fly, she flies.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
Or I rent, you rent, she rents.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž„๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ž„๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž„๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:46
When verbs don't follow this predictable pattern, we call them irregular verbs. For example, I am, you are, she is.
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๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์˜ˆ์ธก ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์€, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”.
03:56
My children helped me cover some of the irregular verbs in English.
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๋‚ด ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„์™€์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
You can see those lessons in the Kid to Kid English series. I'll put the link in the video description.
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Kid to Kid English ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ์—์„œ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์ƒ ์„ค๋ช…๋ž€์— ๋งํฌ ๊ฑธ์–ด๋‘˜๊ฒŒ์š”.
04:09
Action verbs break down further into two groups depending on whether they take an object or not.
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๋™์ž‘ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š๋ƒ ์ทจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š๋ƒ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‘ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋‚˜๋‰ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
Transitive verbs require an object. For example:
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ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ:
04:23
rent a car
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ ŒํŠธ
04:25
visit national parks
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๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ณต์› ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ
04:30
Intransitive verbs don't require an object. For example: fly.
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์ž๋™์‚ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ: ๋น„ํ–‰.
04:38
Some verbs have transitive and intransitive meanings.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ์ž๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
When it comes to transitive verbs,
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ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
05:02
something you have to be careful about is the kind of object a verb can take.
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์ฃผ์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
Some verbs are only followed by an infinitive.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋งŒ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
That's a two-part verb form with TO + the base verb: to fly, to rent, to visit.
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TO + ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ to fly, torent, to visit์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๋œ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
Some verbs are only followed by a gerund. That's the -ing form:
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์ผ๋ถ€ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋งŒ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด -ing ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
05:29
driving, flying, visiting.
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driving, flying, visit.
05:35
I have an older lesson on transitive verbs that can be followed by either an infinitive or a gerund.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํƒ€๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
But your choice changes the meaning. I'll put that link in the video description.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์„ ํƒ์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•ด๋‹น ๋งํฌ๋Š” ์˜์ƒ ์„ค๋ช…๋ž€์— ๋„ฃ์–ด๋‘๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
Gerunds are special because we formed them from verbs,
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํŠน๋ณ„
05:56
but once we put on that -ing ending, the word functions as a noun.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ -ing ์–ด๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด๋ฉด ๊ทธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์—ญํ• ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
so a gerund can be a subject, an object, or a complement.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด, ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋ณด์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:09
What's a complement? Well, let's go back to non-action verbs for a moment.
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๋ณด์™„์ฑ…์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ž, ์ž ์‹œ ๋™์•ˆ ๋™์ž‘ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:17
You'll hear teachers talk about linking verbs. These are verbs that link the subject to a complement.
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๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋™์‚ฌ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ณด์–ด์— ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
We became excited.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฅ๋ถ„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
We felt tired after the long drive to Wyoming. The road trip seemed endless.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์™€์ด์˜ค๋ฐ์œผ๋กœ์˜ ๊ธด ์šด์ „ ํ›„์— ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰์€ ๋์ด ์—†์–ด ๋ณด์˜€๋‹ค.
06:39
Devil's Tower is a national monument.
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์•…๋งˆ์˜ ํƒ‘์€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋…๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
Subject complements are often adjectives or nouns. They define the subject or complete its meaning.
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์ฃผ์–ด ๋ณด์™„์–ด๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
Linking verbs include...
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์—ฐ๊ฒฐ ๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
07:11
Here's another group of verbs: auxiliary verbs, but I prefer the shorter term - helping verbs.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋” ์งง์€ ์šฉ์–ด์ธ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํ˜ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
We use helping verbs to form questions and make negative sentences in simple tenses.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
Notice in those examples how the helping verb changes form to agree with the subject
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ฐ˜์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
08:10
and reflect the time period. But the main verb remains a base verb. It doesn't change.
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋‚จ์•„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
We can also use helping verbs for emphasis.
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๊ฐ•์กฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
I know you aren't going to South Dakota or Wyoming any time soon, but if you ever do decide to go,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฐ์Šค ๋‹ค์ฝ”ํƒ€๋‚˜ ์™€์ด์˜ค๋ฐ์— ๊ณง ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:30
I'll give you some good tips
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ข‹์€ ํŒ์„ ์ค„
08:35
Perhaps we can look more in detail at this use of helping verbs in a future video.
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๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. .
08:43
In progressive verb forms, we use the helping verb BE.
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์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ BE๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
Progressive verb forms use BE + the present participle. That's the -ing form.
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์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” BE + ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. -ing ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
In perfect verb forms, we use the helping verb HAVE.
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์™„๋ฃŒ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ HAVE๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:13
Have you ever heard of the wind cave national park?
