PAST SIMPLE vs PRESENT PERFECT? | ALL Differences + QUIZ + PDF

14,366 views ・ 2024-02-05

JForrest English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
In this English grammar lesson, you're going to master two of the most important verb tenses
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이 μ˜μ–΄ 문법 μˆ˜μ—…μ—μ„œ 당신은 μ˜μ–΄μ—μ„œ κ°€μž₯ μ€‘μš”ν•œ 두 가지 동사 μ‹œμ œ
00:06
in English, and that's the past simple and the present perfect.
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, 즉 λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°ν˜•κ³Ό ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ„ λ§ˆμŠ€ν„°ν•˜κ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:11
You're going to learn how to use them, just like a native speaker.
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당신은 μ›μ–΄λ―Όμ²˜λŸΌ 그것듀을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 방법을 배우게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
00:16
Welcome back to JForrest English.
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JForrest English에 λ‹€μ‹œ μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:17
Of course.
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λ¬Όλ‘ .
00:18
I'm Jennifer.
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μ €λŠ” μ œλ‹ˆνΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:19
Now let's get started.
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이제 μ‹œμž‘ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:20
Let's compare 2 sentences.
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2개의 λ¬Έμž₯을 비ꡐ해 λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
I saw that movie.
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λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έ μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€.
00:25
I've seen that movie.
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λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έ μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³Έ 적이 μžˆλ‹€.
00:28
I'm sure you know that.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 그것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  ν™•μ‹ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:29
I saw that movie is the Past Simple, and I've seen that movie is the present Perfect.
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κ·Έ μ˜ν™”λŠ” κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœν˜•μ΄κ³ , κ·Έ μ˜ν™”λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œν˜•μΈ 것을 λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:36
Easy, right?
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μ‰½μ§€μš”?
00:38
Let's quickly review the structure.
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ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό λΉ λ₯΄κ²Œ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:40
To form the Past Simple, you need the subject and the past simple verb, which is either
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κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœν˜•μ„ ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λ €λ©΄ μ£Όμ–΄ 와 κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ 동사(
00:48
the base verb plus Ed or an irregular verb.
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κΈ°λ³Έ 동사에 Edλ₯Ό λ”ν•œ 것 λ˜λŠ” λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ 동사)κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:53
In this case we have an irregular verb because it isn't.
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이 κ²½μš°μ—λŠ” λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ 동사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 그렇지 μ•ŠκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:58
I seed that movie with Ed, it's I saw that movie.
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λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έ μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό Edμ—κ²Œ μ‹œλ“œν–ˆκ³ , 그것은 λ‚΄κ°€ κ·Έ μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³Έ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:03
So it's an irregular past symbol.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그것은 λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ν•œ κ³Όκ±° κΈ°ν˜Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
To form the present perfect, you need the subject have or has depending on the subject.
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ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œλ₯Ό ν˜•μ„±ν•˜λ €λ©΄ 주어에 따라 μ£Όμ–΄ have λ˜λŠ” hasκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:14
And you need the past participle.
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그리고 κ³Όκ±° 뢄사가 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:17
For the subjects I, you, we and they you need, have, And for the subjects ** *** it, you
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λ‚˜, λ‹Ήμ‹ , μš°λ¦¬μ™€ κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ ν•„μš”ν•œ κ³Όλͺ©μ—λŠ” 가지고 있고, ** *** 그것, λ‹Ήμ‹ μ—κ²Œ
01:27
need has.
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ν•„μš”ν•œ κ³Όλͺ©μ—λŠ” μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:29
I have seen that movie.
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λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έ μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€.
01:31
She has seen that movie.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” κ·Έ μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³Έ 적이 μžˆμ–΄μš”.
01:33
Now let's talk about how to use these verb tenses, because native speakers use them in
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이제 μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 동사 μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 방법에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기해 λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ™œλƒν•˜λ©΄ 원어민은
01:39
ways that most students don't use correctly.
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λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 학생듀이 μ˜¬λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 동사 μ‹œμ œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
Of course the past simple is used for a completed past action.
