Smart ways to use the PRESENT SIMPLE and CONTINUOUS in IELTS Speaking | Keith's Grammar Guides

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2020-09-05 ใƒป English Speaking Success


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Smart ways to use the PRESENT SIMPLE and CONTINUOUS in IELTS Speaking | Keith's Grammar Guides

338,802 views ใƒป 2020-09-05

English Speaking Success


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
- Hello, my friends and welcome.
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-์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์นœ๊ตฌ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:02
So I'm starting a series of videos about grammar.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
And today we're gonna be looking at four grammatical tenses,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 4๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์  ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:11
I'm gonna show you how to form them and how you can use
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์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•๊ณผ
00:14
them in the IELTS speaking test.
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IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
Let's do it!
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ํ•ด๋ณด์ž!
00:18
(bright upbeat dramatic music)
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(๋ฐ๊ณ  ๊ฒฝ์พŒํ•œ ๋“œ๋ผ๋งˆํ‹ฑํ•œ ์Œ์•…)
00:28
Hi, my name is Keith and I run the Keith Speaking Academy,
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ Keith์ด๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” Keith Speaking Academy๋ฅผ โ€‹โ€‹์šด์˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
and I'm here to help you speak better English,
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ณ ,
00:35
give better answers and get a higher score
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ ,
00:38
on the IELTS speaking test.
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IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ ์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
So I wanted to start a series of videos about grammar.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์‹œ๋ฆฌ์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:44
A lot of people have asked me about grammar,
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์…จ๋Š”๋ฐ
00:46
but specifically grammar for the IELTS speaking test.
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ํŠนํžˆ IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น ์‹œํ—˜์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
Did you know that written grammar,
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๋ฌธ์–ด๋ฌธ๋ฒ•
00:53
and spoken grammar are a little bit different?
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๊ณผ ๊ตฌ์–ด๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ๋‚˜์š”?
00:57
So today we're gonna look at four different tenses
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:00
all around the present time.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
So we're gonna look at present simple,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•,
01:05
present continuous, present perfect,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•, ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•,
01:08
and the present perfect continuous, right?
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ๋ณผ๊ฒŒ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
01:11
The four tenses in the present time,
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ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ๋„ค ์‹œ์ œ,
01:14
or so we think.
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๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
So when it comes to grammar,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
01:18
it's really important, I think, there are two things,
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์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€,
01:21
two things we should look at.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:23
One is the rules of grammar.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
So being able to understand, know
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
01:29
and follow grammatical rules is important.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ  ์•Œ๊ณ  ๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋ ฅ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:33
But that's only half the story.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์ ˆ๋ฐ˜์— ๋ถˆ๊ณผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:36
The other 50% is about creating meaning.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ 50%๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:41
So what do I mean by that, is that when we use different
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ
01:44
tenses we create a certain meaning.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
And very often it's not about it's right or it's wrong,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์ฃผ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ณ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฆ„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
01:52
it's about what do you mean?
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:54
So for example, right?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋งž์ฃ ?
01:56
Some people say to me, Keith,
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
01:58
when the examiner asks me where do you live?
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์‹œํ—˜๊ด€์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๊ณณ์ด ์–ด๋””๋ƒ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์„ ๋•Œ Keith๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:01
Do you, do I say, I live in London or I am living in London?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:07
Well, the thing is grammatically they're both correct.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
But each one creates a slightly different meaning.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
And it's important that you understand the meaning
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
02:17
you are creating to have good communication, right?
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์†Œํ†ต์„ ์ž˜ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
02:21
In fact, you could say,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค,
02:23
I have lived in London or I have been living in London.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ด์•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:26
All of them are correct, but what's the meaning?
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๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งž๋Š” ๋ง์ธ๋ฐ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
02:30
So we will focus on grammatical rules,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ทœ์น™์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถœ
02:33
but also creating meaning, it's really important,
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๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ,
02:36
especially when we're speaking, right?
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ํŠนํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
02:39
Okay, great, just as we begin to let you know,
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:42
if you're interested I do have an online course.
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๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๊ณผ์ •์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
It looks at IELTS speaking in depth,
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IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น์˜ ๊นŠ์ด,
02:48
different questions and topics,
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋ฐ ์ฃผ์ œ,
02:50
part one, two and three,
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ํŒŒํŠธ 1, 2, 3์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ 
02:52
gives you lots of language
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02:54
and pronunciation to help you as well as ideas actually,
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02:58
to help you do better in IELTS speaking.