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๋ฐ”๋žŒ ๋™๊ตด ๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๊ณต์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:18
I've taken my children to visit a few different caves?
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์•„์ด๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™๊ตด์„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:26
Perfect verb forms use HAVE + a past participle.
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์™„๋ฃŒ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋Š” HAVE + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
That's the -ed form of a regular verb or the third form of an irregular verb,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ -ed ํ˜•ํƒœ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:37
Such as: eat, ate, eaten. I've eaten.
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋จน์—ˆ๋‹ค.
09:41
I'd eaten.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋จน์—ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
To review all verb tenses in English, check out my playlist on this topic. I'll include the link in the video description.
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์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ์žฌ์ƒ ๋ชฉ๋ก์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋™์˜์ƒ ์„ค๋ช…์— ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
Let's talk about a very important group of helping verbs: modal verbs.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ธ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:01
Modal verbs like will help us talk about future events or actions
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ like๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ฑด์ด๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
Modal's like WOULD and COULD help us form conditional sentences.
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ์˜ like WOULD ๋ฐ COULD๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
Modal verbs do not change form to agree with the subject and number.
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ์ˆ˜์— ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:23
The same form of a modal verb is used for all subjects:
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋™์ผํ•œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฃผ์–ด์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
10:29
I must, you must, he must.
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I must, you must, he must.
10:34
Modal verbs will have to be a whole other series of lessons because there are many uses.
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ์šฉ๋„๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ จ์˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
You want me to cover modal verbs, please like this video
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์…”์„œ
10:45
so I know that you like grammar and you value my grammar lessons.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์†Œ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์‹ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
A quick overview of modal verbs is that they combined with a main verb to express different ideas.
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๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ„๋žตํ•œ ๊ฐœ์š”๋Š” ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ณธ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:58
For example:
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์˜ˆ:
11:00
necessity
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ํ•„์š”
11:05
certainty
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ํ™•์‹ค์„ฑ
11:12
and ability.
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๊ณผ ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ.
11:18
With modal verbs we can give advice,
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ถฉ๊ณ ,
11:24
give permission or a warning,
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ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ๊ณ ,
11:30
make guesses or express possibilities,
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์ถ”์ธก ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ํ‘œํ˜„
11:37
and more.
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๋“ฑ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:41
Check out the video description for a link to a lesson I have on modal verbs and past possibilities.
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์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜ ๋งํฌ๋Š” ๋™์˜์ƒ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:50
A final way to categorize verbs is to talk about active and passive verbs.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ์™€ ์ˆ˜๋™๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
This is a broad topic, but basically active verbs focus on the doer of the action,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ,
12:04
the one who performs the action.
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๋™์ž‘์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
Passive verbs shift the focus to the receiver of the action.
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์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์ˆ˜์‹ ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ์˜ฎ๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:16
Active verbs have an object.
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ํ™œ์„ฑ ๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:26
Passive verbs take that object and make it the subject of the sentence.
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์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
We usually form the passive with the helping verb BE and then the past participle.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ BE์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
This is our main verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:48
The past participle is the -ed form of a regular verb or the third form of an irregular verb,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ -ed ํ˜•ํƒœ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:56
like eat, ate, eaten.
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.
13:00
It's possible to form the passive with other helping verbs like GET. GET can sound more formal
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GET๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. GET์€ ์ข€ ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
Or GET in the passive can express the start of some state.
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๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์˜ GET์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ƒํƒœ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:25
A special group of passive verbs are the verbs we use to form the stative passive.
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์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ƒํƒœ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:32
The stative passive use is similar in structure, but the meaning doesn't imply that an action was received.
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์ƒํƒœ ์ˆ˜๋™ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น„์Šทํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์ด ์ˆ˜์‹ ๋˜์—ˆ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
We use the state of passive to express a state in detail.
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์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ž์„ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:00
So we still have the helping verb BE and a past participle,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ BE์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ 
14:05
But no one performed an action. We're talking about states in these stative passive examples.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ทจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ •์  ์ˆ˜๋™ ์˜ˆ์ œ์—์„œ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:12
We're talking about location and composition.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์™€ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:17
If you'd like more practice with the stative passive, I'll include the link to that lesson in the video description.
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์ƒํƒœ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋” ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ๋™์˜์ƒ ์„ค๋ช…์— ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ฐ•์˜ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:43
I mentioned in Part 1 that some words can belong to more than one word class.
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Part 1์—์„œ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋‘˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ถ€๋ฅ˜์— ์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
That's true of some verbs and adjectives.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ํ•ด๋‹น๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:56
Consider the word "injured."
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"๋ถ€์ƒ"์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:00
You can't always tell by looking at a word what part of speech it is.
