Donald Trump Blasts Electric Vehicles ๐Ÿ‡บ๐Ÿ‡ฒ Learn English with the News

41,294 views ใƒป 2023-10-04

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Today you're going to improveย  your fluency in English byย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€
00:03
reading and listening to English at the same time.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ์ฝ๊ณ  ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์˜์–ด ์œ ์ฐฝ์„ฑ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
We're going to read a news article together,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์„ ์˜ˆ์ •์ธ๋ฐ,
00:10
and this is the best method thatย  you can use to become fluent fast.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:15
Welcome back to JForrest
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:16
English, I'm Jennifer.
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. ์ €๋Š” Jennifer์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:18
Now, let's get started.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
First, I'll read the headlineย  Trump BLASTS Electric Vehiclesย ย 
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๋จผ์ €
00:23
in Michigan a day after Biden's picket line visit.
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Biden์˜ ํ”ผ์ผ“ ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚  ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ Trump BLASTS Electric Vehicles๋ผ๋Š” ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์„ ์ฝ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
Now, before we begin this lesson,ย  I'll let you know that I reviewedย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ณธ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ์ด์ „์— ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์˜ ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„
00:31
a separate article about Biden's visit toย  Michigan, which came before Trump's visit.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ณ„๋„์˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ–ˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:38
And I explain a lot of vocabulary that you'llย  see in this lesson, such as picket line.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”ผ์ผ“๋ผ์ธ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋งŽ์€ ์–ดํœ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
I don't want to explain that again,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์„œ ์„ค๋ช…๊ณผ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋ž€์— ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์˜
00:46
so I left the link to Biden's visit to Michiganย  in the description and the comments section.
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๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:53
So you're welcome to pause this video and watchย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ผ์‹œ ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ 
00:57
Biden's visit first so youย  can learn this vocabulary.
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Biden์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์„ ๋จผ์ € ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
Now with that, let's review some otherย  vocabulary in this headline here, such as blasts.
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์ด์ œ ํญ๋ฐœ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
Here, blast is a verb and youย  blast someone or something.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ blast๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ blastํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:14
In this case, he's blasting something.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํญํŒŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:18
Electric vehicles.
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์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ.
01:20
And this is when you criticizeย  and you criticize severely.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋•Œ๋Š” ๋น„ํŒํ•˜๊ณ , ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋น„ํŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
So a lot of criticism.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋น„ํŒ์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
Trump blasts electric vehicles in Michigan.
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ฃผ์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํญํŒŒํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
01:31
He criticizes severelyย  electric vehicles in Michigan.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ฃผ์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋น„ํŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:37
Now the opposite of BLAST is commend.
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์ด์ œ BLAST์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์€ ์นญ์ฐฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
When you commend something, itย  means you praise it, you support it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์นญ์ฐฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์นญ์ฐฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง€์ง€ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:47
So I hope you commend thisย  video and you don't blast it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์นญ์ฐฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์š•ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:52
Of course, I don't want you to criticizeย  this video, so you can put in the comments.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ˆ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ์•„์ฃผ์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
I know we just started, butย  you can put in the comments.
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์ด์ œ ๋ง‰ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์„ ๋‹ฌ์•„์ฃผ์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
I commend this video.
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
Hopefully you feel that way.
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๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋Š๋ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
But if you want to blast it,ย  that is your right to do so.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํญํŒŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
I just hope you don't.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
And I hope you commend this video.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์นญ์ฐฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธธ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
I commend this video.
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์„ ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
Put that in the comments.
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๊ทธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
02:15
All right, so Trump blastsย  electric vehicles in Michigan.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ฃผ์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํญํŒŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
If you're not aware, in Michigan theyย  have a very large automobile industry.
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๋ชจ๋ฅด์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ
02:26
That's where most of the carsย  in North America are made.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:31
So that's why he blastsย  electric vehicles in Michigan.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํญํŒŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:35
And this is a day after Biden's picket line visit.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋‚ ์€ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์˜ ํ”ผ์ผ“๋ผ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์€ ์ง€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ๋’ค๋‹ค.
02:38
Of course, as I said, you canย  review this in my other lesson.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ ์ด ์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
Now don't worry about taking these notes becauseย  I summarized everything in a free lesson PDF.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ–ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
02:48
So you can look for the link in the description.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
Let's continue as his Republican rivals preparedย ย 
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๊ทธ์˜ ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž๋“ค์ด
02:56
to gather on stage in Californiaย  for their second primary debate.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋น„ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ๋ชจ์ผ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
Donald Trump was in Michigan.
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๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
OK, let's stop here and lookย  at the verb gather on stage.
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ on stage๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:10
When you gather, it meansย  individual people come together.
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๋ชจ์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ์ด ๋ชจ์ธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
So it's another way of saying meet.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
We gathered to discuss the report.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชจ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
We met to discuss the report.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:24
Now on stage is simply because this was duringย  a debate and the candidates who are debatingย ย 
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Now on stage๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํ† ๋ก  ์ค‘์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ํ† ๋ก  ์ค‘์ธ ํ›„๋ณด์ž๊ฐ€
03:31
are on a stage and then the audience is well inย  the audience watching the candidates on stage.
