English Grammar - Passed or Past?

487,076 views ใƒป 2011-12-28

English with Emma


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi. My name is Emma, and today we are going to talk about conversation expressions. We're
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์•ˆ๋…•. ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์— ๋งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๋Œ€ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:10
going to talk about three very important conversation expressions that will help you to organize
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ 
00:16
your conversation, as well as help people listening to what you're saying know where
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๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
00:22
you are going to go with what you are saying. So these are very good conversation devices
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋„๋ก ๋„์™€์ค„ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ™” ํ‘œํ˜„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€
00:28
that are everyday expressions we use. You will hear them a lot, and the other thing
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ธ ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์€ ๋Œ€ํ™” ๋„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋งŽ์ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ ,
00:35
to know about these expressions is they never change. You memorize them as a chunk, so you
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•  ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฒฐ์ฝ” ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ฉ์–ด๋ฆฌ๋กœ ์™ธ์šฐ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
00:41
memorize each of these words, and you use it always together. Okay, so let's get started.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ํ•˜๋‚˜ํ•˜๋‚˜ ์™ธ์šฐ๊ณ  ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜
00:48
The first expression we are going to learn today is, "If you ask me." Now, I quite like
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๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ‘œํ˜„์€ "If you ask me."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
00:59
this expression because I have a lot of opinions, and when you say, "If you ask me," what you
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์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ๋งŽ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด
01:05
are saying is, "This is my opinion." So for example, "I love comic books. I love reading
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๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ "์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด ์˜๊ฒฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "์ €๋Š” ๋งŒํ™”์ฑ…์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
01:14
about superheroes. I like Batman, Superman, but if you ask me, Wolverine is the greatest
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์Šˆํผํžˆ์–ด๋กœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋ฐฐํŠธ๋งจ, ์Šˆํผ๋งจ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋ฉด ์šธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ
01:24
superhero of all time." Now, some of you watching may be in complete disagreement with
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์Šˆํผํžˆ์–ด๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ž, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ € ์™€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:31
me. Maybe you think Spider-Man is cooler, or Batman is way better, and so what you could
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. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์ŠคํŒŒ์ด๋”๋งจ์ด ๋” ๋ฉ‹์ง€๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฐํŠธ๋งจ์ด ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋‚ซ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
01:37
respond is, "If you ask me, Wolverine isn't the greatest superhero of all time. Batman
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๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ "์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ์€ ์—ญ๋Œ€ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์Šˆํผํžˆ์–ด๋กœ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐํŠธ๋งจ์€
01:43
is," and I would have to disagree with you. "If you ask me." "If you ask me, Toronto is
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ๋ฐ–์— ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„ˆ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜. "๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด." "์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ํ† ๋ก ํ† ๋Š”
01:51
a great city to live in. If you ask me, the government should spend more money on health
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์‚ด๊ธฐ ์ข‹์€ ๋„์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ์˜๋ฃŒ ์„œ๋น„์Šค์— ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ˆ์„ ์จ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:57
care." So this is a very useful expression because anytime you are giving your opinion,
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." ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•  ๋•Œ ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€
02:03
you can use it. And remember, even though it says, "Ask me," you don't need to be asked
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  "Ask me"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
02:09
your opinion to use this. Even if somebody doesn't want to know your opinion, you can
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๊ฒฌ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋”๋ผ๋„
02:13
still use this in a conversation and say, "If you ask me."
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๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ "If you ask me"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:18
All right. Number two, "speaking of." "Speaking of" is very important because in English,
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ, "๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Speaking of"๋Š” ์˜์–ด์—์„œ
02:26
we really like to link things. We like conversation to flow very smoothly. We like to know where
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์‚ฌ๋ฌผ์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์›ํ™œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
02:34
somebody is going in the conversation. So speaking of, what it does is it links a new
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๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด
02:42
topic to an old topic. So I'll give you an example. We were just talking about Wolverine
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์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ด์ „ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์Šˆํผํžˆ์–ด๋กœ๋กœ์„œ์˜ ์šธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:49
as a superhero. I said, "If you ask me, I think Wolverine is the greatest superhero
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. "์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋ฉด ์šธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์Šˆํผํžˆ์–ด๋กœ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:56
of all time." Now maybe I want to talk about something else about Wolverine. I have a new
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." ์ด์ œ ์šธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
topic I want to talk about. I can use "speaking of" to link Wolverine as the greatest superhero
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "speaking of"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์Šˆํผํžˆ์–ด๋กœ์ธ Wolverine์„
03:09
to a new topic. So here's an example. "If you ask me, Wolverine is the greatest superhero
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฃผ์ œ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. " ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ์€ ์—ญ์‚ฌ์ƒ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์Šˆํผํžˆ์–ด๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:16
of all time." "Speaking of Wolverine, did you know he's Canadian?" Interesting fact,
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." "์šธ๋ฒ„๋ฆฐ ์–˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™€์„œ ๋ง์ธ๋ฐ, ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์ธ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด?" ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์‚ฌ์‹ค
03:24
isn't it? So "speaking of" links the old topic with the new.
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์ด์ฃ ? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "speaking of"๋Š” ์ด์ „ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฃผ์ œ์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
Another example is maybe I'm at a party, and somebody is talking about a hockey game they
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋‚œ ๋ฐค์— ๋ณธ ํ•˜ํ‚ค ๊ฒฝ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:39
just saw the other night. Maybe I could say, "Speaking of hockey, did you read about Wayne
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. "ํ•˜ํ‚ค ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™€์„œ ๋ง์ธ๋ฐ,
03:45
Gretzky's daughter in the newspaper? Some interesting news has just happened with her."