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IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น์„ ๋” ์ž˜ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์–ธ์–ด์™€ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ
03:01
It's on Udemy somewhere up here, go and check
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์–ด๋”˜๊ฐ€ Udemy์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ฐ€์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
03:04
it out, if it's right for you, go for it.
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. ์ž์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋‹ค๋ฉด ์„ ํƒํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
03:07
Now, then let's get into that really interesting
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์ด์ œ ์ •๋ง ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด
03:10
world of grammar.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๋กœ ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:14
Right, so let's begin!
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์ž, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
03:16
Oh, actually I've just noticed you can see my Zoom shirt.
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์•„, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ œ ์คŒ ์…”์ธ ๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:22
(chuckles)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:24
My zoom shirt, do you know what a Zoom shirt is, right?
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์ œ ์คŒ ์…”์ธ , ์คŒ ์…”์ธ  ๋ญ”์ง€ ์•„์‹œ์ฃ ?
03:27
Do you know in the times of COVID-19,
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COVID-19 ์‹œ๋Œ€์—
03:29
more and more people are working online?
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์ ์  ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:32
So the survey was done
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์„ค๋ฌธ์กฐ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‹ค์‹œํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ
03:34
and discovered that most people walk around the house
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
03:37
in summer wearing very little, maybe nothing.
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์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ์ž…์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ง‘์•ˆ์„ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹Œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:40
And when it comes to the meetings
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํšŒ์˜์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
03:42
they take the shirt off the back of the chair,
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์˜์ž ๋“ฑ๋ฐ›์ด์—์„œ ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ๋ฒ—๊ณ ,
03:44
they put on the shirt,
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์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ณ ,
03:45
they get all dressed up and then they have their official
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๋ชจ๋‘ ์ฐจ๋ ค์ž…๊ณ  ๊ณต์‹์ ์œผ๋กœ
03:48
serious professional meeting, right?
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์ง„์ง€ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
03:50
(laughs)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
03:52
And well, who knows if they're wearing trousers,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋ฐ”์ง€๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€,
03:54
boxer shorts, one sock, odd coloured socks,
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์‚ฌ๊ฐํŒฌํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€, ์–‘๋ง ํ•œ ์ง, ์ด์ƒํ•œ ์ƒ‰๊น”์˜ ์–‘๋ง์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
03:58
nobody knows, it's the, it's called the Zoom shirt.
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์•„๋ฌด๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ Zoom ์…”์ธ ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
So I'm gonna get rid of this, 'cause I've already got
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ €๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์…”์ธ ๋ฅผ ์ž…์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:05
my shirt on.
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.
04:07
Right, let's get down to business.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์‚ฌ์—…์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž.
04:09
I'm gonna look today at the present tenses.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ
04:12
Let's begin with the present simple, right?
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๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š” ?
04:15
Now, the presence symbol,
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์ด์ œ ์กด์žฌ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋Š”
04:21
is used to talk about states,
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์ƒํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:24
things that are fairly permanent, right?
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์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
04:27
I live in Santander, right?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
04:31
For example, here, I live in Santander.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:35
I work in a university.
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์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
My brother studies law.
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ํ˜•์€ ๋ฒ•ํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
Actually, those are not entirely true.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:41
I live in Santander, that's true.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋‹ค.
04:45
I don't work in a university, I work from home,
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์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:49
and actually my brother doesn't study law,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ œ ๋™์ƒ์€ ๋ฒ•ํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€๋„,
04:52
he studies, he doesn't study.
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๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€๋„, ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
What am I saying?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์•ผ?
04:55
(laughs)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:56
He's older than me.
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๋‚˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ๋‹ค.
04:57
He works, he works in the finance field.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธˆ์œต ๋ถ„์•ผ์—์„œ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
So these are different states, right?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
05:04
We can say, I live in Santander,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ €๋Š” ์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
my, well, let me tell you, my dad lives in Manchester.
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์ œ ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€๋Š” ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
My brother lives in Chorlton.
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๋‚ด ๋™์ƒ์€ Chorlton์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:13
My sister lives in the North of England too.
