ADVANCED ENGLISH: ONE HOUR of ADVANCED ENGLISH WORDS to GET FLUENT!

Welcome to this One hour English class.

To help you boost your fluency in this lesson,  we're going to focus on all areas of your English.

I know you'll love it.

Welcome back to JForrest English.

Of course.

I'm Jennifer.

Now let's get started.

First, let's focus on your listening skills.

And you're going to study fast English so you can  

improve your listening skills and add  advanced expressions to your speech.

Let's do that.

Now here's how this lesson will work.

I'm going to say a sentence three times,  

and you need to write down exactly  what you hear in the comments.

After, I'll explain what I said and I'll  explain the pronunciation changes that take  

place in fast English, and I'll explain  the advanced vocabulary that I used.

Are you ready to get started?

Remember, I'll say each sentence three times.

That's out of our budget.

That's out of our budget.

That's out of our budget.

Did you get this one?

I said that's out of our budget.

Let's talk about the pronunciation changes.

Notice that's this is a contraction  of that is that's now we have out of.

We can combine these two sounds together and  

it will sound like ODA outta  that's outta our budget RR.

Notice the word is our because it's a  possessive our budget, the budget belongs to us.

But I pronounce it just as a very  unstressed RR, our budget our budget.

But based on the context, it's  obvious that it's not the verb to be.

R And it is in fact our the  possessive that's out of our budget.

Do you know what this means?

The expression to be the verb to be,  that is, to be out of one's budget.

So we need a possessive here.

One's budget.

That's another way of simply saying  that something is too expensive.

The cost exceeds what you're either  willing to pay or what you're able to pay.

Now of course, you have a budget for your  household and you can often use the expression,  

oh sorry, that's out of our budget to say that  you're not willing or able to pay for that item.

But there's a budget in the  workplace, for example, as well.

So let's say you wanted a standing desk.

So a standing desk is a desk that  you're able to raise so you can  

work at it standing up because  it's more comfortable and it's.

Better for you.

So you ask your boss, can  you buy me a standing desk?

But your boss says no, and he might  say, oh sorry, that's out of our budget.

So this doesn't necessarily mean the company  doesn't have the money to buy you a standing desk.

But they're unwilling to buy you a standing desk.

They don't want to spend the money.

So remember, it can be unable because  you don't have the money or unwilling  

you have the money but you don't want  to spend it on that specific item.

Sorry, that's out of our budget.

I found one for sale, but it's out of my budget.

Do you see a budget?

I don't see a budget.

Let's try this again with  another listening exercise.

I'll say it three times.

Money's no object.

Money's no object.

Money's no object.

This one was easy, right?

I said money is no object.

Notice at the beginning here.

Money's money is.

This is a contraction.

Money's money's no object.

Now, it's important that  you hear these contractions  

because they're necessary for grammar.

Because the expression is to be no object.

Money is no object.

If you don't hear that contraction,  then the sentence won't make sense.

Grammatically, this is an expression that  means the opposite of what we just learned.

If you say money is no object,  

it means that the cost of something  is not a concern or a limitation.

So basically you're saying I'm willing  to pay any price for this specific item.

It's common to use this in specific situations.

Maybe it's your husband or  your wife, your best friend,  

your mother's birthday and  it's a very special birthday.

O on this specific occasion for planning that  special someones birthday, money is no object.

So you might say, can you recommend  somewhere special for my husbands birthday?

Now, when someone recommends something, of  course they're going to think about the price,  

so you can tell the person, and money is no  object, so they know that they can recommend  

the most expensive restaurant, and you're  comfortable with that in this specific situation.

Or maybe in our last example, you asked your  boss to buy you a standing desk and he said,  

OK, sure, we'll buy you a standing desk so you can  

go into the store and you can say  my boss is paying for this desk.

So money's no object.

Money is no object, as you probably know.

Sure, money is no object.

OK, I told you, money is no object.

Let's try this again with  another listening exercise.

I'll say it three times.

I'm beyond livid.

I'm beyond livid.

I'm beyond livid.

I said I'm beyond livid for pronunciation.

Just notice that contraction.

I am.

I'm.

I'm beyond livid.

What does livid mean?

Well, it's an adjective  that means extremely angry.

I'm livid.

Now when we add beyond, this is an intensifier.

So extremely angry.

Livid is already very intense.

But if you add beyond livid,  it makes it 10 times stronger.

I'm extremely extremely angry.

I'm beyond livid.

Just remember to conjugate that verb to be.

So if you're speaking about a past emotion,  

you could say I was beyond livid when  my boss denied my desk reimbursement.

So here a desk reimbursement is when  you pay for something and if you're  

reimbursed it means someone gives you  that money after usually your company.

But in this case your boss denied your  desk reimbursement even though in the  

last example you bought the most expensive desk.

Because remember, money was no object, but now  you have to pay for that very expensive desk.

So that's why you were beyond livid.

You can use beyond to intensify  any emotion, any adjective.

