UNLOCK YOUR FLUENCY in 2 HOURS! Advanced English Reading Lesson

83,902 views ใƒป 2023-10-20

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Welcome to JForrest English training.
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JForrest ์˜์–ด ๊ต์œก์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:01
I'm Jennifer, and today you're goingย  to learn English through stories.
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์ €๋Š” Jennifer์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
We're going to review four different newsย  articles, and through this review you'reย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ด ๊ฒ€ํ† ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
00:12
going to learn a lot of advanced vocabulary,ย  advanced grammar, and even correct pronunciation.
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜, ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋Š”
00:20
Let's get.
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ํ•˜์ž.
00:26
Dinosaur footprint appears on the Yorkshire coast.
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์š”ํฌ์…” ํ•ด์•ˆ์— ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
All right, dinosaur footprint,ย  this is the footprint here.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ, ์ด๊ฒŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ด์—์š”.
00:36
Now this of course is my hand.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‚ด ์†์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
If I put my hand into sand, it willย  leave a print or mud or any type of.
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๋ชจ๋ž˜์— ์†์„ ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด ์ง€๋ฌธ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง„ํ™ ๋“ฑ์ด ๋‚จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Different surface sand, mud, clay.
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ํ‘œ๋ฉด์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋ž˜, ์ง„ํ™, ์ ํ† .
00:54
I can put my hand in and if I remove myย  hand, it will leave a print on the ground.
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์†์„ ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์†์„ ๋–ผ๋ฉด ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ์ง€๋ฌธ์ด ๋‚จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:59
And that is what they're talking about.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:01
But of course with your foot, not with your hands.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์†์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ๋ฐœ๋กœ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
01:03
I'm not going to show you my foot.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
That would be very awkward and weird.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์ƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
OK, record-breaking, dinosaurย  footprint, record-breaking.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๊นจ๋Š” ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:13
Let's talk about this because this isย  an adjective record-breaking means.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์  ์˜๋ฏธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
Either very new and or a big changeย  from other things of its type.
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๋งค์šฐ ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ™์€ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์—์„œ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
So of course they have found otherย  dinosaur footprints in the past,ย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ๋„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ์ ์ด
01:32
but this one is a very bigย  change because it is so large.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ฒˆ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์€ ํฌ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:38
They're showing you the size of it here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ ํฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
So that's why it's record-breaking.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:45
So you could say this year theย  amount of rain was record-breaking,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์˜ฌํ•ด ๋น„ ์˜ ์–‘์ด ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ๋„ค์š”.
01:54
so it was a big change fromย  rain in the past, so the amount.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋น„์— ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”์˜€์œผ๋‹ˆ ์–‘๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒ ์ฃ .
02:01
Was either really large or really.
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์ •๋ง ํฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ •๋ง ์ปธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
Small now sometimes you canย  describe a company change forย ย 
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์†Œ๊ทœ๋ชจ์—์„œ๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€
02:09
example as not record-breaking the new initiative.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ด๋‹ˆ์…”ํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋กํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
Is not record-breaking.
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๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๊นจ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
So this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฑฐ.
02:18
Is almost an insult because you're saying, well,ย  it's not record-breaking, it's not really new.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ' ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๊นจ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ชจ์š•์— ๊ฐ€๊น์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
It's not really a big change.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
It's very similar to what'sย  already been done in the past.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ด๋ฏธ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋œ ์ž‘์—…๊ณผ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
It's not record-breaking.
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๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๊นจ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
So notice here we're using as anย  adjective and I'm using my verbย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š”
02:37
to be to be record-breaking or in theย  negative to not be record-breaking.
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๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๊นจ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ธฐ๋ก์„ ๊นจ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
Let's continue on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:46
So this is the dinosaur footprint.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
The record-breaking dinosaur footprint.
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๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ.
02:52
A giant carnivorous dinosaur.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ์œก์‹๊ณต๋ฃก.
02:56
What is a carnivorous dinosaur?
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์œก์‹๊ณต๋ฃก์ด๋ž€?
02:58
Oh, do you know?
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์•„, ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„?
03:00
This is a good.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
Science word carnivorous is an adjective and itย ย 
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์œก์‹์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ณผํ•™ ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ
03:06
describes the eating habits of theย  dinosaur or other animals as well.
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๊ณต๋ฃก์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ์‹์Šต๊ด€์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:13
Carnivore describes an animal that eats only meat.
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์œก์‹๋™๋ฌผ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋งŒ ๋จน๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:19
Omnivore describes an animalย  that eats meat and plants,ย ย 
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์žก์‹๋™๋ฌผ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ์™€ ์‹๋ฌผ์„
03:24
a bit of both, and then herbivore is only plants.
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋จน๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ดˆ์‹๋™๋ฌผ์€ ์‹๋ฌผ๋งŒ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
Now keep in mind this is aย  description for animals only.
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์ด๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์—๋งŒ ํ•ด๋‹นํ•˜๋Š” ์„ค๋ช…์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:32
We don't use this terminologyย  with people to describe our diets.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์ด์–ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:38
So is an interesting point.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์ ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค.
03:40
Did you know that some plants are carnivores?
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์–ด๋–ค ์‹๋ฌผ์€ ์œก์‹๋™๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
03:43
A plant, a plant is a carnivore that eats meat?
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์‹๋ฌผ, ์‹๋ฌผ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน๋Š” ์œก์‹๋™๋ฌผ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
03:48
Well, there is a plant called the Venus Fly trap.
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์Œ, ๋น„๋„ˆ์Šค ํ”Œ๋ผ์ด ํŠธ๋žฉ(Venus Fly Trap)์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‹๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:52
And the name Flytrap, because itย  eats flies, which is an insect.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŒŒ๋ฆฌํ†ต์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๊ณค์ถฉ์ธ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์žก์•„๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์ง„ ์ด๋ฆ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:57
So that's pretty cool.
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์ •๋ง ๋ฉ‹์ง€๊ตฐ์š”.
03:58
But a lot of large animals,ย  including dinosaurs, were herbivores.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณต๋ฃก์„ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ๋งŽ์€ ๋Œ€ํ˜• ๋™๋ฌผ์€ ์ดˆ์‹ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:03
They only ate plants.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‹๋ฌผ๋งŒ ๋จน์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
Can you think of a dinosaur that was aย  herbivore or one that was a carnivore?
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์ดˆ์‹๋™๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ณต๋ฃก์ด๋‚˜ ์œก์‹๋™๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ณต๋ฃก์„ ๋– ์˜ฌ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:09
Think back to Jurassic Park.
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์ฅฌ๋ผ๊ธฐ ๊ณต์›์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
04:11
Now this is.
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
04:12
For animals, let's talk aboutย  people to describe your diet.
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๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‹๋‹จ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:18
Well, you may know the term vegetarian.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ฑ„์‹์ฃผ์˜๋ผ๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
This is to describe a person who doesn't eat meat.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
OK, now there are a lot ofย  different diets these days.
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๋„ค, ์š”์ฆ˜์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋‹ค์ด์–ดํŠธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜์™€์š”.
04:35
A vegetarian does not eat meat, but there's alsoย  a vegan and this is a person who doesn't eat.
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์ฑ„์‹์ฃผ์˜์ž๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ์ฑ„์‹์ฃผ์˜์ž๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋Š” ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
Describes a person who doesn'tย  eat any animal products.
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๋™๋ฌผ์„ฑ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
For example, milk, butter, eggs andย  even honey because honey is producedย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ์œ , ๋ฒ„ํ„ฐ, ๊ณ„๋ž€, ์‹ฌ์ง€์–ด ๊ฟ€๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฟ€์€
05:01
from bees and bees are animals soย  vegans don't eat these products.
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๋ฒŒ์—์„œ ์ƒ์‚ฐ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ฒŒ์€ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์™„์ „ ์ฑ„์‹์ฃผ์˜์ž๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
But generally a vegetarian would consumeย  milk because milk is not the actual animal.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ฑ„์‹์ฃผ์˜์ž๋Š” ์šฐ์œ ๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ œ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ์œ ๋ฅผ ์„ญ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
Now when I say meat.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด.
05:19
This includes things like chicken, fish,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ์ƒ์„  ๋“ฑ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:22
although obviously fish is not meat, but weย  just say meat to mean these products as well.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ƒ์„ ์€ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ œํ’ˆ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ผ๊ณ ๋งŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
Chicken, fish, pork.
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๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ์ƒ์„ , ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ ๊ธฐ.
05:31
So meat products, I guess you could say animals.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์œก๋ฅ˜ ์ œํ’ˆ์€ ๋™๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
05:34
To be more specific, who doesn't eat meat?
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์ข€ ๋” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์–ด๋”” ์žˆ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
05:36
Chicken, fish, pork, animals.
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๋‹ญ๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ์ƒ์„ , ๋ผ์ง€๊ณ ๊ธฐ, ๋™๋ฌผ.
05:39
So as a vegetarian vegan,ย  we also have a pescatarian.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฑ„์‹์ฃผ์˜์ž ์™„์ „์ฑ„์‹์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ํŽ˜์Šค์นดํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์–ธ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:45
Now, a pescetarian, this is a person who does notย ย 
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์ž, ํŽ˜์„ธํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์–ธ์ธ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
05:48
eat meat but does eat fish,ย  so a more inclusive diet.
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๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋จน์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ƒ์„ ์„ ๋จน๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋”์šฑ ํฌ์šฉ์ ์ธ ์‹๋‹จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
05:55
So you could say she is, she isย  a vegetarian, for example, to be.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฑ„์‹์ฃผ์˜์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:07
Vegetarian, vegan, pescetarian.
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์ฑ„์‹์ฃผ์˜์ž, ๋น„๊ฑด, ํŽ˜์„ธํ…Œ๋ฆฌ์•ˆ.
06:10
Now, if you eat meat and everything,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ ๊ธฐ๋‹ˆ ๋ญ๋‹ˆ ๋‹ค ๋จน๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด
06:12
well, then you don't have to specifyย  anything because that's just considered.
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๋ญ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ณ ๋ ค์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋”ฐ๋กœ ๋ช…์‹œํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
The normal diet, at least in North America.
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์ ์–ด๋„ ๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ •์ƒ์ ์ธ ์‹๋‹จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:20
So remember these terms are specificย  to animals and these are the termsย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์šฉ์–ด๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์—๋งŒ ํ•ด๋‹น๋˜๋ฉฐ
06:25
we use to describe people's dietary preferences.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์‹์Šต๊ด€ ์„ ํ˜ธ๋„๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์šฉ์–ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:30
So let's continue on.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
06:31
A giant carnivorous dinosaur, likelyย  rested or crouched down in Yorkshireย ย 
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์š”ํฌ์…”์—์„œ ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›…ํฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ์œก์‹๊ณต๋ฃก. ์›…ํฌ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
06:37
To Crouch down is when you you lower your body.
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๋ชธ์„ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:41
If this is my leg, I could put myย  leg down like this as well, so I.
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋„ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค๋†“์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋‚˜๋Š”.
06:47
Crouch down in Yorkshire 166,000,000 years ago,ย ย 
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166,000,000๋…„ ์ „, ์•„์ฃผ ๋จผ ์˜›๋‚  ์š”ํฌ์…”์—์„œ
06:54
long time ago, deeply pressingย  its feet into the ground.
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๋ฐœ์„ ๋•…์— ๊นŠ์ˆ™ํžˆ ๋ฐ•๊ณ  ์›…ํฌ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
And that's how it created this footprint, right?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์„ ๋งŒ๋“  ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
07:03
The Colossal creature, Colossal.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ ์ƒ๋ฌผ, ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€.
07:06
Colossal means really, really big Colossal.
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Colossal์€ ์ •๋ง, ์ •๋ง ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:11
So if you want to be dramatic, youย  could say I have a Colossal problem,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
which means really, really big problem.
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์ด๋Š” ์ •๋ง, ์ •๋ง ํฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:21
But in this case we're talking about theย  creature, the Colossal creature left behind aย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๊ณต๋ฃก ํ•ด์•ˆ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ
07:26
record-breaking footprint recently discoveredย  along the United Kingdom's dinosaur coast.
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์ตœ๊ทผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ ๋’ค์— ๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ง„ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ธ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:32
And this?
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์ด? ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ ๋’ค์—
07:33
Is the image of the dinosaur that they think leftย  behind the colossal footprint pretty big, right?
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๋‚จ๊ฒจ์ง„ ๊ณต๋ฃก์˜ ๋ชจ์Šต์ด ๊ฝค ํฌ์ฃ ?
07:42
Thousands of dinosaur footprints and many fossils.
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋งŽ์€ ํ™”์„.
07:46
Fossils are part of a plant or animal,ย ย 
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ํ™”์„์€ ์‹๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
07:48
or just the shape that's been preservedย  in rock or earth for a very long time.
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์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋žซ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐ”์œ„๋‚˜ ๋•…์— ๋ณด์กด๋˜์–ด ์˜จ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
So this footprint we wouldย  consider a fossil as well,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์€
07:59
because it's the shape of the dinosaur'sย  foot and it's preserved in rock.
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๊ณต๋ฃก์˜ ๋ฐœ ๋ชจ์–‘์ด๊ณ  ์•”์„์— ๋ณด์กด๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ™”์„์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:06
So that is a fossil and they've been recoveredย  over the years along the Yorkshire coast.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ™”์„์ด๊ณ  ์š”ํฌ์…” ํ•ด์•ˆ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์ˆ˜๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ํšŒ์ˆ˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
But this discovery was made in Aprilย  2021 by local archaeologist Listenย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์€ 2021๋…„ 4์›” ์ง€์—ญ ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:20
to the pronunciation, don'tย  look at the word, just listen.
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๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
08:23
close your eyes.
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๋ˆˆ์„ ๊ฐ ์œผ์„ธ์š”.
08:24
Listen.
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๋“ฃ๋‹ค.
08:25
Archaeologist, Archaeologist, Archaeologist,ย  an archaeologist, Well, this is a profession.
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๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž, ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž, ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž, ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž, ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ง์—…์ด์—์š”.
08:34
It's a job title and it's someone whoย  studies the building's graze tools orย ย 
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์งํ•จ์ด๋ฉฐ ๊ฑด๋ฌผ์˜ ๋ฐฉ๋ชฉ ๋„๊ตฌ๋‚˜
08:39
other objects, a people who lived in the past.
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๊ธฐํƒ€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‚ด์•˜๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:42
So when you go to a museum andย  you look at a bowl that was from.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์›๋ž˜ ์žˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:48
2.
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08:48
1000 years ago, it was likely anย  archaeologist who found that bowl.
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2.
1000๋…„ ์ „, ๊ทธ ๊ทธ๋ฆ‡์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž์˜€์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:55
Let's continue now.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
08:57
This is a quote from the archaeologist.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž์˜ ์ธ์šฉ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
What's her name?
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๊ทธ ์—ฌ์ž์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:00
Marie Woods.
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๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฆˆ.
09:01
And she found the footprint, theย  dinosaur footprint, the fossil.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ, ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ, ํ™”์„์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
I couldn't believe what I was looking at.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
I had to do a double take.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋”๋ธ” ํ…Œ์ดํฌ๋ฅผํ•ด์•ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
A double take is when you look at somethingย  and then you look again really quickly because.
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๋”๋ธ” ํ…Œ์ดํฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
You want to confirm that whatย  you just saw was accurate.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ณธ ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:22
So let's say you're walking downย  the street and you see Brad Pitt.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ธธ์„ ๊ฑท๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ธŒ๋ž˜๋“œ ํ”ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:27
You look at this guy and thenย  you're going to look again.
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณธ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:30
Was that just Brad Pitt?
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ธŒ๋ž˜๋“œ ํ”ผํŠธ์˜€๋‚˜์š”?
09:32
You do a double take and it happensย  really quickly to do a double take.
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๋”๋ธ” ํ…Œ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋”๋ธ” ํ…Œ์ดํฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
OK, to do a double take.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋”๋ธ” ํ…Œ์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๋ณด์ฃ .
09:41
But let's say you just got an assignment back.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ ค๋ฐ›์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
And you see that you got 100%.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ 100%๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
So you look at it and then you might look again,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
you have to do a double take 'causeย  you can't believe you got 100%.
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100% ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์ค‘์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:58
So you can use this in many different situations.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:01
It's just an expression to say thatย  you want to confirm that what you sawย ย 
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10:07
is correct because it's very surprising orย  unlikely, like seeing a celebrity Brad Pitt.
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์—ฐ์˜ˆ์ธ ๋ธŒ๋ž˜๋“œ ํ”ผํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋งค์šฐ ๋†€๋ž๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฒ•ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
So, Marie Woods.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ, ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ ์šฐ์ฆˆ.
10:16
Had to do a double take becauseย  it was so surprising seeing thisย ย 
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10:19
giant colossal footprint, she said in a statement.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์„ฑ๋ช…์—์„œ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋†€๋ผ์› ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜
10:24
I have seen a few smaller prints wentย  out with friends, but nothing like this.
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๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์ธ์‡„๋ฌผ ๋ช‡ ์žฅ์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
Now notice her verb tense.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:32
What verb tense is this?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
10:34
This is the present perfect.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
And in this case let meย  write this present perfect.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์„ ์“ฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
Because our timeline is an unfinished timeline.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํƒ€์ž„๋ผ์ธ์€ ๋ฏธ์™„์„ฑ๋œ ํƒ€์ž„๋ผ์ธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
So let's say she has seen 10 fossils, butย  it's possible for her to see more fossilsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ 10๊ฐœ์˜ ํ™”์„์„ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํ™”์„์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„
10:59
because she's alive and tomorrow ifย  she goes for a walk on the coast.
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์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‚ด์ผ ํ•ด์•ˆ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
She might see 11 fossils or one moreย  fossil which makes 11 total fossils,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” 11๊ฐœ์˜ ํ™”์„์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ด 11๊ฐœ์˜ ํ™”์„์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ํ™”์„์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„
11:11
and then the next year she might see anotherย  fossil and then her total is 12 fossils.
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์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ, ๋‹ค์Œ ํ•ด์— ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ™”์„์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ดํ•ฉ์€ 12๊ฐœ์˜ ํ™”์„์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
So because this number can increase,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ์ˆซ์ž๋Š” ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
11:20
it's considered an unfinished timelineย  and we use the present perfect.
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๋ฏธ์™„์˜ ํƒ€์ž„๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ„์ฃผ๋˜์–ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:25
So you might say, I've beenย  to three different countries.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋…€์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
But you can still go to other countries next year,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ด์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๋‚ด๋…„,
11:38
in the next 10 years, 20ย  years, as long as you're alive.
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10๋…„, 20 ๋…„ ํ›„์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
So that's an unfinished timeline,ย  and that's why it's in the present.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋ฏธ์™„์„ฑ ํƒ€์ž„๋ผ์ธ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
Perfect.
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์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ.
11:48
Let's continue on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
11:51
Woods reached out toย  paleontologist Doctor Dean Lomax.
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์šฐ์ฆˆ๋Š” ๊ณ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž์ธ ๋”˜ ๋กœ๋งฅ์Šค ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:57
If there are any Friends fans watching, youย  may know that Ross Geller, one of the mainย ย 
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ํ”„๋ Œ์ฆˆ ํŒฌ์ด์‹œ๋ผ๋ฉด TV์‡ผ ํ”„๋ Œ์ฆˆ์˜ ์ฃผ์ธ๊ณต ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ธ ๋กœ์Šค ๊ฒ”๋Ÿฌ(Ross Geller)๊ฐ€
12:04
characters from the TV show Friends, was obsessedย  with dinosaurs because he was a paleontologist.