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๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ฒญ์ค‘์ด ๋ฌด๋Œ€ ์œ„์˜ ํ›„๋ณด์ž๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด๋Š” ์ฒญ์ค‘์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
So the candidates gathered on stageย  and the audience watched that.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ›„๋ณด์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ๋ชจ์˜€๊ณ  ์ฒญ์ค‘์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
Let's continue with the sentence.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
03:46
Donald Trump was in Michigan on Wednesdayย  night working to win over blue collar voters.
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๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ ๋ฐค ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๋ธ”๋ฃจ์นผ๋ผ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:53
So let's review that.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
Win over is a phrasal verb,ย  and you win someone over.
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Win over๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ด๊น๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
When you win someone over, you simply youย  get their support or you get their approval.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ง€์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์Šน์ธ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
So if you go to a job interview orย  you're trying to get a new client,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ทจ์—… ๋ฉด์ ‘์— ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ ํ™•๋ณดํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
04:10
you want to win that person over.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
You want to convince them toย  offer you the job or work for you.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
So you might say, I hope thisย  proposal will win over the client,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด ์ œ์•ˆ์ด ๊ณ ๊ฐ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก๊ณ ,
04:22
will get the client to support you,ย  approve you, and then therefore hire you.
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๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹  ์„ ์Šน์ธํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ณ ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:28
Now in this case, Donald Trump isย  trying to win over blue collar voters.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ๋ธ”๋ฃจ์นผ๋ผ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์–ป์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
Have you heard this adjective before, blue collar?
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๋ธ”๋ฃจ ์นผ๋ผ๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:37
And then what's the opposite of blue collar?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ธ”๋ฃจ์นผ๋ผ์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ง์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
04:39
There's blue collar and there's white collar.
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๋ธ”๋ฃจ ์นผ๋ผ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ™”์ดํŠธ ์นผ๋ผ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:43
It relates to the type ofย  work that these people do.
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์ด๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—… ์œ ํ˜•๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
So blue collar workers, generally the work theyย  do requires physical strength and physical skill.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž‘์—…์—๋Š” ์ฒด๋ ฅ๊ณผ ์‹ ์ฒด์  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
Like an auto, an auto worker, aย  plumber, a Carpenter, a builder.
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์ž๋™์ฐจ, ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ž‘์—…์ž, ๋ฐฐ๊ด€๊ณต, ๋ชฉ์ˆ˜, ๊ฑด์ถ•์—…์ž์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
Those would be considered blue collarย  workers, a white collar worker.
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์ด๋“ค์€ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž, ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์ง ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:06
The work they do more requires their mentalย  skill, not necessarily their physical strength.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์œก์ฒด์ ์ธ ํž˜์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ •์‹ ์  ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
And so those are generallyย  people who work in offices.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
So Donald Trump is trying to win over blueย  collar voters by lambasting President Joe Biden.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ธ”๋ฃจ์นผ๋ผ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์–ป์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
Lambasting.
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๋žจ๋ณด์ŠคํŒ….
05:27
Now first I'll note that there are two alternativeย  pronunciations, best or best, basting or basting.
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์ด์ œ ๋จผ์ € ์ตœ๊ณ  ๋˜๋Š” ์ตœ๊ณ , ๊ฐ€๋ด‰ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ด‰์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฐœ์Œ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‘๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
The one I use, bastingย  lambasting, is the more common.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€๋ด‰, ๋žจ๋ฐฐ์ŠคํŒ…์ด ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
But you may also hear in American pronunciationย  basting, lambasting, lambasting, lambasting.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ธ basting,lambasting,lambasting,lambasting์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
I recommend lambasting because it is more common.
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๋žจ๋ฐ”์ŠคํŒ…์ด ๋” ํ”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ถ”์ฒœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
Now what does this mean byย  lambasting President Joe Biden?
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์ด์ œ ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:58
Again, it's another way ofย  saying criticize by criticizing.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ๋น„ํŒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋น„ํŒ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:04
And remember, what else did we learn by blasting?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํญํŒŒ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ์กฐ
06:09
President Joe Biden.
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๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น.
06:10
So criticizing.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋น„ํŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:13
Notice here it's an ING.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ING์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:15
And that's because we need to conjugate our verb.
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๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ™œ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
We have a preposition.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:19
So we need the ING by criticizing, by blasting.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น„ํŒํ•˜๊ณ  ํญํŒŒํ•˜๋Š” ING๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
06:23
I'll just add that so you rememberย  the other word we learn blasting.
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๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ blasting์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
I will note though, blasting is aย  lot more common than lamb basting.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ธ”๋ž˜์ŠคํŒ…์€ ์–‘๊ณ ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€๋ด‰๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
And also notice blast.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํญ๋ฐœ๋„ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:36
So there's an L in blast, butย  here is not lamb blasting.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํญ๋ฐœ์—๋Š” L์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์–‘๊ณ ๊ธฐ ํญ๋ฐœ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
No, it's lamb basting.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ์–‘๊ณ ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€๋ด‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:45
Basting.
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06:45
So remember blast but lamb basting.
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๊ฐ€๋ด‰.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํญ๋ฐœ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๊ณ  ์–‘๊ณ ๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€๋ด‰์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
06:49
OK, by lamb basting President Joeย  Biden and his push for electric cars.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ๊ณผ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ถ”์ง„๋ ฅ์œผ๋กœ์š”.