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λ¬Όλ‘  κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœν˜•μ€ μ™„λ£Œλœ κ³Όκ±° λ™μž‘μ— μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:49
I saw that movie.
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λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έ μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€.
01:51
But did you know that the present perfect is also used with a completed past action?
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그런데 ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ΄ μ™„λ£Œλœ κ³Όκ±° λ™μž‘κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©λœλ‹€λŠ” 사싀을 μ•Œκ³  κ³„μ…¨λ‚˜μš”?
01:58
However, there has to be a result in the present.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ ν˜„μž¬μ—λŠ” κ²°κ³Όκ°€ μžˆμ–΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:04
That's why we call it the present perfect.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것을 ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£ŒλΌκ³  λΆ€λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:07
So just remember that present completed past action but result or impact in the present.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ ν˜„μž¬λŠ” 과거의 행동을 μ™„λ£Œν–ˆμ§€λ§Œ κ²°κ³Όλ‚˜ 영ν–₯은 ν˜„μž¬μ— μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
02:14
Right now I've seen that movie.
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μ§€κΈˆ λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έ μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€.
02:18
So what could be the result in the present?
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κ·Έλ ‡λ‹€λ©΄ ν˜„μž¬μ˜ κ²°κ³ΌλŠ” λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:21
I've seen that movie so now I don't want to watch it.
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κ·Έ μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³Έ 적이 μžˆλŠ”λ° μ΄μ œλŠ” 보고 싢지 μ•Šμ•„μš” .
02:27
So now I can tell you about it.
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이제 그것에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§μ”€λ“œλ¦΄ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:31
So now we can discuss it and I can share my opinion.
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이제 μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것에 λŒ€ν•΄ ν† λ‘ ν•  수 있고 λ‚΄ μ˜κ²¬μ„ κ³΅μœ ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
02:36
So always remember there's a SO now with the present perfect, when is a completed past
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λ”°λΌμ„œ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ—λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œν˜• SOκ°€ 있고, κ°€ μ™„λ£Œλœ κ³Όκ±°
02:43
action.
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λ™μž‘μΈ SOκ°€ μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 항상 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
02:45
But very important native speakers rarely say the SO now it's just implied based on
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 원어민듀은 SOλ₯Ό 거의 λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©° μ΄μ œλŠ” 단지 λ¬Έλ§₯에 따라 μ•”μ‹œλ  λΏμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
02:54
context.
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.
02:56
So your friend could invite you over and say, do you want to come over and watch Barbie
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그러면 μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ 당신을 μ΄ˆλŒ€ν•΄μ„œ "였늘 밀에 λ°”λΉ„ μΈν˜• 보러 올래
03:02
tonight?
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?"라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:03
And you can reply back and say, I've seen it.
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그리고 당신은 λ‹΅μž₯을 보내 "λ‚˜λŠ” 그것을 λ³΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€"라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
03:08
Now your friend understands the so now you don't want to watch Barbie.
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이제 λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μΉœκ΅¬λŠ” 그것을 μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ 이제 당신은 Barbieλ₯Ό 보고 싢지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:14
You don't need to vocalize that and most native speakers will not vocalize it.
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당신은 그것을 λ°œμ„±ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μœΌλ©° λŒ€λΆ€λΆ„μ˜ 원어민은 그것을 λ°œμ„±ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:20
So you might say I've seen it and then ask your friend, have you seen the new Leo movie?
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은 λ‚΄κ°€ 그것을 λ³΄μ•˜λ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜κ³  μΉœκ΅¬μ—κ²Œ "μƒˆ 레였 μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³Έ 적 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?"라고 λ¬Όμ–΄λ³Ό μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:27
Did you notice I use the present perfect in that question?
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μ œκ°€ κ·Έ μ§ˆλ¬Έμ— ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•œ 것을 λ³΄μ…¨λ‚˜μš” ?
03:32
Have you seen the new Leo movie?
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μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 레였 μ˜ν™”λ₯Ό λ³΄μ…¨λ‚˜μš”?
03:35
We also use the present perfect to talk about life experience, things we have and haven't
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λ˜ν•œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 인생 κ²½ν—˜,
03:42
done in our lives until now.
