Grammar: Active and Passive Infinitives

357,197 views ใƒป 2015-01-24

English with Alex


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hey, guys. I'm Alex. Thanks for clicking, and welcome to this advanced grammar lesson
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์–˜๋“ค ์•„. ์ €๋Š” ์•Œ๋ ‰์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํด๋ฆญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:06
on "Active and Passive Infinitives". Now, before this lesson, I really recommend checking
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"๋Šฅ๋™ ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋™ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ"์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ฐ•์˜์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์—
00:12
out the previous lesson that I did on the functions of infinitives, just so you're already
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ด์ „ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
00:18
familiar with how they work in a sentence, what verbs they can follow, and everything
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€, ๋”ฐ๋ผ๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ ๋ฐ
00:24
like that. So, today, we're going to look at active infinitives in which the subject
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์ด์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ์ด๋ฏธ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ
00:29
is doing an action plus an infinitive, and we're also going to look at passive infinitives
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๋”ํ•œ ๋™์ž‘์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋™ํ˜• ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ๋™์ž‘์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋™ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:35
where you are receiving the action. Okay?
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
00:39
So, first of all, let's look at the active simple, which is the most basic infinitive
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋จผ์ € ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ
00:44
use. And again, an infinitive is "to" plus a base verb. So: "She plans to invite them."
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์šฉ๋ฒ•์ธ ๋Šฅ๋™ํ˜• ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ, ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋Š” "to"์— ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ: "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
00:52
Here, "to invite". After "plan", we always use an infinitive. There's nothing special
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ "์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•˜๋‹ค". "๊ณ„ํš" ๋’ค์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:00
going on here. It's just a present, simple sentence.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ํ˜„์žฌํ˜•์˜ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
"Mike's afraid to make mistakes." We know that many adjectives, such as "afraid" can
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"๋งˆ์ดํฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "afraid"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:11
be followed by an infinitive.
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.
01:14
And here we have: "Bermuda is a nice place to spend your vacation." Okay? So, this is
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"๋ฒ„๋ฎค๋‹ค๋Š” ํœด๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด๊ธฐ์— ์ข‹์€ ๊ณณ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
01:24
basically the simple use of an infinitive. There's certain verbs that are followed by
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์˜ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋’ค์— ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š” ํŠน์ • ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ 
01:29
infinitives, there are many adjectives that are followed by infinitives, there are many
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, ๋’ค์— ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๊ณ  ,
01:33
noun phrases which are also followed by infinitives. And this all plays into the rest of this lesson
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์˜ค๋Š” ๋ช…์‚ฌ๊ตฌ๋„ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—๋„ ์ ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:41
as well.
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.
01:42
So, here, we have the active past. So if you'd like to talk about an action that a subject
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋Šฅ๋™์  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ํ•œ ๋™์ž‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๊ณ 
01:49
did in the past and you have to use an infinitive, the structure you use is: "to have" plus the
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋Š” "to have"์™€
01:57
past participle. So, "to have" is actually the infinitive in this sentence. For example:
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ถ„์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "to have"๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ:
02:04
"You seem to have forgotten your jacket." So, I'm speaking to you in the present, maybe
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"๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์žฌํ‚ท์„ ์žŠ์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ๋„
02:10
I'm talking to you on the phone, and you know, you left my party two hours ago, and I say:
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์ „ํ™”๋กœ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ 2์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์ „์— ์ œ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚ฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:16
"Hey. It looks like you left your jacket." You seem to have forgotten, in the past, your
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. " ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์žฌํ‚ท์„ ์žŠ์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:22
jacket. And again, "seem" is always followed by an infinitive, so you have to use an infinitive
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. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ, "seem" ๋’ค์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ ๋’ค์— ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:30
after it. Past, "to have" plus p.p.
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. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, " ๊ฐ€์ง€๋‹ค"์™€ p.p.
02:34
Okay, second sentence says: "I was happy to have finished everything early.", "I was happy
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ์ฐ ๋๋‚ด์„œ ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "๋‚˜๋Š”
02:44
to have finished", so this, you're almost using a past perfect structure because what
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๋๋‚ด์„œ ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค", ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:50
you're doing is you're saying the first action is I finished, you know, I finished everything
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ–‰๋™์€
02:56
early, whether it was studying, work, whatever it was. And then I was happy after that. Right?
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๊ณต๋ถ€๋“  ์ผ์ด๋“  ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“  ์ผ์ฐ ๋๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ํ–‰๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
03:03
So this is the first action, and this is the second action. You can say: "I was happy to
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์ž‘์ด๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋™์ž‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "
03:10
finish everything early." That's fine as well. But if you want to focus more on the order
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ผ์ฐ ๋๋‚ด๊ฒŒ ๋˜์–ด ๊ธฐ๋ปค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋™์ž‘์˜ ์ˆœ์„œ์™€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์— ๋” ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:16
of the action and this, you know, having been completed a little bit earlier, you can do:
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ผ์ฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
03:22
"to have" plus the past participle.
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"to have"์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
All right, let's look at the passive forms. Now, in passive, the subject basically here...
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
03:31