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์ œ ์—ฌ๋™์ƒ ๋„ ์ž‰๊ธ€๋žœ๋“œ ๋ถ๋ถ€์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
Me and my family we live here in Spain.
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์ €์™€ ์ œ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
So let's have a look at the form here.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:26
So we will say, right?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
05:27
I, you, we, they plus the verb.
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I, you, we, they ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋™์‚ฌ.
05:31
So I live, you live, right?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
05:34
Or in the negative, I don't live in England, right?
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์— ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
05:38
I live here!
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์‚ฐ๋‹ค!
05:40
So it's I, you, we, they plus don't plus the verb, okay?
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I, you, we, they plus don't plus ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
05:45
For example, I want to talk,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€๋งŒ
05:47
but you don't want to listen, common scenario.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ์‹œ๋‚˜๋ฆฌ์˜ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
(laughing)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
05:53
Now, with he and she it's different,
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ์™€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ณ 
05:55
and this is what is the real challenge, right?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๋„์ „์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:57
'Cause you probably know this but you forget it.
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์™œ๋ƒ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์•„๋งˆ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์žŠ์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:00
So we use, he, she or it plus the verb plus S,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฒ ์ž๋ฅผ ์“ธ ๋•Œ ๊ทธ, ๊ทธ๋…€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ S๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
06:04
or sometimes ES when you're spelling it.
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ES๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:07
But the S sound,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ S ์†Œ๋ฆฌ,
06:09
the negative doesn't plus the verb, no, S, right?
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๋ถ€์ •์€ ๋™์‚ฌ, ์•„๋‹ˆ, S๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
06:14
So he wants to talk,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด
06:18
but Jane doesn't want to listen, right?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ Jane์€ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:22
Notice the S disappears in the negative.
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์Œ์ˆ˜์—์„œ S๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:25
So that's the form how we make it.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:28
We've said we can use it for states, right?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒํƒœ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
06:30
I live, so the kind of questions clearly at the beginning
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด์•„์„œ IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น ์ดˆ๋ฐ˜์— ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ,
06:35
of IELTS speaking,
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06:36
the typical questions like where do you live?
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์–ด๋””์— ์‚ฌ์„ธ์š”?
06:41
What do you do?
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๋„ˆ ๋ญํ•˜๋‹ˆ?
06:42
What do you study, right?
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:44
These are typical questions.
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์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
And of course you can use the present simple,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
I live in Santander,
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ด๊ณ ,
06:50
I work from home, I'm a teacher,
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์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ , ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด๊ณ ,
06:53
I teach people English.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:56
What do you study?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
06:57
Well, actually, I study,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•ด์š”.
06:59
if I'm at university, I study geography
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๊ฐ€๋ฉด ์ง€๋ฆฌํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€
07:03
or I study English, right?
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ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜์ฃ , ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
07:06
These are states,
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ƒํƒœ์ด๊ณ 
07:07
and we can use the present simple tense,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:10
we can use, right?
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ? ๊ผญ
07:13
That doesn't mean you must use, okay?
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
07:16
Remember we talked about creating meaning,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:19
so when I use the present simple, I study English,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ,
07:23
it gives a sense of a permanent state,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ์˜ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:26
we're creating that meaning.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•จ์„
07:28
What else can we use the present simple for?
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๋˜ ๋ฌด์—‡์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
07:32
Well, we use it for routines, right?
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฃจํ‹ด์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
07:35
For example, I go to work by bus.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค๋กœ ์ถœ๊ทผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:40
It's not true, actually, 'cause I don't go to work,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
07:42
but I walk around the park most mornings, that is true.
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์•„์นจ์— ๊ณต์›์„ ๋Œ์•„๋‹ค๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
I usually drink tea when I get up, I don't drink
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์ผ์–ด๋‚  ๋•Œ ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:52
coffee, partly true.
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. ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
(air whooshing)
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(๊ณต๊ธฐ ์‰ญ์‰ญ)
07:56
But you can see the routines that I have, right?
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๊ทผ๋ฐ ์ œ ๋ฃจํ‹ด ๋ณด์ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
07:59
I get up in the morning,
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์•„์นจ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ
08:01
I brush my teeth, blah, blah, blah!
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์ด๋ฅผ ๋‹ฆ๊ณ  ์–ด์ฉŒ๊ตฌ ์ €์ฉŒ๊ตฌ!