She was beyond happy when she passed.

I else I'm beyond awful.

I'm beyond scared.

That is beyond exciting.

Let's try this one more time.

I'll say it three times.

Her comments been gnawing at me.

Her comments been gnawing at me.

Her comments been gnawing at me, I said.

Her comment has been gnawing at me.

In spoken English, it's very  common to take that auxiliary.

Verb has and form a contraction with the subject.

This is more informal, but it happens most of  the time by native speakers in spoken English.

Her comments been, her  comments been gnawing at me.

So you have to hear that  auxiliary verb in the contraction.

But the sentence structure tells you that the  

contraction is there because  grammatically it's required.

Now, in written English,  

it would be more common and proper to  say her comment has been gnawing at me.

But even if I were to see that in written  form, if I were to read it out loud,  

I would just automatically form  that contraction in spoken English.

Notice that pronunciation for gnawing  that G is silent, gnawing, gnawing.

Her comments been gnawing at me.

What does this mean?

The expression is to gnaw at someone.

When something gnaws at someone, it means that  something really irritates or bothers that person.

That something really preoccupies your thoughts,  which means you keep thinking about it.

You can't get it out of your head.

So maybe you were telling your coworker how you  

bought the most expensive desk because  money was no object, or so you thought.

But then your boss denied your desk  reimbursement and you were beyond livid.

You were telling this whole story to  your Co worker and instead of sympathy.

Your Co worker said I told you not to buy  the most expensive desk and that comment.

What your Co worker said has been gnawing at  you, which means you keep thinking about it.

It keeps bothering you and irritating you.

You can't get it out of your mind.

Even though it happened hours ago, days  ago or weeks ago, it's been gnawing at you.

Something was still gnawing at me.

Now it's secretly gnawing away at you.

No, no.

Why?

Why didn't he?

Now let's do an imitation exercise so you can  

practice your pronunciation and imitate how  a native speaker would say each sentence.

I'll say each sentence again three times,  

and I want you to repeat that sentence  out loud to practice your pronunciation.

That's out of our budget.

That's out of our budget.

That's out of our budget.

Money is no object.

Money is no object.

Money is no object.

I'm beyond livid.

I'm beyond livid.

I'm beyond livid.

Her comments been gnawing at me.

Her comments?

Been gnawing at me?

Her comments been gnawing at me?

Amazing job.

Now let's keep going and let's  review a news article together.

In this article, you're going to  learn a lot of advanced expressions,  

improve your vocabulary, improve your  grammar and even your pronunciation.

So let's review the article now.

So read the headline.

Japanese firm unveils a vertical  pod that lets you nap upright.

So in this picture here you  can see the vertical pod.

So POD is the name for this unit, and then  vertical is the fact that it's upright,  

so vertical, and then horizontal is across.

So it's not a horizontal pod  like your bed is horizontal.

This is a.

Vertical pod and it lets you nap upright.

So just like I said, horizontal you.

Would be sleeping in your bed, you would  not be upright, you would be lying down.

So in this case, for napping for sleeping,  

the opposite of upright would be lying  down, because that's how we normally sleep.

Except if you were in Japan  using one of these vertical pods,  

you'll be napping upright just  like this woman in the photo.

So what do you think?

Before we even read this article?

Do you think you could nap in this pod upright?

Share your thoughts, yes or no?

Put that in the comments.

Certainly an interesting concept.

I wrote that information for you, and  I also wrote the definition of nap.

I think it should be well known, but a nap is  of course a short sleep, usually during the day.

Now in this.

Example.

Nap is a verb which of course you  can do to nap, just like to sleep.

So I could ask you, oh, do you nap?

Do you nap?

I'm asking you, do you sleep for a  short period of time during the day?

Do you nap?

Now, it's very common to use nap as a noun.

If you use nap as a noun, you have two choices of  verbs and it does not matter which one you use.

Both are very common and natural.

Do you take naps?

Do you have naps?

So you can use either one equally.

So what about you?

Do you nap?

Do you take naps?

Do you have naps?

Share that in the comments as well.

Now maybe you'll start taking more  nabs if you had this vertical pod.

Now don't worry about writing all these notes  because I summarize everything in a free  

lesson pedia, so you can look for the link in the  description before we continue with the article.

I also wrote the definition for unveil.

This is a verb to unveil.

When you unveil something, you show it for the  first time or you introduce it for the first time.

So when this vertical pod was  unveiled, it means the public.

You and I were able to see it for the first time.

So the Japanese firm Firm  is another word for company.

Japanese firm Japanese Company unveils a  vertical pod that lets you nap upright.

All right, let's find out more about this.

It's interesting that it's also in a public place.

I don't know.

If I could nap in a public place  with people just walking around.

Interesting concept, though.

Let's find out.

Experts have long argued that  having a power nap at work.

OK, let's look at this because you could  

say experts have argued that  having a power nap at work.

And then whatever it is,  we'll get to that in a second.

