Can YOU Pass This English Grammar Test?

8,710 views ใƒป 2024-05-07

JForrest English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hello, my smart students.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:02
Did you know that native speakersย  make grammar mistakes just like you?
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
00:08
Well, today I have a very advanced test for you,ย ย 
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
because you're going to identify theย  grammar mistake in these common sentences.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์˜ค๋ฅ˜๋ฅผ ์‹๋ณ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
And these are sentences that native speakers say.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
That's right.
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00:23
You're going to correct the grammarย  mistakes that native speakers commonly make.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ํ”ํžˆ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:28
I know you can do it.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•ด๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:30
And if you can complete this test,ย  then you're definitely fluent.
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์ด ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๋ฅผ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์œ ์ฐฝํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
Of course.
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๋ฌผ๋ก .
00:37
I'm Jennifer.
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00:37
Now let's get started.
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์ €๋Š” ์ œ๋‹ˆํผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
Sentence one between you and I.
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๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ.
00:41
The project needs more attention.
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
Now remember, in eachย  sentence there is one mistake.
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์ด์ œ ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
00:50
Do you know what the mistake is?
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:52
The mistake is between you and I.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
I is the mistake because itย  should say between you and me.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
And yes, this is a real mistakeย  that native speakers commonly make.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ํ”ํžˆ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
Between is a preposition and youย  need an object pronoun you, me,ย ย 
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Between์€ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ด๊ณ  ๋ชฉ์ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ you, me,
01:14
him, her, not a subject pronoun I, you, ** *** it.
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Him, her๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ I, you, ** *** it์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:21
Let's see a sentence that uses a subjectย  pronoun I and an object pronoun me.
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์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ I์™€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ me๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
I want to tell you something,ย  the subject doing the action.
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ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฃผ์ฒด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
I want to tell you something, butย  please keep it between you and me.
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋งŒ ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆ์™€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋‹ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ
01:39
You can also say keep it betweenย  us because you plus me equals us.
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์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋‘๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:44
Keep it between you and me.
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๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:47
Now this sounds like I wantย  to share a secret with you.
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„๊ณผ ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
We have an expression in English.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ํ‘œํ˜„์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:53
I won't spill the beans, which means Iย  won't share your secret with other people.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ๋ˆ„์„คํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:00
I won't reveal your secret,ย  so keep it between you and me.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์— ๋น„๋ฐ€์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
02:05
And you can say I won't spill theย  beans, so put that in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ํ˜๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
02:09
I won't spill the beans.
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์ฝฉ์„ ํ˜๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:11
So the correct sentence, ofย  course, is between you and me.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
The project needs more attention.
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ์—๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
Sentence two.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ 2.
02:19
If I was you, I'd quit.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€์„ ํ…๋ฐ.
02:22
What is the mistake?
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:24
Can you see it?
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๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
02:26
The mistake is was.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์•ผ
02:28
It should be were.
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ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
02:31
This is because the sentenceย  is in the second conditional,ย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ฌธ์— ์†ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฉฐ,
02:35
which we use for hypothetical unreal situations.
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์ด๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ƒ์˜ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
If I were you, this is unreal because I am not youย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
02:47
and it's impossible for me to becomeย  you, so it's hypothetical unreal.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ€์„ค์  ๋น„ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
Now in this structure, the 2nd conditional allย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์„œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ถ€ ๋ชจ๋“ 
02:57
subjects use were if I were you,ย  if he were you, if we were you.
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์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” if I was you, if he was you, if we was you์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
Keep in mind that native speakersย  commonly don't follow this rule.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์„ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์— ์œ ์˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:10
Say if I was you, but if you're takingย  your IELTS, or if you're in any formalย ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด, IELTS๋ฅผ ์น˜๋ฅด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ
03:17
English situation, the grammar rule is wereย  for all subjects in the second conditional.
