Learn English with a BBC NEWS Article - Advanced Vocabulary Lesson

69,934 views ใƒป 2023-01-02

JForrest English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
Are you ready to read an article from the BBC with me?
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BBC ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’ไธ€็ท’ใซ่ชญใ‚€ๆบ–ๅ‚™ใฏใงใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ ?
00:03
When you learn English with the news, it's a great way to learn advanced vocabulary,
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ใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใง่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใถใจใ€ ้ซ˜ๅบฆใช่ชžๅฝ™ใ€
00:09
complex sentence structure and advanced grammar and natural pronunciation in a really fun
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่ค‡้›‘ใชๆ–‡ใฎๆง‹้€ ใ€้ซ˜ๅบฆใชๆ–‡ๆณ• ใ€่‡ช็„ถใช็™บ้Ÿณใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ
00:16
and engaging way.
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้ญ…ๅŠ›็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ่จ˜ไบ‹ใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซๅ…จๆ–‡ใ‚’่ชญใฟใŸใ„ใฎใงใ€ๅฟ…ใš
00:18
And make sure you watch right until the end because I want to read the article in full
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใพใง่ฆ‹ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
00:23
at the very end, so you can practice along with your pronunciation and I'll also share
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ใ€‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€็™บ้Ÿณใจไธ€็ท’ใซ็ทด็ฟ’ใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ
00:29
the link where you can download the PDF of the lesson that we've reviewed today.
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ใฎ PDF ใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใงใใ‚‹ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚‚ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไปŠๆ—ฅใƒฌใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:36
Welcome back to JForrest English training.
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JForrest่‹ฑ่ชžใƒˆใƒฌใƒผใƒ‹ใƒณใ‚ฐใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚
00:39
Of course, I'm Jennifer and this is your place to become a fluent confident English speaker.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€็งใฏใ‚ธใ‚งใƒ‹ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆๆตๆšขใช่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎๅ ดๆ‰€ใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
00:45
Let's get started.
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ใ€‚
00:49
Welcome to our article, in this article, we're talking about the death of Pele one of the
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็งใŸใกใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใธใ‚ˆใ†ใ“ใใ€‚ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใฏใ€
00:56
greatest footballers of all time, or the greatest perhaps in your opinion footballer of all
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ๅฒไธŠๆœ€้ซ˜ใฎใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใฎ 1 ไบบใ€ใพใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใๅฒไธŠๆœ€้ซ˜ใฎ ใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒšใƒฌใฎๆญปใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™
01:02
time.
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ใ€‚
01:03
So let's start with the headline.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€่ฆ‹ๅ‡บใ—ใ‹ใ‚‰ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:04
Thank you king, Brazil lights up in honor of Pele, so King is what a lot of people refer
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ใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ€ใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใฏใƒšใƒฌใซๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆ่ผใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒ
01:12
to Pele as they also called him king.
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ใƒšใƒฌใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใจๅ‘ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹.
01:15
So if you see that it also refers to Pele in this instance.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎไพ‹ใงใฏใƒšใƒฌใ‚‚ๅ‚็…งใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
01:20
Okay, let's go to our article.
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ใ•ใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:24
Brazil has woken up to its first thing without footballing legend Pele so here we have an
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใฏใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ็•Œใฎใƒฌใ‚ธใ‚งใƒณใƒ‰ใ€ใƒšใƒฌใŒใ„ใชใใฆๅˆใ‚ใฆ็›ฎ่ฆšใ‚ใŸ ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใซ
01:31
E irregular verb conjugation.
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E ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆดป็”จใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:34
Now notice this is a phrasal verb because we have the verb and the preposition up woke
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ ๅ‹•่ฉžใจๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž up ใŒ wake
01:40
up.
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up ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
01:42
Now the base verb is to wake up.
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็พๅœจใ€ๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใฏ็›ฎใ‚’่ฆšใพใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:50
And then in the past, it's woke up, and then in the participle form, it's woken up.
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ใใ—ใฆ้ŽๅŽปใซใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็›ฎใ‚’่ฆšใพใ—ใŸใ€ใใ—ใฆ ๅˆ†่ฉžๅฝขใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็›ฎใ‚’่ฆšใพใ—ใŸ.
01:59
So let's take a look at some different sentences.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
02:03
So for example, today, what time did you wake up?
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ไพ‹ใˆใฐใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏไฝ•ๆ™‚ใซ่ตทใใพใ—ใŸใ‹ ๏ผŸ
02:09
Now office today and the action is complete?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฎใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใงใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ‹?
02:12
What verb tense do you need in your response?
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ๅฟœ็ญ”ใซๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹?
02:15
today?
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ไปŠๆ—ฅ๏ผŸ
02:16
What time did you wake up?
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ๆ™‚ใซ่ตทใใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ
02:18
I woke up at 6am I always wake up at 6am I've woken up at 6am for the last 10 years.
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6ๆ™‚่ตทๅบŠ ใ„ใคใ‚‚6ๆ™‚่ตทๅบŠ ใ“ใ“ 10ๅนดใšใฃใจ6ๆ™‚่ตทๅบŠใ€‚
02:38
So notice, past simple my present simple verb and you know it's the present simple because
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎๅ˜็ด”ใช็งใฎ็พๅœจใฎๅ˜็ด”ใชๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ€็งใŒ้ ปๅบฆใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ็พๅœจใฎๅ˜็ด”ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
02:48
I have my adverb of frequency.
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.
02:51
Now here it's in the third form and it's in the present perfect verb tense because it's
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ใ“ใ“ใงใฏ 3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎๅฝขๅผใงใ€ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
02:58
an action that started in the past and continues until now.
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้ŽๅŽปใซ้–‹ๅง‹ใ•ใ‚Œใ€็พๅœจใพใง็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ ใ€‚
03:02
So for this one, if it's he don't forget, you have to conjugate he always wakes up.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆใฏใ€ๅฝผใŒๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ๅฝผใŒๅธธใซ็›ฎใ‚’่ฆšใพใ™ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆดป็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™.
03:09
And this one he has as a contraction, he's woken up at 6am for the last 10 years.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฝผใŒ้™ฃ็—›ใจใ—ใฆๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ€ๅฝผใฏ ้ŽๅŽป 10 ๅนด้–“ใ€ๅˆๅ‰ 6 ๆ™‚ใซ่ตทใใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:19
Now you can wake up to something this is a common sentence structure, you might say today
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆ–‡ใฎๆง‹้€ ใงใ™ใŒใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ
03:29
I woke up to this sound of car alarms.
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่ปŠใฎ่ญฆๅ ฑ้Ÿณใง็›ฎใŒ่ฆšใ‚ใŸใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
03:40
Or today I woke up to this smell of freshly brewed coffee.
