Tips for using PAST Tenses in IELTS Speaking | Keith's Grammar Guides

246,634 views ใƒป 2020-09-20

English Speaking Success


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
- Hurray, I did it or I was doing it.
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-๋งŒ์„ธ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ–ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด.
00:05
Which one?
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ?
00:06
Past simple or past continuous?
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์—ฐ์†?
00:09
Well, in this video, I'm gonna show you
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์ž, ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ๋Š”
00:12
how to you use both the past simple
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00:15
and the past continuous in IELTS speaking.
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IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•๊ณผ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:19
Are you ready?
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์ค€๋น„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:20
Let's do it.
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ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
00:22
(upbeat music)
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(๊ฒฝ์พŒํ•œ ์Œ์•…)
00:33
Hi guys, it's Keith from the Keith Speaking Academy.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, Keith Speaking Academy์˜ Keith์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:36
Now listen, recently I did a video
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๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”, ์ตœ๊ทผ์—
00:39
about the four present tenses.
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๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
We looked at present simple, present continuous,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ, ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•,
00:44
present perfect tenses.
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
And if you haven't seen it
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:48
go up here and watch those videos.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ€์„œ ๊ทธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋“ค์„ ๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
00:51
Today though, we're going all the way back.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋๊นŒ์ง€ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
Doo, doo, doo, doo, doo, into the past.
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Doo, doo, doo, doo, doo, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ.
00:58
Past simple or simple past and past continuous.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋ฐ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์—ฐ์†.
01:03
What's the difference?
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์ฐจ์ด์ ์ด ๋ญ์•ผ?
01:04
How do we use them in IELTS speaking?
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IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:06
Well, stick with me and I'm gonna show you how we do it.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค„๊ฒŒ.
01:10
Just to remind you,
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01:11
if you haven't joined the Facebook group yet,
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01:14
Keith's IELTS Mastermind Community for IELTS speaking,
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IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ Keith์˜ IELTS Mastermind ์ปค๋ฎค๋‹ˆํ‹ฐ์ธ Facebook ๊ทธ๋ฃน์— ์•„์ง ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
01:18
follow the link below, come and join us.
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์•„๋ž˜ ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์™€์„œ ๊ฐ€์ž…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
01:20
Lots of activity happening.
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๋งŽ์€ ํ™œ๋™์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:22
Interesting, sharing loads of ideas and motivation to boot.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ณ  ๋งŽ์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์™€ ๋™๊ธฐ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:29
So, let's go back to the past.
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์ž, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
01:37
So, when it comes to the past, there are,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๊ด€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š”
01:40
with the past simple, right,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
01:42
there are four things we can look at.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:44
We're going to look at states in the past,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ,
01:47
completed actions, past habits
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์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ํ–‰๋™, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์Šต๊ด€,
01:51
and also imaginary things in the present or the future.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ˜„์žฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ๊ฐ€์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:59
So, first of all, let's look at the first one here.
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์ž, ์šฐ์„  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:02
States in the past.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ฃผ.
02:08
And this is also kind of continuous activities
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋˜ํ•œ
02:12
or actions in the past.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ํ™œ๋™์ด๋‚˜ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ์ผ์ข…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:13
So we're talking about live, living.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ, ๋ผ์ด๋ธŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:17
I live in Spain, but I lived in England, is a state.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๊ตญ์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:23
It was a state in the past or a continuous action,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์ƒํƒœ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
for example, I went to university at Sheffield.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ €๋Š” ์…ฐํ•„๋“œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:32
I went to university for three years.
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์ €๋Š” 3๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
So that went is not, I went to the university once
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ฐ€
02:39
and then came home.
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์ง‘์— ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
No, I went there every day for three years.
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”, 3๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋งค์ผ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ”์–ด์š”.
02:43
It was a continuous action, similar to a state.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒํƒœ์™€ ์œ ์‚ฌํ•œ ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
I went to university
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๋‚˜๋Š”
02:49
I worked in Malaysia for three years.
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๋ง๋ ˆ์ด์‹œ์•„์—์„œ 3๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผํ•œ ๋Œ€ํ•™์— ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:52
Same idea.
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๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ. ์ผ์ • ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ
02:53
It was a continuous action going to work
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์ž‘๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์ž‘์—…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:56
over a period of time.
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.