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๊ณ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž์˜€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ณต๋ฃก์— ํ‘น ๋น ์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•„์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:13
A paleontologist is someoneย  who studies fossils as a wayย ย 
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๊ณ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž๋Š” ์ง€๊ตฌ์ƒ ์ƒ๋ช…์ฒด์˜ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ํ™”์„์„ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:16
of getting information aboutย  the history of life on Earth.
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.
12:20
Pronunciation.
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๋ฐœ์Œ.
12:21
Listen.
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12:21
Paleontologist.
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๋“ฃ๋‹ค.
๊ณ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž.
12:23
Archaeologist.
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๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž.
12:25
Paleontologist.
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๊ณ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž.
12:27
Now, Woods reached out.
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ์†์„ ๋ป—์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
This is a very common business phrasal verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋น„์ฆˆ๋‹ˆ์Šค ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:34
And when you reach out to someone, it simply meansย  that you contact someone for a specific purpose.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ํŠน์ • ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
And that specific purposeย  is to discuss this fossil,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ์ด ํ™”์„,
12:49
this colossal fossil that rhymes colossal fossil.
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™”์„๊ณผ ์šด์œจ์ด ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ™”์„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
OK, to reach out to now notice this prepositionย  'cause you always reach out to someone.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ด ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
You do not reach out someone.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:03
That's grammatically incorrect.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:05
You reach out to someone, soย  make sure you get that too.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ์—ฐ๋ฝ ๋„ ๊ผญ ๋ฐ›์œผ์„ธ์š”.
13:10
Let's continue on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
13:11
So Woods reached out to paleontologist Doctorย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ Woods๋Š” ๊ณ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž์ธ Dean Lomax ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜์—ฌ
13:14
Dean Lomax to get his thoughts onย  what she found at Burniston Bay.
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Burniston Bay์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
So to get one's thoughts on is just another way ofย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ
13:25
asking someone what they think about it,ย  their opinion to get one's thoughts on.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
So that's a nice alternativeย  you can add to your vocabulary.
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์ด๋Š” ์–ดํœ˜์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋Œ€์•ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:35
The three toed footprint.
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์„ธ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฝ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ.
13:37
SO3 toed.
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SO3 ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฝ.
13:39
We are five.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ช…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
Well, fingers on my hands,ย  toes on your feet, right?
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ ์†์—๋Š” ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ฐœ์—๋Š” ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฝ์ด ์žˆ์ฃ ?
13:45
So I have a 5 fingered hand.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹ค์„ฏ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ์˜ ์†์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:50
But dinosaurs had a three toed foot.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ณต๋ฃก์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:55
OK, remember I'm using my hand, butย  they're talking about their feet.
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์†์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:59
So three toes, fingers on your hands, toes on yourย  feet is 1 of only six to be found in the area.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฝ, ์†์˜ ์†๊ฐ€๋ฝ, ๋ฐœ์˜ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฝ์€ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜๋Š” 6๊ฐœ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:07
And the first one was found in 1934,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒƒ์€ 1934๋…„์— ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
14:13
concern that the footprint might erodeย  more if left along the coast to erode.
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ํ•ด์•ˆ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์นจ์‹๋˜๋„๋ก ๋‚จ๊ฒจ๋‘๋ฉด ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์นจ์‹๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์šฐ๋ ค์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
This comes from the word erosion.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์นจ์‹์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ์œ ๋ž˜๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:23
Erode is the verb.
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Erode๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:25
Erosion is the noun erosion.
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์นจ์‹์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ์นจ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:29
Erosion is when something solidย  like soil or stone, a rock,ย ย 
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์นจ์‹์€ ํ™์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ, ์•”์„๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฌผ์ฒด๊ฐ€
14:36
but it's gradually reduced or destroyed byย  the natural elements by water, rain or wind.
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๋ฌผ, ๋น„, ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ž์—ฐ ์š”์†Œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ ์ฐจ ๊ฐ์†Œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํŒŒ๊ดด๋˜๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:45
So that footprint that we saw right now,ย  it's a solid footprint, but over time,ย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณธ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์€ ๊ฒฌ๊ณ ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์ง€๋‚จ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
14:51
water is going to hit it and is goingย  to gradually reduce, reduce, reduce,ย ย 
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๋ฌผ์ด ๋‹ฟ์•„ ์ ์ฐจ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ  ์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ 
14:56
reduce, and that's from erosionย  and eventually it will be gone.
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์ค„์–ด๋“ค๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์นจ์‹ ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:01
Of course, this will take many, many, many years.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋žœ ์„ธ์›”์ด ๊ฑธ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:04
Now, did you know that the Grandย  Canyon was produced by erosion?
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋žœ๋“œ ์บ๋‹ˆ์–ธ์ด ์นจ์‹์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ์„ฑ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
15:11
It was produced by this giantย  rock being worn away by water,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์•”์„์ด ๋ฌผ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๋‹ณ์•„์„œ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์กŒ๊ณ ,
15:17
and eventually it was worn away so muchย  that it produced the Grand Canyon, OK,ย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋‹ณ์•„์„œ ๊ทธ๋žœ๋“œ ์บ๋‹ˆ์–ธ์ด ์ƒ๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:24
concerned that the footprint might erode,ย  so be destroyed be by the natural elements.
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๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ด ์นจ์‹๋˜์–ด ์ž์—ฐ ์š”์†Œ์— ์˜ํ•ด ํŒŒ๊ดด๋ ๊นŒ ๋ด ๊ฑฑ์ •๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
Might erode more.
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๋” ์นจ์‹๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
So it's already eroded some because it isย  very old, right if left along the coast,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ฏธ ์นจ์‹๋œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  , ํ•ด์•ˆ๊ฐ€์— ๋ฐฉ์น˜ํ•ด ๋‘”๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:40
the team arranged for it to be safely moved.
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ํŒ€์—์„œ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ด๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:44
Fossil collectors Mark Aaron andย  Shay Smith carefully collected theย ย 
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ํ™”์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๊ฐ€์ธ Mark Aaron๊ณผ Shay Smith๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์„ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
15:48
footprint and donated it to theย  Scarborough Museum and Galleries.
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Scarborough ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€ ๋ฐ ๊ฐค๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ธฐ์ฆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:52
Well, that's nice.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์ข‹์€๋ฐ.
15:54
Hudson and Lomax were able to study theย  footprint in detail once it was relocated,ย ย 
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Hudson๊ณผ Lomax๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ด ์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋œ ํ›„ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
16:01
so notice they have RE hereย  in front of the verb LOCATE.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋™์‚ฌ LOCATE ์•ž์— RE๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:05
When something is relocated, it means it'sย  moved from one location to another location.
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์žฌ๋ฐฐ์น˜๋ž€ ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ด ํ•œ ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:12
So that's relocated moved from.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ „๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
One location to another location, and often it'sย  done for security reasons to protect something.
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ํ•œ ์œ„์น˜์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋ณด์•ˆ์ƒ์˜ ์ด์œ ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:27
So they might relocate the Mona Lisa paintingย  from the museum to a protected area if theyย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์œ„ํ˜‘์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋ฉด ๋ชจ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์ž ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ ๊ตฌ์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ณ 
16:36
think there's a threat to it, and then return itย  to the original location once a threat is over.
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์œ„ํ˜‘์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ์›๋ž˜ ์œ„์น˜๋กœ ๋˜๋Œ๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:45
Which enabled the researchers to learn more aboutย  the dinosaur who left the impression behind.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธด ๊ณต๋ฃก์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:51
In this case, the impressionย  is just the footprint.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ธ์ƒ์€ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:55
The print is also the impression.
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์ธ์‡„๋„ ์ธ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
The mark you see in the rock now enable.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐ”์œ„์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ํ‘œ์‹œ๊ฐ€ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:02
This is just a formal way of saying allow.
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์ด๋Š” ํ—ˆ์šฉ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:07
It was relocated, which enabled the researchers,ย ย 
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์ด ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์—ฌ
17:11
which allowed the researchers allowedย  the researchers to learn more about it.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์ด ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ด์ „๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
The duo duo means two.
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๋“€์˜ค๋“€์˜ค๋Š” ๋‘˜์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
17:21
So in this case the duo represents Hudson.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋“€์˜ค๋Š” ํ—ˆ๋“œ์Šจ์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:25
And Lomax, that's our duo, because duo means two.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Lomax๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋“€์˜ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“€์˜ค๋Š” ๋‘˜์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:30
Sometimes we see this on food menus.
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๊ฐ€๋” ์Œ์‹ ๋ฉ”๋‰ด์—์„œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:32
You might see a duo of dips.
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋”ฅ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:36
So you have one dip maybe salsaย  and the other dip maybe guacamole.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์€ ์‚ด์‚ฌ ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ , ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ์€ ๊ณผ์นด๋ชฐ๋ฆฌ ์†Œ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋“œ์„ธ์š”.
17:41
So those are your two dips.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋”ฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:43
So you could say chips with a duoย  of dips, which means two dips.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋”ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์นฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋”ฅ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:48
So you can see this on food items,ย  but it commonly refers to people.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹ํ’ˆ์—์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์ง€์นญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:53
A duo that means 2 analyze the shape of theย  footprint, number of toes, and claw marks.
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2์ธ 1์กฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ ๋ชจ์–‘ , ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฝ ์ˆ˜, ๋ฐœํ†ฑ ์ž๊ตญ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:02
So if I were to scratch intoย  something that would leave a mark.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ธ์œผ๋ฉด ํ”์ ์ด ๋‚จ์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
18:09
I don't have claws, I have nails.
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๋ฐœํ†ฑ์€ ์—†๊ณ  ์†ํ†ฑ์ด ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
18:11
But on animals generally theyย  call them claws instead of nails.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์†ํ†ฑ ๋Œ€์‹  ๋ฐœํ†ฑ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:16
So if a dinosaur scraped into the rock orย  the tree, that would be the claw marks.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณต๋ฃก์ด ๋ฐ”์œ„๋‚˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๊ธ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐœํ†ฑ ์ž๊ตญ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:23
As well as impressions, rememberย  impressions are just marks leftย ย 
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์ธ์ƒ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ์ธ์ƒ์€
18:28
behind from the dinosaur's feet orย  hands made by the dinosaur's skin.
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๊ณต๋ฃก์˜ ๋ฐœ์ด๋‚˜ ์†์— ๊ณต๋ฃก ํ”ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋‚จ๊ธด ํ”์ ์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
18:33
Well, in this case is impressions from theย  skin, because if the dinosaur was lying down,ย ย 
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์Œ, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณต๋ฃก์ด ๋ˆ„์›Œ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณต๋ฃก์ด ๋‹ฟ์€ ๋ชธ์˜
18:40
it would leave marks on the ground from anyย  part of the body the dinosaur was touching.
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์–ด๋Š ๋ถ€์œ„์—์„œ๋‚˜ ๋•…์— ํ”์ ์ด ๋‚จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:48
Once work has been completedย  on the fossilized footprint,ย ย 
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ํ™”์„ํ™”๋œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉด
18:52
this is just the adjective formย  of footprint That's fossilized.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์˜ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:57
Just means it's preserved in the rock.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋ฐ”์œ„ ์†์— ๋ณด์กด๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—์š”.
19:01
It has become a fossil.
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ํ™”์„์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:04
It will go on public display.
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๊ณต๊ฐœ ์ „์‹œ๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:07
So to go on public display justย  means to be available publicly.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐœ ์ „์‹œ๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:14
Available publicly.
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๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:15
It will go on public display.
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๊ณต๊ฐœ ์ „์‹œ๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:17
It will be available publicly.
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๊ณต๊ฐœ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์šฉ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:22
Which means if you were in Scarborough Museum,ย ย 
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์ฆ‰, ์Šค์นด๋ฒ„๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
19:27
wherever that is, you wouldย  be able to see this fossil.
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์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋“ ์ง€ ์ด ํ™”์„์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:31
Wouldn't that be cool?
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ๋ฉ‹์ง€์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ˆ?
19:32
You can go take a selfie with it.
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๊ฐ€์„œ ์…€์นด๋ฅผ ์ฐ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž‘ํ’ˆ์€
19:34
It will go on public display, among others at theย  Scarborough Museum and Gallery's Rotunda Museum.
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์Šค์นด๋ฒ„๋Ÿฌ ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€(Scarborough Museum)๊ณผ ๊ฐค๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋กœํˆฐ๋‹ค ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€(Rotunda Museum) ๋“ฑ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐœ ์ „์‹œ๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:41
So that's where you can see the fossil.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ™”์„์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:44
So that's our article.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:45
A lot of advanced vocabulary,ย  but very common vocabulary.
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๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ์–ดํœ˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์–ดํœ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:50
And now I will read the article inย  full from start to finish so youย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
19:53
can follow along and focus on my pronunciation.
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์ œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:57
Record-breaking dinosaur footprintย  appears on the Yorkshire coast.
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๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ด ์š”ํฌ์…” ํ•ด์•ˆ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:03
A giant carnivorous dinosaur likely rested orย  crouched down in Yorkshire 166,000,000 years ago,ย ย 
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๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์œก์‹๊ณต๋ฃก์€ 1์–ต 6600๋งŒ๋…„ ์ „ ์š”ํฌ์…”์—์„œ ์‰ฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์›…ํฌ๋ฆฐ ์ฑ„
20:12
deeply pressing its feet into the ground.
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๋ฐœ์„ ๋•…์— ๊นŠ์ˆ™์ด ๋ฐ•๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ๋ก์ ์ธ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์„
20:15
The colossal creature left behind aย  record-breaking footprint recentlyย ย 
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๋‚จ๊ธด ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๋ฌผ์ด ์ตœ๊ทผ
20:20
discovered along the Unitedย  Kingdom's dinosaur coast.
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์˜๊ตญ์˜ ๊ณต๋ฃก ํ•ด์•ˆ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์š”ํฌ์…” ํ•ด์•ˆ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ
20:25
Thousands of dinosaur footprints andย  many fossils have been recovered overย ย 
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์ˆ˜์ฒœ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๊ณต๋ฃก ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋งŽ์€ ํ™”์„์ด ์ˆ˜๋…„์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ํšŒ์ˆ˜๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
20:30
the years along the Yorkshire coast,ย  but this discovery was made in Aprilย ย 
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, ์ด ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ์€
20:35
2021 by local archaeologist Marieย  Woods as she walked along the coast.
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2021๋…„ 4์›” ํ˜„์ง€ ๊ณ ๊ณ ํ•™์ž Marie Woods๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ˆ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฑธ์œผ๋ฉด์„œ ์ด๋ฃจ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:43
I couldn't believe what I was looking at.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค. Woods๋Š” ์„ฑ๋ช…์—์„œ
20:46
I had to do a double take,ย  Woods said in a statement.
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:50
I have seen a few smaller prints, wentย  out with friends, but nothing like this.
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์ž‘์€ ์ธ์‡„๋ฌผ์„ ๋ช‡ ์žฅ ๋ณธ ์ ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์™ธ์ถœํ•œ ์ ๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋งŒํ•œ ๊ฑด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:56
Woods reached out to paleontologist Doctorย ย 
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Woods๋Š” ๊ณ ์ƒ๋ฌผํ•™์ž์ธ Dean Lomax ๋ฐ•์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๋ฝํ•˜์—ฌ
20:59
Dean Lomax to get his thoughts onย  what she found at Burniston Bay.
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Burniston Bay์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:05
The three Toed footprint is one ofย  only six to be found in the area,ย ย 
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์„ธ ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฝ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์€ ์ด ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋œ ๋‹จ 6๊ฐœ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๋ฉฐ,
21:10
and the first one was found in 1934.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์€ 1934๋…„์— ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:15
Concerned that the footprint mightย  erode more if left along the coast,ย ย 
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๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์„ ํ•ด์•ˆ์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ๋‘๋ฉด ๋” ์นจ์‹๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์šฐ๋ ค๋กœ
21:20
the team arranged for it to be safely moved.
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ํŒ€์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์„ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๋„๋ก ๋งˆ๋ จํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:23
Fossil collectors Mark Aaron andย  Shay Smith carefully collected theย ย 
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ํ™”์„ ์ˆ˜์ง‘๊ฐ€์ธ Mark Aaron๊ณผ Shay Smith๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์„ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ์ˆ˜์ง‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
21:28
footprint and donated it to theย  Scarborough Museum and Galleries.
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Scarborough ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€ ๋ฐ ๊ฐค๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ธฐ์ฆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:33
Hudson and Lomax were able to study theย  footprint in detail once it was relocated,ย ย 
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ํ—ˆ๋“œ์Šจ๊ณผ ๋กœ๋งฅ์Šค๋Š” ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์ด ์˜ฎ๊ฒจ์ง„ ํ›„ ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
21:39
which enabled the researchers to learn more aboutย  the dinosaur who left the impression behind.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์›๋“ค์€ ํ”์ ์„ ๋‚จ๊ธด ๊ณต๋ฃก์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
21:45
The duo analyzed the shape of the footprint,ย ย 
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๋‘ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ ๋ชจ์–‘, ๋ฐœ๊ฐ€๋ฝ ์ˆ˜, ๋ฐœํ†ฑ ์ž๊ตญ
21:48
number of toes and claw marks, as well asย  impressions made by the dinosaur's skin.
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์ˆ˜, ๊ณต๋ฃก ํ”ผ๋ถ€์˜ ๋Š๋‚Œ ๋“ฑ์„ ๋ถ„์„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ™”์„ํ™”๋œ ๋ฐœ์ž๊ตญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
21:54
Once work has been completedย  on the fossilized footprint,ย ย 
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์ž‘์—…์ด ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜๋ฉด ์Šค์นด๋ฒ„๋Ÿฌ
21:58
it will go on public display among others at theย  Scarborough Museum and Gallery's Rotunda Museum.
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๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€(Scarborough Museum)๊ณผ ๊ฐค๋Ÿฌ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋กœํˆฐ๋‹ค ๋ฐ•๋ฌผ๊ด€(Rotunda Museum)์— ๊ณต๊ฐœ ์ „์‹œ๋  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:06
Amazing job with that article.
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ž๋„ค์š”.
22:08
Now feel free to hit pause, take a break, go getย  a cup of coffee or tea, review the vocabulary youย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ผ์‹œ ์ค‘์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ 
22:16
just learned, and when you're ready, hit playย  and we'll continue on with the next article.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์žฌ์ƒ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:24
Should cats be allowed on airplanes?
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ํƒœ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
22:27
Hmm, so this is an opinion based articleย  and the topic is cats on airplanes.
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ํ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๊ฒฌ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ํƒ„ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:35
Now let's say you were going to provide an answerย  to this question because it's a question, right?
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
22:43
So if you want to sound moreย  advanced, more professional,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ข€ ๋” ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
22:46
you can add an opinion word you can say in myย  opinion and then you can state your opinion.
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๋‚ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ง„์ˆ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:55
Cats should or shouldn't be allowed on airplanes.
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ํƒ‘์Šนํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:01
So you can say in my opinion,ย  that's a very common one.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:06
You can also say from my perspective.
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๋‚ด ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:11
Now notice it's from from myย  perspective, in my opinion.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์ œ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:19
From my perspective, these are the twoย  most common opinion words that you can use.