06:56
So his push for something.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ง„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:00
When you push for something, youย  demand that something repeatedly.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:07
So President Joe Biden and his push forย  electric cars, that could mean that he'sย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๊ณผ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ถ”์ง„์€
07:13
demanding that us as the drivers driveย  electric cars over gas powered cars.
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์šด์ „์ž๋กœ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ณด๋‹ค ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์šด์ „ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
So he's pushing for electric carsย  to be widely used in in public life.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๊ณต ์ƒํ™œ์—์„œ ๋„๋ฆฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
He's pushing for electric cars so you can demandย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜์—ฌ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž๊ฐ€ ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜
07:29
it and you demand it repeatedly or youย  simply try to make something happen.
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์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:35
So if Joe Biden is pushing for electric cars,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์ด ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:39
maybe he introduced a policy and he is tryingย  to get everyone to support that policy as well.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ •์ฑ…์„ ๋„์ž…ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๊ทธ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:46
And the policy is that where theย  general public we're required toย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •์ฑ…์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋Œ€์ค‘์ด
07:50
drive electric cars as an example,ย  the workers pushed for higher wages.
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์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์šด์ „ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์€ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ž„๊ธˆ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:57
So again, they could just repeatedlyย  ask or demand higher wages.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ž„๊ธˆ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์š”๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
We want higher wages.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ž„๊ธˆ์„ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:03
We want higher wages or theyย  really try to make that happen.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ž„๊ธˆ์„ ์›ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
So President Joe Biden and his push for electricย  cars in the midst of an auto workers strike.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋…ธ๋™์ž ํŒŒ์—… ์ค‘์—๋„ ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ
08:13
So again, this auto workers strike, that'sย  covered in the other lesson that I preparedย ย 
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๋ฒˆ, ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋…ธ๋™์ž ํŒŒ์—…์€ ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์˜ ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ค€๋น„ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•์˜์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:18
on Joe Biden's visit to Michigan,ย  So you can learn more about that.
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. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
The link is in the description.
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๋งํฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
Now in the midst of that's if this is theย  start and the end of the auto workers straight.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ์™€์ค‘์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋…ธ๋™์ž์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘์ด์ž ๋์ด ์•„๋‹๊นŒ.
08:31
The midst of is in the middleย  or somewhere in progress of.
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์ค‘๊ฐ„์€ ์ค‘๊ฐ„ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€์—์„œ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:37
So it's not at the beginning it's not at the end.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ๋๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
It's in the midst of.
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์ค‘์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
You can also say, you could say duringย  simply push for electric cars Oh sorry,ย ย 
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๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ push for electric cars Oh Sorry,
08:49
the in belongs to the expression.
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in์€ ํ‘œํ˜„์— ์†ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:52
So it's in the midst of something.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์˜ ํ•œ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
Now all of that can be replaced with during pushย  for electric cars, during an auto workers strike.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ถ”์ง„ ์ค‘, ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋…ธ๋™์ž ํŒŒ์—… ์ค‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:02
Or you could even say amid, whichย  is slightly more formal than during.
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๋˜๋Š” while๋ณด๋‹ค ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋” ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ mid๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
But as you can see, it's a lot shorter.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณด์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ๊ธธ์ด๊ฐ€ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์งง์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
It only takes 4 letters instead ofย  four individual words to say theย ย 
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09:16
exact same thing during an auto workers strike.
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋…ธ๋™์ž ํŒŒ์—… ์ค‘์— ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ๋‹จ์–ด 4๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฌธ์ž 4๊ฐœ๋งŒ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
Amid an auto workers strike.
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์ด ํŒŒ์—…์„ ๋ฒŒ์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ.
09:22
Are you enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
09:25
If you are, then I want to tell youย  about the Finally Fluent Academy.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ Fluent Academy์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
This is my premium training program whereย  we study native English speakers from TV,ย ย 
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TV,
09:36
the movies, YouTube, and the news so youย  can improve your listening skills of fastย ย 
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์˜ํ™”, ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ, ๋‰ด์Šค ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
09:41
English, expand your vocabulary with naturalย  expressions, and learn advanced grammar easily.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ตํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋‹ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:48
Plus, you'll have me as your personal coach.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
You can look in the descriptionย  for the link to learn more,ย ย 
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์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๋ฉด ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
09:55
or you can go to my website andย  click on Finally Fluent Academy.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ Final Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
09:59
Now let's continue with our lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:02
The Republican frontrunners trip.
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๊ณตํ™”๋‹น ์„ ๋‘์ฃผ์ž ์—ฌํ–‰.
10:05
So the Republican frontrunner is Donald Trump.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น์˜ ์„ ๋‘ ์ฃผ์ž๋Š” ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
Now his trip comes a day after Biden, and I'llย  point out that a front runner is the personย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์€ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚  ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์ง€๋ฉฐ, ์„ ๋‘ ์ฃผ์ž๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ
10:18
who is currently leading something,ย  usually in terms of a competition.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ด๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ์ง€์ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:25
So imagine a race where all these people areย  running and they're competing in this race,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
10:31
and then there's one person who'sย  leading, one person who is faster.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„ ๋‘์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋” ๋น ๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
He is the front runner, but you can use this forย  any competition, not just in a race or athletic.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์„ ๋‘ ์ฃผ์ž์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๋‚˜ ์šด๋™ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์–ด๋–ค ๋Œ€ํšŒ์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
Because here we have a political competition.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์ •์น˜์  ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
In a job interview, there could be 5 candidates.