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์˜์–ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์กฐ๊ฑด๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
So the correct sentence is If I were you I'd quit.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ '๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋งŒ๋’€์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค'์ด๋‹ค.
03:30
Now this structure isย  commonly used to give advice.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:34
So if your friend says, oh, I really needย  to improve my English, what should I do?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ '์•„, ๋‚˜ ์ •๋ง ์˜์–ด ์‹ค๋ ฅ์„ ํ–ฅ์ƒํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
03:41
You can say if I were you I'd I wouldย  I'd subscribe to Jay Forest English.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š” Jay Forest English๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
What about you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
03:49
Do you agree with that advice?
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๊ทธ ์กฐ์–ธ์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
03:50
If you do put me too, me too.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜๋„ ๋„ฃ์œผ๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค.
03:53
I would also subscribe to Jayย  Forest English put me too.
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์ €๋„ Jay Forest English๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
Me too.
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03:58
Put that in the comments and of courseย  subscribe if you haven't already.
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์ €๋„์š”.
๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ์ ์–ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ณ  ์•„์ง ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ
04:02
How are you doing so far?
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๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์„ธ์š”?
04:04
Our next sentence.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
I'm not sure whom I should speak with.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
There is one mistake.
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ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
What is it?
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04:11
Do you know?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:13
The mistake is with whom.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์™€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:15
It should be who.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
Whom is used as the object andย  who is used as the subject.
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”์ง€.
04:23
Did you know that many nativeย  speakers mistakenly think that whomย ย 
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๋งŽ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ฅผ
04:29
is the formal version of who, and they use it toย  sound more professional, to sound more formal.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์˜ ๊ฒฉ์‹์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์œผ๋กœ ์ž˜๋ชป ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์ข€ ๋” ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๊ฒฉ์‹ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
04:38
But this is incorrect.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
There are specific times grammatically when youย ย 
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ
04:44
need to use who as the subject andย  you need to use whom as the object.
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who๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ , who๋ฅผ ๋ชฉ์ ์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
Just think about this.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
04:51
If the question didn't include,ย  I'm not sure it would be.
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ํฌํ•จ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉดย ํฌํ•จ ๋ ์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
Who should I speak with?
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์™€ ํ†ตํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
04:59
This sentence begins with theย  subject, our next sentence.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ธ ์ฃผ์ œ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:03
Each of the candidates have pros and cons.
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๊ฐ ํ›„๋ณด์ž์—๋Š” ์žฅ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
What's the mistake?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์•ผ?
05:10
The mistake is have.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
It should be has.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
This subject in this sentenceย  is each which is singular.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์ด ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:20
This subject is not candidates, which is plural.
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์ด ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ํ›„๋ณด๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
You could say the candidates, which is they.
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ํ›„๋ณด์ž๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
The candidates have pros and cons.
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ํ›„๋ณด์ž์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์žฅ์ ๊ณผ ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:31
That's correct.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:33
But when you start with each of each ofย  the candidates, it represents the subject.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฐ ํ›„๋ณด์ž๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:39
He or she has pros and cons.
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๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์žฅ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
What about this one?
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋•Œ?
05:45
The candidates each have or has pros and cons.
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ํ›„๋ณด์ž๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์žฅ๋‹จ์ ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:50
What do you think?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋‚˜์š”?
05:51
What do you need have or hasย  you need have The candidates?
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ํ›„๋ณด์ž๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:57
They each have pros and cons.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์žฅ๋‹จ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
So remember, each of plus plural is the subject,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ์ฃผ์–ด์ด๊ณ ,
06:07
he or she, but plural plusย  each, the subject is they.
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๊ทธ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์€ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:15
Our next sentence.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
A mistake I always made when I was a kid.
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์–ด๋ฆด ๋•Œ ๋Š˜ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์‹ค์ˆ˜.
06:21
Me and Vanessa are going to the concert.
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๋‚˜์™€ Vanessa๋Š” ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ์— ๊ฐˆ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด์—์š”.