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์‹ ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์›จ์ธ ๊ทธ๋ ˆ์ธ ํ‚ค์˜ ๋”ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ธฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฝ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์†Œ์‹์ด ๋“ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
03:50
So speaking of, what it does is it links, again, a new topic to an old topic.
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๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ด์ „ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:55
Our third example. This one is very useful as well. "As I was saying." "As I was saying."
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ." "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ."
04:05
What this does is it helps you to go back to an earlier point in the conversation. Sometimes
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ์ด์ „ ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š”
04:12
maybe you're having a great conversation. You're talking about movies, for example,
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์ข‹์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋‹ค๊ฐ€
04:20
and then suddenly, there's an interruption. Maybe somebody knocks at the door. Maybe your
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๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์ค‘๋‹จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‘๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
phone goes off, and you have to answer it. Then, your friends are still talking. When
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์ „ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋Š์–ด์ง€๋ฉด ์‘๋‹ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
you come back, you want to continue talking about what you were talking about before.
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๋Œ์•„์˜ค๋ฉด ์ด์ „์— ํ•˜๋˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ณ„์†ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:35
What you can say is, "As I was saying." If I'm talking about movies, there's a knock
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๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๋Œ€๋กœ"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‘๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:40
at the door. I leave. When I come back, I can say, "As I was saying about movies, I
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. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋– ๋‚œ๋‹ค. ๋Œ์•„์˜ค๋ฉด "์˜ํ™” ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด
04:47
really want to see J. Edgar Hoover," a new movie that's just come out.
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J. ์—๋“œ๊ฐ€ ํ›„๋ฒ„๊ฐ€ ๊ฐœ๋ด‰ํ•œ ์ƒˆ ์˜ํ™”๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค .
04:57
Another example. It's not just for interruptions. We use it often for interruptions in order
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์‹œ. ์ค‘๋‹จ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
05:02
to keep the conversation flowing smoothly, but people during presentations use this a
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๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์›ํ™œํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ค‘๊ฐ„์— ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํ”„๋ ˆ์  ํ…Œ์ด์…˜ ์ค‘์—๋„ ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:08
lot as well. Maybe I'm giving a presentation on government, and I'm talking first about
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. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐœํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
05:15
the environment, and then I move on. My second point might be economics. Maybe a third point
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์š”์ ์€ ๊ฒฝ์ œํ•™์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์š”์ ์€
05:21
might be education. I talk a lot about education, but now I want to go back. I want to go back
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๊ต์œก์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต์œก ์–˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ์ด์ œ๋Š” ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค.
05:29
to environment. I can use, "As I was saying." "As I was saying" or "As I was saying earlier,
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ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ๋Œ€๋กœ"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด" ๋˜๋Š” "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ด์ „์— ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ
05:37
the environment is very important to Canada." Again, this is to go back to an earlier point
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์ด ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์€ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ์ด์ „ ์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:43
in the conversation.
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.
05:47
I forgot to mention one thing about speaking of. This is actually quite an important point.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ํฌ์ธํŠธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
As I was saying earlier about speaking of, some people, they don't really get the art
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์ด์ „์— ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”์˜ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:03
of conversation so well. What they tend to do is they'll be talking about something like,
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. ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด UFO์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:09
for example, UFOs. The conversation is talking about aliens and UFOs, and suddenly somebody
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. ๋Œ€ํ™”๋Š” ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ๊ณผ UFO์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€
06:16
wants to talk about shoes. These two things don't really link up well in a conversation.
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์‹ ๋ฐœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์ž˜ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
When you use "speaking of", you want to use something that links to the initial thing
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"speaking of"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋˜ ์ดˆ๊ธฐ ๋Œ€์ƒ๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:30
you were talking about. Don't say, "If you're talking about aliens..." "Speaking of aliens,
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. "๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด..." "์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
06:37
I want to go shoe shopping this weekend," because it won't make sense. You really want
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์‹ ๋ฐœ ์‡ผํ•‘์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š” . ์›๋ž˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ
06:43
to link some aspect of what you were talking about originally to the new topic.
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ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋‚ด์šฉ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ธก๋ฉด์„ ์ƒˆ ์ฃผ์ œ์— ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
A better example would be, "Speaking of aliens, I want to read a book. It's all about aliens."
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์˜ˆ๋Š” "์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
06:58
Or, "I want to see the X-Files. It's a show about aliens." It's good to have a link to
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๋˜๋Š” "X-Files๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”. ์™ธ๊ณ„์ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์‡ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:07
keep the topic consistent. If you ask me, everyday expressions such as
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์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ๊ด€๋˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งํฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š”๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ํ‘œํ˜„์€
07:14
these are very useful. As I was saying earlier, we use these expressions often, and it will
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๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ž์„œ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์™€ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ
07:24
really help you in terms of both your speaking and your listening.
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๋ชจ๋‘์— ์ •๋ง ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:29
Speaking of speaking and listening, if you want to become a better conversationalist,
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๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์™€ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋Œ€ํ™” ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
07:36
I highly recommend checking out our website at www.engvid.com.
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์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ www.engvid.com์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
Take care. Thanks.
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์ž˜ ์ง€๋‚ด์„ธ์š”. ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ด์š”.

Original video on YouTube.com
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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