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ์˜ ์–ด๋–ค ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ์ง€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:06
You need to know what meaning or meanings the word has.
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๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ ๋˜๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:13
How many ways can the word function in a sentence?
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๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:20
On the one hand, I can say no one got injured.
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ํ•œํŽธ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋‹ค์น˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:25
"Got injured" is my verb. It's a passive verb.
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"๋‹ค์ณค๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋‚ด ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:30
On the other hand, I can talk about an injured hiker.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๋“ฑ์‚ฐ๊ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:36
Then I'm using "injured" as an adjective.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ "๋ถ€์ƒ"์„ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:42
I can easily tell that in "injured hiker"... "injured" is an adjective because adjectives often come before nouns.
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"๋ถ€์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ๋“ฑ์‚ฐ๊ฐ"์—์„œ... ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข…์ข… ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— "๋ถ€์ƒ"์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
When adjectives come before nouns they become part of the noun phrase.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ค๋ฉด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:58
That bit of knowledge will help you form sentences correctly, so let's talk more in detail about adjectives.
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๊ทธ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ง€์‹์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
17:08
Adjectives describe nouns or pronouns. They answer the question: What kind? Or perhaps, which one?
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์‹ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
17:17
If you remember what adjectives do and what questions they answer, you'll be able to tell the difference between
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ๊ณผ ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
17:25
participles used as adjectives and
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์™€
17:28
participles used as verbs.
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๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:33
Do you see the difference? Take a look.
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์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ตฌ๊ฒฝํ•˜๋‹ค.
17:55
In these examples, I'm using participles as adjectives.
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์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:01
Some people call them participial adjectives. We can call them -ed and -ing adjectives.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. -ed ๋ฐ -ing ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:10
We formed these words from verbs, but they behave as adjectives.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ํ–‰๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:17
The -ed adjectives have a passive meaning, and they generally focus on people's feelings or states.
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-ed ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ์ƒํƒœ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:26
How do you feel? Tired, bored, surprised.
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๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์–ด๋•Œ? ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ณ  ๋†€๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:32
The -ing adjectives have an active meaning and generally focus on the impact or effect
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-ing ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋™์  ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
18:40
something or someone can have.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์ด๋‚˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถฅ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:44
What's it like? Amazing, interesting, boring, exciting.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฌด์—‡์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ? ๋†€๋ž๊ณ , ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ณ , ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๊ณ , ํฅ๋ฏธ ์ง„์ง„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:53
Participial adjectives, like any adjectives, can have different positions in a sentence. Let's talk more about this.
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๋ถ„์‚ฌ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
19:03
I said that adjectives often come before nouns.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:07
When they do, we call them attributive adjectives. Here are some examples.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๋•Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์†์„ฑ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
19:25
Some adjectives like BIG and LONG are commonly used before nouns.
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BIG ๋ฐ LONG๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ๋ถ€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:30
Other nouns tend to follow verbs, so we use them as subject complements after linking verbs.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•œ ํ›„ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋ณด์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:51
These adjectives are called predicative adjectives. They're not part of the subject. They're part of the predicate.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ ์–ด ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ์ œ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ ์–ด์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:00
Adjectives can help us make comparisons. That's when we use comparative and superlative adjectives.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰๊ณผ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:10
Comparative adjectives are used for comparing two things or two people.
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๋น„๊ต ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:32
Superlative adjectives allow us to name one person or thing that is above or below all others in some way.
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์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์‹์œผ๋กœ๋“  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ์œ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋ž˜์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:51
Comparative and superlative adjectives are usually formed from qualitative adjectives -
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๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
20:58
adjectives that describe a quality. For that reason, they're also called descriptive adjectives.
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ํ’ˆ์งˆ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ ์งˆ์  ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช… ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:07
We usually don't have comparative and superlative forms of classifying adjectives.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ„๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„๊ต๊ธ‰ ๋ฐ ์ตœ์ƒ๊ธ‰ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:15
For example, "a national park." We don't talk about one park being more national than another.
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์˜ˆ: "๊ตญ๋ฆฝ ๊ณต์›". ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ณต์›์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต์›๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:21
It's just a type of park a national park.
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๊ตญ๋ฆฝ๊ณต์›์˜ ํ•œ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:26
Maybe one park is more interesting than another, but certainly not more or less national.
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ํ•œ ๊ณต์›์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต์›๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šธ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ๋‹ค์†Œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ ์ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:34
With more than one quality, we need to know the order of adjectives. We usually follow this pattern:
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ํ’ˆ์งˆ์ด ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์Œ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:56
Some sources may recommend a slightly different pattern, but there won't be too much variation from the pattern I just showed you.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์†Œ์Šค๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŒจํ„ด์„ ๊ถŒ์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ํŒจํ„ด๊ณผ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:06
Most everyone would agree with the word order in the following phrases:
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ตฌ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–ด์ˆœ์— ๋™์˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:40
We can also have a noun before another noun, as in "a family car."