08:03
So the kind of question you may use
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
08:05
this could be, do you take public transport?
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๋Œ€์ค‘ ๊ตํ†ต์„ ์ด์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:10
Yes, I go to work by bus.
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๋„ค, ์ €๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค๋กœ ์ถœ๊ทผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:12
What do you do in the mornings?
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์•„์นจ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
08:13
I get up, I go for a walk in the morning,
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์•„์นจ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜ ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:16
I drink coffee, what do you like to drink?
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์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ  ๋ญ˜ ๋งˆ์‹ค๊นŒ?
08:20
Well, I drink coffee in the mornings,
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์นจ์— ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ
08:22
or I drink tea in the mornings,
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๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์•„์นจ์— ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹ ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด
08:24
because I don't like coffee,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด๋‹ค
08:28
all in the present simple,
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08:30
so we can use it, the present symbol for routines as well.
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.
08:35
Now, similarly, but a little bit different,
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์œ ์‚ฌํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ์Šต๊ด€์—
08:38
we use the present simple for habits that we have, right?
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋งž์ฃ ?
08:42
So for me, I do cook,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:45
I cook now and again, but actually in my house
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๊ฐ€๋” ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €ํฌ ์ง‘์—์„œ๋Š”
08:49
my wife usually cooks at home, right?
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์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•ด ์ฃผ์ž–์•„์š”?
08:54
Other habits I have, I read the newspaper in the morning,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Šต๊ด€์€ ์•„์นจ์— ์‹ ๋ฌธ์„ ์ฝ๊ณ 
08:58
I drink tea or I drink coffee.
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์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:01
I think I drink too much coffee actually.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
09:03
It's a bit of a bad habit.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ๋‚˜์œ ์Šต๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
So for habits, we can also use present simple.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์Šต๊ด€์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:10
So coming back to the questions
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด
09:12
you may have similar questions, right?
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:15
Do you cook?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์š”๋ฆฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:16
Yes, I cook at the weekends,
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๋„ค, ์ €๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ง์—๋„ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ 
09:18
I cook now and again, but my wife
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๊ฐ€๋” ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€
09:21
usually does most of the cooking,
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์š”๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
09:24
present simple, right?
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์„ ๋ฌผ์€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜์ฃ ?
09:26
What do you do in the mornings?
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์•„์นจ์— ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:27
What are your habits?
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์Šต๊ด€์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:28
Well, I go for a walk,
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ฐ์ฑ…ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๊ณ ,
09:31
I have a cup of coffee, I have breakfast,
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์ปคํ”ผ ํ•œ ์ž”์„ ๋งˆ์‹œ๊ณ , ์•„์นจ์„ ๋จน์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
all in the present simple.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
Okay, so it's similar to routine,
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์ž, ์ผ์ƒ๊ณผ ๋น„์Šท
09:40
but also we can talk about negative habits, right?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์Šต๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ  ?
09:43
I think I drink too much coffee.
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์ปคํ”ผ๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋งˆ์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
09:45
I don't do enough exercise,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์šด๋™์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
09:48
or maybe, or I smoke too much.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ํ”ผ์šด๋‹ค.
09:51
I don't, by the way!
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ !
09:53
And finally, the present simple is really good for stories,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ,
09:58
telling a story,
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ,
10:00
maybe a film that you've watched
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ๋ณธ ์˜ํ™”๋‚˜
10:02
or a book that you've read,
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์ฝ์€ ์ฑ…,
10:04
any kind of a story.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
For example, you may get questions
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
10:09
like, tell me about a film that you liked,
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์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์˜ํ™”์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
10:12
or describe a book you read recently.
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์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์ฝ์€ ์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:16
This could be in the present simple,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:18
we often use it for example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:22
So in this film, right?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ์˜ํ™”์—์„œ ๋งž์ฃ ?
10:23
This girl travels across America,
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์ด ์†Œ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ „์—ญ์„ ์—ฌํ–‰
10:26
and in the end she finds her family.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์„ ์ฐพ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
We can use the presence simple,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ”„๋ ˆ์ฆŒ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
10:32
it makes the story feel very alive
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์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋Š๊ปด์ง€๊ณ 
10:35
and here, and it's very powerful.
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๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:37
And so it's a really nice way to create a vivid
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ์ƒ
10:41
and kind of present feeling towards the story.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ผ์ข…์˜ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
Great, so that is the present simple tense,
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
different ways that we can use it.