02:59
So we use the past for these typical states, right.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
03:03
So let's have a quick look at the form here
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์ž ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ
03:06
of the past simple.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:07
We have the subject plus the verb with ED, if it's regular.
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๊ทœ์น™์ ์ธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ED๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:14
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
03:15
So for example, I lived in Manchester when I was young.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
I lived, ED, I lived in Manchester.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ด์•˜๋‹ค, ED, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ์— ์‚ด์•˜๋‹ค.
03:23
If it's irregular, of course we have the subject
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ฃผ์–ด
03:25
plus the irregular verb.
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์™€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
And there is a list you can get of all the irregular verbs.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
So for example, to go, went.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ฐ€๋ ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
03:34
I went to school in Oldham.
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์ €๋Š” ์˜ฌ๋ค์— ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์— ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
It's true.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
So that's the positive, looking at the negative,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ด๊ณ , ๋ถ€์ •์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด,
03:42
we just take the subject plus did not plus the verb, right,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ did ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:48
if it's regular.
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๊ทœ์น™์ ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด์š”.
03:50
The did not, we often contract, especially when speaking,
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The did not, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์ถ•์•ฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:54
so it becomes didn't, didn't, didn't, didn't.
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.
04:00
I didn't live in London when I was a child.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค .
04:05
I didn't live.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
04:08
Often when we have the verb after didn't,
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์ข…์ข… did't ๋’ค์— ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
04:12
the t is softer.
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t๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
I didn't live, rather than saying I didn't live,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค, ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค
04:19
which is a bit difficult, we kind of soften the t.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” t๋ฅผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:22
We almost drop the t.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ t๋ฅผ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
I didn't live, I didn't live.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
04:29
Okay, so it's not plosive.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒŒ์—ด์Œ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:30
I didn't live in London when I was a child,
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ 
04:34
I lived in Manchester.
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๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:37
And of course it's the same, even for the irregular verbs.
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
So for example, go, went.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๊ฐ€์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
04:44
I didn't go to school in London.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์—์„œ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
04:48
Same idea, the t is not, it's dropped
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๊ฐ™์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์œผ๋กœ, t๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์ง€๋งŒ
04:52
but it's kind of not plosive.
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ํŒŒ์—ด์Œ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:54
So it's not t, it's I didn't go, I didn't go.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ t๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค, ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:00
So you can't hear the /t/ right.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ /t/๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:02
I didn't go to school in London.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์—์„œ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
05:05
I went to school in Manchester.
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์ €๋Š” ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ์—์„œ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋…”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
Okay.
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05:10
What about you?
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋•Œ์š”?
05:11
Where did you go to school?
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ํ•™๊ต๋Š” ์–ด๋”” ๊ฐ”์–ด?
05:16
Right, and where did you live as a child?
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๋งž์•„์š”, ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์‚ฌ์…จ์–ด์š”?
05:21
Excellent, good.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
Now let's have a look at the question.
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์ด์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
So the basic questions, the yes, no questions,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ, ์˜ˆ, ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
05:27
it's 'did' plus the subject. I, you, me, we, he, she, they
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'ํ–ˆ๋‹ค'์™€ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. I, you, me, we, he, she, they
05:33
plus the verb, whether it's regular or irregular.
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๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋™์‚ฌ, ๊ทœ์น™์ ์ด๋“  ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™์ ์ด๋“ .
05:39
So did you live, not did you lived,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ์‚ด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ,
05:43
no, did you live in London when you were a child?
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์•„๋‹ˆ, ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
05:49
Did you go to school in England?
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์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋…”๋‚˜์š”?
05:53
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
05:54
Did plus the subject plus the verb in the infinitive.
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๋ถ€์ •์‚ฌ์—์„œ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:59
Did you go, did you live?
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๊ฐ”์–ด, ์‚ด์•˜์–ด?
06:01
If we're looking at the 'W' questions though, which, way,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ 'W' ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ,
06:06
which, way, no.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ชฝ, ์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ, ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค.
06:08
Which, why, where, when, who, how, although it's a h,
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which, why, where, when, who, how, a h์ด์ง€๋งŒ
06:13
it's still known as a 'W' question.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ 'W' ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:16
Then it's the question word like where did plus the subject
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ where did ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ฃผ์–ด ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ
06:20
plus the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
Where did you go?
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์–ด๋”” ๊ฐ”์–ด?
06:23
What did you do?
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๋ญ ํ–ˆ์–ด?
