English Grammar - Gerund or Infinitive? ('I like swimming' or 'I like to swim'?)

2,014,914 views ・ 2011-09-19

English with Ronnie


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hello there. How are you? Excellent? Not good? Oh, okay. Today, by special request to you,
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μ•ˆλ…•. μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ§€λ‚΄μ„Έμš”? ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ? μ•ˆμ’‹λ‹€? μ•„, κ·Έλž˜μš”. μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ engVid와 유튜브 μ‹œμ²­μž μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ νŠΉλ³„ν•œ μš”μ²­μ— 따라
00:15
the engVid and YouTube viewers, I'm going to do a lesson, yay, a grammar lesson, ew,
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κ°•μ˜λ₯Ό ν•˜λ €κ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예, 문법 κ°•μ˜, 으, 이
00:23
must be done on these two kinds of grammar. One is a gerund. When I first read this, when
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두 μ’…λ₯˜μ˜ 문법에 λŒ€ν•΄ ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν•˜λ‚˜λŠ” 동λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ œκ°€ 이것을 처음 μ½μ—ˆμ„ λ•Œ,
00:33
I was my early teaching, I said, "Gerund? Okay, class. Today, we're going to learn about
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μ œκ°€ μ΄ˆμ°½κΈ°μ— κ°€λ₯΄μ³€μ„ λ•Œ, μ €λŠ” λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "동λͺ…사? μ’‹μ•„, μˆ˜μ—…. μ˜€λŠ˜μ€ 동λͺ…사에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ°°μšΈκ±°μ•Ό
00:40
gerunds." And my boss glared at me, and I said, "Oh, ger, ger, ger. It's gerunds."
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." 제 상사가 μ €λ₯Ό λ…Έλ €λ³΄μ•˜κ³  μ €λŠ” "였, 게λ₯΄, 게λ₯΄, 게λ₯΄. 동λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€."라고 λ§ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:47
"Oh, fine. You could spell it like a gerund. It would be better." The word is gerund, not
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"였, μ’‹μ•„. 동λͺ…μ‚¬μ²˜λŸΌ 철자λ₯Ό μ“Έ 수 μžˆμ–΄. 더 쒋을 텐데." κ·Έ λ‹¨μ–΄λŠ” gerundκ°€ μ•„λ‹ˆλΌ
00:53
gerund. And infinitive. Now, I remember when I was a child, my father used to say to me,
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gerundμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 뢀정사. 이제 μ €λŠ” μ œκ°€ 어렸을 λ•Œ 아버지가 μ €μ—κ²Œ
01:01
"Ronnie, do not split your infinitives." "Okay, daddy." I had no idea what he's talking about.
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"λ‘œλ‹ˆ, 뢀정사λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ„μ§€ 마"라고 λ§μ”€ν•˜μ‹œλ˜ 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μ•Œμ•˜μ–΄, μ•„λΉ ." λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έκ°€ 무슨 말을 ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ „ν˜€ λͺ°λžλ‹€.
01:11
Now, 20 years later, I understand what he meant. Thanks, dad. Yeah, okay. I won't split
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20년이 μ§€λ‚œ μ§€κΈˆ, λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έκ°€ μ˜λ―Έν•œ λ°”λ₯Ό μ΄ν•΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ³ λ§ˆμ›Œμš”, μ•„λΉ . 그래, μ•Œμ•˜μ–΄. λ‚˜λŠ” 그듀을 λ‚˜λˆ„μ§€ μ•Šμ„ 것이라고
01:18
them, I promise. Okay? Gerund and infinitives are mortal enemies, okay? Remember, you can
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μ•½μ†ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μ•„μš”? Gerund와 λΆ€μ •μ‚¬λŠ” ν•„λ©Έμ˜ μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€, μ•Œμ•˜μ£ ? λ™μΌν•œ λ¬Έμž₯에
01:28
never, ever have a gerund and an infinitive in the same sentence. They hate each other.
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동λͺ…사와 뢀정사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†λ‹€λŠ” 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€ . 그듀은 μ„œλ‘œλ₯Ό λ―Έμ›Œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:38
They will fight. Your sentence will die a slow and terrible death if you have two of
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그듀은 μ‹ΈμšΈ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 같은 λ¬Έμž₯에 두 가지가 있으면 λ¬Έμž₯이 느리고 λ”μ°ν•œ μ£½μŒμ„ λ§žμ΄ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:44
these in the same sentence. So, you can choose. It doesn't matter what you use. You can use
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. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 선택할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 당신이 무엇을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ”μ§€λŠ” μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:50
gerund or infinitive. There's no rule that you have to use a gerund here on Tuesdays,
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동λͺ…사 λ˜λŠ” 뢀정사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν™”μš”μΌμ— 동λͺ…사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ·œμΉ™μ΄ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:58
or Wednesdays and Thursdays is infinitive day. It does not matter. What does matter?
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μˆ˜μš”μΌκ³Ό λͺ©μš”일은 뢀정사 μΌμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은 μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 무엇이 μ€‘μš”ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
02:05
What matters? You cannot use them in the same sentence. So, gerund. What is a gerund, you
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뭐가 μ€‘μš”ν•΄? 같은 λ¬Έμž₯μ—μ„œ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 동λͺ…사. 동λͺ…사가 무엇인지
02:12
may ask? Gerund is a noun or a verb plus -ing. So, an example of a noun would be "snowboard."
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λ¬Όμ–΄λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. GerundλŠ” λͺ…사 λ˜λŠ” 동사 + -ingμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ”°λΌμ„œ λͺ…μ‚¬μ˜ μ˜ˆλŠ” "snowboard"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:27
Snowboard is a thing that you ride on down a mountain. So, you can say, if it's your
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μŠ€λ…Έλ³΄λ“œλŠ” 산을 타고 λ‚΄λ €κ°€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μžμ‹ μ˜
02:35