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ 우리 μ‚Άμ—μ„œ ν•΄λ³Έ 것과 해보지 μ•Šμ€ 것에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:46
For example, have you ever eaten sushi?
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, 초λ°₯을 λ¨Ήμ–΄ λ³Έ 적이 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
03:50
To reply, you can say no, I haven't eaten sushi or yes I have, yes I have is the short
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λŒ€λ‹΅ν•˜λ €λ©΄ 'μ•„λ‹ˆμš”', ' μŠ€μ‹œλ₯Ό 먹지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€' λ˜λŠ” '예, λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€'라고 짧게 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:58
form.
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.
03:59
The full form would be yes, I have eaten sushi.
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μ™„μ „ν•œ ν˜•νƒœλŠ” '예, λ‚˜λŠ” 초λ°₯을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€'μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:03
You could add on and say I ate it last year for the first time.
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λ§λΆ™μ—¬μ„œ μž‘λ…„μ— 처음으둜 λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‹€κ³  말할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
04:10
This is the past simple because it's a completed past action.
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μ™„λ£Œλœ κ³Όκ±° λ™μž‘μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
04:16
You could also add on.
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μΆ”κ°€ν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:17
I lived in Japan for a year.
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μ €λŠ” μΌλ³Έμ—μ„œ 1λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‚΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:21
Again, this is the past simple, a completed past action.
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, 이것은 λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°ν˜•, μ™„λ£Œλœ κ³Όκ±° λ™μž‘μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:25
You do not live in Japan now.
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당신은 μ§€κΈˆ 일본에 μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:28
What if you said I've lived in Japan for a year?
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λ‚΄κ°€ μΌλ³Έμ—μ„œ 1λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‚΄μ•˜λ‹€κ³  ν•˜λ©΄ μ–΄λ–¨κΉŒμš” ?
04:33
This is the present perfect and it's used for an action that started in the past and
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이것은 ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œμ΄λ©° 과거에 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ—¬
04:40
continues until now and will continue into the future indefinitely.
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ κ³„μ†λ˜κ³  λ―Έλž˜μ—λ„ λ¬΄ν•œμ • 계속될 λ™μž‘μ— μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:46
Now, it's important to note that you can use the present perfect or the present perfect
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이제 μ„Έ 가지 일반 동사와 ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ λ˜λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ
04:53
continuous interchangeably with three common verbs.
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μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ„œλ‘œ λ°”κΏ”μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 점에 μœ μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
04:57
Live, work, study.
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μ‚΄κ³ , μΌν•˜κ³ , κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
05:00
I've lived in Japan for a year.
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μ €λŠ” μΌλ³Έμ—μ„œ 1λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‚΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:03
I've been living in Japan for a year.
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μ €λŠ” μΌλ³Έμ—μ„œ 1λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‚΄κ³  μžˆμ–΄μš”.
05:07
They're exactly the same.
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그것듀은 λ˜‘κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:09
But this is only for those 3 verbs.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ 이것은 3개의 λ™μ‚¬μ—λ§Œ ν•΄λ‹Ήλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:12
Live, work and study.
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μ‚΄κ³ , μΌν•˜κ³ , κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜μ„Έμš”. 일본에
05:15
You could say I didn't eat sushi when I lived in Japan.
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μ‚΄μ•˜μ„ λ•Œ λ‚˜λŠ” 초λ°₯을 먹지 μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€κ³  말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
05:21
This is in the past.
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이것은 과거의 μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:22
Simple because it's a completed time reference.
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μ™„λ£Œλœ μ‹œκ°„ 참쑰이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ°„λ‹¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 전체 μ‹œκ°„ μ°Έμ‘°κ°€ 과거이기
05:26
It's impossible for you to eat sushi now because the whole time reference is in the past.
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λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ§€κΈˆ 초λ°₯을 λ¨ΉλŠ” 것은 λΆˆκ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
05:34
But you could also say I haven't eaten sushi yet.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‚΄κ°€ 아직 초λ°₯을 λ¨Ήμ–΄λ³Έ 적이 μ—†λ‹€κ³  말할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
05:40
This is the present perfect, and it's an unfinished time reference because it's still possible
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이것은 ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œμ΄κ³ ,
05:47
for you to eat sushi now.
