Inversion with Negative Adverbs - English Grammar with Jennifer

27,889 views ใƒป 2021-05-06

English with Jennifer


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi everyone. I'm Jennifer fromย  English with Jennifer. In this lesson,ย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ์ €๋Š” Jennifer ์™€ English์—์„œ ์˜จ Jennifer์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ๋Š”
00:06
we're going to talk about inversion. Doย  you know what it means to invert something?ย ย 
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๋ฐ˜์ „์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ง‘๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:12
I'll give you a hint. What did I doย  with the hourglass? I inverted it.
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ํžŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ๋ž˜์‹œ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋’ค์ง‘์—ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
When you invert the hourglass, theย  sand pours down into the bottom part.ย ย 
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๋ชจ๋ž˜์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ง‘์œผ๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋ž˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ž˜์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์Ÿ์•„์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
How about this photo? Can you see it properly?ย ย 
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์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์€ ์–ด๋•Œ? ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:36
Probably not. Let me invert it. I'll rotate itย  and put it right side up. Now can you see it?
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์•„๋งˆ ์•„๋‹ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ˜์ „ํ•˜์ž. ํšŒ์ „ํ•ด์„œ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์ด ์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”. ์ด์ œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:47
In grammar, if we invert two parts of aย  sentence, we reverse their positions. Youย ย 
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ๋’ค์ง‘์œผ๋ฉด ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋€๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€
00:53
already know how to do this. We invert theย  subject and verb when we form questions.ย ย 
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์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋’ค๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
Have you ever seen such clear blue water?
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง‘๊ณ  ํ‘ธ๋ฅธ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
01:05
Yes, I have. I've seenย  beautiful water in the Bahamas.
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๋„ค, ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐ”ํ•˜๋งˆ์—์„œ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์ • ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
01:14
We can also invert the subjectย  and verb in sentences that useย ย 
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์น˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:18
negative adverbs. We do this when theย  negative adverb is in the initial position.ย ย 
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. ๋ถ€์ • ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฒ˜์Œ ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
That means it starts the sentence. Weย  don't usually do this in spoken English.ย ย 
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์ฆ‰, ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ํ˜•์‹์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ด๊ธฐ
01:30
It's more typical of written English because it'sย  a more formal structure, so you can expect to seeย ย 
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฌธ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
01:37
inversion with negative adverbs more inย  academic writing and literary writing.
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ํ•™์ˆ  ์ž‘๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ•™ ์ž‘๋ฌธ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ • ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
Let's practice together. Look at thisย  sentence. First, identify the negative adverb.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ฒซ์งธ, ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
"Never." Right? We'll move it to the beginning ofย  the sentence. Next, we'll switch...we'll invertย ย 
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"์ ˆ๋Œ€." ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
02:09
the subject and verb. Only the first part ofย  the verb. We'll use the helping verb first.
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์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜์ „์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ถ€๋ถ„๋งŒ ๋จผ์ € ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
So, what's the new sentence? Never haveย  I seen such clear, beautiful water.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง‘๊ณ  ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋ฌผ์€ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Try this one. Start with a negativeย  adverb. Invert the subject and verb.ย ย 
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์ด๊ฑฐ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ํ•ด๋ด. ๋ถ€์ • ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋„์น˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
02:42
Is there a helping verb? It'sย  a modal verb. Put that first.
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๋•๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ๋„ฃ์–ด.
02:48
Then the subject.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ์ œ.
02:52
And what's our new sentence?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:56
Hardly could I believe thatย  such beauty existed underground.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€์ด ์ง€ํ•˜์— ์กด์žฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:06
Okay. Next one.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋‹ค์Œ.
03:12
What are we going to start with?
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๋ฌด์—‡๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
03:16
"Seldom." There's no helping verb here,ย ย 
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"๋“œ๋ฌผ๊ฒŒ." ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
03:21
so we'll need to get one. If we change thisย  into a question, what helping verb would we use?
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์™€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๋„์›€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
03:29
"Do." That's what we need. verb + subject
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"ํ•˜๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‚ฌ + ์ฃผ์ œ
03:39
And what's the new sentence? Seldom do people haveย  the time to appreciate nature in our busy world.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ฐ”์œ ์„ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ž์—ฐ์„ ๊ฐ์ƒํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
Try this one. It's similar to the last one.
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์ด๊ฑฐ ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ํ•ด๋ด. ์ง€๋‚œ๋ฒˆ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šทํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
Rarely do I have the chance to unplug and enjoyย  complete solitude. Here's your next challenge.
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ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ฝ‘๊ณ  ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๊ณ ๋…์„ ์ฆ๊ธธ ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ณผ์ œ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
Let me give you a hint. "Not any" changes to "no."
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ํžŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์—†์Œ"์ด "์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค"๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:32
Do you think you have it? Under no circumstancesย  should you touch fragile stalactites in a cave.
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๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์–ด๋– ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ๋™๊ตด์—์„œ ๊นจ์ง€๊ธฐ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ข…์œ ์„์„ ๋งŒ์ ธ์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
Here's the last sentence and your final challenge.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฌธ์žฅ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋„์ „์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
Before I give you the answer, I'll explainย  that with conditional sentences that useย ย 
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๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์ „์—
05:00
"only if" or "only when," we use inversionย  in the main clause not the if-clause.
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'๋งŒ์•ฝ' ๋˜๋Š” '๋งŒ์•ฝ'์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ if์ ˆ์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ์ฃผ์ ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜์ „์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:12
I see two possible variations. Only if theย  guide tells you it is safe can you take photosย ย 
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋ณ€ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ์ด ํˆฌ์–ด์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:19
on this tour. Only when the guy tells youย  it is safe can you take photos on this tour.
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. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋งŒ ์ด ํˆฌ์–ด์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
That's all for now. Please like the videoย  if you found it useful and interesting.ย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์œ ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์› ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
05:38
As always, thanks for watching and happy studies!
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๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ๊ฑฐ์šด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!
05:44
Hey everyone! Click JOIN to become a YouTubeย  member. Then turn on notifications. Underย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…• ๋ชจ๋‘๋“ค! YouTube ํšŒ์›์ด ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์ž…์„ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ์ผญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
settings you can choose when and howย  to be notified. Under your preferences,ย ย 
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์„ค์ •์—์„œ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์‹œ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ™˜๊ฒฝ ์„ค์ •์—์„œ ๊ตฌ๋…์—์„œ
05:55
find English with Jennifer in yourย  subscriptions. Make sure the bell is on.ย ย 
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์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์™€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์œผ์„ธ์š” . ๋ฒจ์ด ์ผœ์ ธ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:03
Choose "all." If you're a YouTube member,ย  visit my community tab regularly. I postย ย 
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"๋ชจ๋‘"๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. YouTube ํšŒ์›์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋‚ด ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ ํƒญ์„ ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:10
member-only tasks twice a weekย  on Mondays and Wednesdays.
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๋งค์ฃผ ์›”์š”์ผ๊ณผ ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ์— ํšŒ์› ์ „์šฉ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
Follow me on Facebook, Twitter, andย  Instagram. Why not join me on Patreon?ย ย 
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Facebook, Twitter, Instagram์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํŒ”๋กœ์šฐํ•˜์„ธ์š” . Patreon์—์„œ ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:21
And don't forget to subscribe on YouTube.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ ๊ตฌ๋…๋„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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