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๋‚ด ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ท€ํ•˜๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๊ฒฌ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:30
You can also say simply I think, I think thatย  cats should or shouldn't be allowed on airplanes.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ, ๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ํƒ‘์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:42
Now, notice here I included that a lot of studentsย ย 
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด
23:45
get confused about when you needย  to use that and when you don't.
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์–ธ์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ์–ธ์ œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ํฌํ•จ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:52
Generally in written English, we include that.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ๋ฉด ์˜์–ด์—๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:56
I think that cat should.
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๋‚ด ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ทธ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„.
23:59
Generally you can absolutelyย  just say I think cats should.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:04
Now in spoken English, we generally doย  not include it just to make it shorter,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋” ์งง๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํฌํ•จํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
24:10
and we say I think cats should.
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:13
So if you're writing, you can include it.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ํฌํ•จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:17
It's more common, but if you're speaking,ย  it's more common to emit it, exclude it.
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๋” ํ”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด, ๋‚ด๋ณด๋‚ด๊ณ , ์ œ์™ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฐ์„ค์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
24:25
So here are some opinion words youย  can start adding to your speech.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๊ฒฌ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:29
You can start right now and share yourย  opinion about cats on airplanes in theย ย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์— ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ์œ„์˜ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ณต์œ 
24:35
comment of this video and use inย  my opinion or from my perspective,ย ย 
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
24:41
they will both help you sound very advanced.
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:45
All right, let's continue on.
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž.
24:47
At the Bogota airport, as passengersย  were placing their carry ONS,ย ย 
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๋ณด๊ณ ํƒ€ ๊ณตํ•ญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์Šน๊ฐ๋“ค์ด ํœด๋Œ€ ONS,
24:52
laptops and purses in bins, inching theirย  way on the conveyor belt for inspection.
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๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ, ์ง€๊ฐ‘์„ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐํ†ต์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ปจ๋ฒ ์ด์–ด ๋ฒจํŠธ ์œ„๋กœ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:00
OK, let's stop here.
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์ข‹์•„, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์ž.
25:03
Carry ONS.
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ONS๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
25:06
This is absolutely must know for travelย  vocabulary, most commonly planes.
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์ด๋Š” ์—ฌํ–‰ ๊ด€๋ จ ์–ดํœ˜, ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:14
But you can also use this on trains,ย  buses, most likely boats as well.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ์ฐจ, ๋ฒ„์Šค, ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋ณดํŠธ์—์„œ๋„ ์ด ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:20
Now a carry on is simply a bag that youย  carry on to the airport onto the airplane.
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์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ๋‚ด ๋ฐ˜์ž…์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๊ณตํ•ญ์—์„œ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:31
Excuse me, not airport airplane.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณตํ•ญ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:35
Now, a suitcase is generallyย  larger and you would check that.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌํ–‰๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ํฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:42
So when you get to the airport, you checkย  your suitcase and it goes under the plane.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณตํ•ญ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋ฐ‘์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:48
But then you take your smaller suitcases,ย  your smaller bags, onto the airplane with you.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ž‘์€ ์—ฌํ–‰๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ, ์ž‘์€ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์„ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
25:57
You carry it onto the plane, so here onย  Google images you can see the carry on bags.
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๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ๋“ค๊ณ  ํƒ€๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ Google ์ด๋ฏธ์ง€์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‚ด ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฌผ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:08
Now this right here that this man is opening.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‚จ์ž๊ฐ€ ์—ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:13
This is called the overhead bin.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์œ„ ์„ ๋ฐ˜์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:16
The overhead bin and your bag mustย  fit in the overhead bin or go underย ย 
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๊ธฐ๋‚ด ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฌผ์ด ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์œ„ ์„ ๋ฐ˜๊ณผ ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์ด ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์œ„ ์„ ๋ฐ˜์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ขŒ์„ ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
26:25
your seat in order for it to be a carry on bag.
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.
26:30
So let me just write that here.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:33
So overhead bin, so your carry on bag or suitcaseย  Moss fit in the overhead bin or under your seat.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์œ„ ์„ ๋ฐ˜์€ ๊ธฐ๋‚ด ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ์—ฌํ–‰๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ ์— ์ ํ•ฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Moss๋Š” ๋จธ๋ฆฌ ์œ„ ์„ ๋ฐ˜์ด๋‚˜ ์ขŒ์„ ์•„๋ž˜์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:51
And then we have larger suitcases.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋” ํฐ ์—ฌํ–‰๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
27:00
Larger suitcases are called checked bagsย  or luggage and they go under the plane.
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๋” ํฐ ์—ฌํ–‰๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์€ ์œ„ํƒ ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฌผ ๋˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:09
So they do not go on the planeย  with you, they go under the plane.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ์˜ค๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:14
All right, now let's move on andย  look at this inching their way.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:22
So an inch is a very small amount.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ 1์ธ์น˜๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ์–‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:27
So if I say I'm inching my way,ย  it means I'm making slow progress.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ inching my way๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Š๋ฆฐ ์ง„์ „์„ ๋ณด์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:36
So if you said I'm inching my way towards the.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ๋‚˜์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:56
So you might say, I inched my way throughย  security and it took me almost one hour.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณด์•ˆ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰๋Œ€๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฑฐ์˜ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:08
So if you use inch my way, the personย  understands you're making progress slowly.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ธ์น˜ ๋งˆ์ด ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋ฐœ์ „ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:15
All right, One item stood out, stood out.
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์ž, ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•„์ดํ…œ์ด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์—ˆ์–ด์š”, ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
28:19
This is a great phrasal verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆˆ์—
28:23
To stand out, and this means to beย  noticeable, to to stand out, to be noticeable.
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๋„๋‹ค, ์ด๋Š” ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋‹ค, ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋‹ค, ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:38
So it's something that youย  notice more than other things.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:44
So let's say I have these two blackย  pens, and maybe I'll take this one,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰ ํŽœ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค . ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด ํŽœ,
28:53
this purple one, 'cause it's darker, right?
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์ด ๋ณด๋ผ์ƒ‰ ํŽœ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ์–ด๋‘ก๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
28:56
And then I can take this one.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฑธ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
29:03
Well, if I get rid of thisย  one, this is a better example.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์—†์• ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ข‹์€ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:07
If I have these three pens,ย  which one in your opinion,ย ย 
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐœ์˜ ํŽœ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ณด๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด,
29:12
from your perspective, whichย  one stands out, stands out?
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š”๊ฐ€?
29:18
Which one is more noticeable?
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋‚˜์š”?
29:20
Well, the yellow one stands out,ย  obviously because it's a bright color.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰์ด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ฐ์€ ์ƒ‰์ƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:27
So this item, this item in the all the suitcases,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์•„์ดํ…œ, ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌํ–‰๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์— ๋“ค์–ด์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ์•„์ดํ…œ,
29:34
this one item was more noticeableย  because there was a cat in the suitcase.
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์ด ์•„์ดํ…œ์ด ๋” ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ ์•ˆ์— ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
29:41
That's why it stood out.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:44
One item stood out was more noticeable.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์ด ๋” ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:47
It was a cat and its owner wasย  putting it into a cabin ready case.
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๊ธฐ๋‚ด์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ€์ด์Šค์— ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:56
So a cabin is what I showed you in the picture.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์˜ค๋‘๋ง‰์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ํƒˆ
30:02
That's where all the passengers go when they'reย  on a plane, they just call that the cabin.
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๋•Œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์Šน๊ฐ์ด ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ฐ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:10
So that cat is going on the plane.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ตฐ์š”.
30:15
OK, let me just write out that exampleย  sentence with the yellow pen for you.
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰ ํŽœ์œผ๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์จ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:21
The yellow pen stood out.
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๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰ ํŽœ์ด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:27
So remember, this is a phrasal verb.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž„์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
30:29
You need your verb stand, which you conjugateย  in this case is conjugated in the past.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ์Šคํƒ ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:35
Simple.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ.
30:36
And then you need your preposition out.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:39
The yellow pen stood out.
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๋…ธ๋ž€์ƒ‰ ํŽœ์ด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:43
For most travelers thisย  would hardly be noticeable.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์ž์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:48
Yet for me, alarm bells rang.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์•Œ๋žŒ ๋ฒจ์ด ์šธ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
30:53
OK, let's take a look here.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:55
Hardly, this is an adverb.
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๊ฑฐ์˜, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:58
Hardly be noticeable.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:01
When you use hardly, it means a small amount.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์ ์€ ์–‘์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:05
So for most people they wouldn't notice the cat.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:11
It's a small amount that they wouldย  notice, so not very much, a small amount.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆด ๋งŒํผ ์ ์€ ๊ธˆ์•ก์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๋งŽ์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ์€ ๊ธˆ์•ก์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„
31:18
There is another word that means theย  exact same thing, another adverb.
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์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด , ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:22
You could also say hardlyย  or barely, hardly barely.
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜, ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฑฐ์˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:30
They mean the same thing in this specific context.
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์ด ํŠน์ • ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:34
A small amount this would barely be noticeable.
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์ ์€ ์–‘์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:39
This would barely hardly be noticeable.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:42
And remember, instead of beย  noticeable, you can say stand out.
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๋ˆˆ์— ๋„๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
31:46
This would hardly stand out.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:49
This would barely stand out.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:51
Yet for me, alarm bells rang.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์•Œ๋žŒ ๋ฒจ์ด ์šธ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
31:55
So just like your phone rings, right?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์ „ํ™”๋ฒจ์ด ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ฃ ? ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฒจ์„
31:59
That's the verb we use to ringย  when you get a phone call.
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์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
32:04
Well, that's the verb we use with alarms.
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์Œ, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ๋ณด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:08
Roo, Roo, Roo.
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32:08
That's ring.
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๋ฃจ, ๋ฃจ, ๋ฃจ.
๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ˜์ง€์˜ˆ์š”.
32:10
The alarm rings and rang is just in the past.
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์•Œ๋žŒ์ด ์šธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:14
Simple.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ.
32:15
Alarm bells rang.
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์•Œ๋žŒ ๋ฒจ์ด ์šธ๋ ธ๋‹ค.
32:19
I am severely allergic to cats,ย  vulnerable to allergic asthma,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ์„ฑ ์ฒœ์‹์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉฐ
32:25
and a cat was going to be sharing my cabinย  during the six hour Air Canada flight.
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6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์—์–ด์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋น„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์‹ค์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:33
Now remember, cabin is just used toย  describe the interior of the plane.
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐ์‹ค์€ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
32:42
That's it.
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32:42
So the interior of the plane.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€.
32:45
They call it a cabin.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์บ๋นˆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:46
I don't know why.
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์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
32:49
Interior of the plane.
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๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€.
32:52
So it's where you sit, where your bags are,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์•‰๋Š” ๊ณณ, ๊ฐ€๋ฐฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ,
32:55
where the pilot is, everythingย  on the inside of the plane.
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์กฐ์ข…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ, ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๋ถ€์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:03
All right, what else?
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ๋˜ ๋ญ์•ผ?
33:05
Oh, severely, so severely.
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์•„, ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ.
33:09
This is an adverb, and it'sย  saying to a large degree.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ, ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋‹ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:14
So remember, hardly was small, butย  then severely is to a large degree.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ž‘์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋Š” ํฐ ์ •๋„์ž„์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
33:21
So in in certain contexts youย  could think of them as opposite.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠน์ • ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๋‘˜์„ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:25
So this is to a large degree.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์ •๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:30
To a large degree.
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์ƒ๋‹นํ•œ ์ •๋„.
33:37
All right, let's move on here.
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์ข‹์•„, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์ž.
33:42
Why are cats allowed?
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ์™œ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
33:45
Yes, dogs are also permitted in the cabin.
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๋„ค, ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋„ ๊ฐ์‹ค์— ๋™๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
33:50
Yet twice as many people areย  allergic to cats as to dogs,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
33:56
according to the American Collegeย  of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ, ์ฒœ์‹ ๋ฐ ๋ฉด์—ญํ•™ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ฐœ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์— ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:01
Let's take a look at Yet becauseย  I noticed they also used it here.
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Yet์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:07
Yet for me.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š”.
34:08
So yet, yet, yet is one of thoseย  words in English that has manyย ย 
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So Yet, ์•„์ง, ์•„์ง์€
34:15
different meanings depending on the context.
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๋ฌธ๋งฅ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๋‹จ์–ด ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:19
And that's why it's so useful to studyย  from articles, because you see the contextย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์—ฐ๊ตฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š”
34:26
that the word is being used in this specificย  context, yet is being used as a conjunction.
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๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ด ํŠน์ • ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:35
It's a conjunction and it has the same meaning asย  but or however, so it's used to show a contrast.
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์ ‘์†์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ but ๋˜๋Š” but์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ€์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:49
So here, let's look at our first example.
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์ด์ œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:52
Most travelers wouldn't notice a cat.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์ž๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
34:58
I would notice a cat.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ์•„ ์ฐจ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:02
Do you see the contrast?
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๋Œ€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด๋‚˜์š”?
35:04
Most travelers would not.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์ž๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:07
I would.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
35:08
So we have a yes and a no.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜ˆ์™€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:11
There's a contrast we use yetย  to help us transition from theย ย 
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35:19
one contrast point to the other contrast point.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋Œ€๋น„์ ์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€๋น„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ „ํ™˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์•„์ง ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:24
So you could equally say but for me, however,ย  for me, yet for me in this specific context,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด ํŠน์ • ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด,
35:35
and it's the same thing here, So cats are allowed,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ 
35:42
dogs are allowed, but twice asย  many people are allergic yet.
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๊ฐœ๋Š” ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„์ง ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:49
So we're setting up another contrastย  and we're using yet as a conjunction.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋Œ€์กฐ๋ฅผ ์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์•„์ง ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
35:56
Now, just as a reminder, all of theseย  notes are available as APDF download,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋…ธํŠธ๋Š” APDF ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œ๋กœ ์ œ๊ณต๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
36:03
so you can look in the descriptionย  of this video to get this download.
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๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์˜ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
36:09
Let's continue on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
36:10
Yet twice as many people areย  allergic to cats as to dogs.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์— ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:16
Here they chose to use as to dogs.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:19
Honestly, I would say then so we have twiceย  as many people are allergic to cats than dogs.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ฐœ ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์— ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:28
That's what I would say than dogs and you'reย  probably more familiar with that wording.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ทธ ํ‘œํ˜„์— ๋” ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
36:36
So, for example, more people buy dogs than cats,ย  more people fly than travel by bus, for example.
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, ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ๊ณ , ๋ฒ„์Šค๋กœ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ€๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
36:55
So just showing you that thatย  contrast, that comparison with them.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค๊ณผ์˜ ๋Œ€์กฐ, ๋น„๊ต๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:00
All right, let's continue on dangers of exposure.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ์ถœ ์œ„ํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณ„์† ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:06
So what?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ญ?
37:07
Is a cat allergic passenger?
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์Šน๊ฐ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
37:10
To do so?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด?
37:11
This person is allergic to cats.
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:14
They get a reaction, but someone is taking a catย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ˜์‘์„ ๋ณด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ
37:19
on the plane and they mightย  be quite close to each other.
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๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ํƒœ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ์„œ๋กœ ๊ฝค ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์›Œ์กŒ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:23
So they're asking for advice.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:26
What is that person to do?
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
37:29
And this is the advice.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์กฐ์–ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ์ƒ์„
37:31
Take medications that help preventย  symptoms, advises Randolph.
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์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์•ฝ์„ ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  Randolph๋Š” ์กฐ์–ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:37
So.
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37:37
Notice here advises this is being used as ourย  verb, our verb, and the noun form of advise.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ.
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ด ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ, ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ ์กฐ์–ธ์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:50
We can use advice, which is the noun.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
37:54
What advice do?
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์–ด๋–ค ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์กฐ์–ธ
38:00
What advice do you have for me 'causeย  this person is asking for advice.
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์„ ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
38:06
What advice do you have for me?
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์–ด๋–ค ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
38:12
And I can say I advise you to take medication.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ฝ์„ ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ์กฐ์–ธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:19
Advise, advice.
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์กฐ์–ธ, ์กฐ์–ธ.
38:22
So notice the pronunciation difference.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋ฐœ์Œ ์ฐจ์ด์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
38:24
Advice Advise, advice, advice.
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์กฐ์–ธ ์กฐ์–ธ, ์กฐ์–ธ, ์กฐ์–ธ.
38:29
This is our noun and this is are verbs spellingย  difference and pronunciation difference as well.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์ฒ ์ž ์ฐจ์ด์™€ ๋ฐœ์Œ ์ฐจ์ด์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:39
This includes a non drowsy antihistamine taken anย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰ 1์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ „์— ๋ณต์šฉํ•œ ์กธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ•ญํžˆ์Šคํƒ€๋ฏผ์ œ
38:43
hour before the flight and two pumps of aย  rescue inhaler 15 minutes before boarding.
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์™€ ํƒ‘์Šน 15๋ถ„ ์ „ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์šฉ ํก์ž…๊ธฐ 2ํšŒ ํŽŒํ”„๊ฐ€ โ€‹โ€‹ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:51
So drowsy.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์กธ๋ ค์š”.
38:52
Drowsy is when you feel sleepy or tired.
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์กธ์Œ์€ ์กธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•จ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
38:57
If you feel sleepy or tired, sleepy, tired.
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์กธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๋ฉด ์กธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:03
But when you say non drowsy itย  makes it negative because a lotย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์กธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
39:08
of medication makes you feel sleepy or tired.
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์•ฝ๋ฌผ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์กธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์ง€๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:12
It makes you drowsy.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์กธ๋ฆฌ ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:15
So a lot of medication will say on their label,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์•ฝ์˜ ๋ผ๋ฒจ์—๋Š”
39:22
do not drive after taking medication becauseย  it may make you drowsy, which means sleepy.
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์•ฝ์„ ๋ณต์šฉํ•œ ํ›„ ์šด์ „ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์กธ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์กธ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:36
But generally drowsy is the vocabulary choiceย  when we're talking specifically about medication.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์กธ์Œ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:44
Now, if I had a long day at work, or if I didn'tย  sleep very well, I wouldn't say I feel drowsy,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ธด ํ•˜๋ฃจ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ชป ์ž๋„ ์กธ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
39:55
because drowsy implies the result of some sortย  of medication because we use it with medication.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์กธ์Œ์€ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:04
So if you're just talking about working hardย  or not sleeping well, you would use tired.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ž ์„ ์ž˜ ๋ชป ์ž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋งŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, Tired๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:18
Or sleepy.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์กธ๋ ค์š”.
40:19
I feel tired.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด.
40:20
I feel sleepy.
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์กธ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
40:23
I am or I feel.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜
40:26
Either one of those is fine.
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์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ผ๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:27
I am.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์š”.
40:28
I feel tired or sleepy.
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ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์กธ๋ฆฐ ๋Š๋‚Œ์ด ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:30
But if you're talking specifically aboutย  medication, then you can use drowsy.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•ฝ๋ฌผ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” drowsy๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:38
Alright, so that's the advice, which is a noun.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์กฐ์–ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:44
Let's continue on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
40:45
A mask used to protect against COVID-19 could helpย  prevent the dander from getting into your Airways.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋Š” ๋น„๋“ฌ์ด ๊ธฐ๋„๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
40:54
Dander, that is something from the cat's fur.
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๋น„๋“ฌ, ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ํ„ธ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ํ„ธ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ
41:01
So little particles from theย  cat's fur is called dander.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ž‘์€ ์ž…์ž๋ฅผ ๋น„๋“ฌ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:09
And that's generally whyย  people are allergic to cats.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์— ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:13
It's the dander on their fur.