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μ§€κΈˆλ„ 초λ°₯을 먹을 수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ―Έμ™„μ„± μ‹œκ°„ μ°Έμ‘°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:50
Why?
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μ™œ?
05:51
Because you're alive.
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당신이 μ‚΄μ•„ 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ—.
05:52
You could eat sushi tomorrow or next week, so it's an unfinished time reference.
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λ‚΄μΌμ΄λ‚˜ λ‹€μŒμ£Όμ— 초λ°₯을 먹을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆ λ―Έμ™„μ„± μ‹œκ°„ μ°Έκ³ κ°€ 되겠죠.
05:59
So let's review our uses for the past.
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그럼 과거의 μš©λ„λ₯Ό κ²€ν† ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:02
Simple.
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ. ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œμ— λŒ€ν•œ
06:03
You can use it for a completed past action or life experience with a finished time reference
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μ™„λ£Œλœ μ‹œκ°„ 참쑰와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ™„λ£Œλœ κ³Όκ±° ν–‰λ™μ΄λ‚˜ 인생 κ²½ν—˜μ— μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:11
for the present perfect.
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.
06:12
You can use it with a completed past action, with a result in the present life experience,
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μ™„λ£Œλœ κ³Όκ±° λ™μž‘, ν˜„μž¬ μƒν™œ κ²½ν—˜μ˜ κ²°κ³Ό,
06:21
life experience, with an unfinished time reference, and with an action that started in the past
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인생 κ²½ν—˜, λλ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ€ μ‹œκ°„ μ°Έμ‘°, 과거에 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜μ—¬
06:27
and continues until now with those 3 common verbs which are live, work and study.
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μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ κ³„μ†λ˜λŠ” λ™μž‘κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 있으며, 라이브인 3가지 일반 동사와 ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 일과 곡뢀.
06:36
Now let's review some common mistakes that I hear students make again and again with
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이제 학생듀이 이
06:43
these two very important verb tenses.
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두 가지 맀우 μ€‘μš”ν•œ 동사 μ‹œμ œμ™€ κ΄€λ ¨ν•˜μ—¬ λ°˜λ³΅ν•΄μ„œ 저지λ₯΄λŠ” λͺ‡ 가지 일반적인 μ‹€μˆ˜λ₯Ό κ²€ν† ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:46
Let's review this sentence.
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이 λ¬Έμž₯을 κ²€ν† ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:48
I've tried sushi last week.
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μ§€λ‚œμ£Όμ— 초λ°₯을 λ¨Ήμ–΄λ΄€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:51
What's the mistake in this sentence?
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이 λ¬Έμž₯의 잘λͺ»λœ 점은 λ¬΄μ—‡μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ? μ§€λ‚œμ£Όμ—λŠ”
06:54
Do you know you can't use a specific time reference last week?
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νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„ μ°Έμ‘°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  κ³„μ‹œλ‚˜μš” ?
07:00
That's a specific time reference.
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그것은 νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„ μ°Έμ‘°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ
07:02
You can't use a specific time reference with the present perfect.
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μ—λŠ” νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„ μ°Έμ‘°λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
07:08
So how would you correct this sentence?
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그러면 이 λ¬Έμž₯을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ 고쳐야 ν• κΉŒμš”?
07:10
Write it in the comments.
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λŒ“κΈ€μ— μ μ–΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
07:12
I ate sushi last week because you have last week, you need the past.
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μ§€λ‚œμ£Όμ—λŠ” κ³Όκ±°κ°€ ν•„μš”ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ§€λ‚œμ£Όμ— 초λ°₯을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
07:18
Simple.
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ.
07:19
Some comments specific time references are yesterday, last month, last week, last year
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일뢀 λŒ“κΈ€μ˜ νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„ μ°Έμ‘°λŠ” 2020λ…„ μ–΄μ œ, μ§€λ‚œλ‹¬, μ§€λ‚œμ£Ό, μž‘λ…„ μ˜€ν›„
07:27
in 2020 at 3:30 PM.