But notice how they added have long argued this is  

another way of saying experts  have argued for a long time.

So instead of saying for a long  time, experts have argued for  

a long time you can simply take the  word long and use it before the verb.

Experts have long argued, so maybe you could say  

I have long said that improving your  English is important for your career.

So I've said for a long time, so I haven't  just said this once or twice, I've long said.

Experts have long argued that having a power nap.

Let's take a look at power nap.

A power nap is a nap.

But when I hear a power nap, I.

Picture a nap that is for a short period of time.

So you're really this just?

There to have a very short  nap for the sole purpose of  

waking up and being able to perform better.

Whereas you could have a nap  on a Sunday afternoon just  

for the purpose of relaxing and pure enjoyment.

But a power nap.

You just want to have a very short nap  so you can wake up and be more energized,  

more productive, work better, work smarter.

Have you ever had a power nap?

Do you think the idea of power  naps is a good idea or a bad idea?

Share that in the comments as well.

OK, have long argued that having a  power nap can at work, so not on a  

Sunday afternoon at home, on the couch at  work can increase alertness, Alertness.

This is your adjective, an adjective  to just say that you are very awake.

Your alertness is you're very you're very awake.

So you should never drive if you're not alert.

Because if you're not very awake  that can be very dangerous.

So your your amount of mentally being very awake.

Alertness boost, productivity boost is a  very common way of saying increase increase.

We use this a lot.

Especially in a business context, for example,  

we need to boost our sales,  we need to increase our sales.

I wrote that example here for you.

Now of course, boost is a verb,  so you have to conjugate it.

In this example that nap.

That should say nap not help.

That nap really boosted my alertness.

OK, so here boost is in the past Simple  because it's a completed past action.

That nap really boosted my alertness.

Now previously I think I said  alertness is an adjective.

If I said that it is not, that's incorrect.

Alertness is the noun form is  speaking about alert being alert,  

alert is the adjective and  alertness is the noun form.

So it's just speaking about it as a thing.

As a concept, so my alertness.

Because we often have articles or possessives  before nouns, so alertness is a noun.

I put it here for you.

And alert is an adjective.

I'm sorry if previously I said the wrong thing.

Now again, your alertness is  your feeling of being awake,  

and we often talk about it with mentally awake.

So you could also say that nap  helped me become more alert.

So in this case, alert is our adjective.

I am alert.

I feel alert.

I've become more alert.

That nap helped me become more alert.

So this is what the article or the  company who created this vertical  

pod for upright napping is suggesting as the.

Importance of having naps.

Let's continue, boost productivity  and even make you more creative.

Are you enjoying this lesson?

If you are, then I want to tell you  about the finely fluent Academy.

This is my premium training program where  we study native English speakers from TV,  

the movies, YouTube and the news so you  can improve your listening skills of fast  

English, expand your vocabulary with natural  expressions, and learn advanced grammar easily.

Plus, you'll have me as your personal coach.

You can look in the description  for the link to learn more,  

or you can go to my website and  click on Finally Fluent Academy.

Now let's continue with our lesson.

Now a Japanese firm remember  firm company has revealed before.

Do you remember the verb that  they used in the headline?

It was unveiled, unveiled.

When you reveal something, you also introduce  it or make it known, show it for the first time.

So in this context, is exactly the same.

Has unveiled has revealed.

Now they've revealed A bizarre pod.

By using the adjective bizarre, they're saying  it's strange, strange, bizarre, unusual.

And it is right.

The fact that it's an upright and you  nap upright instead of lying down,  

so you're in a vertical position rather  than a horizontal position, That is bizarre.

Most people don't sleep like that.

At least in North America we don't.

If you're in Japan, you can let us know.

Is this a common practice in Japan?

Have you ever seen this pod in Japan?

So if you're watching from Japan or you've been to  Japan, please share your thoughts on this as well.

So that's what they mean  by bizarre as an adjective.

So we can say strange or unusual strange, unusual,  

bizarre pod that makes it easier than ever  before for workers to grab some shut eye.

So to grab some shut eye, well,  right now I'm closing my eyes.

But you can also say I'm shutting my eyes  is not very common to say shut your eyes,  

but you can say that is more common to  say close your eyes, close your eyes.

But this is where the expression  shut eye comes from, shut eye.

So if you want to grab some, shut eye is  another way of saying grab some sleep.

Sleep OK?

And remember, a nap is just a short  sleep, usually during the day.

And American English speakers, we  commonly replace the verb get with grab.

It's very common for us to do this.

It's more informal, it's more casual,  but it's very frequently done.

It would be very common for  an American to text a friend,  

or call a friend, or just say to  a friend, a Co worker, anyone.

Hey, do you want to grab a coffee?

Do you want to grab a coffee after work?

Extremely common.

I use it all the time myself  and it's just a replacement to.

Do you want to get a coffee, which  I guess is also a replacement to  

do you want to have a coffee after  work, but very common to use grab.