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๋ฉด์ ‘์—๋Š” 5๋ช…์˜ ์ง€์›์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:50
Of course there's going to be one, maybeย  even 2 frontrunners, 2 people or one person.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  1๋ช…, ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด 2๋ช…์˜ ์„ ๋‘ ์ฃผ์ž๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , 2๋ช… ๋˜๋Š” 1๋ช…์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
Who is the strongest out of that group?
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๊ทธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์—์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•ํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋ฉด์ ‘๊ด€์„ ์„ฑ๊ณต์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒจ์„œ
11:00
Who's more likely to get the job because they wereย  able to successfully win over the interviewer?
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์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋†’์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ?
11:08
I wrote that definition andย  here's an example sentence.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ผ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
We interviewed 5 applicantsย  and Tony is the front runner,ย ย 
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5๋ช…์˜ ์ง€์›์ž๋ฅผ ์ธํ„ฐ๋ทฐํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ Tony๊ฐ€ ์„ ๋‘ ์ฃผ์ž์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
11:16
so the one leading his portfolio wonย  us over because you win someone over.
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๊ทธ์˜ ํฌํŠธํด๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋ฅผ ์ด๋„๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋“ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ด๊ฒผ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
And this is in the past.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
Simple.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ.
11:26
His portfolio won us over theย  Republican frontrunners trip.
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๊ทธ์˜ ํฌํŠธํด๋ฆฌ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น ์„ ๋‘ ์ฃผ์ž๋“ค์˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ด๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
Again, that's Donald Trump'sย  trip comes a day after Bidenย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์—ฌํ–‰์€ Biden์ด
11:36
became the first sitting president in U.S.
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11:39
history to walk a picket line as heย  joined United Auto Workers in Detroit.
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๋””ํŠธ๋กœ์ดํŠธ์—์„œ United Auto Workers์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ํ”ผ์ผ“ ๋ผ์ธ์„ ๊ฑท๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํ˜„์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋œ ์ง€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ๋งŒ์— ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
Again, this is the topic of the other lessonย  I reviewed, so I'm not going to repeat that.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ณต์Šตํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•์˜์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
The link is in the description.
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๋งํฌ๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
The union is pushing for oh, we see this again.
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๋…ธ์กฐ๋Š” '์•„, ์ด๊ฑฐ ๋˜ ๋ณธ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ๋ฐ€์–ด๋ถ™์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
And that's exactly the sentence I gaveย  the workers pushed for higher wages.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž„๊ธˆ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ ์„ ๊ณ ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
And here it is.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
The union is pushing for higher wages.
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๋…ธ์กฐ๋Š” ์ž„๊ธˆ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
The only difference is I put mine in the past.
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์œ ์ผํ•œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์€ ๋‚ด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋‘์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
Simple.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ.
12:14
And here we have it in theย  present continuous becauseย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
12:20
they're in progress now isย  pushing for higher wages.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๋ฉฐ ์ž„๊ธˆ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
So they're demanding it and they're takingย  action to accomplish this shorter work weeksย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด๋ฅผ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์ถ•๋œ ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ 
12:31
and assurances from the country's top automakersย  that new electric vehicle jobs will be unionized.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋™์กฐํ•ฉ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์ฒด์˜ ํ™•์‹ ์„ ์–ป๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
OK, so there pushing for more than one thing.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:43
They're pushing for three things.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:46
Let's talk about assurances.
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๋ณด์ฆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
12:48
This is a noun and an assurance,ย  in this case plural assurances.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด์ž ๋ณด์ฆ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ณด์ฆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:53
And assurance is basically a promise.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณด์ฆ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ฝ์†์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:57
It's a firm commitment.
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ํ™•๊ณ ํ•œ ์•ฝ์†์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
You may know the verb form, which is assure.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:04
I assure you that I'll drive you to the airport.
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๊ณตํ•ญ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ์…”๋‹ค๋“œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•ฝ์†๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
So if I say this to you, you canย  feel relaxed because you know I'mย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„
13:14
going to take you to the airport because Iย  assured you, which is saying I promised you,ย ย 
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๊ณตํ•ญ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•ˆ์‹ฌํ•˜์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ
13:21
I gave you a firm commitment, I will do this now.
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ํ™•๊ณ ํ•œ ์•ฝ์†์„ ๋“œ๋ ธ์œผ๋‹ˆ, ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•˜๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•ฝ์†ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
This is the verb form which, to beย  honest, is more commonly used now.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:30
If you use it as the noun form assurance,ย  you give someone your assurance.
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๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜• ๋ณด์ฆ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์ฆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:38
So that's why her matches she she gave meย  I'm the someone, and it's her assurance.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์„ฑ๋ƒฅ์„ ์ค€ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ํ™•์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
The assurance, the commitment,ย  the promise belongs to her.
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ํ™•์‹ , ํ—Œ์‹ , ์•ฝ์†์€ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
She gave me her assurance.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ™•์‹ ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
Now the word promise functionsย  in exactly the same way.