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๋ชจํ”ผ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋น„๋“ฌ์ด์—์š”.
41:18
Airways is of course just how you get airย  into your body is through your Airways.
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๊ธฐ๋„๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ธฐ๋„๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋ชธ์— ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:28
So your nose is one of your Airways and yourย  mouth, your throat is another one of your Airways.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฝ”๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ณ  ์ž…๋„ ๊ธฐ๋„ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:36
So how you get air into your body now noticeย  how they're using could as our modal verb,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ชธ์— ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋„ฃ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ could๋ฅผ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:48
because could is used to show possibilityย  or potential possibility or potential.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด could๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ์ด๋‚˜ ์ž ์žฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
41:58
So it's not saying that it will help you.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:04
Will is a more of an absolute this will work.
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์˜์ง€๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:10
It sounds 100% certain this couldย  work, it's just a possibility.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํšจ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ 100% ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:19
It's also possible that it won't work,ย  so could is used to show possibility.
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์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์„ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด could๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:27
So this medicine could make you drowsy, could.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์•ฝ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์กธ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
42:37
There's a possibility, theย  potential, and that's a modal verb.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ, ์ž ์žฌ๋ ฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:43
And remember, we always have.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
42:45
Grammatically, we always have modal plus base.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ชจ๋‹ฌ ํ”Œ๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
42:51
Verb So you don't changeย  your verb that comes next.
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๋™์‚ฌ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
42:55
It's always the base verb andย  could doesn't change either.
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์ด๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:01
This medicine could make you drowsy.
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์ด ์•ฝ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์กธ๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:04
Let's continue on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
43:06
Is anything being done?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
43:08
Is there any progress in at least making theย ย 
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์ ์–ด๋„
43:12
public and the airline industryย  aware of the cat allergy problem?
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๋Œ€์ค‘๊ณผ ํ•ญ๊ณต์—…๊ณ„์— ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ง„์ „์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
43:17
We have been trying to raise awarenessย  of cat allergy and cabins since 1985,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 1985๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ์™€ ๊ฐ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒ„์ง€๋‹ˆ์•„
43:23
notes Tonya Winders, president ofย  the Virginia based Global Allergyย ย 
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์— ๋ณธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘”
43:29
Airways Patient Platform, An 82 member network.
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82๋ช…์˜ ํšŒ์› ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์ธ Global Allergy Airways Patient Platform์˜ ์‚ฌ์žฅ Tonya Winders๋Š” ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:34
A patient based groups, including theย  asthma and Allergy Network Winders,ย ย 
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์ฒœ์‹ ๋ฐ ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ ์™€์ธ๋”์Šค(Network Winders)๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ํ™˜์ž ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์€ ์ค‘์ฆ ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฅ์• ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”
43:40
points to the Federal Aviationย  Administration's Air Carrier Access Act,ย ย 
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์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ํ•ญ๊ณต์ฒญ์˜ ํ•ญ๊ณต์šด์†ก๋ฒ•(Air Carrier Access Act)์„ ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
43:46
which is supposed to protect people withย  disabilities, including severe allergies.
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.
43:52
But the only protection theย  website offers is advice.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋Š” ์กฐ์–ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
43:56
Choose an airline that doesย  not allow cats in cabins.
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด์˜ ๊ธฐ๋‚ด ํƒ‘์Šน์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
44:01
Call ahead and check with your doctor.
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๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์ „ํ™”ํ•ด์„œ ์˜์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
44:05
All right, so here, this is the advice.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์กฐ์–ธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:08
We have our noun here, and youย  can see those three points.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ์ด ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:14
That's what she advises using our verb.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์กฐ์–ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:17
That's what she advises you do.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์กฐ์–ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:21
Now let's go back here.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:22
There were a lot of very long names.
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ธด ์ด๋ฆ„์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์–ด์š”.
44:27
Those are just the names of theseย  specific groups or the specific act.
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์ด๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๊ทธ๋ฃน์ด๋‚˜ ํŠน์ • ํ–‰์œ„์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:32
You can just ignore those pretty much.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ฌด์‹œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:37
What can I show you?
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด๊นŒ์š”?
44:39
Here we have raise awareness.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ธ์‹์„ ๋†’์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:44
Raise is the verb you would use.
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์ธ์ƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:47
You can also use increaseย  awareness, increase awareness.
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์ธ์ง€๋„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ, ์ธ์ง€๋„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
44:52
But raise is a very common verb with the wordย  awareness, so you can add that to your vocabulary.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ธ์ƒ์€ ์ธ์‹์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ•ด๋‹น ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ดํœ˜์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:00
Now notice we have since 1985ย  and when I see the word sense,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ 1985๋…„ ์ดํ›„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์„ธ์š” . ๋‹จ์–ด ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ
45:07
I can look back and I already know that myย  sentence is going to be in the present perfect.
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๋˜๋Œ์•„๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฏธ ๋‚ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:13
Now what verb tense do we have here?
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
45:16
We have been trying.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:18
We've been trying, we've been trying.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:23
This is the present perfect continuous,ย  Present perfect continuous and it showsย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•, ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ
45:32
an action that started in theย  past and continues until now.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜„์žฌ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:39
So when did this action start?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ํ™œ๋™์€ ์–ธ์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
45:42
Well, it started in 1985,ย  so that was the start .1985.
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์Œ, 1985๋…„์— ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ .1985๋…„์ด ์‹œ์ž‘์ด์ฃ .
45:49
And then it's continued all the way until now, andย  it will continue until some unknown time in the.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ , ์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์–ด๋Š ์‹œ์ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณ„์†๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
45:57
Future so not too much on this last pageย  'cause it was mainly those long groups,ย ย 
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๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ด ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃผ๋กœ ๊ธด ๊ทธ๋ฃน,
46:04
those long organizations.
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๊ธด ์กฐ์ง์ด์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:08
So what I'll do now is I will read theย  article from start to finish so youย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด์ œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ์–ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
46:13
can focus on my pronunciation and youย  can imitate my pronunciation as well.
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๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ๋„ ๋”ฐ๋ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ• ๊ฒŒ์š”.
46:19
And remember, you can also look in the descriptionย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
46:24
of this video to get the link thatย  summarizes all the notes I made.
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์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์˜ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ์š”์•ฝํ•œ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
46:30
So now I'll read the article from start to finish.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด์ œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:34
Should cats be allowed onย  airplanes at the Bogota airport?
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๋ณด๊ณ ํƒ€ ๊ณตํ•ญ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์— ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ํƒœ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
46:39
As passengers were placing theirย  carry ONS, laptops and purses in bins,ย ย 
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์Šน๊ฐ์ด ํœด๋Œ€ ONS, ๋…ธํŠธ๋ถ, ์ง€๊ฐ‘์„ ์“ฐ๋ ˆ๊ธฐํ†ต์— ๋„ฃ๊ณ 
46:44
inching their way on the conveyor beltย  for inspection, one item stood out.
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๊ฒ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ปจ๋ฒ ์ด์–ด ๋ฒจํŠธ ์œ„๋กœ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์”ฉ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ’ˆ๋ชฉ์ด ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:49
It was a cat and its owner wasย  putting it into a cabin ready case.
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด์˜€๋Š”๋ฐ ์ฃผ์ธ์ด ๊ธฐ๋‚ด์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ€์ด์Šค์— ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
46:55
For most travelers this would hardly beย  noticeable, yet for me alarm bells rang.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์—ฌํ–‰์ž์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์— ๋„์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์•Œ๋žŒ ๋ฒจ์ด ์šธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:02
I am severely allergic to cats,ย  vulnerable to allergic asthma,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์‹ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ์„ฑ ์ฒœ์‹์— ์ทจ์•ฝํ•˜๋ฉฐ
47:07
and a cat was going to be sharing my cabinย  during the six hour Air Canada flight.
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6์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์—์–ด์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋น„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ์‹ค์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:14
Why are cats allowed?
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ์™œ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜๋‚˜์š”?
47:16
Yes, dogs are also permitted in the cabin.
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๋„ค, ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๊ฒฌ๋„ ๊ฐ์‹ค์— ๋™๋ฐ˜ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:20
Yet twice as many people areย  allergic to cats as to dogs,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
47:25
according to the American Collegeย  of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ, ์ฒœ์‹ ๋ฐ ๋ฉด์—ญํ•™ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ฐœ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์— ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:31
Dangers of exposure So what isย  a cat allergic passenger to do?
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๋…ธ์ถœ ์œ„ํ—˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์Šน๊ฐ์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์ฆ์ƒ์„
47:37
Take medications that help preventย  symptoms, advises Randolph.
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์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์•ฝ์„ ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  Randolph๋Š” ์กฐ์–ธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:41
This includes a non drowsyย  antihistamine taken an hour.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ณต์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์กธ๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ•ญํžˆ์Šคํƒ€๋ฏผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
47:46
Before the flight and two puffs of a rescueย  inhaler 15 minutes before boarding a mask usedย ย 
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๋น„ํ–‰ ์ „๊ณผ ํƒ‘์Šน 15๋ถ„ ์ „์— ๊ตฌ์กฐ์šฉ ํก์ž…๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ํก์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
47:55
to protect against COVID-19 could help preventย  the dander from getting into your Airways.
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์ฝ”๋กœ๋‚˜19 ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋งˆ์Šคํฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น„๋“ฌ์ด ๊ธฐ๋„๋กœ ์œ ์ž…๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
48:01
A HEPA air filter, whichย  most airplanes say they use,ย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” HEPA ๊ณต๊ธฐ ํ•„ํ„ฐ๋„
48:06
could also help, but not ifย  a cat is sitting next to you.
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๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ์˜†์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:11
Is anything being done?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
48:14
Is there any progress in at least making theย ย 
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์ ์–ด๋„
48:17
public and the airline industryย  aware of the cat allergy problem?
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๋Œ€์ค‘๊ณผ ํ•ญ๊ณต์—…๊ณ„์— ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ง„์ „์ด ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
48:23
We have been trying to raise awarenessย  of cat allergy in cabins since 1985,ย ย 
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48:29
notes Tonya Winders, president of the Virginiaย  based Global Allergy Airways Patient Platform.
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๋ฒ„์ง€๋‹ˆ์•„์— ๋ณธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘” Global Allergy Airways Patient Platform์˜ ์‚ฌ์žฅ Tonya Winders๋Š” 1985๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธฐ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ธ์‹์„ ๋†’์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:38
An 82 member network of patient based groupsย  including the Asthma and Allergy Network.
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์ฒœ์‹ ๋ฐ ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ํ™˜์ž ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋œ 82๋ช…์˜ ํšŒ์› ๋„คํŠธ์›Œํฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
48:45
Winders points to the Federal Aviationย  Administration's Air Carrier Access Act,ย ย 
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Winders๋Š” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์•Œ๋ ˆ๋ฅด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์žฅ์• ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์—ฐ๋ฐฉ ํ•ญ๊ณต์ฒญ์˜ ํ•ญ๊ณต์šด์†ก๋ฒ•(Air Carrier Access Act)์„ ์ง€์ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
48:53
which is supposed to protect people withย  disabilities, including severe allergies.
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.
48:59
But the only protection theย  website offers is advice.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๋ณดํ˜ธ๋Š” ์กฐ์–ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:03
Choose an airline that doesย  not allow cats in cabins.
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด์˜ ๊ธฐ๋‚ด ํƒ‘์Šน์„ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ํ•ญ๊ณต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
49:07
Call ahead and check with your doctor.
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๋ฏธ๋ฆฌ ์ „ํ™”ํ•ด์„œ ์˜์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
49:11
Amazing job with that article.
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ž๋„ค์š”.
49:13
Now feel free to hit pause, take a break, go getย  a cup of coffee or tea, review the vocabulary youย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ผ์‹œ ์ค‘์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ 
49:21
just learned, and when you're ready, hit playย  and we'll continue on with the next article.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์žฌ์ƒ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:30
1st I'll read the headline Fred theย  pig caught after mischief rampage.
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๋จผ์ € ์žฅ๋‚œ์„ ์น˜๊ณ  ๋‚œ ๋’ค ๋ถ™์žกํžŒ ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ฝ์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:36
So in this picture it looks like this is Fredย  the pig and he was caught after mischief rampage.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žฅ๋‚œ์„ ์น˜๋‹ค ๋ถ™์žกํžŒ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:46
First I want you to notice my pronunciation here.
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๋จผ์ € ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ธ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
49:49
Mischief.
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์žฅ๋‚œ.
49:50
Jeff Jeff Mischief.
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์ œํ”„ ์ œํ”„ ์žฅ๋‚œ.
49:53
So here you don't hear this E soundย  because we do have a word that youย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ด E ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
49:59
may be familiar were with which is chief, chief.
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์ต์ˆ™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ Chief, Chief๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:03
Same spelling at this end, but thisย  here is a long E sound EFF chief.
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์ด ๋ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ฒ ์ž๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ธด E ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ EFF ์น˜ํ”„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:11
But here you don't hear that long E and it's justย  like if you were saying if mischief, mischief.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ธด E๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋งˆ์น˜ ์žฅ๋‚œ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์žฅ๋‚œ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:20
So notice that pronunciation.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ทธ ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
50:22
And what exactly is mischief?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žฅ๋‚œ์ด๋ž€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
50:25
Mischief essentially means bad behavior.
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์žฅ๋‚œ์€ ๋ณธ์งˆ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์œ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:28
Bad behavior.
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๋‚˜์œ ํ–‰๋™.
50:30
We use this a lot with children.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:32
Of course, the children got intoย  mischief while I was working.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ์žฅ๋‚œ์„ ์ณค๋‹ค.
50:40
Now let's talk about rampage.
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์ด์ œ ๋‚œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
50:42
Rampage.
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๋‚  ๋›ฐ๊ธฐ.
50:43
What is this?
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์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€์š”?
50:45
This is OK.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:48
This is when you go through an area.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•  ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:52
And you do that making a lotย  of noise and causing damage.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์†Œ์Œ์ด ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜๊ณ  ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
50:58
So this pig went through anย  area, and as he was going around,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ํ•œ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉด์„œ
51:04
he was either making noise or causing damageย  or doing both of those at the same time.
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์†Œ์Œ์„ ๋‚ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋™์‹œ์— ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:12
That would describe a rampage, A mischief rampage.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚œ๋™, ์žฅ๋‚œ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋‚œ๋™์„ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:17
Now notice the sentence structure.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
51:19
Fred the pig caught.
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žกํ˜”์–ด์š”.
51:21
After mischief rampage, Now what do youย  notice about this part of the sentence?
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์žฅ๋‚œ์ด ๋‚œ๋ฌดํ•œ ํ›„, ์ด์ œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
51:29
Is this an active sentence or a passive sentence?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Šฅ๋™๋ฌธ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”, ์ˆ˜๋™๋ฌธ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
51:35
It might be difficult for you to identify thisย  because in headlines of newspaper articles orย ย 
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์‹ ๋ฌธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹จํŽธ ์†Œ์„ค์˜ ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋งŒ ์กด์žฌํ•˜๋Š”
51:42
short stories, they often omit certainย  words that are only there grammatically.
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ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
51:48
So in this case, to identify the passive,ย  you would normally see the verb to be,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ be๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:54
because that's the correct grammatical structure.
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์ด๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
51:57
Now correct grammar would be Fred theย  pig was caught after mischief rampage,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์€ Fred the pig wascheded after ์žฅ๋‚œ ๋‚œ๋™์ด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
52:03
but native speakers understand the sentenceย  structure without the auxiliary verb.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด๋„ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:09
And headlines and short story titlesย  always try to be as short as possible.
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ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ๊ณผ ๋‹จํŽธ ์†Œ์„ค ์ œ๋ชฉ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งง๊ฒŒ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
52:14
And they do that by omitting theseย  words that are there for grammarย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์กด์žฌ
52:19
but not essential to understand theย  meaning but the sentence structure.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ƒ๋žตํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:23
If you were writing this in any other context,ย ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ด ๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
52:27
you in need was caught the pastย  simple of the verb to be now.
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you in need๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์„ ํฌ์ฐฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํ˜„์žฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:31
That's our passive sentence.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
52:33
If you wanted to turn this into anย  active sentence, what could you say?
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋Šฅ๋™ํ˜• ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
52:39
Think about that.
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์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
52:40
Fred the pig was caught.
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žกํ˜”์–ด์š”.
52:43
Well, we don't know who caught Fred the pig,ย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ผ์ง€ Fred๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ธฐ
52:47
but we could just say people, becauseย  I don't know who the subject is.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
52:54
People.
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52:54
Or maybe officials caught Fred the pig.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค.
์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์ด ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:00
Now this.
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์ด์ œ ์ด. ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ
53:01
Is our active sentence because theย  subject is doing the action whereย ย 
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋Šฅ๋™ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
53:06
in this case Fred the pig is receiving the action.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€ Fred๊ฐ€ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:11
So this is our active sentenceย  and this is our passive sentence.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:18
I wrote that there for you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:20
And don't worry about writing allย  these notes down because I summarizeย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งํฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๊ฐ•์˜ PDF์— ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์š”์•ฝํ•ด ๋‘์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ ์–ด ๋‘๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”
53:23
everything in a free lesson PDF so youย  can look in the description for the link.
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.
53:29
Now let's continue and learn about Fred'sย  mischief rampage After numerous complaints.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ ์‚ฌํ•ญ ์ดํ›„ Fred์˜ ์žฅ๋‚œ ๋‚œ๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„ ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:38
Numerous is another way of saying, many afterย  numerous complaints, after many complaints.
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์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ ์ดํ›„์— ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
53:47
And a complaint is whenย  you see something negative.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:51
So if you went to a restaurant and youย  didn't like the food and then you told.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‹๋‹น์— ๊ฐ”๋”๋‹ˆ ์Œ์‹์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“ค์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
53:59
The, The server?
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์„œ๋ฒ„?
54:00
The waiter.
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์›จ์ดํ„ฐ.
54:01
This isn't very good.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ข‹์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:03
You are making a complaint, making a complaint.
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๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ํ† ๋กœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ํ† ๋กœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:08
So that's the verb that goes.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:09
With the noun complaint, I madeย  a complaint about the food.
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๋ถˆํ‰์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ์Œ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰์„ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:19
Now complain is the verbย  form, and this I'll complaint.
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์ด์ œ ๋ถˆํ‰์€ ๋™์‚ฌ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ด๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:25
That's a noun.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:26
As a noun.
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๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ. ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์‚ฌํ•ญ ์ดํ›„์— ์—ฌ๊ธฐ
54:27
Notice it has an article in our sentenceย  here, after numerous complaints.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
54:31
There's no article because you don'tย  use an article when it's a plural noun,ย ย 
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๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
54:36
but if you were to use the verb.
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:38
Form, I complained about the food.
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์–‘์‹, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์Œ์‹์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ถˆํ‰ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:45
So when you dislike something orย  you have a negative experience andย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
54:49
you make that known to someone, youย  are making a complaint or you are.
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ์•Œ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์„ ์ œ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
54:56
Complaining the noun form or the verb form.
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๋ช…์‚ฌํ˜•์ด๋‚˜ ๋™์‚ฌํ˜•์„ ๋ถˆํ‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:00
After numerous complaints of mischief, weย  know what this means and the pronunciation.
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์žฅ๋‚œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ๋ถˆ๋งŒ์ด ์ ‘์ˆ˜๋œ ํ›„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์™€ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:05
Remember, mischief is simply bad behavior.