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
Let's move on!
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๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์ž!
10:59
Now, number two is the present continuous tense, right?
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์ž, ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์ฃ ?
11:05
Now, by the way, do you like my new lamp?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋‚ด ์ƒˆ ๋žจํ”„๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋‹ˆ?
11:11
This one, it's lovely, right?
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์ด๊ฑฐ, ๋ฉ‹์ง€์ฃ ?
11:13
Actually my wife put it there.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ œ ์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
I think sometimes it's nice to have the female touch,
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๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
11:20
just to make things a little bit more 'alegre' (Spanish).
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์ข€ ๋” '์•Œ๋ ˆ๊ทธ๋ ˆ'(์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์–ด). ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ
11:25
What's that, happy, yes!
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๋ญ์•ผ, ํ–‰๋ณตํ•ด, ๊ทธ๋ž˜!
11:27
(laughs)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
11:28
Lovely touch, so thank you for that!
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๋Ÿฌ๋ธ”๋ฆฌํ•œ ํ„ฐ์น˜, ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
11:31
Now, present continuous!
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์ž, ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•!
11:34
For example, right?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋งž์ฃ ?
11:36
I'm living in Santander.
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์ €๋Š” ์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
(air whooshing)
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11:38
Hang on, Keith, you just said I live in Santander, right?
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(๊ณต์ค‘ ์‰ญ์‰ญ)
์ž ๊น๋งŒ, ํ‚ค์ด์Šค, ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ง€?
11:43
So I am living in Santander,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:46
present continuous, is also a state
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ํ˜„์žฌ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•๋„ ์ƒํƒœ
11:50
but it's a temporary state.
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์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
I'm creating meaning or a feeling of being temporary.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋‚˜ ๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ์ฐฝ์กฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:57
What is temporary?
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์ผ์‹œ์ ์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:59
Part-time, for a short time, not forever.
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์•„๋ฅด๋ฐ”์ดํŠธ, ๋‹จ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„, ์˜์›ํžˆ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:03
No, for a short time, not permanent.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค, ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ด์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:07
(air whooshing)
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(๊ณต๊ธฐ ์‰ญ์‰ญ)
12:09
So it's a temporary state.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
So I'm living in Santander,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž ์‹œ
12:12
sounds like I'm here for a while, but I may move
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๋™์•ˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์ง€๋งŒ
12:18
on to another place later, right?
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:21
Whereas I live in Santander,
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์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ
12:23
sounds like this is my home from now until the day I die,
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์ด๊ณณ์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฃฝ๋Š” ๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚ด ์ง‘์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€๋งŒ
12:28
it's very permanent.
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๋งค์šฐ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
Can you see the difference?
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์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ๋ณด์ด์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
12:32
So for example, if I said to my family in England,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์˜๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์กฑ์—๊ฒŒ
12:35
well, I live in Santander,
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์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
12:37
they might not be happy,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋ปํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
12:39
'cause it sounds like I'm gonna stay here.
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.
12:42
But if I say I'm living in Santander,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด
12:45
they may think, oh, that's good 'cause it's temporary,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ์ผ์ด๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ์ข‹์€๋ฐ
12:49
and you will be coming back to England,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™€
12:52
making them happy,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
12:54
or maybe not.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:55
(laughs)
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12:55
Yes, I'm sure it would.
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ด์š”.
12:57
But, so can you see the difference, right?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ด์‹œ์ฃ ?
13:00
Both are correct, but there's just a difference
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋งž์ง€๋งŒ
13:02
of meaning creating a different meaning, okay?
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์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋ฟ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ ?
13:06
For example, temporarily I'm living in London,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ผ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ช‡ ์ฃผ ๋™์•ˆ
13:10
I'm staying with my brother for a few weeks, right?
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๋™์ƒ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง€๋‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:14
For a short time.
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์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ.
13:15
Whether it's a week, a month or a year it doesn't matter,
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์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์ด๋“ , ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ์ด๋“ , ์ผ๋…„์ด๋“  ์ƒ๊ด€์—†์ด
13:19
it's the idea of a short time.
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์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:22
Another example, right?
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์ฃ ?