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"a family car"์—์„œ์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์•ž์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:47
"Family" behaves like an adjective describing "car."
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"๊ฐ€์กฑ"์€ "์ž๋™์ฐจ"๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:53
We call it a noun modifier and it goes last on our list.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์ˆ˜์‹์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋ฉฐ ๋ชฉ๋ก์—์„œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:03
We can use other combinations to form compound adjectives.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณตํ•ฉ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์กฐํ•ฉ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ์ด
23:09
They include: a noun + adjective
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ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ๋ช…์‚ฌ + ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ
23:15
adjective + noun
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+ ๋ช…์‚ฌ
23:20
noun + past participle
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๋ช…์‚ฌ + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ
23:26
noun + present participle
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๋ช…์‚ฌ + ํ˜„์žฌ๋ถ„์‚ฌ
23:32
number + noun
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+ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ
23:37
I'll place links to my lessons on adjectives, especially the lesson on the order of adjectives in the video description.
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, ํŠนํžˆ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ•์˜ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์น˜ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:47
Some put determiners in with adjectives, and while there's overlap with
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•œ์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
23:53
demonstrative adjectives and possessive adjectives, I think overall the role of determiners is a bit different.
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์ง€์‹œํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ์†Œ์œ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฒน์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•œ์ •์‚ฌ์˜ ์—ญํ• ์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
24:02
Determiners are less about qualities and
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๊ฒฐ์ •์ž๋Š” ํ’ˆ์งˆ ๋ฐ
24:05
classification and more about specifying what or who we're talking about.
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๋ถ„๋ฅ˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ ๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ์ง€์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:20
Let's move on to another part of speech: conjunctions.
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๋ง์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ธ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
25:27
Conjunctions are connecting words, words that join.
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์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด, ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:32
AND is the most common example.
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AND๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:35
AND belongs to a group known as
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AND๋Š” ๋“ฑ์œ„ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง„ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์— ์†ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
25:39
coordinating conjunctions.
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.
25:42
Without going into too much detail about sentence types,
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๋ฌธ์žฅ ์œ ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
25:46
I'll tell you that coordinating conjunctions allow us to join
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๋“ฑ์œ„ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
25:51
two complete ideas together and form a compound sentence.
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ณตํ•ฉ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:57
Coordinating conjunctions are often memorized with the help of an acronym: FANBOYS.
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๋“ฑ์œ„ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์•ฝ์–ด FANBOYS์˜ ๋„์›€์œผ๋กœ ์•”๊ธฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:16
For example:
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์˜ˆ:
26:24
For now, let's not look at whole sentences let's look at shorter examples.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ๋” ์งง์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:55
Correlative conjunctions work in pairs.
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์ƒ๊ด€ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋Š” ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ˆ์˜
27:17
If you've watched my lesson on types of clauses, you'll recall another kind of conjunction:
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์œ ํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ์ธ
27:23
subordinating conjunctions.
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์ข…์† ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:28
These words allow us to form complex sentences where one idea is dependent on another.
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ์˜์กดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณต์žกํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:36
You can watch that lesson to review and understand the use of subordinating conjunctions like IF, BECAUSE, and WHEN.
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IF, BECAUSE ๋ฐ WHEN๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ข…์† ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•ด๋‹น ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:12
Subordinating conjunctions help form adverb clauses.
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์ข…์† ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:16
You'll have a better understanding of adverb clauses if we first talk about adverbs. That's what we'll do in Part 3.
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๋จผ์ € ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํŒŒํŠธ 3์—์„œ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:21
We'll end here for now, but I'll see you again soon for the final part of our lesson on the parts of speech in English.
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋๋‚ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์˜์–ด ํ’ˆ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:30
Please remember to like this video. As always, thanks for watching and happy studies!
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์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
29:38
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์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜์–ด์˜ ํ›„์›์ž๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
29:42
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ํŠน๋ณ„ ๋ฐฐ์ง€, ๋ณด๋„ˆ์Šค ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฌผ, ์˜จ์Šคํฌ๋ฆฐ ํฌ๋ ˆ๋”ง ๋ฐ ์›”๊ฐ„ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:48
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์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
29:52
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ ํ›„์›์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:58
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์ €์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ์Šคํฐ์„œ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งค์šฐ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ง์„ ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฆผ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:09
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๋งค์ฃผ ํŠน๋ณ„ ๊ฒŒ์‹œ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด YouTube ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ํƒญ์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
30:15
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์•„์ง ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ YouTube์— ์—…๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ƒˆ ๋™์˜์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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