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์žฅ๋‚œ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ๋‚˜์œ ํ–‰๋™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
55:08
Mischief, Jeff Mischief in the cityย  of Aurora, a ยฃ400 LB This is the.
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Mischief, Jeff Mischief in the city of Aurora, ยฃ400 LB์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:17
Short form to identify pound a ยฃ400 culprit.
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ํŒŒ์šด๋“œ๋‹น ยฃ400 ๋ฒ”์ธ์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๋Š” ์งง์€ ํ˜•์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:24
Culprit.
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๋ฒ”์ฃ„์ž.
55:25
Well, what or who is a culprit?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฒ”์ธ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
55:28
Well, Fred the Pig is the culprit.
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์Œ, Fred the Pig๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ”์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:33
And a culprit is someone, or in this case,ย  something a pig who has done something wrong.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฒ”์ธ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€, ๋˜๋Š” ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์ž˜๋ชปํ•œ ๋ผ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:42
A ยฃ400 culprit, Fred the Pig has finally beenย  caught loitering outside a shopping center.
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ยฃ400์˜ ๋ฒ”์ธ์ธ Fred the Pig๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์‡ผํ•‘์„ผํ„ฐ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๋‹ค ๋ถ™์žกํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:52
Now in this case, it is still the passive voice,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
55:56
because the culprit who is Fred the pig,ย  is receiving the action and they're not.
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๋ฒ”์ธ์ธ Fred the pig๊ฐ€ ์ž‘์—…์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:04
The story isn't focusing on.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์ค‘๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:06
Who caught Fred the Pig?
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ Fred the Pig๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
56:08
Which is why we don't evenย  know who caught Fred the Pig.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ Fred the Pig๋ฅผ ์žก์•˜๋Š”์ง€์กฐ์ฐจ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:12
And that's why I had to justย  write people or officials.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๋งŒ ์จ์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
56:15
Because that's not the purpose of the story.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:18
The purpose of the story is learningย  about how Fred the Pig was caught.
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์€ ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์žกํ˜”๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:25
A ยฃ400 culprit has finally been caughtย  loitering outside a shopping center.
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ยฃ400์˜ ๋ฒ”์ธ์ด ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์‡ผํ•‘์„ผํ„ฐ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ์–ด์Šฌ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค ๋ถ™์žกํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:32
Let's talk about this verb to loiter.
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loiter๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
56:37
Loiter is the verb.
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Loiter๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
56:38
Notice that pronunciation Oy,ย  oy, loy loiter, loiter, loiter.
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๋ฐœ์Œ Oy, oy, loy loiter, loiter, loiter๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
56:46
Now, when you loiter, you stay in a public place.
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์ด์ œ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต์žฅ์†Œ์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋Š”
56:50
This could be a mall, a restaurant, a schoolย  without an obvious reason to be there.
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์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ, ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘, ํ•™๊ต์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
56:58
Well, what's the obvious reason to be at a mall?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ„๋ช…ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
57:02
To purchase something.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด.
57:04
But oftentimes younger people, andย  maybe older people as well, will go to.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ข…์ข… ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค๋„ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:10
The mall as a form of an activity, butย  they have no intention of buying something.
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์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํ™œ๋™์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋งคํ•  ์˜์‚ฌ๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:17
They don't even have any money, but they'reย  in the mall and they're just staying there.
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๋ˆ๋„ ์—†๋Š”๋ฐ ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
57:23
So they're taking up space.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ์ฐจ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:25
Maybe they're making noise,ย  disturbing people and they'reย ย 
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์†Œ์Œ์„ ๋‚ด๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐย ย ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์‚ฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ
57:28
not actually customers becauseย  they are not buying anything.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—ย ์‹ค์ œ ๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
57:33
So in that case, those people are loitering.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:37
And a lot of public places like malls, schoolsย  will have a sign that says no loitering,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ, ํ•™๊ต์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณต๊ณต ์žฅ์†Œ์—๋Š” ๋ฐฐํšŒ ๊ธˆ์ง€๋ผ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ง€ํŒ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:44
which is telling you unlessย  you're here to buy something.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด ์ด๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:49
I don't want you here and you shouldn't be here,ย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
57:54
which makes sense because you shouldn't go to aย  location unless you plan to buy something, right?
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‚ด ๊ณ„ํš์ด ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์žฅ์†Œ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ง์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
58:03
From the mall's perspective.
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์‡ผํ•‘๋ชฐ์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ.
58:06
Personally, I also go to the mallย  sometimes with friends withoutย ย 
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๊ฐœ์ธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ €๋„ ๊ฐ€๋” ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ
58:11
the intent of buying something,ย  so in that case I am loitering.
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์‡ผํ•‘ํ•  ์ƒ๊ฐ ์—†์ด ๋งˆํŠธ์— ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ด์„œ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๋• ์–ด์Šฌ๋ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:17
But this pig, Fred the Pig, has finally beenย  caught loitering outside a shopping center.
701
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์ด ๋ผ์ง€, Fred the Pig๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์‡ผํ•‘์„ผํ„ฐ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๋‹ค ๋ถ™์žกํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:22
So this looks like, perhapsย  it's the shopping center.
702
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์‡ผํ•‘์„ผํ„ฐ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:26
And obviously he has no reasonย  to be there, so he's loitering.
703
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ณณ์— ์žˆ์„ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์„œ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:31
Fred the Pig was loitering.
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
58:36
All right, let's continue.
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž.
58:37
Officials say Fred, whoย  dodged them for several days.
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ Fred๊ฐ€ ๋ฉฐ์น  ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:43
Let's talk about the verb dodge.
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๋™์‚ฌ dodge์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
58:45
This is a great verb to have in your vocabulary.
708
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:49
When you dodge, dodge, odge.
709
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ํ”ผํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ , ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ , ํ”ผํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
58:54
When you dodge something orย  someone you avoid, you avoid.
710
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
58:59
That something I'll add or someone,ย  because it's very common to dodge someone.
711
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:05
And why do you avoid that something or someone?
712
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ, ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ์š”?
59:09
Usually?
713
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59:09
Because if you get that something or thatย  someone, it will be unpleasant in some way.
714
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๋Œ€๊ฐœ?
์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‚˜ ์ € ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์–ป์œผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:18
So Fred the pig dodged them.
715
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ผ์ง€ Fred๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:23
So in this case, it's officials.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:25
The officials who were trying to catch him.
717
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๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์žก์œผ๋ ค๋˜ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๋“ค.
59:29
Fred the pig dodged.
718
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
59:30
Officials avoided officials.
719
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๊ณต๋ฌด์›์€ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์„ ํ”ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:33
Why?
720
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์™œ?
59:34
Because if the officials caughtย  him, he would be in danger.
721
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์ด ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์žก์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์— ์ฒ˜ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:40
Potentially.
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์ž ์žฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ.
59:41
Of course, that's what the pig would think.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ผ์ง€๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
59:44
Now, this is a very common wordย  that you can use in your speech.
724
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
59:50
For example, I've been dodging myย  boss's phone calls, so this is the.
725
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์† ํ”ผํ•ด์„œ ์™”๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
59:55
Exact same thing as saying I've beenย  avoiding avoiding my boss's phone calls.
726
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์ƒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•ด์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:03
So my phone rings.
727
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์šธ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:04
I look at it, it's my boss,ย  and I press silence or decline.
728
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ , ์นจ๋ฌต์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฑฐ์ ˆ์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:12
Or I just let it ring.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์šธ๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ๋‘์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:14
That's how I dodge my bosses phone calls.
730
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ”ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋‹ค.
60:17
Why would I do that?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ง“์„ ์™œ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์–ด?
60:18
Because if I talk to my boss somethingย  unpleasant is going to happen.
732
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์ƒ์‚ฌ์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:23
Maybe I did a bad job with the report andย  I know my boss is mad about the report,ย ย 
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์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋‚ด ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ƒˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
60:30
so if I pick up that call he's just going to sayย  Jennifer, why did you do that report like that?
734
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ, ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
60:35
And is going to be unpleasant for me,ย  so obviously I want to avoid that.
735
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:42
I want to dodge that.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค.
60:45
Officials say Fred, whoย  dodged them for several days,ย ย 
737
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ๋ฉฐ์น  ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ•œ Fred๊ฐ€
60:49
is always hungry and loves his belly scratches.
738
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”„๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:54
So this is scratch and then his belly.
739
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธํžŒ ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฐฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
60:58
I don't know if you have any pets.
740
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์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ์‹œ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:00
Do you have any pets?
741
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
61:01
So notice, that's how you would ask that.
742
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:04
Do you have any pets?
743
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1760
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
61:06
I'll write this for you.
744
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์“ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:09
Do you have any pets?
745
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
61:10
A very common question to ask and to answer.
746
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๋ฌป๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:14
You can say I have and thenย  whatever your pets are.
747
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
61:18
I have two cats, a dog, a birdย  and a ยฃ400 pig for example.
748
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ, ๊ฐœ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ, ์ƒˆ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ยฃ400์˜ ๋ผ์ง€ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:24
Or you can simply say no I don't.
749
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•ด๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:26
Or you might talk about a pet you had in the past.
750
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ํ‚ค์› ๋˜ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:30
I had a dog, but now I don't have any pets.
751
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์› ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์„ ํ‚ค์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:34
Technically, you don't even need to.
752
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ํ•„์š”์กฐ์ฐจ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:36
Say this because if you said I had aย  dog because this verb is in the past.
753
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
61:42
I know now you don't, but I'm just showingย  you if you wanted to expand on your answer.
754
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์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์‹ค ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์ข€ ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹ ์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ
61:50
So share your answer to thisย  question in the comments below.
755
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์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” .
61:54
Do you have any pets?
756
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
61:57
And this is true for me.
757
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋‹น๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
61:59
I have two cats.
758
3719240
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:01
I have two cats.
759
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:02
What about you?
760
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
62:03
What about you?
761
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880
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
62:04
Share that in the comments below.
762
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์—์„œ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
62:07
Are you enjoying this lesson?
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์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
62:09
If you are, then I.
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๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๋‚˜๋Š”.
62:11
Want to tell you about the finely fluent Academy?
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์œ ์ฐฝํ•œ ์•„์นด๋ฐ๋ฏธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
62:14
This is my premium training program whereย  we study native English speakers from TV,ย ย 
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TV,
62:20
the movies, YouTube, and the news so youย  can improve your listening skills of fastย ย 
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์˜ํ™”, ์œ ํŠœ๋ธŒ, ๋‰ด์Šค ๋“ฑ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ํ•™์Šตํ•˜์—ฌ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ 
62:26
English, expand your vocabulary with naturalย  expressions, and learn advanced grammar easily.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์–ดํœ˜๋ ฅ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ตํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ”„๋ฆฌ๋ฏธ์—„ ํŠธ๋ ˆ์ด๋‹ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:33
Plus, you'll have me.
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:34
As your personal coach.
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๊ฐœ์ธ ์ฝ”์น˜๋กœ์„œ.
62:36
You can look in the.
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์—์„œ ๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:37
Description for the link to learn more Or you canย ย 
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์ž์„ธํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋งํฌ ์„ค๋ช… ๋˜๋Š”
62:40
go to my website and clickย  on Finally Fluent Academy.
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๋‚ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ finally Fluent Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹ํด๋ฆญํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:44
Now let's continue with our lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์žก๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š”
62:47
It took about 8 people andย  five hours to capture him.
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์•ฝ 8๋ช…์ด 5์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:53
Capture is another way ofย  saying catch, capture, catch.
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์บก์ฒ˜๋Š” ์žก๊ธฐ, ์บก์ฒ˜, ์žก๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
62:59
And you can use capture specifically with animals.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์บก์ฒ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:03
They now hope to find hisย  forever home, his forever home.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘, ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:09
So in this case, forever is being used asย  an adjective to describe the type of home.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ง‘์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋กœ forever๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:15
And you see this a lot now when animal sheltersย  are trying to to find homes for their animals.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์—์„œ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:25
They might have these really adorable pictures ofย  a cat, or a puppy, or a pig, apparently, and sayย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด, ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€, ๋ผ์ง€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
63:32
Fred is looking for his forever home, which meansย  that they want someone to adopt Fred permanently.
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Fred๊ฐ€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ Fred๋ฅผ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž…์–‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:44
Notice how adopt is used with animals.
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์ž…์–‘์ด ๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
63:48
You're probably familiar withย  the verb adopt for children.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์–ด๋ฆฐ์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ž…์–‘์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:52
You can adopt A child if you're unable toย ย 
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63:56
have children of your own orย  simply because you want to.
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์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ ์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
63:59
You can adopt A child, butย  you can also adopt A pet.
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์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์ž…์–‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:04
And obviously when you adopt Aย  child is a permanent situation.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ์ž๋…€๋ฅผ ์ž…์–‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:09
So that's why they're using this verb as well,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด ๋™์‚ฌ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:11
'cause they want you to know that when you takeย  dog home with you, that's a permanent situation.
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๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ง‘์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:18
That dog now has his forever home.
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๊ทธ ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์ด์ œ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:23
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
64:24
City officials first became awareย  of Fred on September 24th when theyย ย 
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์‹œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๋“ค์€ 9์›” 24์ผ์—
64:31
received a call about a pig thatย  was tearing up a person's yard.
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ์ฐข๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ Fred์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:36
All right, let's talk aboutย  the phrasal verb to tear up.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, to ์ฐข์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”.
64:41
In this context, tear up means cause damage toย  because they're talking about a person's yard.
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์ด ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์ฐข์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์†์ƒ์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
64:50
A yard is the area in front ofย  one's house or behind one's house,ย ย 
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๋งˆ๋‹น์€ ์ง‘ ์•ž์ด๋‚˜ ์ง‘ ๋’ค,
64:58
where there's grass, trees, flowers.
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ํ’€, ๋‚˜๋ฌด, ๊ฝƒ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:03
That's your yard.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:05
You can have your front yard or yourย  backyard, or you can simply say yard.
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์•ž๋งˆ๋‹น์ด๋‚˜ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๋งˆ๋‹น์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:11
So yard, grass, flowers, trees, bushes, and thenย  if he was tearing it up, maybe he was digging a.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งˆ๋‹น, ํ’€, ๊ฝƒ, ๋‚˜๋ฌด, ๋ค๋ถˆ์„ ์ฐข๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋•…์„ ํŒŒ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ
65:20
He was eating the flower, so he wasย  causing damage to that person's yard.
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์€ ๊ฝƒ์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์— ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:26
Now a tear up can also beย  used with a piece of paper.
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์ด์ œ ์ฐข์–ด์ง์„ ์ข…์ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:29
Right now I'm tearing up this piece of paper.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ์ข…์ด๋ฅผ ์ฐข๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:33
I'm taking a whole piece of paperย  and it's going into smaller pieces,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์ข…์ด ํ•œ ์žฅ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ๋‹ค ๊ฐ€ ๋” ์ž‘์€ ์กฐ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ ์ชผ๊ฐœ์–ด
65:38
so that's to tear up in theย  sense of a piece of paper.
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์ข…์ด ์กฐ๊ฐ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์ฐข์–ด์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:42
Now look at this sentenceย  and notice my pronunciation.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
65:48
First notice is the exact same spelling as we justย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณต์ง€๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ฒ ์ž๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
65:51
saw here for tear up a person'sย  yard or tear up a piece of paper.
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์ฐข์–ด์ง„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น ๋˜๋Š” ์ฐข์–ด์ง„ ์ข…์ด.
65:57
But listen to the pronunciation I.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
65:59
Teared up ear.
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๊ท€๊ฐ€ ์ฐข์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:02
So I wrote it out phonetically for you ear.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ท€์— ๋งž๊ฒŒ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ ์–ด ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:05
So that long E sound I teared up.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ๊ธด E ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์šธ์ปฅํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
66:09
When I watched the sad movie, I teared up.
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์Šฌํ”ˆ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
66:13
Oh, so when you tear up?
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์•„, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฉด?
66:15
You get tears in your eyes.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ˆˆ์—๋Š” ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๊ณ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:19
I tear it up when I watched the sad movie.
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์Šฌํ”ˆ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค.
66:22
I always tear up when I watch sad movies.
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์Šฌํ”ˆ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋Š˜ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค.
66:25
You don't want to watch a sad movieย  with me because I always tear up.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์„ ํ˜๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์Šฌํ”ˆ ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:30
OK, so notice that same exact same phrasal verb,ย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
66:34
but different pronunciationย  and different meanings.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ ๊ณผ ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:37
But the context will make it obvious.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ๋งฅ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:40
It's not possible that tears wereย  produced in this person's yard,ย ย 
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์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์—์„œ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ํ˜๋ €๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์ผ์ธ๋ฐ,
66:46
so it doesn't make senseย  that this would be tear up.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฐข์–ด์ง„๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ง๋„ ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค.
66:50
So it's always the contextย  that will make it obvious.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
66:54
So a pig that was tearing up, causing damageย  to a person's yard, the area in front of theirย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ์ฐข์–ด์ ธ์„œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น,
67:00
house or behind their house with grass,ย  trees, flowers, bushes, shrubs, a fence.
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์ง‘ ์•ž, ์ง‘ ๋’ค์˜ ์ž”๋””, ๋‚˜๋ฌด, ๊ฝƒ, ๊ด€๋ชฉ, ๊ด€๋ชฉ, ์šธํƒ€๋ฆฌ์— ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํ˜”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:06
But when animal officers arrived on theย  scene, they were not able to find him.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™๋ฌผ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ํ˜„์žฅ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:14
More calls came in the next day.
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๋‹ค์Œ๋‚  ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:17
Notice you need.
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ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ณต์ง€ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
67:19
The for next day, the next day.
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๋‹ค์Œ๋‚ , ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ๋‚ .
67:23
Sometimes I see students forgetย  the and they just say next dayย ย 
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๊ฐ€๋” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ
67:26
more calls came in the next day,ย  this time about a pig in traffic.
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๋‚ ์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ด…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๊ตํ†ต ์ฒด์ฆ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:32
So traffic of course, with allย  the cars on the road in traffic.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋„๋กœ ์œ„์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ฐจ๋Ÿ‰์ด ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด์ฆ์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:37
Then another call about a pig thatย  was ruining someone's landscaping.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์กฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ง์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
67:43
Landscaping.
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์กฐ๊ฒฝ.
67:45
Is what you do to a yard to make it beautiful.
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๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
67:50
So landscaping is when you add flowers,ย  a garden, trees in specific areas,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์กฐ๊ฒฝ์ด๋ž€ ๊ฝƒ, ์ •์›, ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์˜ ๋‚˜๋ฌด,
67:58
some decorative rocks and otherย  decor to make your yard beautiful.
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์žฅ์‹์šฉ ๋ฐ”์œ„ ๋ฐ ๊ธฐํƒ€ ์žฅ์‹์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:05
That is called landscaping.
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์กฐ๊ฒฝ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:10
Now, this pig, Fred the pig.
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์ž, ์ด ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:12
Oh, that Fred the pig.
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์•„, ๊ทธ ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ.
68:14
He was ruining to ruin.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
68:17
Ruin is also when you cause damage too.
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ํŒŒ๋ฉธ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํž ๋•Œ๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:21
But if you describe something as ruined,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ง๊ฐ€์กŒ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
68:25
it means that the damage was permanent andย  you can't save it, so it's no longer useful.