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ใพใŸใฏไปŠๆ—ฅใ€ๆทนใ‚ŒใŸใฆใฎใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใฎใ“ใฎ้ฆ™ใ‚Šใง็›ฎใŒ่ฆšใ‚ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
03:48
So it was a little more poetic way I've seen this.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใฎใฏใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—่ฉฉ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ—ใŸ .
03:52
And we often use it with our senses things we see things we hear things we smell.
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ใใ—ใฆ็งใŸใกใฏใ—ใฐใ—ใฐใ€็งใŸใกใŒ่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใ€็งใŸใกใŒๅ—…ใใ‚‚ใฎใ€่žใใ‚‚ใฎใ€็งใŸใกใฎๆ„Ÿ่ฆšใงใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ .
04:00
I probably not taste because you probably wouldn't wake up tasting something but I guess
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅ‘ณใ‚ใฃใฆ็›ฎใ‚’่ฆšใพใ™ใ“ใจใฏใชใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€็งใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใๅ‘ณ่ฆ‹ใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
04:05
it's possible theoretically.
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็†่ซ–็š„ใซใฏๅฏ่ƒฝใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™.
04:07
So notice you have your phrasal verb wake up and remember it you need to conjugate it
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’็›ฎ่ฆšใ‚ใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆดป็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€
04:13
so he always wakes up to the smell of freshly brewed coffee.
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ๅฝผใฏๅธธใซๆทนใ‚ŒใŸใฆใฎใ‚ณใƒผใƒ’ใƒผใฎ้ฆ™ใ‚Šใง็›ฎ่ฆšใ‚ใพใ™ ใ€‚
04:20
So what about you?
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ†ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
04:21
What do you wake up to if you're a parent, you might say I always wake up to my children
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒ่ฆชใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไฝ•ใซ ็›ฎ่ฆšใ‚ใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ็งใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚
04:34
a screaming in the other room so that could be I wake up to my children jumping on me
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ๅˆฅใฎ้ƒจๅฑ‹ใง ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใŒๅซใ‚“ใง็›ฎใ‚’่ฆšใพใ™ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
04:44
screaming yelling things like that things your kids do.
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ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
04:48
So this is a very common expression.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใช่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚
04:51
So here Brazil has woken up to its first day that is the something in this case in my example
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ใ“ใ“ใงใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใฏๅˆๆ—ฅใ‚’่ฟŽใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€็งใฎไพ‹ใงใฏ
05:01
it was screaming children is first day without footballing legend Pele let me include without
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ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใŒใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใฎไผ่ชฌใฎใชใ„ๅˆๆ—ฅใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๅซใ‚“ใงใ„ ใพใ—ใŸ
05:10
because without is a preposition.
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ใ€‚
05:12
So grammatically, what do you need if your verb follows a preposition?
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ใงใฏใ€ๆ–‡ๆณ•็š„ใซใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใฎๅพŒใซ็ถšใๅ ดๅˆใ€ไฝ•ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ ?
05:20
You need a Jaren verb because it's a preposition.
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใชใฎใงใƒคใƒฌใƒณๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
05:25
So plus Geron.
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ใƒ—ใƒฉใ‚นใ‚ธใ‚งใƒญใƒณใ€‚
05:27
So you might say, for example, using our expression we just learn today for the first time I woke
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€็งใŸใกใฎ่กจ็พใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ ไปŠๆ—ฅๅˆใ‚ใฆๅญฆใถ็งใฏ
05:40
up without hearing my kids screaming today for the first time I woke up without and then
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ๅญไพ›ใŸใกใŒๅซใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒ่žใ“ใˆ ใšใซ็›ฎใŒ่ฆšใ‚ใŸใ€ไปŠๆ—ฅๅˆใ‚ใฆ็งใŒ็›ฎใ‚’
05:51
you need a gerund verb without hearing my kids screaming.
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่ฆšใพใ—ใŸ .
05:58
So that could be a good sentence structure to practice because you also combine it with
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใจๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใจ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซ้ฉใ—ใŸๆ–‡ๆง‹้€ ใซใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
06:03
a preposition and your gerund.
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ใ€‚
06:05
for All right, let's continue on.
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ใงใฏใ€็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
06:09
The king who won three World Cups and was widely considered the greatest footballer
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ใƒฏใƒผใƒซใƒ‰ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใง 3 ๅบฆๅ„ชๅ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฒไธŠ ๆœ€้ซ˜ใฎใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใจๅบƒใ่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸ็Ž‹ใฏใ€ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ
06:17
of all time, died at the age of 82 in Sao Paulo on Thursday.
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ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‘ใ‚ฆใƒญใง 82 ๆญณใงไบกใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚
06:23
All right, widely.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ๅบƒใใ€‚
06:27
This is an adverb ever and it means by many by many, so he was considered by many the
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ“ใ‚Œใพใงใฎๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅคšใใฎไบบใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ ใŸใ‚ใ€
06:37
greatest footballer he was widely considered.
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ๅฝผใฏๅบƒใ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆœ€้ซ˜ใฎใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใจๅคšใใฎไบบใซ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ.
06:41
Now notice.
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ไปŠๆฐ—ใฅใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:43
The article does not say considered as this is a mistake that many native speakers may
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ใ“ใฎ่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใฏใ€่€ƒๆ…ฎใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใฏ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅคšใใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ
06:54
we include as after considered when in fact, it is not necessary.
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ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏๅฟ…่ฆใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใงใ‚‚ใ€่€ƒๆ…ฎใ—ใŸๅพŒใซๅซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹้–“้•ใ„ใงใ™ ใ€‚
07:03
So you do not need as here now many native speakers make this mistake and you might hear
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๅคšใใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒใ“ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’็Šฏใ—ใ€
07:10
native speakers.
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ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใŒ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:11
So you might wonder why are they using us?
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ใงใฏใ€ใชใœๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒ็งใŸใกใ‚’ๅˆฉ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹็–‘ๅ•ใซๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:16
Mainly because when we use regarded we do use as regarded as the greatest footballer
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ไธปใซใ€็งใŸใกใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใฏใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ ๅ‰ๅคงใชใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆœ€ใ‚‚ๅ‰ๅคงใชใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใจ
07:28
with considered we don't need as so considered the greatest footballer so notice that difference
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่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใใฎ ้•ใ„ใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
07:36
there.
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.
07:37
So coming back to widely remember widely is an adverb that means by many, so you can say
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅบƒใ่ฆšใˆใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏใ€ ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
07:44
English is widely spoken around the world which is why you're learning it right English
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฏไธ–็•Œไธญใงๅบƒใ
07:53
is widely spoken around the world or you might say that's a widely held belief.