06:24
What's the mistake?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์•ผ?
06:26
The mistake is with me.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
It should be I.
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I์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ž์„œ ๋…ผ์˜ํ•œ
06:31
You need a subject pronoun I, not an objectย  pronoun which we discussed before me.
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๋ชฉ์ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ I๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
You need a subject pronoun to start theย  sentence and notice with the subject Iย ย 
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ฃผ์ œ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ฃผ์ œ I
06:45
it's not I and Vanessa, which Iย  also commonly hear students say.
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it's not I and Vanessa๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ”ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
A native speaker would not sayย  that, but students commonly do.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์ง€ ๋งŒ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€ ํ”ํžˆ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:55
I and Vanessa.
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๋‚˜์™€ ๋ฐ”๋„ค์‚ฌ.
06:56
No, it's always Vanessa and I,ย  My mom, my dad, my sister, and I.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, ํ•ญ์ƒ Vanessa์™€ ๋‚˜, ์—„๋งˆ, ์•„๋น , ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:03
No matter who your subjects are, I comes last.
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๋Œ€์ƒ์ด ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋“ ์ง€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งจ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
The correct sentence, of course, isย  Vanessa and I are going to the concert.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ Vanessa์™€ I are Going to the Concert์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:14
Sentence six.
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์—ฌ์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ.
07:16
I see this one all the time.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ณธ๋‹ค.
07:18
You better meet the deadline.
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๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:20
What's the mistake?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์•ผ?
07:22
You better, You had better.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
The structure is subject plusย  had plus better plus bass verb.
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๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด + had + better + ๋ฒ ์ด์Šค ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
And this is used to provideย  advice and recommendations.
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์ด๋Š” ์กฐ์–ธ๊ณผ ๊ถŒ์žฅ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
Native speakers make this mistakeย  because in spoken English, a nativeย ย 
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๊ตฌ์–ด์—์„œ
07:41
speaker always uses the contractionย  you had you'd you'd you'd better.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:49
But the D is so soft that nativeย  speakers we forget it's there.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ D๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ D๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
So when we write, we write what we say, and itย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์“ฐ๋Š”๋ฐ,
07:59
sounds like you better becauseย  the contraction is so soft.
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์ˆ˜์ถ•์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์„œ ๋” ์ž˜ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
08:04
You'd better so when spoken English,ย  you don't hear it, but it's required.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์ง€๋งŒ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
Grammatically.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ.
08:11
Without the contraction, youย  had better meet the deadline.
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์ˆ˜์ถ•์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์„ ์ง€ํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
With the contraction, you'dย  better meet the deadline.
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์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋งˆ๊ฐ์ผ์„ ๋งž์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:18
Our next sentence, another very commonย  mistake that native speakers make.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งค์šฐ ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
You should have called What's the mistake of?
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์ „ํ™”ํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์žˆ์–ด์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:29
Should be have.
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.
08:31
This structure is subject plus shouldย  plus have plus past participle,ย ย 
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์ด ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด + should + have + ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ด๋ฉฐ,
08:38
and this is used to provide adviceย  in the past, but it's unrealizedย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ,
08:43
advice because it's impossible for you toย  take the advice because it's in the past.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ถˆ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹คํ˜„๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์กฐ์–ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
Again, native speakers commonly make this mistakeย  because in spoken English we take should haveย ย 
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ํ”ํžˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด์—์„œ should have๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๊ณ 
08:57
and we combine them together and it soundsย  like shoulda you shoulda you shoulda called.
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์ด๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉด shoulda you shoulda you shoulda call์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:04
And we forget that the ah is have.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ah๊ฐ€ have๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
It's not of because aw soundsย  closer to of but it's not of.
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aw๊ฐ€ of์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— of๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ of๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:14
It's have you shoulda called?
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์ „ํ™”ํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ?