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์†์ƒ์ด ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ €์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์“ธ๋ชจ๊ฐ€ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:35
So permanent damage to something soย  tear up to me sounds less severe.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์†์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ฐข์–ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋œ ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:43
The amount of damage is about here,ย  but ruin the amount of damage is here.
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ํ”ผํ•ด๋Ÿ‰์€ ์ด ์ •๋„์ธ๋ฐ, ํŒŒ๋ฉธ ํ”ผํ•ด๋Ÿ‰์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:51
So to cause permanent damage toย  something, I'll write that for you.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์†์ƒ์„ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€์‹  ์ž‘์„ฑํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
68:57
Let's continue.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
68:59
He was then spotted again.
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๊ทธ ํ›„ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:02
When you spot something or someone,ย  it means you identify them.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:10
You identify them by seeing thatย  person or that something visibly.
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๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
69:18
So let's say you're at a conference and thereย  are many, many people, but then all of a sudden.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:24
You spot your colleague?
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๋™๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•˜๋‚˜์š”?
69:27
Oh, I.
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์•„, I.
69:28
Spotted Joan My colleague Joan.
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Joan์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๋™๋ฃŒ Joan์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:31
I spotted Joan.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ์•ˆ์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
69:33
So you were able to identify Joan inย  this large area of many other people.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด ๋„“์€ ์ง€์—ญ์—์„œ Joan์„ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:46
Here's another example with SPOT.
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SPOT์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
69:48
Can you spot the mistake in this report?
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์ด ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์—์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
69:53
So again, can you identify the mistake?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ, ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
69:55
Can you see it?
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๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
69:56
Can you notice it?
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๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
69:57
But the important part is, and I wrote it hereย  for it for you, it's because you're trying to.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์“ด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:04
So I was trying to identify Joan in the crowd.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ตฐ์ค‘ ์†์—์„œ Joan์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:08
I was trying to spot Joan.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์กฐ์•ˆ์„ ์ฐพ์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
70:10
And you're reading a report carefully becauseย  you're trying to identify to spot the mistake.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
70:18
So you're trying to do this.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:21
It's not just things you seeย  because they're around you.
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์ฃผ๋ณ€์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:26
You have to be trying to identify it to use Spot.
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Spot์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์‹๋ณ„์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:30
He was then spotted again threeย  days later on September 27th.
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์ดํ›„ ๊ทธ๋Š” 3 ์ผ ํ›„์ธ 9์›” 27์ผ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:35
So this makes sense because they're trying to seeย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ์ด๋ฅธ ์•„์นจ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ์˜ ์‹ ์›์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
70:39
Notice identify Fred the Pigย  in the early morning hours.
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.
70:45
This time Fred was in a position whereย  he could be captured, captured again.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์— Fred๋Š” ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฒดํฌ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
70:51
Remember, we can use caught, which thisย  article has used quite a lot as well,ย ย 
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์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์—์„œ๋„ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋˜ catch๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
70:56
where he could be captured,ย  caught, Miss Allen said.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ™์žกํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ™์žกํž ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  Miss Allen์€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:02
Still, it was no easy task.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:06
Notice the sentence structure here,ย  because to make this negative,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์ •์–ด๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
71:10
generally we don't just add noย  before something in English.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ ์•ž์— no๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:15
Generally you need an auxiliary verb.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณด์กฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:18
Still, it's wasn't an easy task.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:25
This is the standard wayย  to make something negative.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํ‘œ์ค€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:30
Was not was not an easy task.
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์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:35
And then the contraction of was notย  which native speakers very commonly used.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€
71:41
Is wasn't.
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์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:42
It wasn't an easy task.
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์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:44
This to say, it was no easy task.
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด ์‰ฝ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
71:49
This is an alternative structure thatย  we use mainly to emphasize the negative,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฃผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€์ฒด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
71:57
so I wanna make it sound stronger.
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๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
71:59
If I just say, oh, it wasn't an easy task.
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๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์•„, ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”.
72:03
It was no easy task.
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์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:06
It's more forceful to emphasizeย  that no, it wasn't an easy task.
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:11
It was no easy task.
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์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:15
So you could say maybe learning English wasย  no easy task until I found Jennifer's videos.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์˜ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Jennifer์˜ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€
72:30
Learning English was no easy taskย  until I found Jennifer's videos.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
72:36
And now hopefully it is an easy task.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:40
Was no easy task, was not an easy thing to do.
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์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
72:45
So feel free to put this in the comments if youย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ œ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋„์›€์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด์ œ ์ž‘์—…์ด ๋” ์‰ฌ์›Œ์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”
72:47
agree that now it's easier becauseย  you have my lessons to help you.
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.
72:52
And by putting this in the comments,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด
72:54
you're practicing this alternative sentenceย  structure, so put that in the comments.
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์ด ๋Œ€์ฒด ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๋„ฃ์œผ์„ธ์š”. ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์ „๊นŒ์ง€
73:00
Learning English was no easyย  task until I found Jennifer.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹˜์˜
73:05
'S videos.
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๋™์˜์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:06
All right, let's continue.
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž.
73:10
He was, he just wasn't ready to giveย  up his holiday of running around theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
73:17
city and eating what he wanted to eat, she said.
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๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน๋Š” ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:21
So of course the he is Fred the Pig,ย  and this is talking about the factย ย 
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋Š” Fred the Pig์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
73:26
how he didn't want to be captured,ย  caught, and it was no easy task.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์žกํžˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ , ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:33
Well, and remember, before theย  pig, Fred the pig was dodging,ย ย 
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ผ์ง€ Fred๊ฐ€ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
73:38
was dodging them, which madeย  it no easy task to capture him.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์žก๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:45
Dodge is a void now.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹ท์ง€๋Š” ๋ฌดํšจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:48
Why?
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์™œ?
73:49
Because he wasn't ready to.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
73:51
Give up his holiday.
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๊ทธ์˜ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
73:55
This is a useful phrasalย  verb to give something up.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:00
In this case, the something is his holidayย  and when you give something up you simply.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ํœด๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:05
Stop doing it.
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๊ทธ๋งŒํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
74:06
You stop doing the something orย  you stop using the something.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:11
So a lot of people use thisย  when they quit smoking.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋Š์„ ๋•Œ ์ด ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:14
Oh, I need to give up smoking.
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์•„, ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋Š์–ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
74:17
I need to stop smoking.
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๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋Š์–ด์•ผ ํ•ด์š”.
74:20
Stop doing the activity or using the activity.
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ํ™œ๋™์„ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
74:25
So in this case, stop his holiday.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ์˜ ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
74:28
He wasn't ready to give up hisย  holiday of running around theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ
74:33
city and eating what he wanted to eat, she said.
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๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน๋Š” ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:36
Of course, he wasn't ready to give it up.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:39
After he was captured, staffย  affectionately gave him the name Fred.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ฒดํฌ๋œ ํ›„ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ Fred๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋‹ค์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์–ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
74:45
So when you do something affectionately,ย  you do it with love, love, friendliness,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ž‘, ์• ์ •, ์นœ๊ทผํ•จ,
74:55
oh, admiration and affectionately.
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์•„, ๊ฐํƒ„, ๋‹ค์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:01
This is an adverb and.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:03
It modifies the verb gave him the name becauseย  at the beginning the story sounded like, oh,ย ย 
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์ฒ˜์Œ์—๋Š” ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ '์•„,
75:11
this pig is causing damage, this pig isย  ruining yards, this pig is loitering.
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์ด ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํžˆ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ์ด ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ๋ง์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ์ด ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค'์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ ธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ถ™์ธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:19
So these negative things about the pig, butย  the staff feel affection towards the pig,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๋ผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์• ์ •์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ธฐ
75:26
so they affectionately gave him the nameย  Fred to show that they're not mad at the pig.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ผ์ง€์—๊ฒŒ ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹ค์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ์ง€์–ด์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:33
They are they feel friendlinessย  or love towards the pig.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์นœ๊ทผ๊ฐ์ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์„ ๋Š๋‚๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:38
So the staff affectionately gaveย  him the name Fred and he has beenย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋‹ค์ •ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€์–ด์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ
75:43
staying at the Aurora Animal Shelter ever since.
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์ดํ›„๋กœ ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:48
So because this isn't in theย  present perfect continuous vertens,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ๋ฒ ๋ฅดํ…์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
75:53
I know the pig is still there now.
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๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
75:56
The pig, Fred, the pig is still at theย  Aurora Animal Shelter now, Miss Allen said.
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์•จ๋Ÿฐ ์–‘์€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:04
He is an unusual addition toย  the shelter animal shelter.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์— ์ด๋ก€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:08
This is an area where they they care forย  abandoned pets or pets without homes.
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๋ฒ„๋ ค์ง„ ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๋™๋ฌผ์ด๋‚˜ ์ง‘์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ ค๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:15
They call that a shelter to the shelter,ย  which more commonly houses cats and dogs.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ ๋Œ€ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์™€ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:21
Of course, they don't get manyย  pigs at animal shelters in cities.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋„์‹œ์˜ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ํ‚ค์šฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:27
Of course, staff are not sure how heย  ended up on the streets of Aurora.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:35
When you end up to use the phrasal verb,ย ย 
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๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด
76:38
it talks about your your finalย  state or your final decision.
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์ตœ์ข… ์ƒํƒœ ๋˜๋Š” ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ์ •์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:45
So he's on the streets of Aurora, but they haveย  no idea how that became his final location.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ์˜ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ์žฅ์†Œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€๋Š” ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
76:54
How did he get there?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
76:56
How did he end up there?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ”๋‚˜์š”?
76:59
So you can use that.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:01
This is a very common phrasal verb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:03
For example, I might say I endedย  ended up staying home last night.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:12
This implies that my final decision or actionย  was to stay home, but because I used ended up.
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์ด๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ตœ์ข… ๊ฒฐ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™์ด ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌด๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—๋Š” ๋๋‚ฌ์Œ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:22
It implies that I was considering otherย  options, but I ended up staying home.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ต์…˜์„ ๊ณ ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:29
So this was out of all theย  option options I was considering.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋ คํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ์˜ต์…˜ ์˜ต์…˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
77:34
This is my final option.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์„ ํƒ์ด๋‹ค.
77:37
I ended up staying home last night.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค์— ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๋ €๋‹ค.
77:42
I ended up adopting.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ์ž…์–‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋์–ด์š”.
77:47
A pig named Fred, which I don't think I'llย  end up doing, but I guess it's a possibility,ย ย 
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Fred๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์˜ ๋ผ์ง€. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ์—” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
77:55
'cause I do love animals, but I don'tย  think I can take Fred home for his forever.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Fred๋ฅผ ์˜์›ํžˆ ์ง‘์— ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:00
Home staff are not sure how heย  ended up on the streets of Aurora,ย ย 
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ํ™ˆ ์ง์›์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์˜ค๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€,
78:05
how that became his final position.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ์˜ ์ตœ์ข… ์ง์ฑ…์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:08
They have speculated that heย  may have been a backyard pet.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์˜ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:12
Remember I explained backyard already?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
78:16
A backyard pet that.
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๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:18
Grew to be a much bigger size than expected.
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์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฐ ๊ทœ๋ชจ๋กœ ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:22
You're probably wonderingย  about the verb speculate.
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์ถ”์ธก์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹ค ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:28
It has the same meaning as the verb guess.
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๋™์‚ฌ ์ถ”์ธก๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
78:31
When you guess an answer, forย  example, it means you're notย ย 
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๋‹ต์„ ์ถ”์ธกํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
78:36
100% certain what the correct answerย  is, but you're just going to guess.
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์ •๋‹ต์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ 100% ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ถ”์ธก๋งŒ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:43
So when you speculate, you don't know 100% whatย  the answer is, but you're just you're guessing.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹ต์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ 100% ์•Œ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”
78:51
You're using the information thatย  you have to provide an explanation,ย ย 
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ 
78:56
but you're not 100% certain.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ 100% ํ™•์‹คํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
78:59
So they're guessing that he was a backyardย  pet that grew to be much bigger than expected,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ž€ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น์˜ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜๊ณ 
79:05
but they're not 100% sure if this is correct.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งž๋Š”์ง€๋Š” 100% ํ™•์‹ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:09
They probably got him as a little piglet.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์€ ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๋ผ์ง€๋กœ ์žก์•˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:12
So a baby pig is called a piglet,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์•„๊ธฐ ๋ผ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋ผ๋ผ์ง€(piglet)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š”๋ฐ, ์•„๊ธฐ
79:16
Baby pig, just like a baby cat isย  a kitten, a baby dog is a puppy.
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๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ์•„๊ธฐ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด , ์•„๊ธฐ ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฐ•์•„์ง€์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ์š”.
79:22
So this is a baby pig isย  a piglet, a little piglet.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ด ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๋ผ์ง€๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋ผ๋ผ์ง€, ์ž‘์€ ์ƒˆ๋ผ๋ผ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:27
And he just continued to grow.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:29
Miss Allen said nobody has claimed Fred, soย  this means nobody has said Fred is my pig.
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Miss Allen์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ Fred๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ Fred๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ๋ผ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:38
If someone said Fred is my pig,ย  then that person claimed Fred.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ Fred๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด ๋ผ์ง€๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ Fred๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:46
But unfortunately nobody has said thatย  and he seems to like his new home for now.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๋กœ์„œ๋Š” ์ƒˆ ์ง‘์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
79:51
But staff are hoping to find a farm for him whereย  he can play and be at ease, at ease, At ease.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋†์žฅ์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:00
You need the preposition at.
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์ „์น˜์‚ฌ at์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:03
This would be another way ofย  saying be relaxed, relaxed.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€๋‹ค, ๊ธด์žฅ์„ ํ’€๋‹ค๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ํŽธ
80:08
If you're at ease it means you're relaxed.
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ํ•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ํŽธํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
80:11
There's no tension.
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๊ธด์žฅ๊ฐ์ด ์—†์–ด์š”.
80:13
And they're looking for a farm that can be.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ๋†์žฅ์„ ์ฐพ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:17
Remember the expression we we learned as well.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์› ๋˜ ํ‘œํ˜„๋„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
80:20
That can be his forever home.
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๊ทธ๊ณณ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:23
His forever home.
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๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘.
80:25
I don't know about you, but I love animal stories.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–จ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”.
80:29
I love animals.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:30
I always tear up when I hear about animals.
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์ €๋Š” ๋™๋ฌผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ˆˆ๋ฌผ์ด ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:32
So let's all say in the comments,ย  good luck Fred, good luck Fred.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋นŒ์–ด์š” Fred, ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋นŒ์–ด์š” Fred๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
80:37
And hopefully Fred will find his forever home.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  Fred๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:40
So put Good luck Fred in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— Fred์—๊ฒŒ ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋นŒ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
80:45
And that was the end of the article.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:46
So what I'll do now is I'll readย  the article from start to finishย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๊ณ 
80:50
and this time you can focus on my pronunciation.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:53
So let's do that now.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
80:55
Fred, the pig caught after Mischief rampage.
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์žฅ๋‚œ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚ ๋›ฐ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์žกํžŒ ๋ผ์ง€ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ.
81:00
After numerous complaints ofย  mischief in the city of Aurora,ย ย 
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์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ์‹œ์—์„œ ์žฅ๋‚œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ˆ˜๋งŽ์€ ์‹ ๊ณ ๊ฐ€ ์ ‘์ˆ˜๋œ ํ›„,
81:04
a ยฃ400 culprit has finally been caughtย  loitering outside a shopping center.
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๋งˆ์นจ๋‚ด ์‡ผํ•‘์„ผํ„ฐ ๋ฐ–์—์„œ ๋ฐฐํšŒํ•˜๋˜ ยฃ400์˜ ๋ฒ”์ธ์ด ์ฒดํฌ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
81:10
Officials say Fred, whoย  dodged them for several days,ย ย 
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ๋“ค์€ ๋ฉฐ์น  ๋™์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ”ผํ•œ Fred๊ฐ€
81:13
is always hungry and loves his belly scratches.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”„๊ณ  ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ธํžˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์žก๋Š” ๋ฐ๋Š”
81:18
It took about 8 people andย  five hours to capture him.
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์•ฝ 8๋ช…์ด 5์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:22
They now hope to find his forever home.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์˜์›ํ•œ ์ง‘์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:25
City officials first became awareย  of Fred on September 24th when theyย ย 
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์‹œ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๋“ค์€ 9์›” 24์ผ์—
81:30
received a call about a pig thatย  was tearing up a person's yard.
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๋ผ์ง€ ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ๋งˆ๋‹น์„ ์ฐข๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ์ฒ˜์Œ์œผ๋กœ Fred์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:34
But when animal officers arrived on theย  scene, they were not able to find him.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋™๋ฌผ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์ด ํ˜„์žฅ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:40
More calls came in the next day,ย  this time about a pig in traffic.
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๋‹ค์Œ๋‚  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์™”๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๊ตํ†ต์ฒด์ฆ์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:45
Then another call about a pig thatย  was ruining someone's landscaping.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ค ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ์กฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ง์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ผ์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
81:50
He was then spotted again three days laterย  on September 27th in the early morning hours.
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๊ทธ๋Š” 3์ผ ํ›„์ธ 9์›” 27์ผ ์ด๋ฅธ ์•„์นจ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ชฉ๊ฒฉ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
81:56
This time Fred was in a position whereย  he could be captured, Miss Allen said.
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์ด๋ฒˆ์—๋Š” Fred๊ฐ€ ์ฒดํฌ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์œ„์น˜์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  Allen ์–‘์€ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:02
Still, it was no easy task.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„ ์‰ฌ์šด ์ผ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:06
He just wasn't ready to give up his holiday ofย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์•„์ง ๋„์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ๋จน๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์Œ์‹์„ ๋จน๋Š” ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํฌ๊ธฐํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
82:09
running around the city andย  eating what he wanted to.
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.
82:11
Eat, she said.
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๋จน์–ด๋ผ, ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
82:13
After he was captured, staffย  affectionately gave him theย ย 
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์ฒดํฌ๋œ ํ›„ ์ง์›๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ํ”„๋ ˆ๋“œ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ
82:16
name Fred, and he has been staying atย  the Aurora Animal Shelter ever since.
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์ดํ›„๋กœ ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ๋™๋ฌผ ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:23
Miss Allen said he is an unusual addition to theย  shelter, which more commonly houses cats and dogs.
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Miss Allen์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด์™€ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ณดํ˜ธ์†Œ์— ์ด๋ก€์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:30
Staff are not sure how he endedย  up on the streets of Aurora.
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์ง์›์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋กœ๋ผ ๊ฑฐ๋ฆฌ์— ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์‹ ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
82:34
They have speculated that heย  may have been a backyard petย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€
82:38
that grew to be a much bigger size than expected.
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์˜ˆ์ƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ํฌ๊ฒŒ ์ž๋ž€ ๋’ท๋งˆ๋‹น ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ถ”์ธกํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:42
They probably got him as a little piglet andย  he just continued to grow, Miss Allen said.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์€ ์ƒˆ๋ผ ๋ผ์ง€๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์„ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  Miss Allen์ด ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:49
Nobody has claimed Fred yet and heย  seems to like his new home for now,ย ย 
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์•„์ง ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋„ Fred์˜ ์†Œ์œ ๊ถŒ์„ ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์œผ๋ฉฐ ํ˜„์žฌ๋กœ์„œ๋Š” ์ƒˆ ์ง‘์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
82:54
but staff are hoping to find a farm forย  him where he can play and be at ease.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง์›์€ Fred๊ฐ€ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋†์žฅ์„ ์ฐพ์•„์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
83:01
Amazing job with that article.