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่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ‚ŒใŒใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ ๆญฃใ—ใๅญฆ็ฟ’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็†็”ฑใงใ™ใ€‚ ไฟกๅฟตใ€‚
08:05
So I didn't specify what the belief is.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏไฟกๅฟตใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็‰นๅฎšใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ.
08:07
Maybe the belief is that Pele was the greatest footballer of all time.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใƒšใƒฌใฏๅฒไธŠๆœ€้ซ˜ใฎใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใ ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ไฟกๅฟตใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
08:13
That's a widely held belief.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅบƒใไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
08:17
It's a belief held by many.
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไฟกๅฟตใงใ™ใ€‚
08:20
So notice the placement of our adverb because we put it right after the verb to be English
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ๅ‰ฏ่ฉžใฎ้…็ฝฎใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ ๅ‹•่ฉž to be English ใŒ
08:27
is widely spoken.
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ๅบƒใ่ฉฑใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹็›ดๅพŒใซ็ฝฎใใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:29
Let's continue on.
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็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ๅ—ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใฎๅ›ฝ
08:31
Overnight Pele space shown on buildings across the South American nation and landmarks were
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ไธญใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚ŒใŸไธ€ๆ™ฉใฎใƒšใƒฌใฎ็ฉบ้–“ ใจใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใฏใ€
08:38
lit up in his memory.
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ๅฝผใฎ่จ˜ๆ†ถใซ็…งใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ.
08:41
Okay, here shown this means illuminated on.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็‚น็ฏใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:47
So this is the past simple of the verb shine like the sun shines so our infinitive is to
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ‹•่ฉžใ€Œshine like the sun shinesใ€ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใชใฎใงใ€ไธๅฎš่ฉžใฏใ€Œ
08:56
shine.
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shineใ€ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:57
Our base verb is of course shine.
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็งใŸใกใฎๅŸบๆœฌๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“่ผใใงใ™ใ€‚
09:00
For example, this sun shines brightly.
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ“ใฎๅคช้™ฝใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‹ใ่ผใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:08
And then the past form is either shined or shown shown.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใŒ่ผใ„ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ็คบใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚Šใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:16
Now notice the pronunciation is the exact same as shown, shown shown they're exactly
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€็™บ้ŸณใŒ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
09:25
the same shown on shown so yesterday the sun shined or shone
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09:35
brightly.
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.
09:37
I would probably say in American English shines is more common, but I do hear shown a lot
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ€ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€shins ใฎๆ–นใŒ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€show ใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ่€ณใซใ—ใพใ™
09:46
so I think it's probably worth knowing that both of them are acceptable.
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ใฎใงใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ๅ—ใ‘ๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใไพกๅ€คใฏใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
09:51
And the third form is only shine we don't use shown and the third form just shine.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใฏ ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„่ผใใฎใฟใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€3 ็•ช็›ฎใฎใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใฏๅ˜ใซ่ผใใพใ™ใ€‚
09:59
The sun has shined since nine an action that started in the past and continues until now.
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ๅคช้™ฝใฏ ้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใ€็พๅœจใพใง็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ 9 ๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใฎๆดปๅ‹•ใงใ™ใ€‚
10:10
And of course in this case, we're talking about his face being illuminated.
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ ๅฝผใฎ้ก”ใŒ็…งใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹.
10:16
So you could just like you can you look up and you see the sun shining you can see his
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€่ฆ‹ไธŠใ’ใ‚‹ ใจๅคช้™ฝใŒ่ผใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
10:23
face shining, so illuminate it, His face shone so that's what that means there.
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ใ€ๅฝผใฎ้ก”ใŒ่ผใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚’็…งใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
10:31
You'll probably more likely use it with the sun, but now you know the different conjugations.
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ใŠใใ‚‰ใๅคช้™ฝใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ้ซ˜ใใชใ‚Šใพใ™ ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ•ใพใ–ใพใชๆดป็”จใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:37
Overnight Peles face shone on buildings across the South American nation and landmarks were
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ไธ€ๆ™ฉไธญใ€ใƒšใƒฌใฎ้ก”ใฏๅ—็ฑณใฎๅ›ฝไธญใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใซ่ผใ ใ€ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใฏ
10:43
lit up in his memory.
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ๅฝผใฎ่จ˜ๆ†ถใซ็…งใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ.
10:46
So to be lit up again, this is another way of saying illuminated so the bridge had lights
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ๅ†ใณใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใ‚ขใƒƒใƒ—ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใจใ„ใ†ๅˆฅใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ๆฉ‹ใซใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใŒ็ฏใ‚Šใ€
10:55
on it buildings had lights on it, so to be lit up that's our verb to be there.
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ๅปบ็‰ฉใซ ใƒฉใ‚คใƒˆใŒ็ฏใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
11:02
And then our verb to be is in the past simple and then you can think of this as illuminated.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ be ใฏๅ˜็ด”้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใ‚ใ‚Š ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็…งใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‚ใฎใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
11:09
Okay, fans took to the streets dress and his iconic number 10 shirt.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใฏใ‚นใƒˆใƒชใƒผใƒˆใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚นใจๅฝผใฎ ่ฑกๅพด็š„ใช่ƒŒ็•ชๅท10ใฎใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ‚’ๆ‰‹ใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ.
11:17
So this is just an expression.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏใŸใ ใฎ่กจ็พใงใ™ใ€‚
11:20
It just means fans left their house and went to the streets.
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ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใŒๅฎถใ‚’ๅ‡บใฆ่ก—ใซๅ‡บใŸใจใ„ใ†ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใ€‚
11:26
It's just a way of seeing it.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏใŸใ ใฎ่ฆ‹ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
11:27
It's not really that commonly used, but we use it more when there is a mass group of
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซใฏไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ๅคงๅ‹ขใฎไบบใŒ้›†ใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ‚ˆใไฝฟใ‚ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
11:36
people so in this case, it's a positive thing because they're going to mourn him to mourn
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ไบกใใชใฃใŸ
11:43
is when you show respect for somebody who has died.
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ไบบใซๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’่กจใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅฝผใ‚’ๆ‚ผใ‚€ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใƒใ‚ธใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ€‚
11:49
Like Pele in this case.
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฎใƒšใƒฌใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
11:51
So fans took to the streets a large number of people were on the streets as a group.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใŒ่ก—้ ญใซ็นฐใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใ€ๅคงๅ‹ขใฎ ไบบใŒใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใจใ—ใฆ่ก—้ ญใซ็นฐใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:00
Now this is also used in negative so you might see this in the news a lot when talking about
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็พๅœจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฆๅฎš็š„ใซใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ๆŠ—่ญฐใ‚„ๆšดๅ‹•ใซใคใ„ใฆ ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใงใ‚ˆใ็›ฎใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
12:08
protests or riots.