You don't have to use it if  you're not comfortable with it,  

because it does depend on the specific  context if it's appropriate or not,  

but it is important that you understand  what it means in the context.

Even if you choose not to use it,  you don't want to use it yourself.

That's fine, you can just use get or have.

But again, important to understand this is  how native speakers speak in the real world.

So for it makes it easier than ever before for  

workers to grab some shut eye,  get some sleep, Giraffe nap.

So this is the name of the pod, giraffe nap.

Giraffe nap is a vertical pod that  lets office employees sleep upright.

Upright.

So again, very interesting.

Of course they're not targeting this for your  home, because why would you get this in your home?

You have your couch, you have your bed.

That's where you would have a nap, right?

But this is for the office, so  they're targeting office employees.

So it lets office employees sleep  upright, much like the long necked mammal.

The long necked mammal, Of course,  they're talking about a giraffe,  

and that's where the name came from.

Because a giraffe sleeps upright,  many animals sleep upright.

Not really a trait of humans,  but many animals sleep upright,  

about the size as a small public phone booth.

It contains a series of platforms.

So notice here the sentence structure,  because we're not starting with a subject,  

this is just additional information about the pod.

But the sentence really starts  here 'cause this is our subject it.

Otherwise you would say it is about  the size as a small public phone booth.

It contains and then you can continue on.

It contains a series of platforms.

This would be a separate sentence.

This alone cannot be a separate  sentence because there is no subject.

But you can turn it into a separate sentence  by having your subject and then if you have a  

subject, you of course need a verb, and then the  rest of the sentence which describes the subject.

It is about the size as a small  public phone booth it contains,  

but here this is just additional  information about the size.

So this is a more casual way of  saying approximately about I slept  

for about 20 minutes, approximately 20 minutes.

You could also say around 20 minutes.

All three of those are very commonly used.

Approximately is the most formal and then around  about our more casual ways of saying it, It  

contains a series of platforms that support body  weight while blocking out noise from the outside.

OK, if you block something  out, you're blocking out noise.

It means you're preventing it from from entering.

We specifically use the phrasal verb  to block out with light and noise.

So in this case it's noise.

So if you're in this public place, you don't  

have to worry about wearing earplugs  because the pod itself is soundproof.

It blocks out the noise.

But I wonder if it blocks out the light, because  the room is very light and when you're napping  

it's probably easier if it's dark, but it looks  like it does have a cover, and maybe when you  

close the cover it becomes completely dark as  well, so it could also block out the light.

Otherwise, you might want to wear  an eye mask to block out the light,  

and I wrote that example here.

This eye mask really blocks out the light.

Let's continue.

However, at just 8.4 feet high and four feet wide,  

claustrophobes might want  to opt for the office sofa.

OK, claustrophobes.

The more common expression is claustrophobics.

Listen to the pronunciation claustrophobic,  claustrophobic, and then you add an S to it to  

mean all claustrophobic people, claustrophobics,  claustrophobics, people who are claustrophobic.

And then if you just say claustrophobics,  it means people who are claustrophobic.

So claustrophobics don't like small  spaces, it makes them very uncomfortable.

So maybe even being in an elevator would be  uncomfortable because it's a small enclosed space.

And of course our vertical  pod is a small enclosed space.

Especially if you put the cover over it to block  out the light, it would feel even more enclosed.

So if you're claustrophobic, you  wouldn't like this claustrophobes.

Claustrophobics wouldn't like this.

Claustrophobes might want  to opt for the office sofa.

If you opt for something, it means  you choose that as an option.

So let's say you're going mattress shopping and  

there are so many different types  of mattresses to choose from.

You could say we opted for a firm mattress  to mean that you chose a firm mattress,  

and there were many, many other options.

Now, to use this expression,  there could just be two options,  

firm and soft, and you opted  for the firm mattress you.

We use the preposition for  if it's followed by a noun.

If it's a verb, then you just use the infinitive.

We opted to buy a firm mattress and opt is a verb,  

so you need to conjugate it and  that's why it's in the past simple.

With the Ed, we opted to buy a firm mattress,  

which is just another way of saying  we chose to buy a firm mattress.

So claustrophobes might want  to opt for the office sofa,  

so they have the vertical pod, which  might make them feel claustrophobic.

Or they have the office  sofa, so if they opt for it,  

they choose the office sofa and  they don't choose the vertical pod.

What about you?

Which one would you opt for?

Would you opt for the pod or the sofa?

I think I would personally give the pod a try.

I'm not claustrophobic so that wouldn't  bother me at all and it looks interesting.

I would definitely like to  try a power nap in the pod.

The giraffe pod.

OK, let's continue.

The firm said it's working towards a society  where everyone can easily take a nap.

So remember here we have our verb take a  nap, but you can also use which verb have.

You can also use have a nap or you could also.

Just say where everyone can easily nap  and you can just use nap as a verb.

So instead of take a nap, have a  nap, You can just say easily nap.

So I'll put this one under here.