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์ด์ œ ์•ฝ์†์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
Here it's a verb, and here it's a noun.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ , ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:03
And you can give someone your promise as well.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์•ฝ์†์„ ์ค„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:08
So that's assurances from theย  country's top automakers thatย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š”
14:12
new electric vehicle jobs will be unionized.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋™์กฐํ•ฉ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ตญ๋‚ด ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์ฒด์˜ ํ™•์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
So I assure you, the new electricย  vehicle jobs will be unionized.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋™์กฐํ•ฉ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์žฅ๋‹ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:22
That's what they want to hear.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
The dueling appearances.
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๊ฒฐํˆฌ ๋ชจ์Šต.
14:27
Dueling, let's talk about this here.
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๊ฒฐํˆฌ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์–˜๊ธฐํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
14:30
Dueling is an adjective andย  it describes the appearances.
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๊ฒฐํˆฌ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์™ธ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:34
Now the word dual is a competition or a fight,ย  and it's usually between two people, but in thisย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋“€์–ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ด๋‚˜ ์‹ธ์›€์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์‚ฌ์ด์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด
14:42
case is an adjective describing appearancesย  and appearance is when you appear in public.
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๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์™ธ๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ์ด๊ณ  ์™ธ๋ชจ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
So we have Donald Trump appearance,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต,
14:51
his appearance, and then weย  have Joe Biden's appearance.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์กฐ ๋ฐ” ์ด๋“ ์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:54
So when they both appear in public now,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋Œ€์ค‘ ์•ž์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๋•Œ,
14:59
those appearances, they're inย  competition with each other.
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๊ทธ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:03
They're fighting each other.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„œ๋กœ ์‹ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:06
So the dueling appearancesย  preview what will likely beย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฒฐํˆฌ ์ถœ์—ฐ์€
15:10
a chief dynamic of the 2024 general election.
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2024๋…„ ์ด์„ ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์—ญํ•™์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
So by describing this as a preview,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋ฉด,
15:18
it's saying that this is what weย  can expect in the 2024 election.
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2024๋…„ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
Just like a movie trailerย  is a preview of the movie,ย ย 
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์˜ํ™” ์˜ˆ๊ณ ํŽธ์ด ์˜ํ™”์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ๋ณด๊ธฐ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ
15:30
it tells you what you can expect in the movie.
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์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
So they're saying that these two appearances,ย  Joe Biden in Michigan, Donald Trump in Michigan.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ Joe Biden, ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ Donald Trump๋ผ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ถœ์—ฐ์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:42
This is what we can expectย  in the 2024 general election,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” 2024๋…„ ์ด์„ ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ธ๋ฐ ,
15:46
which increasingly looks like aย  rematch between Trump and Biden.
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์ด๋Š” ์ ์  ๋” ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์™€ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“ ์˜ ์žฌ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
It's a rematch, which meansย  they're matching again.
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์žฌ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ผ์น˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—
15:56
They're competing again because they alreadyย  competed against each other in the past.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:02
So it's a rematch.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์žฌ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
16:04
I wrote that definition.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ผ๋‹ค.
16:05
Now let's continue.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:07
Michigan is expected to again be aย  critical battleground state as bothย ย 
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๋‘
16:12
candidates try to paint themselvesย  as champions of the working class.
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ํ›„๋ณด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋…ธ๋™๊ณ„๊ธ‰์˜ ์ฑ”ํ”ผ์–ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ „์Ÿํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
Now generally the working class that includesย  both blue collar and white collar workers.
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์ด์ œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์ง ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๋Š” ๋…ธ๋™๊ณ„๊ธ‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:26
In this case the focus is more on blue collarย  workers because in Michigan the main industry isย ย 
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์‚ฐ์—…์€
16:32
the automotive industry and people work mainlyย  with their hands and their physical strength.
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์ž๋™์ฐจ ์‚ฐ์—…์ด๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ฃผ๋กœ ์†๊ณผ ์ฒด๋ ฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์— โ€‹โ€‹๋” ์ค‘์ ์„ ๋‘ก๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
So more so blue collarย  workers, a battleground state.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ธ”๋ฃจ์นผ๋ผ ๋…ธ๋™์ž, ์ „์Ÿํ„ฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋”์šฑ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:44
Well, it's in Michigan thatย  they're going to battle, of course,ย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ „ํˆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฒŒ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:48
metaphorically in the sense of they're goingย  to compete against each other politically.
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๋น„์œ ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์ •์น˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฒฝ์Ÿํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:53
They're going to debate, they'reย  going to appear in that state.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ† ๋ก ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ƒํƒœ๋กœ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
They're going to try to winย  over voters in Michigan.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์–ป์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:01
It's a battleground state.
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์ „์Ÿํ„ฐ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:04
Now if they try to paint themselves as,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
17:09
it's simply saying to describeย  themselves as or to appear as.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:16
So Donald Trump wants to paint himselfย  as a champion of the working class.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์„ ๋…ธ๋™๊ณ„๊ธ‰์˜ ์˜นํ˜ธ์ž๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:22
So he's working for them.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:24
He's there to support them and their needs.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ•„์š”๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:28
But Donald or but Joe Biden also wants to beย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋„๋„๋“œ๋‚˜ ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์—ญ์‹œ
17:33
known as to describe himself asย  a champion of the working class.