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.
12:11
So for example, you might see now 1000s of people took to the streets to protest the
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ไฝ•ๅƒ ไบบใ‚‚ใฎไบบใ€…ใŒ
12:23
election results, for example, so 1000s of people took to the streets.
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้ธๆŒ™็ตๆžœใซๆŠ—่ญฐใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ ่ก—้ ญใซ็นฐใ‚Šๅ‡บใ—ใŸใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
12:31
So you can think of it as gathered as a group in public and usually outside which is the
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ…ฌๅ…ฑใฎๅ ดใงใ€้€šๅธธใฏๅฑ‹ๅค–ใงใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใจใ—ใฆ้›†ใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€้€šใ‚ŠใŒ
12:38
reference to street because streets are outside so I'll just add that in public.
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ๅฑ‹ๅค–ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€้€šใ‚Šใ‚’ๅ‚็…งใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ใŸใ‚ใ€ๅ…ฌๅ…ฑใฎๅ ดใง่ฟฝๅŠ ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:46
Outside.
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ๅค–ใ€‚
12:48
Let's continue on.
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็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:49
Brazil's government has declared three days of national mourning.
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซๆ”ฟๅบœใฏ 3 ๆ—ฅ้–“ใฎๅ…จๅ›ฝ็š„ใชๆœๅ–ชใ‚’ๅฎฃ่จ€ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ€‚ ๅ˜†ใๆ‚ฒใ—ใ‚€
12:55
Now let's look at this here, because I mentioned it in the last example to mourn.
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ใŸใ‚ใซๆœ€ๅพŒใฎไพ‹ใง่จ€ๅŠใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚
13:02
This is a verb to mourn and this is when you pay respect to someone especially in a death.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅ–ชใซๆœใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ€ ็‰นใซๆญปใ‚“ใ ไบบใซๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ†ใจใใงใ™ใ€‚
13:12
So you either you feel sadness, but then usually you express it as well.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๆ‚ฒใ—ใฟใ‚’ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ใŒใ€้€šๅธธใฏ ใใ‚Œใ‚‚่กจ็พใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:19
You express that sadness.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใฎๆ‚ฒใ—ใฟใ‚’่กจ็พใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:21
So that's to mourn you could say the world is mourning the death of Pele or you could
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ไธ–็•Œใฏ ใƒšใƒฌใฎๆญปใ‚’ๆ‚ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ—ใ€
13:33
say the world is mourning hellacious depth.
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ไธ–็•Œใฏๅœฐ็„ใฎๆทฑใ•ใ‚’ๆ‚ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
13:39
So notice here I use the present continuous is mourning because it's an action taking
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใŒๅ–ชใซๆœใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€
13:48
place now, and notice in this case, are put the death of now these two sentences have
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็พๅœจ่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹่กŒๅ‹•ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใฏใ€
13:57
exactly the same meaning Kelly's death the death of Pele.
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ใ‚ฑใƒชใƒผใฎๆญปใ€ใƒšใƒฌใฎๆญปใจใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใกใพใ™ ใ€‚
14:03
The reason why my first example I chose to use the death of because we want to emphasize
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ๆœ€ๅˆใฎไพ‹ใงๆญปใ‚’้ธใ‚“ใ ็†็”ฑใฏใ€
14:12
that because that's what mourning is about.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใŸใ„ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:15
It's usually about the death.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ๆญปใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ใ€‚
14:17
So I put that first but you can absolutely put Pele's death as well.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆœ€ๅˆใซๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ ใƒšใƒฌใฎๆญปใ‚‚็ตถๅฏพใซ็ฝฎใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
14:24
Sometimes we refer to someone's death as passing so you could say the world is mourning the
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่ชฐใ‹ใฎๆญปใ‚’ใ€Œๆญปใ€ใจๅ‘ผใถใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ ใฎใงใ€ไธ–็•Œใฏใƒšใƒฌใฎๆญปใ‚’ๆ‚ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™
14:33
passing of Pele, which means death.
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ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆญปใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆญปใจใ„ใ†
14:37
It's some people don't like using the word death because Oh, it's death, right?
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่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ใฎใŒๅซŒใ„ใชไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆญปใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?
14:43
It's so negative.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:45
So I guess passing sounds nicer and nicer way of saying it but in reality, it's the
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅˆๆ ผใฏใ‚‚ใฃใจใ„ใ„่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใซ่žใ“ใˆใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ
14:52
same thing.
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ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
14:53
But you might see this.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:56
Let's continue on.
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็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
14:58
fans started gathering outside so Palouse Albert Einstein hospital on Thursday afternoon,
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ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใŒๅค–ใซ้›†ใพใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใฎใงใ€ ๆœจๆ›œใฎๅˆๅพŒใซใƒ‘ใƒซใƒผใ‚น ใ‚ขใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆ ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒณใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณ็—…้™ขใง่ขซ็–‘่€…ใฎ
15:04
when they heard news appellees death I was signed a banner red eternal King pellet All
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ๆญปใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใจใใ€็งใฏ ๆฐธ้ ใฎใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใƒšใƒฌใƒƒใƒˆใฎ่ตคใ„ใƒใƒŠใƒผใซ็ฝฒๅใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
15:11
right.
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ใ€‚
15:13
Started is one of those verbs, that is an optional Geron verb.
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Started ใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ 1 ใคใงใ€ ใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎ Geron ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚
15:20
So you have the verb start.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€ๅ‹•่ฉž start ใŒใงใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:22
And when I say start is a gerund verb, it means the verb that comes next is in the gerund
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ใใ—ใฆใ€start ใŒๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ ๆฌกใซๆฅใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใฎๅฝขใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™
15:31
form.
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ใ€‚
15:32
Just like we talked about prepositions earlier.
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ๅ‰ใซๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
15:36
With out gathering.
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้›†ใพใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใใ€‚
15:40
Okay, so just to use the same verb.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅŒใ˜ๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ใ€‚
15:43
Now you must use without gathering you cannot say, without to gather.
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ไปŠใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅŽ้›†ใ›ใšใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅŽ้›†ใ›ใšใซใฏ่จ€ใˆใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
15:52
You can't use the infinitive because without is a preposition and you must use a gerund
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without ใฏ ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
16:02
verb following prepositions.
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ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉžใฎๅพŒใซๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ไธๅฎš่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
16:04
So this one's correct.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:05
This one's wrong.
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ใ“ใ„ใคใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€‚
16:06
Other verbs in English there are some optional verbs.