Can easily nap.

Can easily have a nap.

Can easily take a nap and ultimately  improve business and healthcare.

So the company believes in naps.

They they think that they're very beneficial,  

so they want everyone in  society to regularly have naps.

Do you think that would be a good idea?

Feel free to share.

There are probably many people who have been  unable to get rid of their physical fatigue.

Fatigue is another way of saying tiredness,  sleepiness, that feeling of being tired.

But fatigue, it sounds stronger.

It affects your whole health.

Fatigue.

So I wrote Extreme tiredness  for fatigue and to get Rid.

Of this is another way of saying to eliminate, to  permanently remove, to get rid of, to get rid of  

their physical fatigue and stress and have endured  sleepiness and continued to work, The firm says  

the verb endure simply means to experience, but  we only use it for difficult, negative things.

So I wouldn't say, oh I endured  a beautiful day at the park it  

because a beautiful day at the  park is not a difficult thing.

I endured a night of terrible  sleep, so I experienced it,  

but I experienced it in a very negative way.

I endured a night of difficult,  restless sleep, so now I'm fatigued.

I'm extremely tired, so have endured  sleepiness and continue to work, the firm says.

Now we are approaching an era where  we're breaking down such stereotypes.

So if you break down a stereotype,  it means you try to eliminate it.

So you could use the get rid of.

We're trying to get rid of, eliminate such  stereotypes, eliminate and I'll write down,  

get rid of and the stereotype, although  they don't specifically say it here,  

I guess the stereotype would be that it's  normal to be fatigued and continue to work.

So it's normal to to just go through your 8  hours even though you're very tired, rather than  

have a nap, a power nap, and try to boost your  alertness, your productivity, your creativity.

I think that's the stereotype because I don't know  about in your country or your part of the world,  

but in North America, I would say naps  aren't really something that most adults do.

And I guess it's probably viewed more  as as like why do you need a nap?

You shouldn't take a nap, you  should just work through it.

You need to work through the day.

That's more the attitude, I would say in North  America, naps are generally for children and the  

elderly, but not really adults and certainly  not in the middle of the day at work.

It it's it's not a common practice.

It's certainly not viewed as a positive thing.

So that's probably the stereotype.

What about in in your country,  in your part of the world?

Is our naps viewed more  positively as being productive?

Is it appropriate for an adult to have  a nap in the middle of the day at work?

So share that because I would be really  interested to know because in North  

America I would say currently I it isn't a common  practice, It wouldn't be viewed very positively.

And I think that's the stereotype they're  trying to break down, eliminate, get rid of.

Let's continue.

The company recommends a nap time of 20 minutes.

So a nap time of 20 minutes.

That's the total length of the nap.

I'm laughing a little because when you say, oh,  it's nap time, this is what we say to children.

And remember I said, oh, in North America,  it's not common for adults to have a nap.

I have only ever heard of nap  time in the context of a child.

Oh, it's nap time.

Oh, it's my kids nap time.

Sorry, I can't.

I can't grab a coffee.

It's my kids nap time.

But in this context, that's  not how they're using it.

They're just saying a nap duration of 20 minutes  is just funny seeing nap time because as I said,  

that's what parents use with their children.

So a nap duration of 20 minutes as anything longer  than 30 minutes can affect your sleep at night.

So again, that's the concept of a power nap.

A power nap.

There's really that emphasis  on the nap not being very long,  

and the sole purpose of it is so you can wake  up more alert, more productive, more creative.

Not because you want to have this relaxing,  

enjoyable, lazy sleep on the  couch on a Sunday afternoon.

That's not the purpose.

So a power nap.

And that's the end of our article.

So I'm interested to hear your thoughts about  naps and how your culture, your society,  

your country views naps in general, 'cause I  shared at least how it's viewed in North America.

And now what I'll do is I'll read  the article from start to finish  

and this time you can focus on my pronunciation.

Japanese firm unveils a vertical  pod that lets you nap upright.

Experts have long argued that having a  power nap at work can increase alertness,  

boost productivity, and  even make you more creative.

Now a Japanese firm has revealed A bizarre pod  

that makes it easier than ever  before for workers to grab some.

Giraffe Nap is a vertical pod that  lets office employees sleep upright,  

much like the long necked mammal.

About the size as a small public  phone booth, it contains a series  

of platforms that support body weight  while blocking out noise from the outside.

However, at just 8.4 feet high and four feet wide,  

claustrophobes might want  to opt for the office sofa.

The firm said it is working towards a society  

where everyone can easily take an app and  ultimately improve business and healthcare.

There are probably many people who have been  unable to get rid of their physical fatigue  

and stress and have endured sleepiness  and continue to work, the firm says.

Now we are approaching an era where  we're breaking down such stereotypes.

The company recommends a nap time of 20 minutes,  

as anything longer than 30 minutes  can affect your sleep at night.

You are doing amazing.

Let's keep going.