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์ž์‹ ์„ ๋…ธ๋™๊ณ„๊ธ‰์˜ ์˜นํ˜ธ์ž๋กœ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ง€๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:38
So they're trying to paint themselvesย  as describe themselves appear as let'sย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
17:44
continue Trump's decision to skip another debate.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ž์‹ ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:49
When you skip something like a meeting, a class,ย ย 
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ํšŒ์˜, ์ˆ˜์—…,
17:54
a party, an event, it means youย  don't do it, you don't do it.
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ํŒŒํ‹ฐ, ํ–‰์‚ฌ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ด๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:01
So he didn't go to the debate.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ† ๋ก ์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:03
If you skip class, it means you didn't go toย  class even though you had an obligation to do it.
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์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋นผ๋จน์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์˜๋ฌด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:11
So if you say, oh, I skipped the meeting at workย  today, it means you were invited to the meeting.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ํšŒ์˜์— ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํšŒ์˜์—
18:18
It was expected that you would attend theย  meeting, but you didn't attend the meeting.
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์ฐธ์„ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‚˜ ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:24
So I skipped the 9:00 meeting todayย  because I was very busy with other tasks.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ 9์‹œ ํšŒ์˜๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋กœ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ฐ”๋น ์„œ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:31
So I wrote that definition for skip.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:33
And here's an example.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:34
I skipped the 9:00 AM meeting today becauseย  I was busy trying to win over the client.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์˜ค์ „ 9์‹œ ํšŒ์˜๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ฐ์„ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋Š๋ผ ๋ฐ”๋น ์„œ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:41
So your boss won't be mad at you for skippingย  the meeting because you had a very good reason.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์•„์ฃผ ํƒ€๋‹นํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ด ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:48
So Trump's decision to skip another debateย  comes as he maintains A commanding lead.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์••๋„์ ์ธ ์„ ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:54
This isn't a way of saying a big lead,ย  a commanding lead in the GOP primary.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ GOP ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ํฐ ์„ ๋‘, ์ฆ‰ ์••๋„์ ์ธ ์„ ๋‘๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
Because remember, Trump is the front runner,ย ย 
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€
19:03
even as he faces four separate criminalย  indictments and as his campaign worksย ย 
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4๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ํ˜•์‚ฌ ๊ธฐ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๋‹นํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ์˜ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์ด
19:09
to pivot to the general election monthsย  before primary voting begins next year.
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๋‚ด๋…„ ์˜ˆ๋น„ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ธฐ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ์ „ ์ด์„ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ์—๋„ ์„ ๋‘ ์ฃผ์ž๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
19:16
Let's talk about pivot 2.
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ํ”ผ๋ด‡ 2์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
19:18
So pivot is a verb.
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ํ”ผ๋ฒ—์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:20
So if I'm right here and I pivot, Iย  turn or move in a different direction.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ํšŒ์ „ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›€์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:27
That's physically what you doย  with your body for the verb pivot.
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์ด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ํ”ผ๋ฒ—์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ชธ์œผ๋กœ ์‹ ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:32
So if you pivot your foot, you moveย  your foot in a different direction.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฐœ์„ ํšŒ์ „์‹œํ‚ค๋ฉด ๋ฐœ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:37
But we use this also to say that right now I'mย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ง์„ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ
19:41
working on this task and I'mย  going to pivot to this task.
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์ด ์ž‘์—…์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๊ณ  ์ด ์ž‘์—…์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:46
So it's you.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:48
You move in another direction, butย  in this case, it's your attention.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ์›€์ง์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์ค‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:52
It's what you're working on.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:54
So before he was involved inย  these criminal indictmentsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๊ธฐ์†Œ์— ์—ฐ๋ฃจ๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—๋Š”
19:59
that had all of his attention and focus.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ์ง‘์ค‘์ด ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:03
And now he's going to pivot.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:05
He's going to turn his attention to.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:07
The general election.
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์ด์„ .
20:09
So he's going to shift his focus,ย  Turn his attention to shift his focus.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ ค ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์„ธ์š”.
20:15
That's another useful expression.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:16
It means the same thing.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:18
I'll write that for you to shift his focus to theย  general election so you can use any one of these.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์ดˆ์ ์„ ์ด์„ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:27
Drake Enterprises makes automotiveย  and heavy duty truck components,ย ย 
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Drake Enterprises๋Š”
20:32
including gear shift levers for semi trucks,ย ย 
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์„ธ๋ฏธ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์–ด ๋ณ€์† ๋ ˆ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ์ œ์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
20:36
said it's president Nathan Stumpel who notedย  a shift to electric cars would cripple him.
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Nathan Stumpel ์‚ฌ์žฅ์€ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ด ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์žฅ์• ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ง€์ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:45
Okay.
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20:45
I'm not too sure how this relatesย  to what we were just talking about,ย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ๊ณผ ์–ด๋–ค
๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ,
20:51
but I think it's because of this part.
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์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:55
He noted a shift to electric cars.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
21:00
So in this case actually a shift wouldย  mean the same as a pivot because right nowย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ต๋Œ€๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ฒ—๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ
21:07
the general public we drive gas poweredย  cars and if we shift to electric cars,ย ย 
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์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋Œ€์ค‘์€ ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ์šด์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๋ฉด
21:15
we're going to pivot to electric cars,ย  we're now going to drive electric cars.