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฎไป–ใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใซใฏใ€ใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใŒใ„ใใคใ‹ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
16:12
So start is one of those verbs you can use started to gather or started gathering.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€start ใฏใ€ ๅŽ้›†ใพใŸใฏๅŽ้›†ใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ 1 ใคใงใ™ใ€‚
16:20
And in this case, they're both correct if you want to make it easy on yourself, I would
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€่‡ชๅˆ†ใง็ฐกๅ˜ใซใ—ใŸใ„ใฎใงใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ใฉใกใ‚‰ใ‚‚ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:28
just remember that start is a gerund verb.
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start ใฏๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
16:33
So start is a gerund verb.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€start ใฏๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ start ใซ
16:34
Remember, it means that the verb that follows start is an ING form.
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็ถšใๅ‹•่ฉžใŒ ING ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
16:41
And that way, it's just easier for you because using the gerund is always correct.
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ใใ†ใ™ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใฎไฝฟ็”จใฏๅธธใซๆญฃใ—ใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:47
It will always sound proper.
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ใใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซ้ฉๅˆ‡ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
16:50
So you could say, I started going to the gym, I started eating vegetables.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ธใƒ ใซ้€šใ„ๅง‹ใ‚ใ€ ้‡Ž่œใ‚’้ฃŸในๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
16:58
With every meal, or just fit with the context of this lesson.
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ๆฏŽ้ฃŸใ€ใพใŸใฏใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใซๅˆใ‚ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
17:05
I started playing soccer.
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็งใฏใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
17:09
Sorry, force of habit.
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ใ™ใฟใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€็ฟ’ๆ…ฃใฎๅŠ›ใ€‚
17:11
American English, we say we say soccer.
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ใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซ่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฏใ€ใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:14
I'll say football.
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ใƒ•ใƒƒใƒˆใƒœใƒผใƒซใจ็”ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:16
I started playing football.
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็งใฏใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
17:19
All right.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸใ€‚
17:22
So remember, just to be on the safe side.
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ๅฎ‰ๅ…จใฎใŸใ‚ใซ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:25
Consider start a gerund verb.
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ๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžๅ‹•่ฉžใ‚’้–‹ๅง‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆคœ่จŽใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:28
But if you're confused why you see it in the infinitive form, just know that it is acceptable
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใชใœไธๅฎš่ฉžใฎๅฝขใง่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ๆททไนฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏ ใ€ไธๅฎš่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ‚‚ๅ•้กŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
17:35
to use the infinitive but to be on the safe side, I recommend using the germ.
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ๅฎ‰ๅ…จใฎใŸใ‚ใซใ€ ่ƒš่Šฝใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™.
17:40
All right, let's continue on.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€็ถšใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
17:44
Kelly had been undergoing treatment for colon cancer since 2021.
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ใ‚ฑใƒชใƒผใฏ 2021 ๅนดใ‹ใ‚‰็ต่…ธใŒใ‚“ใฎๆฒป็™‚ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
17:51
Knowing his condition was worsening, Brazilians had spent weeks reflecting on his life and
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ๅฝผใฎ็Šถๆ…‹ใŒๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซไบบใฏใ€ ๅฝผใฎไบบ็”Ÿใจ้บ็”ฃใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•้€ฑ้–“ใ‚‚่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
17:58
legacy.
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ใ€‚
17:59
Notice our verb tense in both of these had been undergoing had spent weeks reflecting
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎไธกๆ–นใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใŒๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
18:10
okay.
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ใ€‚
18:12
The reason why is in the past perfect continuous is because Pele is now dead.
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ใชใœ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใชใฎใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใจใ€ ใƒšใƒฌใŒไบกใใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
18:21
Right?
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ๅณ๏ผŸ
18:22
So they're talking about an action that started in the past, but it is now complete.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ŽๅŽปใซ้–‹ๅง‹ใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ ใŒใ€็พๅœจใฏๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒšใƒฌใŒไบกใใชใฃใŸ
18:30
The action is not taking place anymore because Pele is dead.
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏใ‚‚ใ†่กŒใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
18:36
And they're talking about it taking place before another action.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใใ‚ŒใŒๅˆฅใฎ่กŒๅ‹•ใฎๅ‰ใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ .
18:41
Now if Pele were still alive, you could say Pele has been undergoing treatment for and
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ใƒšใƒฌใŒใพใ ็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€ ใƒšใƒฌใฏๆฒป็™‚ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
18:53
this is he's still undergoing treatment.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏๅฝผใŒใพใ ๆฒป็™‚ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
18:59
Now, which we know is not true because he's dead right?
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๅฝผใŒๆญปใ‚“ใงใ—ใพใฃใŸใฎใงใ€ใฉใ‚ŒใŒ็œŸๅฎŸใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ‹ ?
19:05
So that's why because he's dead.
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ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ“ใใ€ๅฝผใฏๆญปใ‚“ใงใ—ใพใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
19:08
That's why we switch to the past perfect continuous.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใซๅˆ‡ใ‚Šๆ›ฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
19:13
So this is the past perfect.
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ใชใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
19:17
And this is the present
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†้€ฒ่กŒ
19:20
perfect continuous.
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ๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
19:24
Let's continue on.
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็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
19:26
The hospital issued a statement confirming his death for multiple organ failure connected
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็—…้™ขใฏใ€ๅฝผใฎ็™Œใซ ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅคš่‡“ๅ™จไธๅ…จใฎใŸใ‚ใฎๅฝผใฎๆญปใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ๅฃฐๆ˜Žใ‚’็™บ่กจใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
19:32
to his cancer.
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.
19:34
Notice here we have our gerund for now you might be wondering, why is this in the gerund?
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ใ“ใ“ใซๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใชใœใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹็–‘ๅ•ใซๆ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:42
Because think about the sentence structure we have here's our subject, the hospital subject,
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ๆ–‡ใฎๆง‹้€ ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ไธป่ชžใงใ‚ใ‚‹็—…้™ขใฎไธป่ชžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
19:50
and then we have our verb, the hospital issue.
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚‹็—…้™ขใฎๅ•้กŒใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
19:55
So this is our verb and it's in the past simple.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒ็งใŸใกใฎๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ€้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใงใ™ใ€‚
19:58
So we already have our verb they issued a statement.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๅฃฐๆ˜Žใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใŸๅ‹•่ฉžใฏใ™ใงใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ€‚
20:02
Now in this case, we're talking about the action and the action is in what the statement
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใฏใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใŒ
20:11
is doing.
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่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฎไธญใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
20:12
So the statement is confirming, so we're just talking about the action so that's why it's
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ‚นใƒ†ใƒผใƒˆใƒกใƒณใƒˆใฏ็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใชใฎใงใ€
20:19
in the gerund form.
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ๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใฎๅฝขใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
20:21
The hospital issued a statement confirming so that's why it's in the gerund form.
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็—…้™ขใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ๅฃฐๆ˜Žใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใŸ ใฎใงใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒๅ‹•ๅ่ฉžใฎๅฝขใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™.