Well, the object, sorry, becomes the focus and it receives the action. Okay? So, in the
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์ฒด๊ฐ€ ์ดˆ์ ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ๋™์ž‘์„ ๋ฐ›์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
03:38
passive simple, all you're doing is "to be" plus the past participle. So, the first sentence
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ์—์„œ๋Š” "to be"์— ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ„์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์€
03:45
says: "They expect to be invited." In general, they expect now to be invited, for example,
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"๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ด์ œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
03:55
to a birthday party, or a wedding, or whatever the occasion is, they expect to be invited
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์ƒ์ผ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์‹์— ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฐ›๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:02
by someone. Passive. They're receiving the action.
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. ์ˆ˜๋™์ ์ธ. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
Second sentence: "We waited to be given instructions." So here, "to be given" is using a passive
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ: "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ "์ฃผ์–ด์ง€๋‹ค"๋Š”
04:16
simple structure of an infinitive. Now, what this means is, you know, we waited in class
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์˜ ์ˆ˜๋™ํƒœ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š” ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
04:23
to be given instructions from the teacher. The teacher is the one doing the action; we
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์˜ ์ง€์‹œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ต์‹ค์—์„œ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ต์‚ฌ๋Š” ํ–‰๋™์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:29
are receiving the action. And as we know, based on the previous lesson on infinitives
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์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•Œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์™€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ด์ „ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์œผ๋กœ
04:35
and common verbs, "wait" is followed by an infinitive. So you wait to do something. Okay?
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"wait" ๋’ค์—๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:43
And here: "Prepare to be amazed!" This is an... Well, how can I say this? Yes, it's
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ: "๋†€๋ž„ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!" ์ด๊ฑด ... ์Œ, ์ด๊ฑธ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ฃ ? ๋„ค,
04:51
an imperative. Right? So: "Prepare to be amazed!" whether this is a tagline for a movie or something
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ํ•„์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๋†€๋ž„ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”!" ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ํ™”์˜ ์Šฌ๋กœ๊ฑด์ด๋“ 
04:58
like that, they are telling you: "Prepare to be amazed" by something. So, you're going
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๊ทธ์™€ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋“ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด "๋†€๋ผ์šธ ์ค€๋น„๋ฅผ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€
05:04
to receive the action of amazement in this situation.
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์ด ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ๋†€๋ผ์›€์˜ ํ–‰๋™์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:08
And finally, let's look at the passive past, which again, just like active and passive
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ˆ˜๋™ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Šฅ๋™ํ˜• ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋™ํ˜•
05:14
gerunds, active and passive infinitives, this is the longest construction and the one that
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๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ, ๋Šฅ๋™ํ˜• ๋ฐ ์ˆ˜๋™ํ˜• ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ธด ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ด๋ฉฐ ์˜์–ด ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด
05:19
is I would say the least frequently used by native English speakers. So: "I'm happy to
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "
05:27
have been invited.", "To have been invited". The structure, "to have been", plus the past
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์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฐ›์•„์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ป์š”.", "์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฐ›์•„์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ป์š”." "to have been" ๊ตฌ์กฐ์™€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ
05:36
participle. I'm happy now because I was invited in the past. So I'm happy. Again, happy is
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๋ถ„์‚ฌ. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ, happy๋Š”
05:44
an adjective. Many adjectives are followed by infinitives. I'm happy to have been invited
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งŽ์€ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ ๋’ค์— ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ์ „์— ์ดˆ๋Œ€๋ฐ›์•„์„œ ๊ธฐ์ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:52
in the past.
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.
05:54
Okay, and finally: "It was an honour"... "It was an honour", in the past, "to have been
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ "์˜๊ด‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"... " ์˜๊ด‘์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค", ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” "
06:00
chosen for the award." I was chosen for the award in the past of the past, kind of like
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๋Œ€์ƒ์— ์„ ์ •๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ์‹œ๊ณต๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ƒ์„ ์ˆ˜์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:06
a past perfect construction. "To have been chosen for the award." Okay.
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. " ์ƒ์„ ์ˆ˜์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ข‹์•„์š”.
06:15
Are you confused? Are you okay? Are you breathing? Okay. Okay. So, if, you know, if you're having
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ํ˜ผ๋ž€ ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์œผ์„ธ์š”? ์ˆจ ์‰ฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ˆ? ์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ด
06:23
some trouble with this stuff, go back, watch my two lessons on "10 Common Verbs Followed
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๋ฌผ๊ฑด์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ "๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋Š” 10๊ฐœ์˜ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ"์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ
06:29
by Infinitives", watch my lesson on the functions and uses of infinitives which are linked to
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๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋œ ๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ๊ฐ•์˜๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
06:35
this video. After, come back, take a deep breath, take the quiz below and let me know
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๋™์˜์ƒ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ์‹ฌํ˜ธํก์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„๋ž˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ณ 
06:41
how you did. And if you have any other suggestions for future videos, please also keep them in
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ–ฅํ›„ ๋™์˜์ƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ œ์•ˆ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๋Œ“๊ธ€ ์„น์…˜์— ๋ณด๊ด€ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
06:46
comment section. Once again, this has been Alex. And I'll see you guys next time. Bye.
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. ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์•Œ๋ ‰์Šค์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์— ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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