English Spelling: When to Double Consonants

270,984 views ・ 2009-05-12

English with Alex


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
Hi, my name is Alex, and welcome to this lesson on doubling consonants for one and two-syllable
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μ•ˆλ…•ν•˜μ„Έμš”, 제 이름은 Alexμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 1음절 및 2음절 λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ 이쀑 μžμŒμ— λŒ€ν•œ μˆ˜μ—…μ— μ˜€μ‹  것을 ν™˜μ˜ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:11
words.
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.
00:12
Now the rules that I'm going to give you today apply when you want to change a word into
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이제 μ œκ°€ 였늘 μ•Œλ €λ“œλ¦΄ κ·œμΉ™μ€ 단어λ₯Ό
00:16
either the comparative, superlative, progressive, or past form.
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비ꡐ급, μ΅œμƒκΈ‰, μ§„ν–‰ν˜• λ˜λŠ” κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ λ°”κΎΈκ³  싢을 λ•Œ μ μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:22
For example, when we're talking about the comparative and superlative forms, we're talking
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄, 비ꡐ급 및 μ΅œμƒκΈ‰ ν˜•μ‹μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ
00:27
about words that end in -er and -est.
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-er 및 -est둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” 단어에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:31
For example, if we have the word "big," for, if you want to change that into the comparative,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ "big"μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어가 μžˆλŠ” 경우 이λ₯Ό λΉ„κ΅κΈ‰μœΌλ‘œ λ°”κΎΈλ €λ©΄
00:36
we would say "bigger," b-i-g-g-e-r, ends in -er.
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"bigger"라고 λ§ν•˜κ³  b-i-g-g-e-r은 -er둜 λλ‚©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:41
For superlative, it is -est, "biggest."
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μ΅œμƒκΈ‰μ˜ 경우 -est, "κ°€μž₯ 큰"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:45
Now when we're talking about the past form, as well as the progressive form, we're talking
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이제 κ³Όκ±°ν˜•κ³Ό μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ
00:50
about words that end in -ed for the past, and we're talking about words that end in
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κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μ— λŒ€ν•΄ -ed둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” 단어에 λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기 ν•˜κ³  μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ— λŒ€ν•΄ -ing둜 λλ‚˜λŠ” 단어에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
00:57
-ing for the progressive.
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.
00:59
Okay, so let's take a look at these rules.
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자, 그럼 이 κ·œμΉ™λ“€μ„ μ‚΄νŽ΄λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
01:03
Number one, for one-syllable words.
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첫째, ν•œ 음절 λ‹¨μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:07
We call this the CBC rule.
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이것을 CBC κ·œμΉ™μ΄λΌκ³  ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:09
So you might be asking yourself, "What does CBC stand for?"
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λ”°λΌμ„œ "CBCλŠ” 무엇을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?"라고 μŠ€μŠ€λ‘œμ—κ²Œ 물을 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:12
Very simply, CBC stands for consonant-vowel-consonant.
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κ°„λ‹¨νžˆ λ§ν•΄μ„œ CBCλŠ” 자음-λͺ¨μŒ-μžμŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:18
So if a one-syllable word ends in a consonant-vowel-consonant pattern, we double the last letter and add
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 1음절 단어가 자음-λͺ¨μŒ-자음 νŒ¨ν„΄μœΌλ‘œ λλ‚˜λ©΄ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 문자λ₯Ό 두 번 λ”ν•˜κ³  μ–΄λ―Έλ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:26
our ending.
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.
01:28
For example, let's, it works better if you actually have an example.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μ‹€μ œλ‘œ μ˜ˆμ œκ°€ 있으면 더 잘 μž‘λ™ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
01:31
So let's look at the word "stopped."
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"쀑지"λΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:33
If you want to say "stopped," if you want to put it in the past form, we see here the
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"λ©ˆμ·„λ‹€"라고 λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄, κ³Όκ±°ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ ν‘œν˜„ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ
01:39
last three letters are t-o-p.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μ„Έ κΈ€μžκ°€ t-o-p인 것을 λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:42
Again, it's a one-syllable word, "stopped," one syllable, ends in C-V-C, so we double
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λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ, "stopped"λΌλŠ” 1음절 단어이고, 1μŒμ ˆμ€ C-V-C둜 λλ‚˜λ―€λ‘œ
01:54
the last letter, P, and we wanted to say "stopped," right, so we just add -ed, "stopped."
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 문자인 Pλ₯Ό 두 배둜 ν•˜κ³  "stopped"라고 λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . "
02:02
Same thing for this word, "drip," D-R-I-P, "drip," one syllable, C-V-C.