20:29
Let's continue on.
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็ถšใ‘ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
20:31
But in a reflection of his status, the hospital added it shared the suffering felt by the
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใฎ็ซ‹ๅ ดใ‚’ๅๆ˜ ใ—ใฆใ€็—…้™ขใฏใ€็งใŸใกใฎๆœ€ๆ„›ใฎใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใฎ็Ž‹ๆง˜ใฎๅ–ชๅคฑใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ€ๅฎถๆ—ใจใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใŒ ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŸ่‹ฆใ—ใฟใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจไป˜ใ‘ๅŠ ใˆใพใ—ใŸ
20:36
family and everyone over the loss of our beloved king of football.
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.
20:41
So this is a way the hospital is mourning the loss because remember to mourn means to
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ็—…้™ขใŒๅ–ชๅคฑใ‚’ๆ‚ผใ‚€ๆ–นๆณ•ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ๆ‚ผใ‚€ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€
20:47
express sadness over a death right?
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ๆญปใซๅฏพใ™ใ‚‹ๆ‚ฒใ—ใฟใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?
20:52
So by issuing this statement, they are in fact mourning.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๅฃฐๆ˜Žใ‚’็™บ่กจใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅ–ชใซๆœใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
20:58
The hospital is mourning his death.
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็—…้™ขใฏๅฝผใฎๆญปใ‚’ๆ‚ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:03
Okay, let's continue on.
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€็ถšใ‘ใ‚ˆใ†ใ€‚
21:05
One man standing outside the FIA SP I'm not sure if that's pronounced as something building
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FIA SPใฎๅค–ใซ็ซ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไธ€ไบบใฎ็”ท ใƒšใƒฌใธใฎๆ€ใ„ใฎๅผทใ•ใ‚’ใ‚ซใƒฉใƒ•ใƒซใชใƒˆใƒชใƒ“ใƒฅใƒผใƒˆ ใง่กจ็พใ—ใŸใฎใงใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‘ใ‚ฆใƒญใงไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
21:13
in Sao Paulo as it displayed a colorful tribute spoke of the intensity of feeling for Pele.
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ใ€‚
21:20
So again, this is another person mourning the loss of the death of the passing of or
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใƒšใƒฌใฎๆญปใ‚’ๆ‚ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ ใพใŸใฏ
21:29
simply mourning Pele.
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ๅ˜ใซๅ˜†ใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎไบบใงใ™ใ€‚
21:32
It is indescribable to say at this moment what we are going through here, the loss wirelessly
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็พๆ™‚็‚นใงใ€ ็งใŸใกใŒใ“ใ“ใง็ตŒ้จ“ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใƒฏใ‚คใƒคใƒฌใ‚นใงใฎๅ–ชๅคฑใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใฏ่จ€่‘‰ใงใฏ่จ€ใ„่กจใ›ใพใ›ใ‚“
21:38
gi madres.
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ใ€‚
21:39
Hopefully I said that right.
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ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‘ใฐใ€็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆญฃใ—ใ่จ€ใฃใŸใ€‚
21:42
What is leaky, Mario's told Reuters news agency so the verb to go through something.
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ไฝ•ใŒๆผๆดฉใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ€ใƒžใƒชใ‚ชใฏใƒญใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒผ้€šไฟกใซ่ชžใฃใŸ ใฎใงใ€ๅ‹•่ฉžใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้€š้Žใ™ใ‚‹.
21:51
This is a phrasal verb because you have go and then you have the preposition through
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ™ใ€‚ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€go ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ ๆฌกใซไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’้€š้Žใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰็ฝฎ่ฉž through ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™
21:56
to go through something.
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ใ€‚
21:59
This is always used in a negative context.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏๅธธใซๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๆ–‡่„ˆใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
22:03
So to experience something negative or difficult, I would say.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใƒใ‚ฌใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ–ใชใ“ใจใ‚„้›ฃใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็ตŒ้จ“ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€ใจ ็งใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:15
And we use this a lot in more of a general context like I'm I've been going through a
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚ˆใ‚Šไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆ–‡่„ˆใงใ‚ˆใไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€Œ ็งใฏ
22:25
tough time, says my father's death.
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ๅคงๅค‰ใชๆ™‚ๆœŸใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€ใจ็ˆถใฎๆญปใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™. ้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใฃใŸใฎใงใ€
22:33
So I'm using the present perfect continuous because it started in the past.
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
22:38
It continues until now, since my father's death I know my keyword is sense.
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ใใ‚ŒใฏไปŠใ‚‚็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€็ˆถใŒ ไบกใใชใฃใฆไปฅๆฅใ€็งใฎใ‚ญใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใฏใ‚ปใƒณใ‚นใ ใจใ‚ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
22:45
And then go through I've been going through a tough time, a difficult time you can use
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ใใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏ ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชๆ™‚ๆœŸใ‚’็ตŒ้จ“ใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ.ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใชๆ™‚ๆœŸใฏใ€ๅ›ฐ้›ฃใพใŸใฏๅ›ฐ้›ฃใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
22:51
tough or difficult both of those are very common.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏไธกๆ–นใจใ‚‚้žๅธธใซ ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใงใ™.
22:57
And remember this is negative to go through something this something is negative.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’็ตŒ้จ“ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒๅฆๅฎš็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
23:03
Our last paragraph tributes have poured in from the late footballer including from Brazil
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็งใŸใกใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใฎๆฎต่ฝใฎ่ณ›่พžใฏใ€ ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใฎ
23:09
forward nine Mar who said before Pele football was only a sport okay to pour in this is a
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ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰9 Marใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ๆ•…ใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ๆตใ‚Œ่พผใ‚“ใงใใพใ—ใŸ.Peleใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใฏ ๆณจใใ ใ‘ใฎใ‚นใƒใƒผใƒ„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
23:20
phrasal verb and it means to arrive quickly.
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ๅฅๅ‹•่ฉžใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ™ใใซๅˆฐ็€ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™.
23:26
Now because think of rain when it's pouring rain, the rain is coming down really hard.
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ๅœŸ็ ‚้™ใ‚Šใฎ้›จใฎๆ™‚ใฏ้›จใ ใจๆ€ใ†ใฎใง ใ€้›จใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฟ€ใ—ใ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
23:33
So you can imagine these tributes are arriving.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ่ณ›่พžใŒๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆƒณๅƒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
23:37
But they're arriving quickly just like the rain when it's pouring down.
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ้›จใŒ้™ใ‚Šใ—ใใ‚‹ๆ™‚ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ใ™ใใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
23:42
So you could say is pouring outside which means is raining very hard.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ้›จใŒ้žๅธธใซๆฟ€ใ—ใ้™ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไผš่ญฐใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒซใ—ใŸ
23:50
You could also say complaints poured in after we canceled the conference.