06:25
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
06:26
Be careful, it's not, what did you did?
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์กฐ์‹ฌํ•ด, ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ, ๋ญํ–ˆ์–ด?
06:28
No, not where did you went?
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์•„๋‹ˆ ์–ด๋””๊ฐ”์–ด?
06:31
No, no, no, no.
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์•„๋‹ˆ ์•„๋‹ˆ ์•„๋‹ˆ ์•„๋‹ˆ.
06:32
Where did you plus the verb.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:36
Where did you go?
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์–ด๋”” ๊ฐ”์–ด?
06:37
What did you do?
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๋ญ ํ–ˆ์–ด?
06:39
Okay, great.
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์ข‹์•„, ์ข‹์•„.
06:40
So that's the format.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ˜•์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
Let's get into, very briefly pronunciation, right.
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์•„์ฃผ ์งง๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:47
Now, this is important because when you're writing,
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๊ธ€์„ ์“ธ ๋•Œ
06:49
it's easy, right.
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์‰ฝ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:51
The simple past verb, regular verbs, you add ED right or D.
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๋‹จ์ˆœ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋™์‚ฌ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์—๋Š” ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์— ED๋‚˜ D๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
However, pronunciation of that ED has three different ways.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ED์˜ ๋ฐœ์Œ์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
It can be d, t or id.
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d, t ๋˜๋Š” id์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:08
So for example, lived, I lived in Manchester.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์‚ด์•˜๊ณ  ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:13
I lived in Manchester, okay.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
So when the end of the verb, the consonant is voiced,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋์ธ ์ž์Œ์ด ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์ผ
07:21
then the d is used.
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๋•Œ d๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:23
And it's very, very soft.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ถ€๋“œ๋Ÿฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
I lived in Manchester.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:27
However, when the last consonant of the verb
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
07:30
is unvoiced, like work, work, you can touch your throat,
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work, work์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ž์Œ์ด ๋ฌด์„ฑ์ผ ๋•Œ you can touch your throat,
07:37
it's not voiced, work.
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it's not ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ, work.
07:39
Then it's a t sound.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด t ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
I worked, I worked in Malaysia.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋ง๋ ˆ์ด์‹œ์•„์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:45
I worked in Malaysia.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ง๋ ˆ์ด์‹œ์•„์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:47
Can you say that?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
07:48
I worked.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
I worked in pa, pa, pa, pa.
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๋‚˜๋Š” pa, pa, pa, pa์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:53
I worked in Malaysia.
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์ €๋Š” ๋ง๋ ˆ์ด์‹œ์•„์—์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:55
And you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€์š”?
07:58
I lived in Manchester.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:01
And you?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€์š”?
08:04
As a child, right.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ, ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
We're talking in the past.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:07
And the last one is, if the verb ends in the d sound
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ d์Œ
08:12
or a t sound, then for example, study, I studied,
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์ด๋‚˜ t์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด study, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์–ด,
08:18
I studied hard.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์–ด.
08:20
Attend, attended.
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์ฐธ์„, ์ฐธ์„.
08:23
Okay, I studied in England.
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๋„ค, ์ €๋Š” ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
Did I study hard?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณต๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ํ–ˆ๋‹ˆ?
08:26
Yeah, I studied quite hard.
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๋„ค, ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:29
So remember three different sounds
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค
08:32
for the simple past regular verbs.
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.
08:35
Let's look more at the use.
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์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ข€ ๋” ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:38
Right, so as we mentioned, we can use the past
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๋„ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
08:41
when talking about states, about living, working, studying.
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์ƒํƒœ, ์ƒํ™œ, ์ผ, ๊ณต๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
So for example, if you're talking about childhood, right,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ์˜
08:50
or talking about study at university or past jobs,
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๊ณต๋ถ€๋‚˜ ์ด์ „ ์ง์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
08:54
all of these, we can use the simple best.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์—๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์ตœ๊ณ ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:57
Talking about childhood.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์˜
08:59
Tell me about your childhood.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
09:02
Come and lie down on the couch.
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์ด๋ฆฌ ์™€์„œ ์†ŒํŒŒ์— ๋ˆ„์šฐ์„ธ์š”.
09:04
Tell me about your childhood, okay.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
09:07
I lived, well, I might say,
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์ €๋Š”
09:09
I lived in Manchester as a kid.