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3μ‹œ 30λΆ„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:32
Assuming now it's after 334 years ago on July 15th, which is in the past when I graduated
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μ§€κΈˆμ΄ 334λ…„ 전인 7μ›” 15일이라고 κ°€μ •ν•˜λ©΄ , 당신이 회의
07:43
because you graduated at a specific time in the past, perhaps July 15th, 2020 during the
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쀑 μ•„λ§ˆλ„ 2020λ…„ 7μ›” 15일과 같은 과거의 νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„μ— μ‘Έμ—…ν–ˆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 그것은 λ‚΄κ°€ μ‘Έμ—…ν•œ κ³Όκ±°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
07:53
meeting.
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.
07:54
Again, the meeting took place at a specific time on Monday at 3:30 and today's Tuesday.
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μ΄λ²ˆμ—λ„ μ›”μš”μΌ 3μ‹œ 30λΆ„κ³Ό 였늘 ν™”μš”μΌ νŠΉμ • μ‹œκ°„μ— νšŒμ˜κ°€ μ—΄λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:03
So it's in the past.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그것은 κ³Όκ±°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:04
How about this sentence?
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이 λ¬Έμž₯은 μ–΄λ–»μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
08:06
We've lived here since 10 years.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 10λ…„λΆ€ν„° 이곳에 μ‚΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:10
What's the mistake?
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무슨 μ‹€μˆ˜μ•Ό?
08:11
Do you know the mistake is confusing for or since?
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κ·Έ μ‹€μˆ˜κ°€ ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ½κ±°λ‚˜ κ·Έ μ΄ν›„λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ‚˜μš” ?
08:17
One of the most common mistakes.
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κ°€μž₯ ν”ν•œ μ‹€μˆ˜ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:19
How can you fix the sentence?
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λ¬Έμž₯을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ³ μΉ  수 μžˆλ‚˜μš”?
08:22
Put it in the comments.
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λŒ“κΈ€μ— μ μ–΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
08:24
We've lived here for 10 years.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 10λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‚΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:27
We've lived here since 2013.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 2013λ…„λΆ€ν„° 이곳에 μ‚΄μ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:31
You need 4 + a duration and sense plus a starting point.
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4 + κΈ°κ°„, 감각, μ‹œμž‘μ μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
08:38
2013 is the starting point for that action which continues until now because it's in
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2013년은 ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œμ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ μ§€μ†λ˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” κ·Έ ν–‰λ™μ˜ μΆœλ°œμ μ΄λ‹€
08:45
the present perfect.
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.
08:47
Because remember you can use the present perfect or the present perfect continuous with which
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08:52
three verbs live, work and study.
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μ„Έ 개의 동사가 μ‚΄κ³ , μΌν•˜κ³ , κ³΅λΆ€ν•˜λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ λ˜λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
08:58
You got it.
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λ§žμ•„μš”.
08:59
Now I'm going to quiz you to see how well you really know the past simple and the present
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이제 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°ν˜•κ³Ό ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œ
09:05
perfect.
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ν˜•μ„ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 잘 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλŠ”μ§€ μ•Œμ•„λ³΄κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ ν€΄μ¦ˆλ₯Ό λ‚΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:06
Are you ready?
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μ€€λΉ„ λ˜μ—ˆλ‚˜μš”?
09:08
Question one.
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질문 1.
09:09
She breakfast an hour ago.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ 전에 아침을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹¨μˆœ
09:13
Do you need the past simple or the present perfect?
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κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ, μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
09:17
And how do you conjugate it?
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그리고 그것을 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν™œμš©ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
09:19
Put your answer in the comments.
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닡을 λŒ“κΈ€μ— λ‚¨κ²¨μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
09:21
She ate breakfast an hour ago.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ 전에 아침을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ 전에
09:25
Past simple because it's a completed past action with a specific past time reference
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νŠΉμ • κ³Όκ±° μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ°Έμ‘°ν•˜λŠ” μ™„λ£Œλœ κ³Όκ±° μž‘μ—…μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
09:32
an hour ago.
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.
09:34
And notice eat is an irregular verb.
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그리고 note eat은 λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:37
She ate question two.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 2번 문제λ₯Ό λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œκ°€ λ˜λ„λ‘
09:40
You need to rewrite the sentence so it's in the present perfect.