And now let's focus on phrasal verbs,  

because they're such an important  part of a native speaker's vocabulary.

So now we'll learn some very common phrasal verbs.

Now, first in the lesson, I'm going to quiz you  to see how well you know these phrasal verbs.

And then after the quiz, I'll  explain each phrasal verb in detail.

And then you'll do the quiz again so you can  

see how much you've improved in  just the short period of time.

So let's start your quiz now.

Question one, I really appreciate how  much time you spend the annual report.

Now I'm only going to give you 3 seconds  to answer, which isn't very much time,  

so feel free to hit pause,  take as much time as you need,  

and when you're ready to see the answer,  hit play, grinding away at question two.

I know the fire alarm was scary, but  you need to pull yourself together.

Question 3.

My coworker is so annoying he always Justin  Bieber songs in the office belts out.

Question four.

I couldn't think of the word for bridge  in my presentation, so I acted it out.

Question 5 We need to be honest with the team.

We shouldn't the auditor's  recommendations talk down.

Question 6.

The fact that my husband forgot my  birthday has been all week gnawing at me.

Question 7.

The team Numerous penalties during the  competition racked up question eight.

I think the comedian's humor I've been  telling jokes since the show rugged off on me.

Question 9 No need to apologize.

Everyone from time to time slips up.

And finally, question 10.

I'll be in your city next week for a conference.

I hope you have time to to catch up.

So how'd you do with the quiz now?

Don't worry if it was difficult.

Don't worry if you got zero questions right,  

because now I'm going to explain  each phrasal verb in detail.

And I promise, after the next  quiz you'll do a lot better.

So let's review each phrasal verb.

Now #1 to act out.

This is when you perform or explain  something using actions and gestures.

For example, right now I'm acting out.

It's raining.

Using my actions and my gestures, I'm teaching  you this one because when you don't speak a  

language fluently, often we act out what we  mean to help the other person understand.

For example, I couldn't think of the  word for sunrise, so I acted it out.

How you're going to act out sunrise?

I'm not sure.

You can try though.

Another example.

I'm not sure what you mean.

Could you try acting it out?

This could be a smart way for you to understand  what someone else is saying #2 to belt out.

I love this one because it means to sing loudly.

For example, the crowd belted out  the national anthem before the game.

So the crowd sang the national anthem loudly.

They belted it out.

And here's another example that is true for me.

I love driving alone because I  can belt out my favorite songs.

I can sing those songs very loudly  #3 to catch up with someone.

This is a must know phrasal verb.

This is when you meet someone after a period  of time to find out what they've been doing.

So let's say you and your friend  haven't seen each other for one month.

Well, you don't know what your friend  has been doing for that one month.

So you could text your friend  and say we need to catch up.

Are you free tomorrow?

This is a very common way that two native  speakers will arrange a social gathering.

You could also simply say let's catch up  soon, and this means let's meet soon so I  

can find out what you've been doing  and you can find out what I've been  

doing since the last time we saw each  other #4 to grind away at something.

This is when you work on some something  for a long time or with a lot of effort.

For example, I had to grind  away at my taxes all weekend.

So this means I worked on my taxes,  but because I said grind away at,  

you know, it took me a long  time and a lot of effort,  

You could also say I've been grinding away at  this report all week, but it's still not done.

So you've spent a lot of time on this report.

You've put in a lot of effort,  but it's still not done.

You've been grinding away at it.

#5 to not at.

This means to trouble, worry, or annoy someone.

First of all, notice that silent G gnaw  gnaw it starts with a an N sound not to not.

For example, his text message  has been gnawing at me all day,  

so his text message has been troubling  me, worrying me, or annoying me.

You don't exactly know which one it is, but  based on context and based on my emotion,  

my facial emotion, you would know his text  message has been gnawing at me all day.

Or let's say you were in a meeting and  your coworker said something negative  

about you in front of everyone  and it's been bothering you.

Well your friend could say don't  let his comment gnaw at you,  

don't let his comment bother you or annoy you.

Number six to pull oneself together.

This means to become calm or to  regain control of your emotions.

Calm down, calm down, calm down.

So let's say your Co worker made that  angry or rude or mean comment towards  

you in front of everyone else  and you became very emotional.

You became very upset or  very agitated or very angry.

Even your friend could say pull  yourself together to let you know  

you need to regain control of your emotions  because you're being too upset, too angry.

We also commonly use this in the  imperative pull yourself together.

So notice with the imperative you start  with the base verb pull yourself together.

You need to pull yourself together.

Both of those are very common.

And then an hour later, your friend could  say, hey, I was calling you, where were you?

And you could say, oh, I went for a  walk alone, to pull myself together,  

to regain control of my emotions and  simply to become calm, #7 to rack up  

this means to acquire a lot of something,  and that something is generally negative.

For example, I racked up a lot of  parking tickets while I was on vacation.

So maybe you're in a new city and you're not  familiar with the parking rules and regulations,  

so you racked up a lot of parking tickets.