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"drip", D-R-I-P, "drip", ν•œ 음절인 C-V-CλΌλŠ” 단어도 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:12
So we would double the last P.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ Pλ₯Ό 두 배둜 ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:14
So let's say we want to say something is "dripping," so we would go P, double the P, I-N-G, okay,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 무언가가 "뚝뚝 λ–¨μ–΄μ§€λŠ”" 것이라고 λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” P둜 κ°€κ³ , Pλ₯Ό 두 배둜 ν•˜κ³ , I-N-Gλ₯Ό ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:26
and let's use the superlative form of E-S-T, or "bigest," for "big."
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"큰."
02:31
So again, "big," most basic form, it's a three-letter word, B-I-G, follows the consonant-vowel-consonant
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ "큰", κ°€μž₯ 기본적인 ν˜•νƒœμΈ μ„Έ κΈ€μž 단어인 B-I-GλŠ” 자음-λͺ¨μŒ-자음
02:39
rule.
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κ·œμΉ™μ„ λ”°λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:40
So we want to say "bigest," so we double the last letter, add E-S-T, okay.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "κ°€μž₯ 큰"이라고 λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆκΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ κΈ€μžλ₯Ό 두 배둜 늘리고 E-S-Tλ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:48
Rule two, this is a stress rule, and this applies to two-syllable words.
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κ·œμΉ™ 2, 이것은 κ°•μ„Έ κ·œμΉ™ 이며 이것은 2음절 단어에 μ μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:54
So if we have a word like "enter" or "exit," where is the stress on the word?
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λ”°λΌμ„œ "λ“€μ–΄κ°€λ‹€" λ˜λŠ” "λ‚˜κ°€λ‹€"와 같은 단어가 μžˆλŠ” 경우 λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ κ°•μ„ΈλŠ” 어디에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:04
It's in the first half of the word, the first syllable of the word.
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λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ μ•žλΆ€λΆ„, λ‹¨μ–΄μ˜ 첫 μŒμ ˆμ— μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:08
So when you say "enter," "exit," the stress is on the "eh," "eh."
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λ”°λΌμ„œ "λ“€μ–΄κ°€λ‹€", "λ‚˜κ°€λ‹€"라고 말할 λ•Œ κ°•μ„ΈλŠ” "에", "에"에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:15
So when the stress is on the first syllable of a word in a two-syllable word, we do not
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 2음절 λ‹¨μ–΄μ—μ„œ 첫 μŒμ ˆμ— κ°•μ„Έκ°€ μžˆμ„ λ•Œ
03:20
double the last letter.
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ κΈ€μžλ₯Ό 두 번 쓰지 μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:23
So we would simply say, if you want to say "entering," I-N-G, we would just add the
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ I-N-Gλ₯Ό "λ“€μ–΄κ°„λ‹€"κ³  λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄
03:31
I-N-G.
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I-N-Gλ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
Same with "exit," again, "exit," the stress is on the first syllable, "exit," "exit,"
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"exit"와 λ§ˆμ°¬κ°€μ§€λ‘œ "exit"도 첫 μŒμ ˆμ— κ°•μ„Έκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "exit", "exit"
03:40
right?
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맞죠?
03:41
The first syllable is more distinct.
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첫 음절이 더 λšœλ ·ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:44
So we would just say, if you wanted to say "we exited the theater," you would just
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” "κ·Ήμž₯을 λ‚˜κ°”λ‹€"κ³  λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄
03:49
add E-D.
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E-Dλ₯Ό μΆ”κ°€ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:50
Okay, so what do you think happens when the stress is on the second syllable?
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, κ°•μ„Έκ°€ 두 번째 μŒμ ˆμ— μžˆμ„ λ•Œ 무슨 일이 일어날 것 κ°™λ‚˜μš”?
03:56
So here we have two other words, we have "admit" and we have "begin."
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 여기에 두 개의 λ‹€λ₯Έ 단어가 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μΈμ •ν•˜λ‹€"와 "μ‹œμž‘ν•˜λ‹€"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:01
These are two words where the stress is on the second syllable.
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κ°•μ„Έκ°€ 두 번째 μŒμ ˆμ— μžˆλŠ” 두 λ‹¨μ–΄μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:06
"Admit," the stress, again, second syllable, "begin," stress on the second syllable.
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"인정", κ°•μ„Έ, λ‹€μ‹œ 두 번째 음절, "μ‹œμž‘", 두 번째 음절 κ°•μ„Έ.
04:14
In these cases, it has to follow the CVC rule, by the way, it still has to go vowel, sorry,
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이 경우 CVC κ·œμΉ™μ„ 따라야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그런데 μ—¬μ „νžˆ λͺ¨μŒ, λ―Έμ•ˆ, 자음,
04:20
consonant, vowel, consonant, and we double the last letter.