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λ¬Έμž₯을 λ‹€μ‹œ μž‘μ„±ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
09:44
The sentence is she ate breakfast an hour ago.
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λ¬Έμž₯은 κ·Έλ…€κ°€ ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ 전에 아침을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
09:50
How would you rewrite this in the present perfect?
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이것을 ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œλ‘œ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ‹€μ‹œ μ“°μ‹œκ² μ–΄μš” ?
09:53
Put it in the comments.
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λŒ“κΈ€μ— μ μ–΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
09:55
She has already eaten breakfast.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 이미 아침을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:00
You don't need already.
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이미 ν•„μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:01
That's optional.
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그것은 선택 μ‚¬ν•­μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:03
She has eaten breakfast, so now she's not hungry.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 아침을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ 이제 λ°°κ°€ 고프지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:09
But remember, a native speaker won't communicate that so now.
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ μ§€κΈˆμ€ 원어민이 κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ μ˜μ‚¬μ†Œν†΅ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ”λ‹€λŠ” 점을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš” .
10:15
So you can simply say she's eaten breakfast.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ κ°„λ‹¨ν•˜κ²Œ κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 아침을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆλ‹€κ³  말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:18
She's already eaten breakfast.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 이미 아침을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:21
So you need to get rid of that past time reference.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ κ³Όκ±° μ‹œκ°„ μ°Έμ‘°λ₯Ό μ œκ±°ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€μ˜ 3 우리 3 그림은
10:25
It can't exist with the present perfect question Three we three paintings so far.
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ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œ μ§ˆλ¬ΈμœΌλ‘œλŠ” μ‘΄μž¬ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . λ‹¨μˆœ
10:35
Do you need the past simple or the present perfect?
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κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ, μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ΄ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
10:38
How do you conjugate it?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ²°ν•©ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
10:40
Put the correct answer in the comments.
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λŒ“κΈ€μ— 정닡을 μ μ–΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
10:43
We have bought 3 paintings so far.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ κ·Έλ¦Ό 3점을 μƒ€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:48
This is in the present perfect because it's possible for you to buy more paintings.
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더 λ§Žμ€ 그림을 κ΅¬μž…ν•  수 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 이것은 ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:56
You can go to the store tomorrow or next week.
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λ‚΄μΌμ΄λ‚˜ λ‹€μŒ 주에 맀μž₯에 가보싀 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:00
So it's an unfinished time reference because you're alive.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ 당신이 μ‚΄μ•„ 있기 λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ―Έμ™„μ„± μ‹œκ°„ μ°Έμ‘°μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
11:04
So it's still possible for you to buy more paintings.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ—¬μ „νžˆ 그림을 더 κ΅¬μž…ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
11:08
We have bought 3 paintings so far.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ κ·Έλ¦Ό 3점을 μƒ€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:13
Question 4.
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질문 4.
11:15
Rewrite this sentence so it's in the past.
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이 λ¬Έμž₯을 κ³Όκ±°κ°€ λ˜λ„λ‘ λ‹€μ‹œ μž‘μ„±ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
11:17
Simple.
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λ‹¨μˆœν•œ.
11:18
We have bought 3 paintings so far.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€κΈˆκΉŒμ§€ κ·Έλ¦Ό 3점을 μƒ€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:21
We we bought past Simple irregular verb.
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κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ 동사λ₯Ό μƒ€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:26
We bought 3 paintings last week, yesterday, an hour ago.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ§€λ‚œμ£Ό, μ–΄μ œ, ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ 전에 κ·Έλ¦Ό 3점을 μƒ€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:32
You simply need a past time reference question 5 Ling as a realtor from 2005 to 2015 do you
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λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ κ³Όκ±°ν˜• μ°Έμ‘° 질문이 ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 5 2005λ…„λΆ€ν„° 2015λ…„κΉŒμ§€ 뢀동산 μ€‘κ°œμ—…μžλ‘œμ„œ Ling
11:46
need the past simple present perfect?
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κ³Όκ±° λ‹¨μˆœ ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œκ°€ ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
11:48
Put the correct answer in the comments.
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λŒ“κΈ€μ— 정닡을 μ μ–΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”.