13:23
I'm working from home.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
13:26
Now, I guess, people who normally work in an office,
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์ž, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ํ‰์†Œ์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋ฌด์‹ค์—์„œ ์ผ
13:31
but during COVID-19 might say,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ COVID-19 ๋™์•ˆ์—๋Š”
13:34
well, this month I'm working from home.
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์ด๋ฒˆ ๋‹ฌ์— ์ €๋Š” ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:38
But I would say I work from home, why?
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:43
That's right because for me it's my job,
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์ œ ์ผ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:46
I permanently work here, I work from home, right?
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์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
13:51
It's a permanent state, I always work from home.
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์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:54
But somebody who does it temporary might say,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€
13:57
well, I'm working from home for the month of August.
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8์›” ํ•œ ๋‹ฌ ๋™์•ˆ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:01
Okay, that's the difference.
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด์•ผ.
14:03
Now, when it comes to study,
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์ด์ œ ๊ณต๋ถ€์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”,
14:04
we may say my brother is studying law at university,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ˜•์ด ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ๋ฒ•ํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜
14:08
or my brother studies law at university,
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14:11
they're both correct but one is slightly a feeling
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๋‹ค ๋งž์ง€๋งŒ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„
14:15
of more permanent and one is less permanent, right?
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๋” ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋œ ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋Š๋‚Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:18
So for example, how can you create meaning?
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
14:21
If I go to a job interview,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฉด์ ‘์„ ๋ณด๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€์„œ
14:24
and I want to make the interviewer,
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๋ฉด์ ‘๊ด€์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
14:28
feel I want to work there, I want to go there, right?
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์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๋ผ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
14:32
I might say, well, I'm studying law at university,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ €๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ๋ฒ•ํ•™์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:37
'cause it sounds temporary for a short time,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์งง์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:40
and that I'm really keen to come, to stop studying
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์ €๋Š” ์ •๋ง๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ 
14:44
and come to work for you.
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:46
So we can create this nice meaning, right?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ์ข‹์€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
14:49
With the present continuous.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ.
14:51
Let's have a look at the form.
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์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:53
So we will use the subject plus BE plus the verb with ING.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ING์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ BE ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:58
So I am watching TV now.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ TV๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”.
15:02
Of course, I'm not, I'm talking to you now.
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๋ฌผ๋ก , ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์‹ ๊ณผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
You are listening to me, right?
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๋‚ด ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
15:08
She is living in London right now, okay?
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
15:13
That's the format!
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜•์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
15:14
With the negative we use the subject plus BE plus
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๋ถ€์ •์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ BE ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ
15:18
not and the verb ING, right?
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not๊ณผ ๋™์‚ฌ ING๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:21
I am not listening to you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:25
I'm not listening to you anymore!
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์„๊ฑฐ์•ผ!
15:28
You are not talking to me anymore.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ง์„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
And worth noting, when we speak
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•  ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
15:35
we usually make the contraction.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ์ถ•์•ฝ์„ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:37
So I am listening, I'm listening,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ๋‚˜๋„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด,
15:40
your listening, she's listening, okay?
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๋„ˆ๋„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋…€๋„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
15:44
That contraction is very common in spoken English.
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๊ทธ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์€ ๊ตฌ์–ด์ฒด ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:48
I'm not listening, you're not listening,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜,
15:52
or you aren't listening.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
She's not listening or she isn't listening,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:00
that's in the negative.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:02
Good, so the kind of questions we may use
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ IELTS๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ 
16:04
this, again, at the beginning of IELTS, right?
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, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
16:07
Where do you live?
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16:07
What do you do?
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์–ด๋”” ์‚ด์•„์š”?
๋„ˆ ๋ญํ•˜๋‹ˆ?
16:08
What do you study?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ ์ž ํ•˜๋Š”
16:10
Depending on the meaning you want to create,
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์˜๋ฏธ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ
16:12
you could say, well, I'm living in Santander,
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์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
16:16
I'm working as a teacher,
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๊ต์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
16:18
and I'm, or I'm studying,
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๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ ,
16:22
I'm studying photography in my spare time,
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์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ,
16:26
and the feeling of it being temporary, okay?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๋Š๋‚Œ, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
16:30
In daily conversation, we would emphasise the now, right?
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์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์„ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์ฃ ?
16:34
Imagine you meet up with an old friend,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ค๋žœ ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋‚ฌ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
16:36
and they say, well, what are you doing now?
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:38
What are you doing these days or recently?