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ๅพŒใ€่‹ฆๆƒ…ใŒๆฎบๅˆฐใ—ใŸใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ ใ€‚
24:05
So you canceled the conference.
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ใใ‚Œใงใ‚ใชใŸใฏไผš่ญฐใ‚’ใ‚ญใƒฃใƒณใ‚ปใƒซใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
24:07
And you received a lot of complaints a complaint is somebody saying something negative I don't
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅคšใใฎ่‹ฆๆƒ…ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ.่‹ฆๆƒ…ใฏใ€ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™.็งใฏใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฅฝใใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
24:17
like this.
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.
24:19
Why did you do this?
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ใฉใ†ใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ใ‚„ใฃใŸใฎ๏ผŸ
24:21
I'm upset I'm not happy.
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็งใฏๅ‹•ๆบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚็งใฏๅนธใ›ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
24:23
That's a complaint something negative.
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ใใ‚Œใฏไฝ•ใ‹ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใช่‹ฆๆƒ…ใงใ™ใ€‚
24:26
So arrived quickly.
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ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ใ‘ใงๆ—ฉ้€Ÿๅˆฐ็€ใ€‚
24:27
They were received quickly they have complaints poured in.
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ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏใ™ใใซๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€่‹ฆๆƒ…ใŒ ๆฎบๅˆฐใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
24:32
So we generally use this with information that you receive.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏ้€šๅธธใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใฃใŸๆƒ…ๅ ฑใงใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ .
24:38
In this case the complaint that's a negative, but tributes tributes or something positive
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅฆๅฎš็š„ใงใ™ ใŒใ€่ณ›่พžใ‚„่ณ›่พžใ€ใพใŸใฏ
24:43
said about someone else generally after they have died.
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ไป–ใฎ่ชฐใ‹ใŒไบกใใชใฃใŸๅพŒใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใซ่จ€ใฃใŸ่‚ฏๅฎš็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ ใ€‚
24:49
So tributes have poured and tributes have arrived in a large volume and quickly.
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ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€่ณ›่พžใŒๆฎบๅˆฐใ—ใ€่ณ›่พžใŒ ๅคง้‡ใ‹ใค่ฟ…้€Ÿใซๅˆฐ็€ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
24:57
Tributes have poured aim for the late footballer.
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ไบกใใชใฃใŸใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใซๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
25:00
Now late in this context is a way of saying the dead footballer in this case.
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡่„ˆใฎๅพŒๅŠใฏใ€ ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใฎๆญปใ‚“ใ ใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใฎ่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใ€‚
25:10
Remember before I said death some people don't like seeing death so they change it to passing.
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็งใŒๆญปใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ‰ใซใ€ๆญปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅซŒใ„ใชไบบใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
25:16
In this case we rarely say the dead footballer that just seems very abrupt or impolite.
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ใ“ใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€้žๅธธใซๅ”็ชใพใŸใฏ็„ก็คผใซ่ฆ‹ใˆใ‚‹ๆญปใ‚“ใ ใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่จ€ๅŠใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใฃใŸใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ€‚
25:24
Just not commonly said so not commonly said but that's what it means the late footballer
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ใ‚ใพใ‚Š่จ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๆ•…ใƒ•ใƒƒใƒˆใƒœใƒผใƒฉใƒผใŒ
25:33
that means he's dead.
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ๆญปใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
25:36
So when you see a sentence like this one, my late uncle was always late.
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆ–‡็ซ ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจใ€ ไบกใๅ”็ˆถใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚้…ๅˆปใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ€Œ
25:43
We have the word late twice, but there are two very different meanings and this one means
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lateใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใฏ 2 ๅ›žใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ 2 ใคใฎใพใฃใŸใ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
25:51
dead my dead uncle, my uncle who was no longer living.
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ๆญปใ‚“ใ ็งใฎๅ”็ˆถใ€ใ‚‚ใ†็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใชใ‹ใฃใŸ็งใฎๅ”็ˆถใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
25:57
My late uncle was always late was always arriving after he said he would so that of course is
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ไบกใๅ”็ˆถใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚้…ๅˆปใ—ใ€ๅฟ…ใš้…ๅˆปใ™ใ‚‹ใจ ่จ€ใฃใŸๅพŒใซๅˆฐ็€ใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงๅฝ“็„ถ
26:12
late.
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้…ๅˆปใงใ™ใ€‚
26:13
But my late uncle we use a possessive with it because it would be my uncle right so I'm
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฎไบกใๅ”็ˆถใฏๆ‰€ๆœ‰ๆ ผใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใฎๅ”็ˆถใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚ใใฎใŸใ‚ใ€
26:19
using an adjective to describe it my late uncle and in this case, the adjective late
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ๅฝขๅฎน่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€็งใฎไบกใๅ”็ˆถใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ be
26:26
which means dead comes before the person whereas here to be late you need the verb to be to
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ๅ‹•่ฉžใŒ
26:35
be late.
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้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
26:37
So to be late means arriving after this scheduled time, right?
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้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€ใ“ใฎไบˆๅฎšๆ™‚ๅˆปใ‚ˆใ‚Š้…ใ‚Œใฆๅˆฐ็€ใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
26:45
So this sentence structure will make it obvious and the context will make it obvious as well.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ๆง‹้€ ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็™ฝใซใ—ใ€ ๆ–‡่„ˆใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
26:52
So that's the article.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏ่จ˜ไบ‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
26:54
Now what I'm going to do is I'm going to read the article from start to finish so you can
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŒใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ ่จ˜ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ใ‚‰ๆœ€ๅพŒใพใง่ชญใ‚“ใงใ€
26:59
focus on my pronunciation and practice along with my pronunciation.
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็งใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใจ็งใฎ็™บ้Ÿณใซๆฒฟใฃใฆ็ทด็ฟ’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ้›†ไธญใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ .
27:04
So let's do that now.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ไปŠใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
27:07
Thank you king Brazil lights up in honor of Pele Brazil.
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซ็Ž‹ใซๆ„Ÿ่ฌใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใƒšใƒฌ ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซๆ•ฌๆ„ใ‚’่กจใ—ใฆ็‚น็ฏใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
27:13
has woken up to its first day without footballing legend Pele, the King, who won three World
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ใƒฏใƒผใƒซใƒ‰ใ‚ซใƒƒใƒ—ใ‚’3ๅบฆๅˆถใ—ใ€ๅฒไธŠ
27:21
Cups and was widely considered the greatest footballer of all time, died at the age of
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ๆœ€้ซ˜ใฎใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใจๅบƒใ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใŸไผ่ชฌใฎ็Ž‹ใƒšใƒฌใŒใ€
27:28
82 in Sao Paulo on Thursday.