Parking tickets are, of course, negative.

Or you could say when I was a student,  I racked up a lot of student debt.

Again, student debt is of course  a negative and you racked it up.

You acquired it.

#8 To rub off on this is when a quality  or a characteristic is passed from one  

person to another person, for example, her  passion and enthusiasm rubbed off on me.

So this means my friend was being very  passionate and enthusiastic and because of  

that I became very passionate and enthusiastic,  so her passion and enthusiasm rubbed off on me.

But we also use this with negative  qualities and characteristics.

For example, don't let Frank's  anxiety rub off on you.

So Frank is always anxious, and he's sharing  his anxieties in public with his team.

If you're not careful, his anxieties could rub  off on you, which means you will become anxious  

simply because Frank is anxious and you're  in the same room as Frank #9 to slip up.

This means to make a careless error or mistake.

For example, I can't believe I slipped  up and told her about her surprise party.

So there was a surprise party  being planned for this person,  

and because it's a surprise, you're  not supposed to let the person know.

But I slipped up and I told her about the party.

I made a mistake and it was a careless mistake.

I should have known better.

Another example, you purchased  1000 units instead of 100 units.

That was a real slip up.

What do you notice here?

A slip up here is being used as the  noun form to simply mean a mistake,  

a careless mistake, and finally #10 to talk down.

This is when you try to make  something sound less important,  

less important than it really is in reality.

For example, the CEO tried to  talk down the recent layoffs.

Layoffs is when you fire people from a company  because there is no longer work for them.

So that sounds like the  company could be in trouble.

But if you try to talk down the recent layoffs,  

it means you try to make them sound less  severe, less important than they really are.

Or remember when I accidentally ordered  1000 units instead of 100 units?

Well, I could say I try to talk down my slip up.

Remember here slip up is being used as the  noun form of the phrasal verb to slip up.

And it means a careless mistake.

I tried to talk down my slip  up, my careless mistake.

So I tried to make my mistake the fact I  ordered 10 times as many units as needed.

I tried to make that sound like  not a big deal, not a big mistake.

I tried to talk down my slip up.

Now that you're more comfortable with  these phrasal verbs, let's do that same  

quiz again so you can see how much you've  improved since the beginning of this lesson.

Here are the questions.

Hit pause.

Take as much time as you need, and when  you're ready, hit play to see the answers.

Here are the answers.

Hit pause and take as much time  as you need to review them.

Amazing job.

Now share your scores from those quizzes in the  comments from the first quiz and the second quiz,  

so everyone can see how much you've improved  and that will inspire and motivate them.

Now, you're not done yet because we have one more  

section in this master class and we're  going to focus on medical vocabulary.

And you're going to learn over 50 very commonly  used medical expressions because students asked  

me to teach them medical expressions  they can use in their daily lives.

So that's what we'll do.

Now let's talk about a patient.

A patient is a person receiving medical care.

We will all be patients at some point in our  life, and I'm sure all of us have already been  

patients on numerous occasions Now, right now,  I'm not a patient even though I have a doctor.

I'm not a patient because currently  I'm not receiving medical care.

This only applies when you're in the  process of receiving medical care.

There are two types of patients.

You can be an inpatient, which means you're  admitted to the hospital to receive care.

If you are an inpatient, you're going to be at  the hospital for a night, a week or even longer.

You have a hospital room and a hospital bed.

Many inpatients are in an area  of the hospital called the ICU.

This stands for the intensive care unit, the ICU,  

and this is where inpatients go  to receive a high level of care.

You can also be an outpatient  patient, which most of us usually are,  

which means you receive care without  being admitted to the hospital.

You're an outpatient when you go to  the ER, which is the emergency room,  

you're there to receive care for  a specific treatment or illness.

They treat you and then you leave.

You don't stay overnight at the hospital.

Now let's talk about common medical  professionals you need to know.

Of course, you already know  doctor, also known as a physician.

In North America, it's more common to simply  say doctor, but it means the same thing.

Most of us have a GP which stands  for a General practitioner.

This is a Doctor Who treats  a wide range of issues.

So you can go to your GP because  you have a pain in your back,  

or because you have a cold or a  throat infection or an eye issue.

A wide range of issues you can go to your GP.

A surgeon is of course a  Doctor Who performs surgery.

There are also many specialists, and this is a  Doctor Who focuses on one specific medical area.

A cardiologist focuses on your heart,  a dermatologist focuses on your skin.

A pediatrician focuses on children.

And in North America, whenever you go to a  pediatrician at the end they always give you a  

sucker because kids are always scared of going to  the pediatrician which is a doctor for children.

So they treat you with a sucker or a small  street after an optometrist focuses on your eyes.

If you wear glasses, you  frequently go to your optometrist.

A dentist, of course, focuses on oral  health and your teeth and OB GYN.

I have no idea what this stands for.

I know it's a very long word,  but everyone just says OB GYN.

An OBGYN is a doctor specifically for women when  you're pregnant or to discuss reproductive issues.