11:51
Ling worked as a realtor because it's a completed past action.
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링은 μ™„λ£Œλœ κ³Όκ±° ν–‰μœ„μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— 뢀동산 μ€‘κ°œμΈμœΌλ‘œ μΌν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
11:57
Your final question, you know what to do.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 질문, 당신은 무엇을 해야할지 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:00
Rewrite the sentence so it's in the present perfect.
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ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œκ°€ λ˜λ„λ‘ λ¬Έμž₯을 λ‹€μ‹œ μž‘μ„±ν•΄ λ³΄μ„Έμš” .
12:05
Ling has worked as a realtor and now we need since since 2005.
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Ling은 뢀동산 μ€‘κ°œμΈμœΌλ‘œ 일해 μ™”μœΌλ©° 이제 2005λ…„λΆ€ν„° ν•„μš”ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:15
Or we can use for for 20 years.
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μ•„λ‹ˆλ©΄ 20λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:19
But because it's in the present perfect, it means Ling is still a realtor now, whereas
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œν˜•μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— Ling은 μ§€κΈˆλ„ μ—¬μ „νžˆ 뢀동산 μ€‘κ°œμΈμΈ 반면
12:26
in the past simple she is no longer a realtor.
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λ‹¨μˆœ κ³Όκ±°μ—μ„œλŠ” κ·Έλ…€κ°€ 더 이상 뢀동산 μ€‘κ°œμΈμ΄ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌλŠ” μ˜λ―Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:30
How did you do with that quiz?
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κ·Έ ν€΄μ¦ˆλŠ” μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ ν’€μ—ˆμ–΄μš”?
12:31
Share your score in the comments below and if you found this video helpful, please hit
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μ•„λž˜ λŒ“κΈ€μ— 점수λ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•˜κ³  , 이 μ˜μƒμ΄ 도움이 됐닀면
12:37
the like button, share it with your friends, and of course, subscribe so you're notified
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μ’‹μ•„μš” λ²„νŠΌμ„ λˆ„λ₯΄κ³  μΉœκ΅¬λ“€κ³Ό κ³΅μœ ν•˜μ„Έμš”. ꡬ독도 ν•΄μ£Όμ„Έμš”. 그러면
12:40
every time I post a new lesson.
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μ œκ°€ μƒˆ λ ˆμŠ¨μ„ κ²Œμ‹œν•  λ•Œλ§ˆλ‹€ μ•Œλ¦Όμ„ 받을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:43
And you can get this free speaking guide where I share 6 tips on how to speak English fluently
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그리고 μœ μ°½ν•˜κ³  μžμ‹ κ° 있게 μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 방법에 λŒ€ν•œ 6가지 νŒμ„ κ³΅μœ ν•˜λŠ” 무료 λ§ν•˜κΈ° κ°€μ΄λ“œλ₯Ό 받아보싀 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:47
and confidently.
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.
12:48
You can click here to download it or look for the link in the description.
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μ—¬κΈ°λ₯Ό ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ—¬ λ‹€μš΄λ‘œλ“œν•˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ„€λͺ…에 μžˆλŠ” 링크λ₯Ό μ°Ύμ•„λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
12:51
And there are many irregular verbs in English.
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그리고 μ˜μ–΄μ—λŠ” λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ 동사가 많이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:56
I have a lesson summarizing the most common, so make sure you watch that lesson now because
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κ°€μž₯ 일반적인 것을 μš”μ•½ν•œ κ°•μ˜κ°€ μžˆμœΌλ‹ˆ μ§€κΈˆ λ°”λ‘œ κ·Έ κ°•μ˜λ₯Ό μ‹œμ²­ν•˜μ„Έμš”. λ‹¨μˆœ
13:01
you need to know the irregular verbs to correctly use the past simple an the present perfect.
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과거와 ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œλ₯Ό μ˜¬λ°”λ₯΄κ²Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ €λ©΄ λΆˆκ·œμΉ™ 동사λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„μ•Ό ν•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:07
So watch the lesson right now.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‹ˆ μ§€κΈˆ λ°”λ‘œ κ°•μ˜λ₯Ό μ‹œμ²­ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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