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์š”์ฆ˜์ด๋‚˜ ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ๋ญํ•ด?
16:41
Well, I'm married, I'm living in Santander,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ €๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์‚ฐํƒ„๋ฐ๋ฅด์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ 
16:44
I'm working as a teacher online,
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ์—์„œ ๊ต์‚ฌ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:46
I'm doing this, I'm doing that, right?
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16:48
We can use the present continuous tense.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
The present continuous is used a lot for new habits.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์Šต๊ด€์— ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:56
So remember the present simple we use for habits, right?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์Šต๊ด€์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•จ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
16:59
But if they're new habits,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์Šต๊ด€์ด๋ผ๋ฉด,
17:01
so again, temporary at the moment,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
17:04
we would use the present continuous, right?
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
17:08
For example, I'm now really into plants.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ €๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์ •๋ง ์‹๋ฌผ์— ๋น ์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:11
So I'm growing some plants at home now.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์‹๋ฌผ์„ ํ‚ค์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:14
I'm growing some basil and some flowers.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ฐ”์งˆ๊ณผ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ๊ฝƒ์„ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
Also during COVID-19, right?
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๋˜ํ•œ COVID-19 ๋™์•ˆ, ๋งž์ฃ ?
17:21
We had the confinement,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ๊ธˆ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
17:24
and so I'm not getting out so much, I'm eating
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์™ธ์ถœ๋„ ์ž˜ ์•ˆํ•˜๊ณ , ์š”์ฆ˜ ๊ณผ์‹์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”
17:27
too much these days, bad habit.
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, ๋‚˜์œ ๋ฒ„๋ฆ‡.
17:31
I'm not doing enough sport, bad habit.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์šด๋™์„ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‚˜์œ ์Šต๊ด€์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:34
So these are new habits, present continuous.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ํ˜„์žฌ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์Šต๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:38
So you can imagine for the kind of questions
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€
17:41
like, do you know much about plants?
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์‹๋ฌผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:45
Of course, you can say, yes, I do!
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
17:48
But you could also talk about the new habit.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์Šต๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ์ •์›์—
17:51
I'm planting some flowers in my garden right now,
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๊ฝƒ์„ ์‹ฌ
17:54
or I'm growing some herbs on my balcony.
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๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐœ์ฝ”๋‹ˆ์—์„œ ํ—ˆ๋ธŒ๋ฅผ ์žฌ๋ฐฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:59
What about the question,
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18:00
do you eat healthy food?
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๊ฑด๊ฐ•์— ์ข‹์€ ์Œ์‹์„ ๋“œ์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:03
Well, I usually do, but nowadays I'm eating
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๋ญ, ํ‰์†Œ์—๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋Š”๋ฐ ์š”์ฆ˜์€ ๊ฐ๊ธˆ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
18:07
too much fast food,
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ํŒจ์ŠคํŠธํ‘ธ๋“œ๋ฅผ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์ด ๋จน๊ณ  ์žˆ์ฃ 
18:09
because of the confinement, right?
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?
18:14
Or what about, do you lead a healthy lifestyle?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฑด๊ฐ•ํ•œ ์ƒํ™œ ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ์ด๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
18:17
Well, I like to walk in the morning,
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์นจ์— ๊ฑท๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ ,
18:20
I usually go for a walk in the morning,
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๋ณดํ†ต ์•„์นจ์— ์‚ฐ์ฑ…์„ ํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ€๋Š”๋ฐ,
18:22
but these days,
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์š”์ฆ˜์€
18:24
due to the lockdown,
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๋ฝ๋‹ค์šด ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
18:26
I not doing as much sport as I would like.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๋งŒํผ ์šด๋™์„ ๋งŽ์ด ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
18:30
In fact, I'm not doing any sport at all these days.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €๋Š” ์š”์ฆ˜ ์šด๋™์„ ์ „ํ˜€ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:34
I'm not doing, see, present continuous.
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๋‚˜๋Š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์ฐธ์กฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ฐ์†.
18:38
Good, and there's a curious use of the present continuous,
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์ข‹์•„์š”,
18:42
which is about annoying habits,
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์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€,
18:45
irritating habits, right?
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์งœ์ฆ๋‚˜๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์˜ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์šฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
18:47
Habits you don't like that other people have, right?
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€์ด์ฃ ?