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๊ทธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ๋†€๋ž๋„ค์š”.
83:03
Now feel free to hit pause, take a break, go getย  a cup of coffee or tea, review the vocabulary youย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ผ์‹œ ์ค‘์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ํœด์‹์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ  ์ปคํ”ผ๋‚˜ ์ฐจ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ 
83:11
just learned, and when you're ready, hit playย  and we'll continue on with the next article.
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๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋ฉด ์žฌ์ƒ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:18
Pet perks tempt staff back into the workplace.
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์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ ํŠนํ˜œ๋Š” ์ง์›๋“ค์„ ์ง์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:23
There's already some great vocabulary in thisย  headline right here, for example, the word perk.
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์ด ํ—ค๋“œ๋ผ์ธ์—๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์–ดํœ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค( ์˜ˆ: ํŠน๊ถŒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด).
83:30
Do you know what a perk is?
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ํŠนํ˜œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
83:33
A perk.
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ํŠน์ „.
83:34
This is a noun and it's anย  advantage or something extra.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ์žฅ์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:39
This can be money or goods.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๊ฑด์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:41
And you're given because of your job.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ง์—… ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:43
So of course you get yourย  salary, but perks are additional.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๊ธ‰์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ํ˜œํƒ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:49
For example, I could say if Iย  want to recruit you to work.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ฑ„์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
83:54
For my company, I could say ourย  company offers amazing perks.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:01
Now what are those perks?
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ ํŠนํ˜œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
84:02
Free lunch.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ ์‹ฌ ์‹์‚ฌ.
84:04
So you get your salary, your paycheck,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์›”๊ธ‰๊ณผ ์›”๊ธ‰์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉฐ
84:07
but you also get free lunches,ย  so that will save you money.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ ์‹ฌ๋„ ์ œ๊ณต๋ฐ›์œผ ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ˆ์ด ์ ˆ์•ฝ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:10
So it's like you're getting paid more.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์›”๊ธ‰์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ›๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
84:13
Free lunches, free gym memberships,ย  and free language classes.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ ์‹ฌ, ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€ ๋ฉค๋ฒ„์‹ญ, ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์–ธ์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์ œ๊ณต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ •๋ง
84:19
Those are some amazing perks, right?
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๋†€๋ผ์šด ํŠน๊ถŒ์ด๊ตฐ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
84:23
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
84:25
Do you get any perks from your company?
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๋ฐ›๋‚˜์š”?
84:28
If you do, share some examples in the chat below.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์•„๋ž˜ ์ฑ„ํŒ…์—์„œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
84:32
OK, so pet perks.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ ํŠน์ „์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
84:34
So these are perks related to pets.
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์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ํŠนํ˜œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:39
Pet perks tempt staff back into the office.
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์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ ํŠนํ˜œ๋Š” ์ง์›๋“ค์„ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ถˆ๋Ÿฌ๋“ค์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:44
So let's take a look at this tempt.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด ์œ ํ˜น์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:47
This is a verb tempt and this means toย  make someone want to have or do something.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ ํ˜นํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
84:56
So in our specific topic.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์ œ์—์„œ.
84:59
We're talking about wanting the staff,ย  the employees to come back to the office,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ
85:06
so to not work at home and toย  work physically in the office.
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์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ ๋ฌผ๋ฆฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:12
So how are they going to tempt you?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ ํ˜นํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
85:15
How are they going to make you want to?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์›ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”?
85:18
It's another way of saying convince temptย ย 
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์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋‹ค ์œ ํ˜นํ•˜๋‹ค์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:20
you convince you make you want toย  well they can offer you some perks.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋” ์„ค๋“ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:26
And in this case, some pet.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:30
Do you have any pets?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์• ์™„ ๋™๋ฌผ์„ํ•ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
85:32
Do you think pet perks would be a good wayย  to tempt someone to come into the office?
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์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ ํŠนํ˜œ๊ฐ€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋„๋ก ์œ ํ˜นํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
85:39
Let's continue on with our article, Mr.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:42
Griffin who, I assume is this man in theย  picture with these two adorable dogs?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•€ ์”จ, ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ฐœ ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์ง„ ์†์˜ ์ด ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ผ๊นŒ์š”?
85:49
Mr.
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85:49
Griffin, who is head of IT for marketingย  agency Rise at Seven, turns up at its.
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๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ๋Œ€ํ–‰์‚ฌ Rise at Seven์˜ IT ์ฑ…์ž„์ž์ธ Mr. Griffin์ด ๊ทธ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
85:57
Sheffield headquarters with hisย  furry friends, Jesse and Oscar.
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ํ„ธ๋ณต์ˆญ์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ธ ์ œ์‹œ์™€ ์˜ค์Šค์นด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์…ฐํ•„๋“œ ๋ณธ๋ถ€.
86:02
So furry friends.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ„ธ๋ณต์ˆญ์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค.
86:04
This is a cute and casualย  way of saying the word pet.
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์ด๋Š” ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ท€์—ฝ๊ณ  ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:10
So you could say I have pets, I have two pets,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:15
I have two furry friends andย  those are your pets, of course.
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๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ช…์˜ ํ„ธ๋ณต์ˆญ์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:22
So I'll write that here.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์“ฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:24
Pets.
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์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ.
86:25
And the names of his dogs are Jesse and Oscar.
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๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฐœ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์ œ์‹œ(Jesse)์™€ ์˜ค์Šค์นด(Oscar)์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:30
I don't know which one is which.
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:34
OK, now let's take a look at this.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:36
He turns up at its Sheffield headquarters.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์…ฐํ•„๋“œ ๋ณธ์‚ฌ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:41
So a headquarter is the main office of A.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ณธ์‚ฌ๋Š” A์˜ ๋ณธ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:46
A company, for example, Google'sย  headquarter, is in California.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด Google์˜ ๋ณธ์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์บ˜๋ฆฌํฌ๋‹ˆ์•„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:53
I don't know if that is true or not.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:55
It's just an example.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์˜ˆ์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
86:57
So this company's headquarters is in Sheffield.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ณธ์‚ฌ๋Š” ์…ฐํ•„๋“œ์— ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
87:01
I don't know where that is.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
87:04
Now he turns up at its Sheffield headquarters.
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์…ฐํ•„๋“œ ๋ณธ์‚ฌ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:08
The location of the office turns up.
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์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ์œ„์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:12
This is another way of saying arrive.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋„์ฐฉ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:15
It's a casual way, but a very common way,ย  and the verb turn up is a phrasal verb.
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์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด๋ฉฐ, ๋™์‚ฌ Turn up์€ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:23
This is very commonly used.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:26
For example, what time did youย  turn up at the party last night?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๋ช‡ ์‹œ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ•˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
87:34
What time did you turn up?
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๋ช‡ ์‹œ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฌ์–ด์š”?
87:37
You can use this in more casual situations,ย ย 
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์ข€ ๋” ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜
87:41
but here they're using it inย  a more professional situation.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ข€ ๋” ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:45
But this is a more casual, informal article.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข€ ๋” ์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•˜๊ณ  ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:49
This isn't a scholarly articleย  or an academic article,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•™์ˆ  ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ํ•™์ˆ  ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
87:54
so that's why they're using thisย  casual phrasal verb turn up.
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์บ์ฃผ์–ผํ•œ ๊ตฌ๋™์‚ฌ Turn up์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
87:58
Let's continue on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
88:00
Rise allowing dogs.
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๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ƒ์Šน.
88:02
Remember his company is called Rise at 7:00,ย ย 
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๊ทธ์˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ Rise at 7:00
88:05
so they're just shortening itย  to Rise Rise allowing dogs.
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์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” Rise Rise๋กœ ์ค„์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:10
The company allowing dogs in the office hasย ย 
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์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š”
88:14
meant that I've been able toย  take both my collies collies.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:19
This is a type of dog, soย  this is the breed, the breed.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐœ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ํ’ˆ์ข…, ํ’ˆ์ข…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:25
So we use that specific word breed.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๋‹จ์–ด ํ’ˆ์ข…์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:30
Breed of dog.
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๊ฐœ ํ’ˆ์ข….
88:33
And that means the type of dog.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐœ์˜ ์ข…๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:36
And here the breed is collies,ย  which is actually short for.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ’ˆ์ข…์€ ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:42
What are they?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?
88:43
I believe they're Border Collies.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ณด๋”์ฝœ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:46
Border Collies is the long name, and thenย  people just commonly call them collies.
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๋ณด๋” ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธด ์ด๋ฆ„์ด๊ณ  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ”ํžˆ ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
88:54
So I just googled it to make sure and yesย  the breed is border collie but I spelledย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•ด ๋ดค๋Š”๋ฐ ์˜ˆ ํ’ˆ์ข…์ด ๋ณด๋” ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ์ธ๋ฐ ์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€
89:01
it wrong so I need to correct that andย  notice border collie dog breed and thenย ย 
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ํ‹€๋ ธ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณด๋” ์ฝœ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐœ ํ’ˆ์ข…์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ธ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ด ํ’ˆ์ข…์—
89:07
you can look at the different pictures forย  this breed or find out more information.
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๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ณด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:13
So I just corrected the spelling here.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ฒ ์ž๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:16
Now what's your favorite breed of dog?
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ ํ’ˆ์ข…์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
89:19
I really love Labs, which is short for.
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์ €๋Š” Labs๋ฅผ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์š”. ์ค„์ž„๋ง์ด์ฃ .
89:23
Labrador Retriever, but everybody justย  calls them the short form, which is labs.
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๋ž˜๋ธŒ๋ผ๋„ ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋ฆฌ๋ฒ„์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋“ค ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ Labs๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด์ฃ .
89:28
What's your favorite breed of dog?
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐœ ํ’ˆ์ข…์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
89:30
Feel free to share.
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์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
89:31
That in the comments.
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๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:32
OK, so here this man, Mr.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ,
89:38
Griffin.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•€ ์”จ.
89:39
He can take his two dogs, Jesse andย  Oscar into the office so that hisย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๊ฐœ ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ Jesse์™€ Oscar๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ 
89:47
company allowing him to do that, that is a perk.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠน๊ถŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:52
So here I could say our cough.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์นจ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
89:54
Our company offers amazing perks likeย  you can bring your dog into the office.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ํ˜œํƒ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:03
That is an example of a perk for this company.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ํŠน๊ถŒ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:07
Let's continue on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
90:09
They get to meet new people.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:11
In this case the they is the dogs.
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์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:15
They get to meet new people,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ ,
90:18
have new experiences and I get to spendย  more time in work with my colleagues.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:26
So there's some benefits for the dogs.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐœ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
90:28
They get to socialize, meet new peopleย  and there's some benefits for him, Mr.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๊ต ํ™œ๋™์„ ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ  , Mr. Griffin์—๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
90:34
Griffin, which is he gets to.
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.
90:37
Interact with his colleagues.
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๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ต๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
90:39
He gets to work with his colleagues.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค.
90:43
So do you think bringing a petย  into the office is a good idea?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
90:49
Is that a good perk?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ํŠน๊ถŒ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
90:51
Would that tempt using our vocabulary?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ํ˜น์ ์ผ๊นŒ์š”? ํ„ธ๋ณต์ˆญ์ด
90:54
Would that tempt you to return to work if youย  were allowed to bring your furry friend your pet?
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์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ค๋„๋ก ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์œ ํ˜น์„ ๋Š๋ผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
91:03
OK, let's continue on.
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž.
91:05
It's a complete win win situation.
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์™„์ „ํ•œ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:08
Now, I already explained what the win win is.
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์ž, ์ด๋ฏธ ์œˆ์œˆ(Win Win)์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:12
Remember he listed some benefits for the dogs.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ์—๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์ ์„ ๋‚˜์—ดํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
91:16
The dogs win.
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๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:17
They get to socialize.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๊ต๋ฅผํ•˜๊ฒŒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:19
He wins because he gets to work withย  his colleagues and the company winsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ , ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š”
91:25
because the company has the employees atย  work, which is what the company wants.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ง์žฅ์— ์ง์›์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
91:31
So it's a win win.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์Šน๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:33
Everybody gets what they want.
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:35
So this is a good expression to have,ย  especially when both parties have an advantage.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์–‘์ธก ๋ชจ๋‘์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์ ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ข‹์€ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:42
It's a win, win.
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์Šน๋ฆฌ์•ผ, ์Šน๋ฆฌ์•ผ.
91:43
It's a win, win situation.
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์Šน๋ฆฌ, ์Šน๋ฆฌ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:46
I like this as far as I'm concerned.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•œ๋‹ค.
91:48
This is a great way to express an opinion.
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์ด๋Š” ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ํ‘œํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
91:52
Let me share an opinion as far as I'mย  concerned and then you can list your opinion.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๊ธฐ์žฌํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:02
Perks are a great way to temptย  people to return to work.
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ํ˜œํƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง์žฅ์— ๋ณต๊ท€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:12
To return to in person work, of courseย  in person work as far as I'm concerned.
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๋Œ€๋ฉด ์—…๋ฌด๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ ค๋ฉด ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ ๋Œ€๋ฉด ์—…๋ฌด๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:20
And then this is simply my opinion.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋‚ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:25
Now you can put our expression at the beginning orย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ๋„ฃ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
92:30
you can add it at the end soย  you can state your opinion.
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๋์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:35
Perks are a great way to temptย  people to return to in person work.
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ํ˜œํƒ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ง์ ‘ ์—…๋ฌด์— ๋ณต๊ท€ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:41
As far as I'm concerned, andย  then you can just add it.
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์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:44
So you can add it at the beginning or at the end.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด๋‚˜ ๋ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
92:48
So feel free to practice sharingย  your opinion related to perks.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ํ˜œํƒ๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
92:52
Or pet perks in the commentsย  and use this expression.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ ํŠน์ „์„ ๊ธฐ์žฌ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ
92:57
As far as notice we have our verb to be.
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๊นŒ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:00
I'm concerned.
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๋‚˜ ๊ฑฑ์ • ๋˜.
93:01
So if you were going to talk about aย  group opinion, you could say as farย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ง‘๋‹จ ์˜๊ฒฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
93:06
as we're concerned, as far as he's concerned, Mr.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ•œ, ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ•œ
93:10
Griffin, right as far as I'm concerned.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•€ ์”จ, ๋‚˜์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํ•œ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:13
So don't forget your verb to be andย  to conjugate that, let's continue on.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ be๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ™œ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:19
Like millions of other people, Mr.
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์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
93:22
Griffin got his dogs during the pandemic.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌํ•€ ์”จ๋„ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:26
Did you get any pets during the pandemic?
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
93:29
Actually, I did.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:30
I got a cat during the pandemic andย  then I got a second cat a year later.
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์› ๊ณ  1๋…„ ํ›„์— ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:37
So now I have two cats.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด ๋‘ ๋งˆ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
93:39
But bringing cats into the office isย  not a good perk, because cats are not.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๋ฐ๋ ค์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ข‹์€ ํŠน๊ถŒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:47
Meant to go into the office.
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์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
93:48
They wouldn't enjoy that at all.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:52
OK with most of us.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
93:54
Home working, home working.
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์žฌํƒ๊ทผ๋ฌด, ์žฌํƒ๊ทผ๋ฌด.
93:57
To be honest, I don't see it written like this.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์“ด ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:01
When I saw this home working,ย  I thought of doing homework.
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์ด ์ง‘์ด ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ๊ฒ ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:06
This is not an expression I commonly see.
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์ด๊ฑด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ณด๋Š” ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:10
What I commonly see is working from home.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ”ํžˆ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žฌํƒ๊ทผ๋ฌด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:16
Working from home now thisย  is an article from the BBC,ย ย 
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Working from home now ์ด ๊ธ€์€ BBC์˜ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
94:21
so perhaps this expression homeworkingย  is common in British English.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„ homeworking์€ ์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ํ”ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:26
I don't know if that is true orย  not, but in American English,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋Š”
94:30
honestly I have never seen homeworking.
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์†”์งํžˆ ๋งํ•ด์„œ ์ˆ™์ œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์–ด์š”.
94:33
I thought doing homework for me, I would say withย  most of us working from home, working from home.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:42
So if you.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด.
94:43
Are learning American English.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:46
I would recommend using working from homeย  with most of us working from home at the time.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žฌํƒ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์žฌํƒ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
94:54
As a result of lockdowns,ย  there was a huge surge surge.
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๋ด‰์‡„ ์กฐ์น˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ ๊ธ‰์ฆ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:00
Surge is an increase and when you sayย ย 
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๊ธ‰์ฆ์€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€์ด๋ฉฐ,
95:04
surge it generally representsย  a sudden a quick increase and.
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๊ธ‰์ฆ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ‘์ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:10
A a big increase, an increase quickly and inย  the amount of the increase is quite large.
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ํฐ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ฆ๊ฐ€, ์ฆ๊ฐ€๋Ÿ‰๋„ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:19
So it would go from 10 to 80 in two hours.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์•ˆ์— 10์—์„œ 80์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:25
That would be a surge.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธ‰์ฆ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:27
We see this a lot with gas prices, right?
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ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜„์ƒ์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ ?
95:31
Gas prices have increased quickly, butย  the amount of the increase is a lot.
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ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์˜ฌ๋ž์ง€๋งŒ, ์ธ์ƒ๋œ ๊ธˆ์•ก์ด ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€
95:39
It didn't just increase by a couple cents, itย  increased by a couple dollars increase, so.
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๋ช‡ ์„ผํŠธ๋งŒ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚œ ๊ฒŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ, ๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋งŒ ๋Š˜์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ์š”.
95:47
Gas prices have surged.
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ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ธ‰๋“ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:51
Gas prices have surged.
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ํœ˜๋ฐœ์œ  ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๊ธ‰๋“ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
95:55
There was a huge surge in pet ownership, soย  during the pandemic many people bought pets.
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์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ธ‰์ฆํ•˜์—ฌ ํŒฌ ๋ฐ๋ฏน ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:04
So the amount of people buyingย  pets increased quickly and theย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ์„ ๊ตฌ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
96:09
number was quite large as peopleย  wanted increased companionship.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋™๋ฐ˜์ž ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๊ทธ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:15
Companionship while having dogs in the workplaceย  is likely to remain a rarity, a rarity.
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์ง์žฅ์—์„œ ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ๋™๋ฐ˜์ž ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํฌ๊ท€ํ•œ ์ผ๋กœ ๋‚จ์„ ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:24
A rarity.
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ํฌ๊ท€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:25
This comes from the adverb of frequency.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋นˆ๋„์˜ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:29
Rare rarely, which means notย  not a lot, not frequently.
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๋“œ๋ฌผ๊ฒŒ ๋“œ๋ฌผ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์€ ๋งŽ์ง€๋„ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ž์ฃผ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:40
So they're saying that dogs in theย  workplace is not going to be common.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ง์žฅ์— ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ํ”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๊ณ ์š”.
96:46
It's going to be a rarity,ย  something that doesn't happen a lot.
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ํ”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย ์ž์ฃผ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:53
This example is part of a wider trend.
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์ด ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋” ๋„“์€ ์ถ”์„ธ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
96:56
Companies introducing new incentives.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์—….
96:59
An incentive could be a perk.
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์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋Š” ํŠน๊ถŒ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:02
An incentive is just something to tryย  to get you to do something specific.
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์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ํŠน์ • ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์œ ๋„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:08
And a perk is a type of incentive.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํŠน์ „์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:13
So a perk is a type of incentive to try to makeย  staff happier to come into the office more often.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠน์ „์€ ์ง์›์ด ๋” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๋” ์ž์ฃผ ์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:21
Job search engine.