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ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใซใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‘ใ‚ฆใƒญใง82ๆญณใงไบกใใชใฃใŸใ€‚
27:31
Overnight, Pele's face shone on buildings across the South American nation, and landmarks
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ไธ€ๆ™ฉใงใ€ใƒšใƒฌใฎ้ก”ใฏ ๅ—็ฑณใฎๅ›ฝไธญใฎๅปบ็‰ฉใซ่ผใใ€ใƒฉใƒณใƒ‰ใƒžใƒผใ‚ฏใฏ
27:39
were lit up in his memory.
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ๅฝผใฎ่จ˜ๆ†ถใซ็…งใ‚‰ใ•ใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ.
27:42
Fans took to the streets dressed in his iconic number 10 shirt, Brazil's government has declared
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ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใฏๅฝผใฎ่ฑกๅพด็š„ใช่ƒŒ็•ชๅท10ใฎใ‚ทใƒฃใƒ„ใ‚’็€ใฆ่ก—้ ญใซ็นฐใ‚Šๅ‡บใ— ใ€ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซๆ”ฟๅบœใฏใ€ๆœจๆ›œๆ—ฅใฎๅˆๅพŒใ€ไธŠ่จดไบบใฎใƒ‹ใƒฅใƒผใ‚นใ‚’่žใ„ใŸใจใใ€ใ‚ตใ‚ฆใ‚นใƒ‘ใƒซใƒผใ‚นใ‚ขใƒซใƒใƒผใƒˆใ‚ขใ‚คใƒณใ‚ทใƒฅใ‚ฟใ‚คใƒณ็—…้™ขใฎๅค–ใซ
27:49
three days of national mourning fans started gathering outside South Palouse Albert Einstein
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3ๆ—ฅ้–“ใฎๅ…จๅ›ฝ็š„ใช่ฟฝๆ‚ผใƒ•ใ‚กใƒณใŒ้›†ใพใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใจๅฎฃ่จ€ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
27:56
hospital on Thursday afternoon when they heard news appellees Death outside a banner red
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28:04
eternal King Pele Pele had been undergoing treatment for colon cancer sent 2021 Knowing
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็ต่…ธ็™Œใฎๆฒป็™‚ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆ 2021 ๅนดใซ้€ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹
28:13
his condition was worsening, resilient had spent weeks reflecting on his life and legacy.
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ๅฝผใฎ็Šถๆ…‹ใŒๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ€ๅ›žๅพฉๅŠ›ใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ไบบใฏ ๅฝผใฎไบบ็”Ÿใจ้บ็”ฃใซใคใ„ใฆไฝ•้€ฑ้–“ใ‚‚่€ƒใˆใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
28:20
The hospital issued a statement confirming his death or multiple organ failure connected
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็—…้™ขใฏใ€ ๅฝผใฎๆญปใพใŸใฏๅฝผใฎ็™Œใซ้–ข้€ฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅคš่‡“ๅ™จไธๅ…จใ‚’็ขบ่ชใ™ใ‚‹ๅฃฐๆ˜Žใ‚’็™บ่กจใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
28:26
to his cancer.
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.
28:28
But in a reflection of his status, the hospital added it shared the suffering felt by the
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ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๅฝผใฎ็ซ‹ๅ ดใ‚’ๅๆ˜ ใ—ใฆใ€็—…้™ขใฏใ€็งใŸใกใฎๆœ€ๆ„›ใฎใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผใฎ็Ž‹ๆง˜ใฎๅ–ชๅคฑใซๅฏพใ—ใฆใ€ๅฎถๆ—ใจใ™ในใฆใฎไบบใŒ ๆ„Ÿใ˜ใŸ่‹ฆใ—ใฟใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจไป˜ใ‘ๅŠ ใˆใพใ—ใŸ
28:33
family and everyone over the loss of our beloved king of football.
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. ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ‘ใ‚ฆใƒญใฎ
28:39
One man standing outside the FIA SP building in Sao Paulo, as it displayed a colorful tribute
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FIA SP ใƒ“ใƒซใฎๅค–ใซ็ซ‹ใคไธ€ไบบใฎ็”ทๆ€งใฏ ใ€ใ‚ซใƒฉใƒ•ใƒซใช่ณ›่พžใ‚’่กจ็คบใ—ใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€
28:47
spoke of the intensity of feeling for Pele.
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ใƒšใƒฌใธใฎๆ€ใ„ใฎๅผทใ•ใ‚’่ชžใฃใŸใ€‚
28:51
It is indescribable to say at this moment what we are going through here though loss
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็พๆ™‚็‚นใง ็งใŸใกใŒใ“ใ“ใง็ตŒ้จ“ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใฏ่จ€่‘‰ใงใฏ่จ€ใ„่กจใ›ใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๆๅคฑใฎ
28:58
witness Lee Maoris told Reuters news agency tributes have Horton for the late footballer
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็›ฎๆ’ƒ่€…ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใƒชใƒผใƒปใƒžใ‚ชใƒชใ‚นใฏใƒญใ‚คใ‚ฟใƒผ้€šไฟก็คพใซใ€ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใฎใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒฏใƒผใƒ‰ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ ใƒใ‚คใƒžใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๅซใ‚€ไบกใใชใฃใŸใ‚ตใƒƒใ‚ซใƒผ้ธๆ‰‹ใฎใŸใ‚ใซใƒ›ใƒผใƒˆใƒณใŒใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่ชžใฃใŸ
29:05
including from Brazil forward Neymar, who said before Pele football was only a sport.
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ใ€‚
29:12
Amazing job with this lesson.
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ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใง็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ไป•ไบ‹ใ€‚
29:15
Now I've left the link to the PDF where you can review all the vocabulary, the sentence
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ ใ™ในใฆใฎ่ชžๅฝ™ใ€ๆ–‡ใฎ
29:22
structure and the grammar right in the description.
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ๆง‹้€ ใ€ใŠใ‚ˆใณๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใง็ขบ่ชใงใใ‚‹ PDF ใธใฎใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ‚’ๆฎ‹ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
29:26
So if you look in the description of this video, you'll see the link and if you found
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใจ ใ€ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
29:31
this video helpful, please hit the like button, share it with your friends and of course subscribe.
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ„ใ„ใญใƒœใ‚ฟใƒณใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ใฆ ๅ‹้”ใจๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
29:36
And before you go, make sure you head on over to my website, JForrestEnglish.com and download
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่กŒใๅ‰ใซใ€ ็งใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ JForrestEnglish.com ใซใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใ€
29:40
your free speaking Guide.
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็„กๆ–™ใฎใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
29:42
In this guide I share six tips on how to speak English fluently and confidently and until
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใงใฏใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆตๆšขใ‹ใค่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใฎ 6 ใคใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™
29:46
next time Happy Studying!
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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