09:16
You should have called.
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์ „ํ™”ํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ.
09:18
So if your friend is upset and says,ย  oh I got a low score on my IELTS,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์„œ '์•„, ๋‚˜ IELTS ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ์•˜์–ด'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด,
09:26
you can say to your friendย  you should have subscribed.
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์นœ๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ–ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
You should have subscribed to Jay Forest English.
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Jay Forest English๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์…”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
Of course this isn't very helpful advice becauseย  your friend can't do anything about it now.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์นœ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋ณ„๋กœ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์กฐ์–ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:39
It's in the past, but maybe theyย  can take that advice for the future.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ผ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
So if you agree with that putย  That's right, That's right.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๊ทธ ๋ง์— ๋™์˜ํ•˜์‹ ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
Subscribe.
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๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋‹ค.
09:48
And the next time you take yourย  ielts you'll get a high score.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์•„์ด์—˜์ธ  ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์น˜๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:52
But that's right in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋Œ“๊ธ€์— ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋„ค์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ
09:54
How are you doing so far?
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๊นŒ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ง€๋‚ด์„ธ์š”?
09:56
Remember, native speakers make all theseย  mistakes, so you're learning a lot.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ์€ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
10:01
Our next sentence, the team,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
10:03
including the coach and star players,ย  we're ready for the championship match.
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์ฝ”์น˜์™€ ์Šคํƒ€ ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ํŒ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฑ”ํ”ผ์–ธ์‹ญ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:09
What's the mistake here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:11
The mistake is were were should be, was.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
Do you know why?
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์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์•„์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
10:19
It's because the subject is the team, whichย  is a collective noun, is conjugated as it.
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์ง‘ํ•ฉ๋ช…์‚ฌ์ธ ํŒ€์ด ์ฃผ์–ด๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค.
10:27
This subject is not the noun closest toย  the verb, which is the player's plural.
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์ด ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ด์–ด์˜ ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜• ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:35
They remember that information betweenย  2 commas is additional information.
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์‰ผํ‘œ 2๊ฐœ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ •๋ณด๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ผ๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‰ผํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ œ์™ธํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ
10:42
It doesn't affect the grammar ofย  the sentence outside of the commas.
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์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:47
And as I said, team is a collectiveย  noun is conjugated as it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ํŒ€์€ ์ง‘ํ•ฉ ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋กœ ํ™œ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
So of course the correct sentence isย  the team, including the coach and starย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ ์ฝ”์น˜์™€ ์Šคํƒ€
10:59
players, was the team was readyย  for the championship match.
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์„ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•œ ํŒ€์ด ์ฑ”ํ”ผ์–ธ์‹ญ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:06
Now if the subject was the team, the coachย  and the star players, then of course thatย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํŒ€, ์ฝ”์น˜ ๋ฐ ์Šคํƒ€ ์„ ์ˆ˜๋ผ๋ฉด ๋‹น์—ฐํžˆ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:14
would be were because the subject is theyย  they were ready for the championship match.
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์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ฑ”ํ”ผ์–ธ์‹ญ ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ค€๋น„ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:21
Sentence 9.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ 9.
11:22
This is a good one.
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์ข‹์€ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
She's always coming to work late.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ ์ถœ๊ทผํ•ด์š”.
11:27
What's the mistake here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:29
Native speakers commonly say this.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ํ”ํžˆ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:33
The mistake is she's coming.
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์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์˜จ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:36
This is the present continuous.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
It should be.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ํ•ด์•ผํ•œ๋‹ค.
11:39
She comes because we have always, which is aย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์˜จ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
11:45
keyword for the present simple becauseย  it's a routine action for some reason.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๋กœ๋“  ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌํ˜•์˜ ํ‚ค์›Œ๋“œ์ด๋‹ค.
11:52
I don't know why native speakers commonly use theย ย 
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์™œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด
11:56
present continuous specifically withย  unwanted behaviors that are routine.