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์ง์—… ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ ์—”์ง„.
97:22
AD zuna.
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AD ์ฃผ๋‚˜.
97:24
I'm not familiar with this site.
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:26
Adzuna says that the number of adverts.
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Adzuna๋Š” ๊ด‘๊ณ ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:32
This is another difference, probably betweenย  British English and American English.
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์ด๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์˜๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์™€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:37
We don't say adverts in Americanย  English, we just say ads.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋Š” ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:43
The number of ads which isย  short for advertisement.
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๊ด‘๊ณ (Advertisement)์˜ ์•ฝ์–ด๋กœ ๊ด‘๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
97:48
Advertisement So we just takeย  ad from that advertisement.
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๊ด‘๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ๊ด‘๊ณ ์—์„œ ๊ด‘๊ณ ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Office Perks
97:53
The number of ads that highlight inย  Office Perks has now more than doubled,ย ย 
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์—์„œ ๊ฐ•์กฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ด‘๊ณ ์˜ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์ด์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์œผ
98:00
so we could probably see has surged hasย  surged since before the start of the pandemic.
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๋ฏ€๋กœ ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ธ‰์ฆํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:10
So now people are searching for in officeย  perks as part of their job search criteria.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด์ œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๊ตฌ์ง ๊ธฐ์ค€์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๊ฒ€์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:20
They want perks the.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํŠน์ „์„ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:23
Increase incentives range fromย  free exercise and language classes.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์šด๋™ ๋ฐ ์–ดํ•™ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ํ™•๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:28
That would be a great perk for you, right ifย  your company offered free English training.
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๊ท€ํ•˜ ์˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์˜์–ด ๊ต์œก์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ํฐ ํ˜œํƒ์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:34
To complementary food and subsidized childcare.
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๋ณด์™„ ์‹ํ’ˆ๊ณผ ๋ณด์œก ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:39
OK, so they range from 2 from 2.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š” 2๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 2๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
98:43
When you use the word range from, you're going toย ย 
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๋ฒ”์œ„๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
98:47
have one end from this to this andย  you're going to have a range, right?
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ํ•œ์ชฝ ๋์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฒ”์œ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
98:55
So you could say our prices range fromย  $100.00, so that is the lowest price.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š” $100.00์ด๋ฉฐ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ตœ์ € ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:03
To $500.
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$500๊นŒ์ง€. ์—์„œ
99:06
That's the range of the prices from to.
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๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ ๋ฒ”์œ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:10
Let me write that for you.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์“ฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:12
Our prices range from $100 to $500.00.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์€ $100์—์„œ $500.00๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:20
So here they use range from to.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ~๊นŒ์ง€์˜ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:24
Now notice this word.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์— ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
99:25
Complimentary food, complimentary food.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์Œ์‹, ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์Œ์‹.
99:30
What does that mean?
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์—์š”?
99:32
It means free.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:34
It's just another way of sayingย  free, free food subsidized.
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ, ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์Œ์‹ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์„ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:41
If your childcare is subsidized, it is not freeย  because that would probably be very expensive.
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๋ณด์œก์— ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์ด ์ง€์›๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋น„์šฉ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
99:49
It is not free, but it is reduced, so the.
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ถ•์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ.
99:54
The cost is reduced, which means likely theย  employer will pay some of the child care.
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๋น„์šฉ์ด ์ ˆ๊ฐ๋˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ณ ์šฉ์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์œก ๋น„์šฉ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์ด ๋†’์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:03
But.
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100:03
You.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ.
๋„ˆ.
100:04
Still have to pay the majority of theย  child care that would be subsidized.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋ณด์œก ๋น„์šฉ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์ง€๋ถˆํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
100:09
So in this case it's reduced but complimentary.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ถ•์†Œ๋˜์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:12
That means free.
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์ฆ‰, ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:14
Let's continue on.
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
100:16
Employees aren't in a rush to return to theย  office, which means they're not doing it quickly.
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์ง์›๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋ณต๊ท€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ๋‘๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ฆ‰, ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋ณต๊ท€ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:25
Because if you're in a rush,ย  it means you're moving quickly.
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์„œ๋‘๋ฅด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์›€์ง์ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:30
So rush moving quickly, but notice theyย  are not in a rush to return to the office.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„œ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ ์„œ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ ์›€์ง์ด๋˜ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„œ๋‘๋ฅด์ง€๋Š” ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‘์„ธ์š”.
100:38
So what about you?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
100:39
Are you in a rush to return to the office or no?
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์„œ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹ ๊ฐ€์š”? ์›๊ฒฉ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด
100:43
After enjoying the improved work lifeย  balance that came from remote working.
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ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์ผ๊ณผ ์‚ถ์˜ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฐ ํ›„ .
100:49
Remote working, of course, is anotherย  way of saying working from home.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์›๊ฒฉ ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋Š” ์žฌํƒ ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
100:55
But remote is a broader category because homeย  I'm home right now, I'm working from home.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์›๊ฒฉ์€ ๋” ๋„“์€ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ์žฌํƒ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:03
But if I were in a hotel room in anotherย  city, but I was recording this lesson,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์‹œ์˜ ํ˜ธํ…” ๋ฐฉ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋…น์Œํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
101:10
I'm not technically working from home becauseย  I don't live in that hotel in a different city,ย ย 
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๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„์‹œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ˜ธํ…”์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:16
but I am working remotely, so workingย  from home is a category of remote work,ย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์›๊ฒฉ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง‘์€ ์›๊ฒฉ ๊ทผ๋ฌด์˜ ํ•œ ๋ฒ”์ฃผ๋ผ๊ณ 
101:26
says Paul Lewis, chiefย  marketing officer at at Zuna.
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Zuna์˜ ์ตœ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ์ฑ…์ž„์ž์ธ Paul Lewis๋Š” ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:30
As a result, companies are desperate to findย  new and unique ways to lure employees back.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์—…์€ ์ง์›์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์œ ์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ  ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:38
Lure is another way ofย  saying tempt, tempt to tempt.
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Lure๋Š” ์œ ํ˜นํ•˜๋‹ค, ์œ ํ˜นํ•˜๋‹ค๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
101:46
The definitions are slightlyย  different between temps and lure,ย ย 
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temps์™€ lure์˜ ์ •์˜๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด์ง€๋งŒ
101:50
but they have the same overall meaning.
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์ „๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
101:53
To lure is to persuade someone toย  do to do something or go somewhere.
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์œ ํ˜นํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:00
To persuade someone is to try to convince someone,ย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋“ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
102:03
to try to get someone to do something or to goย  somewhere, usually by offering them something.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์‹œํ‚ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์ œ์•ˆํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ๋ง์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:11
Hey, if you come to the restaurantย  with me, I'll buy you lunch.
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์•ผ, ๋„ˆ ๋‚˜๋ž‘ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‹๋‹น์— ์˜ค๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ ์‹ฌ ์‚ฌ์ค„๊ฒŒ.
102:18
I'm trying to lure you to the restaurant with me.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ธํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:21
I'm trying to tempt you toย  come to the restaurant with me.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ ˆ์Šคํ† ๋ž‘์— ๊ฐ€์ž๊ณ  ์œ ํ˜นํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:27
So they're very similar.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:29
Tempt to me is more common because honestly when Iย ย 
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์œ ํ˜น์„ ๋Š๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์†”์งํžˆ
102:37
hear lure we generally use itย  in a more negative situation.
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์œ ํ˜น์„ ๋“ค์„ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
102:43
For example, the man lured theย  child into the into his van andย ย 
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ ๋‚จ์ž๋Š” ์•„์ด๋ฅผ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐด์œผ๋กœ ์œ ์ธํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
102:51
then obviously something negative happened, right?
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๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์ฃ ?
102:54
So.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ.
102:55
When I hear lure, there's usually a negativeย  result as that person is persuaded to goย ย 
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๋ฏธ๋ผ๋ผ๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์„ค๋“ํ•ด์„œ
103:04
somewhere or do something, or the scammerย  lured me in and then stole all my money.
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์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ญ”๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ์‚ฌ๊ธฐ๊พผ์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ ํ˜นํ•ด์„œ ๋‚ด ๋ˆ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ํ›”์ณ๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋“ฑ ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:13
So although the meanings are generally the same.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋™์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:18
I specifically hear temptย  more in negative context,ย ย 
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์ €๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ ์œ ํ˜น์„ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ณ ,
103:24
use more when the result is negative andย  in the news often the result can be veryย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ผ ๋•Œ ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‰ด์Šค์—์„œ ์ข…์ข… ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(
103:31
negative, talking about murderย  or death for example, but tempt.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์‚ด์ธ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฃฝ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์œ ํ˜นํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค).
103:37
Is generally more neutral.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋” ์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:39
I don't hear it specifically used in negative,ย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:43
and when I hear the word tempt I don'tย  think instantly of negative news stories.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ํ˜น์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ๋•Œ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋‰ด์Šค ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ฆ‰์‹œ ์ƒ๊ฐ๋‚˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:48
So because of that, I wouldย  probably just use the word tempt.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์œ ํ˜น์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
103:55
At central london-based financialย  planning firm First Wealth.
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋ณธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘” ๊ธˆ์œต ๊ธฐํš ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ First Wealth์—์„œ ๊ทผ๋ฌดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:00
Oh, that was a mouthful.
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์•„, ํ•œ ์ž…์ด์—ˆ์–ด.
104:02
So at the company First Wealth and this is justย  information about the where are they located.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ First Wealth๋ผ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋””์— ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:09
They're located in central London.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ถ€์— ์œ„์น˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:12
That's where they're based.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘” ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:13
Based is another word for located.
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๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์€ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:16
We're a Canadian based company.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ๋ณธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:19
We're a North American based company.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ๋ฏธ์— ๋ณธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:24
We're a central london-based company.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋ณธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:27
And then well what type of company?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
104:30
A financial planning firm.
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์žฌ๋ฌด์„ค๊ณ„ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:33
Firm is just another word for company,ย  commonly used with financial services,ย ย 
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ผ ๋ฟ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธˆ์œต ์„œ๋น„์Šค,
104:40
lawyers, very specific companies.
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๋ณ€ํ˜ธ์‚ฌ, ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:43
But it's just another word for company.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ง์ผ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:45
At central london-based financial planning firmย  First Wealth, that's a mouthful at the company,ย ย 
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋ณธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘” ์žฌ๋ฌด ๊ณ„ํš ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ First Wealth์—์„œ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ํ•œ ์ž…์— ๋‹ค๋‹ค๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:52
First Wealth workers are beingย  tempted back again, tempted back.
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First Wealth ์ง์›์€ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์œ ํ˜น์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
104:59
So they are trying toย  convince them to do something,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:06
attempt to convince someone to do something.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋„๋ก ์„ค๋“ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:14
Back via free sessions at a nearby gym.
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๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์„ธ์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:17
So this is the perk.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํŠน์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:20
The free sessions at a nearby gym.
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๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์„ธ์…˜์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:24
This is a perk.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠน์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:26
An example of a perk.
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ํŠนํ˜œ์˜ ์˜ˆ.
105:29
Let me write this here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์“ฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:31
Perk.
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์—ฌ๊ณผ๊ธฐ.
105:32
This is a perk.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠน์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
105:35
I wrote it as a full sentenceย  because this is a noun.
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์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
105:39
So I want you to see that as the singular noun.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋ณด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:42
You need the article.
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๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:44
This is a perk.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠน์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:47
But of course with plural nouns we don't useย  the article, so I could say these are perks.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ณต์ˆ˜ ๋ช…์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ๊ด€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํŠนํ˜œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:54
Now of course this is just one perk, so weย  need more than one, but I'm just showing you.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ํ˜œํƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
105:59
Grammatically we don't need that article here, butย  because this is singular, we need that article.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ด€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹จ์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ด€์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:07
So how about this as a perk?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์ด๊ฑธ ํŠน์ „์œผ๋กœ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
106:09
Would this tempt you to go back to theย  office if you got free sessions at a gym?
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์ฒด์œก๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์„ธ์…˜์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์œ ํ˜น์„ ๋Š๋ผ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
106:17
So free gym membership, beautyย  treatments are another incentiveย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€ ํšŒ์›๊ถŒ, ๋ทฐํ‹ฐ ํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋จผํŠธ๋Š”
106:22
that companies are booking to get theirย  staff excited about coming into the office.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:28
So this is another perk.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŠน๊ถŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:32
This is a perk.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํŠน์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:34
Is a perk and the perk is beauty treatments.
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ํŠน์ „์ด๊ณ  ํŠน์ „์€ ๋ฏธ์šฉ ์น˜๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:38
That's an interesting one.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์ด๋„ค์š”.
106:40
I can't imagine what kind ofย  beauty treatments you would get.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๋ฏธ์šฉ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋ ์ง€ ์ƒ์ƒ์ด ์•ˆ ๊ฐ€๋„ค์š”.
106:44
I guess it's not in the office.
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์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—๋Š” ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
106:46
It could be after work on your lunch break,ย ย 
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ํ‡ด๊ทผ ํ›„ ์ ์‹ฌ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
106:49
you could go get a manicure orย  a pedicure or whatever you want.
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๋งค๋‹ˆํ์–ด๋‚˜ ํŽ˜๋””ํ์–ด ๋“ฑ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:54
So beauty treatments are another.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฏธ์šฉ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:56
You could just say are another perk.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํŠน๊ถŒ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
106:58
They're using the word incentive, remember.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
107:01
Perk is a type of incentive.
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Perk์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:06
Beauty treatments are another perkย  that companies are booking to getย ย 
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๋ฏธ์šฉ ์น˜๋ฃŒ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ
107:10
their staff excited about coming into the office.
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์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜œํƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:14
So you could also say that companies areย  booking to tempt their staff into the office.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ์—…์ด ์ง์›์„ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋Œ์–ด๋“ค์ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ˆ์•ฝ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:28
Tempt their staff into the officeย  and that's the end of the article.
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์ง์›์„ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:35
So now what I'll do is I'll go to the top andย  I'll read the article from start to finish andย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๋งจ ์œ„๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ์ฝ๊ณ 
107:41
you can follow along with my pronunciation,ย  pet perks, temp staff back into the office.
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๋‚ด ๋ฐœ์Œ, ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ ํŠน์ „, ์ž„์‹œ ์ง์›์„ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:49
Mr.
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107:49
Griffin, who is head of IT forย  marketing agency RISE at 7:00.
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7์‹œ์— ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ๋Œ€ํ–‰์‚ฌ RISE์˜ IT ์ฑ…์ž„์ž์ธ Mr. Griffin์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
107:54
Turns up at its Sheffield headquarters withย  his furry friends, Jesse and Oscar Rise.
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ํ„ธ๋ณต์ˆญ์ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์ธ ์ œ์‹œ(Jesse), ์˜ค์Šค์นด ๋ผ์ด์ฆˆ(Oscar Rise)์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์…ฐํ•„๋“œ ๋ณธ์‚ฌ์— ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:00
Allowing dogs in the office has meant that I'veย  been able to take both my colleagues in, he says.
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์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ฃŒ ๋‘ ๋ช…์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋ฐ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:07
They get to meet new people, have new experiences,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜๊ณ , ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ,
108:11
and I get to spend more timeย  in work with my colleagues.
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์ €๋Š” ๋™๋ฃŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋Š” ํ•œ
108:14
It's a complete win win situationย  as far as I'm concerned.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์œˆ์œˆ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
108:19
Like millions of other people, Mr.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ๋ช…์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
108:21
Griffin got his dogs during the pandemic,ย  with most of us home working at the time.
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Griffin ์”จ๋„ ๋Œ€์œ ํ–‰ ์ค‘์— ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์› ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:27
As a result of lockdowns,ย ย 
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๋ด‰์‡„ ์กฐ์น˜๋กœ ์ธํ•ด
108:29
there was a huge surge in pet ownershipย  as people wanted increased companionship.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋™๋ฐ˜์ž ๊ด€๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ์• ์™„๋™๋ฌผ ์†Œ์œ ๊ฐ€ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๊ธ‰์ฆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:35
While having dogs in the workplaceย  is likely to remain a rarity,ย ย 
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์ง์žฅ์— ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ํ‚ค์šฐ๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋“œ๋ฌผ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ,
108:40
this example is part of a wider trend.
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์ด ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋” ๋„“์€ ์ถ”์„ธ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:43
Companies introducing newย  incentives to try to makeย ย 
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108:46
staff happier to come into the office more often.
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์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ๋” ์ž์ฃผ ์ถœ๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ๋„์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
108:50
Job search engine Azuna says that theย  number of adverts that highlight inย ย 
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๊ตฌ์ง ์—”์ง„์ธ Azuna์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค ํ˜œํƒ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ด‘๊ณ  ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€
108:56
office perks has now more than doubledย  since before the start of the pandemic.
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ์‹œ์ž‘๋˜๊ธฐ ์ „๋ณด๋‹ค ์ด์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฐฐ ์ด์ƒ ๋Š˜์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:02
The increase incentives range fromย  free exercise and language classesย ย 
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์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ ๋ฒ”์œ„๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์šด๋™ ๋ฐ ์–ธ์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
109:07
to complementary food and subsidized healthcare.
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๋ณด์™„ ์‹ํ’ˆ ๋ฐ ์˜๋ฃŒ ๋ณด์กฐ๊ธˆ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Edzuna์˜ ์ตœ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ผ€ํŒ… ์ฑ…์ž„์ž์ธ Paul Lewis๋Š”
109:11
Employees aren't in a rush to return to theย  office after enjoying the improved work lifeย ย 
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์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์›๊ฒฉ ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ–ฅ์ƒ๋œ ์ง์žฅ ์ƒํ™œ ๊ท ํ˜•์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์„œ๋‘˜๋Ÿฌ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ๋ณต๊ท€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ 
109:17
balance that came from remote working, saysย  Paul Lewis, chief marketing officer at Edzuna.
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๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
109:24
As a result, companies areย  desperate to find new andย ย 
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐ์—…์€
109:27
unique ways to lure employees back to the office.
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์ง์›์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค๋กœ ์œ ์ธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กญ๊ณ  ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ฐพ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•„์‚ฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:31
At central london-based financialย  planning firm First Wealth,ย ย 
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๋Ÿฐ๋˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ๋ถ€์— ๋ณธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘” ๊ธˆ์œต ๊ณ„ํš ํšŒ์‚ฌ์ธ First Wealth์—์„œ๋Š”
109:35
Workers are being tempted backย  via free sessions at a nearby gym.
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์ง์›๋“ค์ด ๊ทผ์ฒ˜ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์—์„œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ์„ธ์…˜์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์œ ํ˜น์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:40
Beauty treatments are another incentiveย  that companies are booking to get theirย ย 
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๋ฏธ์šฉ ํŠธ๋ฆฌํŠธ๋จผํŠธ๋Š” ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ
109:45
staff excited about coming into the office.
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์ง์›๋“ค์ด ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์— ์ถœ๊ทผํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ฆ๊ฒ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜ˆ์•ฝํ•˜๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ธ์„ผํ‹ฐ๋ธŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:49
Now I want you to keep improvingย  your English with this lesson.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
109:53
And if you haven't already, make sureย  you go to my website and get this freeย ย 
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์•„์ง ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ œ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜์…”์„œ ์ด ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ
109:57
speaking guide to help you speakย  English fluently and confidently.
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๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
110:01
You can click the link right here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
110:03
So get started with your next lesson right now.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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