Using English Prepositions - Lesson 4: At and To - Part 2 (collocations)

39,423 views ใƒป 2015-05-26

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:13
There are certain combinations or collocations
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00:16
with the prepositions AT and TO.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ AT ๋ฐ TO์™€ ํŠน์ • ์กฐํ•ฉ ๋˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
They're very useful to know.
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์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:22
There are collocations with nouns, verbs, and adjectives.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ, ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋„๋‚˜ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๋•Œ
00:27
Remember to use TO
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TO๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”
00:29
when you want to express direction
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00:32
with intention or expectation.
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.
00:35
You expect that something will be received.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:57
Other verbs have the same basic meaning as GIVE.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” GIVE์™€ ๋™์ผํ•œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
And a verb with a similar meaning is PRESENT.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” PRESENT์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
For example, we present an idea to someone.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
Similar in meaning is SUGGEST.
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ SUGGEST๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
When you suggest something to someone,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•  ๋•Œ,
01:57
you're basically telling them what you think they should do.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
relate a story (more formal for "tell a story")
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related a story ("tell a story"์˜ ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„)
02:21
Note that with the verbs GIVE, SHOW, and TELL
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GIVE, SHOW, TELL ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
02:25
we can change the word order.
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์–ด์ˆœ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
If we don't need to emphasize who or what the receive is,
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์ˆ˜์‹ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
02:32
we can take out the preposition "to"
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ "to"๋ฅผ ๋นผ์„œ
02:35
and move the object of the preposition
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋ฅผ
02:38
to an earlier position.
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์ด์ „ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:41
So, instead of "give the phone to me"
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ค˜"๋Œ€์‹ 
02:45
- "give me the phone."
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"์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ค˜".
02:47
"show a picture to you" - "show you a picture"
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"show a picture to you" - "show you a picture"
02:52
"tell a story to you" - "tell you a story"
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"tell a story to you" - "tell you a story"
03:14
If you think carefully,
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์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด๋ฉด
03:15
you'll see all those verbs express showing, or giving, or telling.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ, ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ๋˜๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
So you're giving kindness to someone, for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์นœ์ ˆ์„ ๋ฒ ํ‘ธ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
Or showing them sweetness.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹จ๋ง›์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
Let's look at more collocations.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฐ์—ด์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
- Collocations with the preposition AT.
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- ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ AT์™€ ์—ฐ์–ด.
03:51
We use this preposition
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
03:52
to express the direction of our feelings.
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๊ฐ์ •์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
We could see this as the cause of our feelings.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ์ •์˜ ์›์ธ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
For example, what caused you to be mad?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ํ™”๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:03
I'm mad at you.
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
04:04
But I also think it's helpful
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ
04:06
to view this preposition
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์ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
04:08
as one that helps us express the direction of our feelings.
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๊ฐ์ •์˜ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
Where are you directing your anger?
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๋ถ„๋…ธ๋ฅผ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:16
I'm mad at her.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”.
04:19
Beyond feelings, we can use AT to talk about skills.
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๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด AT๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
I'm good at something. I'm bad at something.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ž˜ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์„œํˆด๋‹ค. ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋ฉด์„œ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ–ฅํ•ด
04:27
You can think of it as directing your efforts
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๋…ธ๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์—๋„ˆ์ง€๋ฅผ ์Ÿ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:31
and your energies toward a goal,
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04:33
hoping that something good will result.
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.
04:58
When we feel things, we also take action.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋Š๋‚„ ๋•Œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
We're directing our feelings toward an object
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ์ •์„ ๋Œ€์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ–ฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:11
when we do these actions.
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.
05:13
Compare those collocations to these.
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๊ทธ ๋ฐฐ์—ด์„ ์ด๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋น„๊ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:23
When we talk to someone,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
05:24
there's this expectation that our words will be received.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ง์ด ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์—ฌ์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
That's our intention.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:40
Let's also make note of the pronunciation changes.
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๋ฐœ์Œ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋„ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
05:44
In slow, careful speech
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๋Š๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
05:46
we can pronounce prepositions with their full vowel sounds.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:53
But in everyday conversation,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ
05:55
we usually speak faster and with relaxed pronunciation.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
"Give this to me."
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"์ด๊ฑฐ ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”."
06:16
"Look at me."
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"๋‚  ๋ด."
06:20
So in everyday conversation,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ
06:22
the prepositions are unstressed.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ•์„ธ๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:24
They're reduced to have a very relaxed vowel sound.
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๋งค์šฐ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ์ถ•์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
Let's try an exercise
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06:33
to practice some of those collocations
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06:36
with nouns, verbs, and adjectives.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ, ๋™์‚ฌ, ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์—ฐ์–ด๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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