18:52
For example, let's imagine your boss,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ƒ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€
18:55
and he's always making you work late, right?
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
18:59
We often use it with always,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:01
he's always doing that.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:04
It means I'm creating the feeling, right?
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๋Š๋‚Œ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
19:08
That this is a habit and I don't like it.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์Šต๊ด€์ด๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:10
My boss is always making me work late, right?
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์‚ฌ์žฅ๋‹˜์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ์‹œ์ฃ ?
19:15
He's always giving me too much work.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:17
He's always talking to me when I'm trying
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ผ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:20
to get things done.
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.
19:21
(air whooshing)
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(๊ณต๊ธฐ ์‰ญ์‰ญ)
19:23
My wife is always telling me to do more exercise, right?
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์•„๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์šด๋™์„ ๋” ํ•˜๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜์ž–์•„์š”?
19:28
That her telling me is the annoying habit, right?
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์„ฑ๊ฐ€์‹  ์Šต๊ด€์ด๋ผ๊ณ ?
19:31
She's always nagging,
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ž”์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ณ ,
19:33
she's always going on about doing more exercise,
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์šด๋™์„ ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:38
or maybe, right?
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19:39
You've got a newly born baby.
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๊ฐ“ ํƒœ์–ด๋‚œ ์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:42
Well, recently my baby is not sleeping,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ตœ๊ทผ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์ž ์„ ์•ˆ ์ž์„œ ๊นจ์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ
19:45
so I have to stay up.
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ํ•ด์š”.
19:48
My baby is not sleeping,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ์ž๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
19:50
so it's a habit of the baby,
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์•„๊ธฐ์˜ ์Šต๊ด€์ด๋ผ ์ „์„ธ๊ณ„ ์•„๊ธฐ๋“ค ์ž…์žฅ์—์„ 
19:52
it's a bit annoying
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์ข€ ๊ท€์ฐฎ๊ธด ํ•œ๋ฐ,
19:53
with all respect to babies around the world,
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19:56
but when you're trying to sleep, right?
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์ž๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•  ๋• ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
19:57
My baby is not sleeping,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์•„๊ธฐ๋Š” ์ž์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ,
19:59
I need to stay up and look after him or her.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์•„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:04
So we can use it for this new, for new habits
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์Šต๊ด€
20:06
or annoying habits.
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์ด๋‚˜ ์„ฑ๊ฐ€์‹  ์Šต๊ด€์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:07
But that theme of being temporary
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ผ์‹œ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š”
20:10
is the key thing for the present continuous tense.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:13
Great, guys, I hate to do this but I'm running out of time,
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์–˜๋“ค์•„, ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹ซ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๊ณ 
20:19
and this is not gonna get finished this week,
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์— ๋๋‚ด์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ
20:22
so I'm going to stop here and split this video into two,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ
20:27
part one and part two.
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1๋ถ€์™€ 2๋ถ€๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:29
This is part one, right?
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์ด๊ฒŒ 1๋ถ€ ๋งž์ฃ ?
20:30
We've looked at the present simple
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ
20:32
and present continuous tense,
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์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ 
20:35
and how they can compare.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋น„๊ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:38
I'm gonna stop here and next time in part two,
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์—๋Š”
20:41
look at the present perfect and present perfect continuous,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ 
20:45
and how all four tenses are connected.
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๋„ค ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:50
But for now I'm afraid I'm leaving you with a cliffhanger.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฒผ๋ž‘ ๋์„ ๋‚ด์ค„๊นŒ ๋‘๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:54
(air whooshing)
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(๊ณต์ค‘ ์‰ญ์‰ญ)
20:55
(laughs)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
20:57
What's gonna happen?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”?
20:59
Okay, listen, I hope this helps you so far.
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์ข‹์•„, ๋“ค์–ด๋ด, ์ด๊ฒŒ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด.
21:02
Look out for part two next week.
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๋‹ค์Œ์ฃผ 2๋ถ€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
21:05
Thank you very much for watching.
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์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๋Œ€๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:07
Please do like this, subscribe, turn on notifications.
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์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”, ๊ตฌ๋…, ์•Œ๋ฆผ ์„ค์ • ๋ถ€ํƒ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
21:12
Look out for that part two video.
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2๋ถ€ ์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
21:14
Take care everybody, bye, bye!
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๋‹ค๋“ค ์กฐ์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”, ์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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