interest or your hobby, you can say, "I like snowboarding." Or, "I like skiing." Or, "I
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κ΄€μ‹¬μ‚¬λ‚˜ 취미라면 "I like snowboarding"이라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ˜λŠ” "λ‚˜λŠ” μŠ€ν‚€λ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." λ˜λŠ” "λ‚˜λŠ”
02:59
like shopping." I hate shopping. Really hate it. So, it's your opinion. I'm going to write,
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쇼핑을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." λ‚˜λŠ” 쇼핑을 μ‹«μ–΄ν•œλ‹€. 정말 μ‹«μ–΄ . κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, 그것은 λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μ˜κ²¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ”
03:09
"I hate shopping" because I hate shopping. "Shop" is a noun. It is a store, but we don't
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쇼핑을 μ‹«μ–΄ν•΄μ„œ "λ‚˜λŠ” 쇼핑이 μ‹«μ–΄"라고 μ“Έ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "κ°€κ²Œ"λŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 맀μž₯μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
03:19
say, "I hate storing." It's strange. "Ski" is both a noun and a verb, and "snowboard"
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"μˆ˜λ‚©μ΄ μ‹«λ‹€"κ³  λ§ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΄μƒν•˜λ‹€. "Ski"λŠ” λͺ…μ‚¬μ΄μž 동사이고 "snowboard"λŠ”
03:26
is a noun. So, we have a verb. Swim. How many of you guys like swimming? Did I say swimming?
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λͺ…μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 동사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 수영. 수영 μ’‹μ•„ν•˜μ‹œλŠ” λΆ„λ“€ λ§ŽμœΌμ‹œμ£ ? μ œκ°€ 수영이라고 ν–ˆλ‚˜μš”?
03:34
You can also say this, "I went swimming." It's cool. This is an example, or these are
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"λ‚˜λŠ” μˆ˜μ˜ν•˜λŸ¬ κ°”λ‹€"라고 말할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μΆ₯λ‹€. 이것은 μ˜ˆμ΄κ±°λ‚˜
03:43
examples of gerunds. Gerund is verb or noun plus -ing ending. So, let's do some infinitives,
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동λͺ…μ‚¬μ˜ μ˜ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. GerundλŠ” 동사 λ˜λŠ” λͺ…사에 -ing μ–΄λ―Έλ₯Ό λ”ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그럼, 뢀정사λ₯Ό ν•΄λ³ΌκΉŒμš”
03:53
shall we? Such fun. The infinitive form is "to" plus my base verb. So, in the infinitive
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? μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 재미. 뢀정사 ν˜•νƒœλŠ” "to"에 my base 동사λ₯Ό λ”ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ, 뢀정사
04:04
form, you can say, "I hate" -- here's my infinitive -- "to shop." "Shop" in this case is a verb
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ν˜•νƒœλ‘œ "I hate"라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ—¬κΈ° 제 뢀정사가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "to shopping." 이 경우 "Shop"도 λ™μ‚¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:21
as well. "Ski," you can say, "I like to ski." This is my infinitive phrase. How about this
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. "μŠ€ν‚€" "λ‚˜λŠ” μŠ€ν‚€λ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•΄"라고 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이것은 λ‚˜μ˜ λΆ€μ •μ‚¬κ΅¬μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이건 μ–΄λ•Œ
04:35
one? "I like snowboarding." In the infinitive, it would be, "I like" -- anyone know the answer
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? "μ €λŠ” μŠ€λ…Έλ³΄λ“œλ₯Ό μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€." λΆ€μ •μ‚¬μ—μ„œλŠ” "I like" -- λˆ„κ΅¬λ“ μ§€ 닡을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
04:43
-- "to" -- excellent -- "I like to snowboard." And this one, "I like to swim." The number
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-- "to" -- ν›Œλ₯­ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ -- "I like to snowboard." 그리고 이것은 "λ‚˜λŠ” μˆ˜μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€."
05:04
one mistake that students make, and you might make as well, is this. People say, "I like
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학생듀이 저지λ₯΄λŠ” κ°€μž₯ 큰 μ‹€μˆ˜λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„λ„ ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” μ‹€μˆ˜ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‚¬λžŒλ“€μ€ "λ‚˜λŠ”
05:13
to swimming." Now, this is wrong. You can never have a gerund and an infinitive in the
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μˆ˜μ˜ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ’‹μ•„ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€."라고 λ§ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 자, 이것은 잘λͺ»λœ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 같은 λ¬Έμž₯ 에 동λͺ…사와 뢀정사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:27
same sentence. You can choose one or the other. It doesn't matter. "I like to swim" is perfect.
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. λ‘˜ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό 선택할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그것은 μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "I like to swim"이 λ”± λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:36
Or, "I went swimming." "I like swimming" is correct as well. I hope this helps you and
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λ˜λŠ” "λ‚˜λŠ” μˆ˜μ˜ν•˜λŸ¬ κ°”λ‹€." "I like swimming" 도 λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” 이것이 당신을 돕고
05:45
clears up your confusion with those beautiful gerunds and those dirty little infinitives.
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κ·Έ μ•„λ¦„λ‹€μš΄ 동λͺ…사와 λ”λŸ¬μš΄ μž‘μ€ 뢀정사에 λŒ€ν•œ λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ ν˜Όλž€μ„ ν•΄κ²°ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:51
Take care. We'll see you soon.
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잘 μ§€λ‚΄μ„Έμš”. 곧 λ΅™κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
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이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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