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์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ์›์น˜ ์•Š๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
For example, he's always criticizing me.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋น„๋‚œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
So to criticize, that's an unwantedย  behavior, It's a negative behavior.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ๋น„ํŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑด ๋ฐ”๋žŒ์งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ํ–‰๋™์ด๊ณ , ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ด์—์š”.
12:15
Perhaps it sounds more dramatic to say he's alwaysย  criticizing me instead of he always criticizes me.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋น„๋‚œํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋น„ํŒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋” ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:24
Now, even though native speakers doย  this, it does break the grammar rule.
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์ด์ œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์–ด๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:29
So for your ILS or any formal situations,ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ILS ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณต์‹์ ์ธ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋นˆ๋„
12:33
you should use the present simple with adverbsย  of frequency, like always your last sentence.
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:41
Are you ready for it?
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์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
12:43
The report doesn't addressย  the timeline nor the budget.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
What's the mistake?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์•ผ?
12:51
I hear this one a lot from native speakers.
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:54
What's the mistake?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์‹ค์ˆ˜์•ผ? ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์–ด์•ผ
12:56
Nor should be or.
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ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
Remember, when a negative introduces theย  first point, use or for the second point.
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๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์š”์ ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์š”์ ์— ๋˜๋Š”๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
13:07
The report doesn't address a negative introduces.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:12
The first point doesn't addressย  the timeline or the budget.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:19
When the first point is neither plus positive,ย  then you use nor for the second point.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ ์ด ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–‘์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ ์— or๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:27
The report neither addresses.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ๋Š” ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:31
Here addresses is positive.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ฃผ์†Œ๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
The report neither addressesย  the timeline nor the budget.
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๋ณด๊ณ ์„œ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ์ •์ด๋‚˜ ์˜ˆ์‚ฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:40
Native speakers commonly assumeย  that NOR is used for all negatives,ย ย 
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์ •๋ฌธ์— NOR์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •
13:45
but that's not the grammar rule.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
And I've heard from some nativeย  speakers that they think nor isย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ๋ถ€ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์€
13:52
the formal, more professional version of OR.
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OR์˜ ๊ณต์‹์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๋ฒ„์ „์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:56
But that's not true.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:58
You did it, you made it through the lessonย  and you corrected all of these mistakes.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ•ด๋ƒˆ๊ณ , ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ํ•ด๋ƒˆ๊ณ , ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
Well, maybe you didn't correct all of them.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์–ด์ฉŒ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ˆ˜์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
So share your score in the comments.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
14:09
And even if you got a low score, thinkย  of everything that you learned and nowย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ ์ˆ˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฎ๋”๋ผ๋„ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์ด์ œ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์ด ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š”
14:14
you are going to correct these commonย  mistakes that native speakers did.
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ํ”ํ•œ ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋กœ์žก๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:19
You like this lesson?
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
14:20
Do you want me to make moreย  lessons where I quiz you?
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋” ์ง„ํ–‰ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
14:23
If you do put let's go, let's go cuz you'reย  ready to go put let's go in the comments.
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๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”. ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”. ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ์œผ๋‹ˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”. ๋Œ“๊ธ€๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
14:30
And of course, make sure you like this video.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก , ์ด ์˜์ƒ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
14:31
Share it with your friends and subscribe soย  you're notified every time I post a new lesson.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒˆ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ฐ›์œผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:36
And you can get this free speakingย  guide where I share 6 tips on howย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ๊ฐ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ 6๊ฐ€์ง€ ํŒ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ๊ฐ€์ด๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•„๋ณด์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:39
to speak English fluently and confidently.
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14:42
You can click here to download it orย  look for the link in the description,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
14:45
and you can keep improving yourย  English grammar with this master class.
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์ด ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐ ํด๋ž˜์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์˜์–ด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:48
You'll learn so much makingย  sure you watch it right now.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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