Using English Prepositions - Lesson 9: Concise Sentences - Part 2

15,326 views ・ 2015-12-17

English with Jennifer


Please double-click on the English subtitles below to play the video.

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I love to drink apple cider during the winter holidays.
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But which of these two glasses would be easier to pick up?
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The one on the left. Don't you agree?
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Why?
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Because the other one is too full.
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There's just too much, so it's not easy to handle.
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Here's something else I love about the December holidays.
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Candy canes!
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I like to put them on the tree.
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Now which picture shows a better decorating job?
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I hope you agree. It's this one on the right.
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Do you know why?
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Because less is more -
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whether we're talking about candy canes on a tree
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or prepositions in a sentence,
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sometimes you can have too much of something.
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Understanding how prepositions work in a sentence
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helps you build clear, concise sentences.
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"Concise" means using few words.
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The idea is not to use words you don't really need.
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Otherwise, it becomes confusing for your listener or your reader.
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Here are three tips on being concise.
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Look at this example.
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Could we change this adjective clause
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to a prepositional phrase?
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Sure. Let's use IN.
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How about this sentence?
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If we remove these two words,
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What one preposition can we use?
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With.
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Here's the second tip.
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Let's consider phrases with OF.
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OF can show possession.
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So "the role of the host" could be "the host's role."
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How about this one?
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What would you do to shorten this?
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Let's remove a number of words
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and just use the gerund "kissing."
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Now we can make "New Year's Eve" a modifier.
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It can describe tradition, so...
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Some prepositional phrases of time can be shortened.
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For example:
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We made "New Year's Eve" a modifier.
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"At the present time" can be replaced with single words.
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And instead of "at all times"
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we can simply say "always."
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When possible, use noun modifiers and avoid prepositional phrases.
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Single word adverbs are also a good alternative
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to longer prepositional phrases.
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For example:
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Third tip.
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Too much of anything is no good, so...
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Having two together is okay.
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Three may be possible,
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but that's already getting wordy.
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So try to avoid using too many prepositions,
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and in general use words that are clear and necessary.
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Look at these examples.
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That's not too bad, but there are alternatives.
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You could say:
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First of all, we have three uses of IN.
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Then we have OF two times
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as well as ON.
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Having two or more of the same preposition
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in a sentence can really sound wordy.
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How would you rewrite this snetence to make it more concise?
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Here are two suggestions.
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Let's try an exercise.
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I'll show you a wordy sentence.
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You think of a way to make it more concise.
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In this exercise, I'll show you five sentences.
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Again, you need to rewrite each one to make it more concise.
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(More than one answer is possible.)
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(Tip: Use a more active verb than BE.)
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My suggestion:
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Instead we could say:
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How about this?
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(Tip: Use "email" as an active verb.)
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We might shorten that to:
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(Tip: Make an adjective for food "without nuts.")
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A more concise sentence would be:
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That's all for now. Thanks for watching.
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Enjoy the holidays and all the celebrations.
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Happy studies!
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