An anesthesiologist.

Don't let this spelling confuse you.

Native speakers have difficult with the  pronunciation of this anesthesiologist.

Anesthesiologist An anesthesiologist administers  

anesthesia, which is what makes  you go unconscious before surgery.

They also monitor you during surgery.

A radiologist does the X-rays, CT scans, and Mris.

A psychiatrist focuses on your  mind and mental disorders.

Fun fact, both of my neighbors are doctors.

One is a GP and the other is a psychiatrist.

So if I.

Need any help both physically and mentally.

I'm covered and an ENT stands  for ear, nose and throat.

So that doctor and ENT focuses on those  three things, ear, nose and throat.

There are more specialists,  but these are the most common.

Of course nurses are just as important as doctors.

You can be a registered nurse an RN.

This means you have a nursing degree and you have  

a license in the specific  area where you or a nurse.

You can also be a nurse practitioner, an  NP, which means you have more advanced  

training and you can diagnose and  treat specific medical conditions.

Let's talk about a routine checkup.

This is something that all of us do,  hopefully every six months or one year.

And this is when you see your  GP, your General practitioner,  

just to review your overall health so  you don't have a specific medical issue.

It's just a routine appointment.

We call that a checkup.

A routine checkup.

During that routine checkup, your VP General  practitioner is going to examine your vital signs.

Your vital signs include your temperature,  your heart rate, and your blood pressure.

Now you can also discuss any  specific medical issues that  

you're having with your GP  during the routine checkup.

Of course you can schedule an appointment.

At a separate time for a specific medical issue.

If you are discussing a specific  medical concern or issue with your GP,  

it's possible that they'll  refer you to a specialist.

For example, your GP could say  I'm going to refer you to an ENT.

Remember, that's ear, nose and throat.

That's what the doctor specializes in.

When you see the specialist, or  even when you're with your GP,  

you're going to talk about your symptoms.

A symptom is any feeling of illness  that you're currently having or that  

you've had in the past that you want to  discuss with your GP or the specialist.

And when you're talking to the  doctor, one of the very first  

things they'll say is what are your  symptoms, what are your symptoms?

And then you simply tell the doctor what's  wrong, what you're feeling that isn't right.

For example, I have a lot of back pain.

My left arm is sore.

My feet are numb, which means  you can't feel your feet.

If they're numb, you can't feel them.

My vision is blurry, which  means you can't see very well.

Or you could say I feel nauseous.

Nauseous.

That's the feeling you get when  you're on a roller coaster.

I feel nauseous.

Those are just some symptoms  you may be experiencing.

You can experience or have a symptom.

There are of course many, many other symptoms that  

you could have and that you would  discuss with your GP or specialist.

After listening to your symptoms, the doctor  might want to do some diagnostic tests.

These are tests or an exam to  determine the existence or the  

absence of a specific medical  condition, disease or illness.

Common examples of diagnostic tests  are an MRI, an X-ray, or a CT scan.

After these diagnostic tests,  the doctor will have a diagnosis,  

which is a judge about what the  illness or medical problem is.

Then you can discuss the treatment options.

These are the different courses  of action that you can take to  

address the medical issue or the  different treatments available.

If the treatment option includes medication, well  then the doctor will write you a prescription.

A prescription is a written  order, or in our modern world,  

most likely an electronic order for a specific  medical treatment like a drug or a specific pill.

You can take your prescription to a  pharmacy because at the pharmacy of  

course, they'll be a pharmacist and  a pharmacist fills the prescription,  

which just means they provide you with  the medical treatment on the prescription.

It will tell you what the dosage is and  this is information the pharmacist needs.

The dosage is the amount or quantity of the  medical treatment, like a specific drug.

So how much of that drug are you  getting and what is the quantity  

of the active drug in each pill that you get?

That's the dosage.

The pharmacist will also  talk about any side effects,  

so the side effects of a  specific medical treatment.

Those are the unintended consequences.

So if you take a pill, it might cause headaches,  

but it's trying to treat your sore  arm, but then it causes a headache.

So that's the side effect of the pill.

Any unintended consequences or adverse  reactions, those are the side effects.

And then later you can schedule a follow up  appointment with your GP or specialist to discuss  

if your symptoms have been relieved at all, if  the course of action the treatment is working,  

if there needs to be any changes to  the dosage, a different prescription.

You can discuss all of that with your GP  or specialist at a follow up appointment.

Congratulations on completing  the one hour master class.

You did such an amazing job.

Now if you enjoyed this class and you want  

me to make more lessons just  like this, then put one hour.

Put one hour in the comments.

One hour in the comments and I'll keep  making these master classes for you.

And of course make sure you like this video,  

share it with your friends and subscribe so  you're notified every time I post a new lesson.

And you can get this free speaking guide where I  

share 6 tips on how do you speak  English fluently and confidently.

You can click here to download it or  look in the description for the link.

And you can keep improving your  English with this lesson right now.