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์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ์šด์ „์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „๊ธฐ์ฐจ.
21:20
So you change from one to the other.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:22
So that's shift to you couldย  also say, pivot to electric cars.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:27
Now it would cripple him.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:30
It would cripple him.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:31
This is another way ofย  saying it would destroy him.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๋ฉธ์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:36
It would destroy, for example,ย  COVID crippled many businesses.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์—…์ฒด๋ฅผ ๋งˆ๋น„์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:42
COVID destroyed many businesses.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ์—…์ฒด๋ฅผ ํŒŒ๊ดดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:45
So this is a very usefulย  alternative in your vocabulary.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ดํœ˜์— ์žˆ์–ด์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:50
While Trump AIDS had said his audienceย  would include several 100 current andย ย 
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Trump AIDS๋Š” ์ฒญ์ค‘์— 100๋ช…์˜ ํ˜„์ง ๋ฐ
21:56
former UAW members, this was theย  union, the auto Workers Union.
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์ „์ง UAW ํšŒ์›์ด ํฌํ•จ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋…ธ๋™ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:02
And then this Drake Enterprisesย  would be probably part of the union.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด Drake Enterprises๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋…ธ์กฐ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:08
That's why they're talking about him.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:10
And remember Trump both Trump andย  Biden want to win over these workers.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์™€ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ด ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์„ ์ด๊ธฐ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
22:17
So they want these workers support.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์˜ ์ง€์›์„ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:22
Now here Trump aids, theseย  are aids is another word ofย ย 
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์ด์ œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ์ง€์›, ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ง€์› ์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด
22:28
assistance and it's specificallyย  used in politics a political aid.
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์ด๋ฉฐ ํŠนํžˆ ์ •์น˜์—์„œ ์ •์น˜์  ์ง€์›์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:33
They just used the word politicalย  aid instead of assistant.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ณด์กฐ์ž ๋Œ€์‹  ์ •์น˜์  ์ง€์›์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:38
Whereas assistant is most commonlyย  used in offices assistant.
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด์— ๋ณด์กฐ์ž๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ๋ณด์กฐ์ž์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:44
So while Trump assistance, Trumpย  AIDS had said his audience wouldย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Trump๊ฐ€ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ Trump ์—์ด์ฆˆ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฒญ์ค‘์—
22:49
include several 100 current and former UAWย  members as well as members of plumbers andย ย 
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100๋ช…์˜ ํ˜„์ง ๋ฐ ์ „์ง UAW ํšŒ์›๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€๊ณต ๋ฐ
22:55
pipefitters unions, These are againย  both examples of blue collar workers.
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๋ฐฐ๊ด€๊ณต ๋…ธ๋™์กฐํ•ฉ ํšŒ์›๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒ์‚ฐ์ง ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:01
The crowd also included many non unionย  workers who support the former president.
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๊ตฐ์ค‘์—๋Š” ์ „์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„๋…ธ์กฐ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ํฌํ•จ๋๋‹ค .
23:09
The former president of courseย  being Donald Trump because he'sย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ „ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์€ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
23:13
not the current president, he's a past president.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ˜„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์ „์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:17
So the former president, Iย  wrote that information for you.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ „์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๋‹˜, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•ด ๋“œ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:21
Now let's continue.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:22
Some said they had been invited byย  people who did business with Drake.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ์™€ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:28
Remember, Drake was the enterprise here who saidย ย 
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Drake๋Š”
23:33
they would be crippled if thereย  was a shift to electric cars.
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์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฌด๋ ฅํ•ด์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:38
And remember, Donald Trump isย  there to blast electric cars.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๊ฐ€ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํญํŒŒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
23:44
So by blasting electric cars,ย  by criticizing electric cars,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํญํŒŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋น„ํŒํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ
23:50
Donald Trump is trying to win them over.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:54
I wrote this example for you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:56
Donald Trump is trying to win these blueย  collar workers over by blasting electric cars.
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๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํญํŒŒํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ธ”๋ฃจ ์นผ๋ผ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋“ค์„ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:04
I'll read this again.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฝ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
24:06
Some said they had been invited byย  people who did business with Drake.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ์™€ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:10
Others said they had simply arrived at the factoryย  Wednesday afternoon and been allowed to attend.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ ์˜คํ›„์— ๊ณต์žฅ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฐธ์„์ด ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:17
And that's the end of the article.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:19
So what I'll do now is I'll go to the beginningย  and I'll read the article from start to finish.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:23
And this time you can focus on my pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
24:26
Let's do that now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
24:28
Trump blasts electric vehicles in Michiganย  a day after Biden's picket line visit as hisย ย 
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ์˜ ํ”ผ์ผ“ ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚  ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ๊ทธ์˜
24:35
Republican rivals prepared to gather on stageย  in California for their second primary debate.
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๊ณตํ™”๋‹น ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋น„ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„ ๋ฌด๋Œ€์— ๋ชจ์ผ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋ฅผ ํญํŒŒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:42
Donald Trump was in Michigan on Wednesday nightย ย 
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๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š” ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ ๋ฐค ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—์„œ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋…ธ๋™์ž ํŒŒ์—… ์ค‘์— ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๊ณผ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ถ”์ง„์„ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜์—ฌ
24:44
working to win over blue collar votersย  by lambasting President Joe Biden andย ย 
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๋ธ”๋ฃจ ์นผ๋ผ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์„ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:50
his push for electric cars in theย  midst of an auto workers strike.