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λͺ¨μŒ, 자음으둜 κ°€μ•Ό ν•˜κ³  λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ κΈ€μžλ₯Ό 두 배둜 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:25
So if we want to say "admitting," "admitting," you just double the last T.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬κ°€ "인정", "인정"이라고 λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€λ©΄ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ Tλ₯Ό 두 배둜 ν•˜λ©΄ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:35
Okay, and again, this is "begin," follows CVC, G-I-N, consonant, vowel, consonant, second
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, 그리고 λ‹€μ‹œ "μ‹œμž‘"μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. CVC, G-I-N, 자음, λͺ¨μŒ, 자음, 두 번째
04:45
syllable is more stressed than the first, double the last letter, and we're just going
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μŒμ ˆμ€ λ¨Όμ €, λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 문자λ₯Ό 두 배둜 늘리고
04:52
to put "beginning" for this one.
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이 λ¬Έμžμ— "μ‹œμž‘"을 μž…λ ₯ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:55
Okay, so now that you have that down, why don't you go to www.engvid.com and check out
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자, 이제 λ‹€ μ΄ν•΄ν–ˆμœΌλ‹ˆ www.engvid.com으둜 μ΄λ™ν•˜μ—¬ ν€΄μ¦ˆλ₯Ό ν™•μΈν•˜μ—¬
05:01
the quiz to see if you fully got it.
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μ™„μ „νžˆ μ΄ν•΄ν–ˆλŠ”μ§€ 확인해 λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
05:04
All right, thanks again for watching, my name is Alex, take care.
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μ‹œμ²­ν•΄ μ£Όμ…”μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번 κ°μ‚¬λ“œλ¦½λ‹ˆλ‹€. 제 이름은 μ•Œλ ‰μŠ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‘°μ‹¬ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
05:07
Whoa, whoa, whoa, one more thing.
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μ›Œ, μ›Œ, μ›Œ, ν•œ 가지 더.
05:11
There is an exception to the rule, okay, when you have a word that ends in a Q-U-I plus
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κ·œμΉ™μ—λŠ” μ˜ˆμ™Έκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. Q-U-I와 자음 νŒ¨ν„΄μœΌλ‘œ λλ‚˜λŠ” 단어가 있으면
05:17
a consonant pattern, it actually does follow the doubling consonant rule.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ 이쀑 자음 κ·œμΉ™μ„ λ”°λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:24
Now why that is, because Q-U, when you pronounce the word "quit," the Q sounds like a K, right?
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이제 κ·Έ μ΄μœ λŠ” Q-Uκ°€ "quit"μ΄λΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό λ°œμŒν•  λ•Œ Qκ°€ K처럼 듀리기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
05:34
"Kuh-wit," "quit," you hear the "wuh" sound, it's a W. Okay, so if you have the Q-U, it
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"크-μœ„νŠΈ", "κ·Έλ§Œλ‘¬" "우" μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ 듀리면 Wμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. Q-Uκ°€ 있으면
05:42
actually makes a W sound, which makes this a consonant, vowel, consonant.
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μ‹€μ œλ‘œ W μ†Œλ¦¬κ°€ λ‚˜λ―€λ‘œ 자음, λͺ¨μŒ, 자음이 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:49
So we would have to double the last letter, let's say we want to say "quitting," "quitting."
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ κΈ€μžλ₯Ό 두 배둜 ν•΄μ•Ό ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. "κ·Έλ§Œλ‘λ‹€", "κ·Έλ§Œλ‘λ‹€"라고 λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹Άλ‹€κ³  ν•©μ‹œλ‹€.
05:58
Same with "equip," so here we have Q-U, Q-U-I, "equip."
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"μž₯λΉ„"와 동일 ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ 여기에 Q-U, Q-U-I, "μž₯λΉ„"κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:07
So this is kind of like a W sound, or K-W, sorry, K-W sound, "ip," consonant, vowel,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 이것은 μΌμ’…μ˜ W μ†Œλ¦¬, λ˜λŠ” K-W, λ―Έμ•ˆ, K-W μ†Œλ¦¬, "ip," 자음, λͺ¨μŒ,
06:16
consonant.
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자음과 κ°™μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
Here you're working on the sounds, Q-U-I.
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Q-U-I μ†Œλ¦¬λ₯Ό μž‘μ—…ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:18
So you would have to double the last letter, if you want to say "equipped," you would write
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λ”°λΌμ„œ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 문자λ₯Ό 두 배둜 μž…λ ₯ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. "μž₯비됨"이라고 λ§ν•˜κ³  μ‹ΆμœΌλ©΄
06:25
P-E-D.
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P-E-D라고 써야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:26
Okay, so that's the exception, remember that one, see you later.
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μ’‹μ•„μš”, 그건 μ˜ˆμ™Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜μ„Έμš”. λ‚˜μ€‘μ— λ΄μš”.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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