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.
24:56
The Republican frontrunners trip comes a day afterย  Biden became the first sitting president in U.S.
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๊ณตํ™”๋‹น ์„ ๋‘ ์ฃผ์ž์˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์€ Biden์ด
25:02
history to walk a picket line as heย  joined United Auto Workers in Detroit.
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๋””ํŠธ๋กœ์ดํŠธ์—์„œ United Auto Workers์— ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ํ”ผ์ผ“ ๋ผ์ธ์„ ๊ฑท๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํ˜„์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋œ ์ง€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ๋งŒ์— ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ๋™
25:08
The union is pushing for higher wages,ย  shorter work weeks and assurances fromย ย 
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์กฐํ•ฉ์€ ์ž„๊ธˆ ์ธ์ƒ, ๊ทผ๋ฌด ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋‹จ์ถ•,
25:13
the company's top automakers that newย  electric vehicle jobs will be unionized.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ผ์ž๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋™์กฐํ•ฉ์— ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ์ œ์กฐ์—…์ฒด์˜ ๋ณด์žฅ์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:19
The dueling appearances preview what will likelyย  be a chief dynamic of the 2024 general election,ย ย 
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๊ฒฐํˆฌ ๋ชจ์Šต์€ 2024๋…„ ์ด์„ ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์—ญ๋™์„ฑ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ,
25:26
which increasingly looks like aย  rematch between Trump and Biden.
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์ด๋Š” ์ ์  ๋” ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์™€ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๊ฐ„์˜ ์žฌ๋Œ€๊ฒฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:31
Michigan is expected to again be aย  critical battleground state as bothย ย 
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๋‘
25:35
candidates try to paint themselvesย  as champions of the working class.
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ํ›„๋ณด ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋…ธ๋™๊ณ„๊ธ‰์˜ ์ฑ”ํ”ผ์–ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์ฒ˜ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฏธ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ „์Ÿํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:40
Trump's decision to skip another debate comes asย  he maintains A commanding lead in the GOP primary,ย ย 
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ† ๋ก ์„ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ๋›ฐ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„์˜ ๊ฒฐ์ •์€
25:48
even as he faces four separate criminalย  indictments, and as his campaign worksย ย 
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4๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋ณ„ ํ˜•์‚ฌ ๊ธฐ์†Œ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ–ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ณตํ™”๋‹น ์˜ˆ๋น„ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์••๋„์ ์ธ ์šฐ์œ„๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ์˜ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์ด
25:53
to pivot to the general election monthsย  before primary voting begins next year.
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๋‚ด๋…„ ์˜ˆ๋น„ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ธฐ ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ์ „ ์ด์„ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:00
Drake Enterprises makes automotiveย  and heavy duty truck components,ย ย 
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Drake Enterprises๋Š”
26:04
including gear shift levers for semi trucks,ย ย 
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์„ธ๋ฏธ ํŠธ๋Ÿญ์šฉ ๊ธฐ์–ด ๋ณ€์† ๋ ˆ๋ฒ„๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๋™์ฐจ ๋ฐ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ํŠธ๋Ÿญ ๋ถ€ํ’ˆ์„ ์ œ์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ 
26:07
said it's president Nathan Stumpel, who notedย  a shift to electric cars would cripple him.
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Nathan Stumpel ์‚ฌ์žฅ์€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ „๊ธฐ ์ž๋™์ฐจ๋กœ์˜ ์ „ํ™˜์ด ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์žฅ์• ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:14
While Trump aides had said his audienceย  would include several 100 current andย ย 
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ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋ณด์ขŒ๊ด€์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ฒญ์ค‘์—๋Š”
26:20
former UAW members, as well as membersย  of plumbers and pipefitters unions.
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๋ฐฐ๊ด€๊ณต ๋ฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ด€๊ณต ์กฐํ•ฉ์›๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ „์ง UAW ํšŒ์› 100๋ช…๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:25
The crowd also included many nonunionย  workers who support the former president.
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๊ตฐ์ค‘ ์†์—๋Š” ์ „์ง ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋น„๋…ธ์กฐ ๋…ธ๋™์ž๋„ ๋‹ค์ˆ˜ ํฌํ•จ๋๋‹ค .
26:32
Some said they had been invited byย  people who did business with Drake.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋“œ๋ ˆ์ดํฌ์™€ ๊ฑฐ๋ž˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:36
Others said they had simply arrived at the factoryย  Wednesday afternoon and been allowed to attend.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ˆ˜์š”์ผ ์˜คํ›„์— ๊ณต์žฅ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ฐธ์„์ด ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:43
Did you enjoy this lesson?
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ˆ˜์—…์„
26:45
Do you want me to make moreย  lessons just like this?
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๋” ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
26:48
If so, put Yes, Yes, Yes in the comments below.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
26:52
Put Yes, Yes, Yes and I know you wantย  more lessons and you can get this freeย ย 
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์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ, ์˜ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์›ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š”
26:58
speaking guide where I share 6 tips on howย  to speak English fluently and confidently.
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๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:03
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์—์„œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
27:07
And I recommend you watch this lesson right now.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ถŒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:11
I know you'll love it.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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