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋งจ์ฒด์Šคํ„ฐ์—์„œ ์‚ด์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:12
I went to a nice school, actually.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ข‹์€ ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋…”์–ด์š”.
09:15
So I'd say, all in all, I had quite a happy childhood.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ์ €๋Š” ๊ฝค ํ–‰๋ณตํ•œ ์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:21
Lived, went, had, just using the simple past.
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์‚ด์•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ”๊ณ , ๊ฐ€์กŒ๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
What about university?
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๋Œ€ํ•™์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:28
Tell me about your university years.
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๋Œ€ํ•™ ์‹œ์ ˆ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
09:31
I went to uni in Sheffield where I studied French.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์…ฐํ•„๋“œ์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์–ด๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
I lived in student digs for the first year
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฒซํ•ด ๋™์•ˆ ํ•™์ƒ ๋ฐœ๊ตด์ง€์—์„œ ์‚ด์•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ
09:38
and then after that, I rented a flat.
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ํ›„ ์•„ํŒŒํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋นŒ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:43
Went, studied, lived, rented.
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๊ฐ€๊ณ , ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ์‚ด๊ณ , ์ž„๋Œ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:47
So we're using simple past.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:49
Tell me about your university studies.
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๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ณต๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ง์”€ํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
09:52
What about jobs?
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์ง์—…์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:53
Tell me about a past job you had.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ํ–ˆ๋˜ ์ง์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
09:56
Hmm, well, I worked as a waiter when I left uni.
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์Œ, ์Œ, ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋– ๋‚  ๋•Œ ์›จ์ดํ„ฐ๋กœ ์ผํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
10:01
Believe it or not.
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๋ฏฟ๊ฑฐ ๋‚˜ ๋ง๊ฑฐ๋‚˜.
10:03
And then I went on to get a job in a bank.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ์€ํ–‰์— ์ทจ์งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
Ooh, it was ever so boring.
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์•„, ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ง€๋ฃจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
Worked, went, was, simple past, talking about past jobs.
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์ผํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ฐ”๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง์—…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:15
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
10:16
So these are all states, let's move on.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
So the second use of the simple past
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์šฉ๋„๋Š”
10:27
is for completed actions in finished time.
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์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ํ–‰๋™์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:32
So finish time is a time that's finished in the past.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ข…๋ฃŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ข…๋ฃŒ๋œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:35
For example, yesterday, last night,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์–ด์ œ, ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค,
10:38
two days ago, at five o'clock, yesterday.
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์ดํ‹€ ์ „, ์–ด์ œ ๋‹ค์„ฏ ์‹œ.
10:41
All of these are finished time periods.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์€ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋œ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:45
And the action you did there, would be the simple best.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ํ•œ ํ–‰๋™์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์ตœ๊ณ ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
For example, I watched television after dinner last night.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ํ›„์— ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์„ ๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:53
It's true actually.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:55
After dinner, I sat down and I watched television.
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์ €๋…์„ ๋จน๊ณ  ๋‚œ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์•‰์•„ ํ…”๋ ˆ๋น„์ „์„ ๋ดค๋‹ค.
10:59
It was really good.
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10:59
There was a great program about aah,
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์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•˜์–ด.
์•„์•„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ข‹์€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋‹ˆ
11:03
so I won't go on, but simple past, right.
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๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ€์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ƒฅ ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜์ฃ .
11:07
Now we can use this really effectively
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์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„
11:10
in two different areas.
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜์—ญ์—์„œ ์ •๋ง ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
The first one is something called the pattern of three.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” 3์˜ ํŒจํ„ด์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
And the pattern of three is very, very common in English,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  3์˜ ํŒจํ„ด์€ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ,
11:19
in natural spoken conversation.
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ, ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:22
We give three actions in the past one after the other.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์กฐ์น˜๋ฅผ ์ฐจ๋ก€๋กœ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:27
And often we drop the subject,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
11:31
we, at like in the second and the third.
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์™€ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ฃผ์ œ์ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋–จ์–ด๋œจ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
So for example, I got up, went to the bar
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ”์— ๊ฐ€์„œ
11:37
and ordered a drink.
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์ˆ ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:39
So the I disappears after the first one,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ I๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒƒ ๋‹ค์Œ์— ์‚ฌ๋ผ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:43
it's an ellipsis, right.
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์ƒ๋žต ๋ถ€ํ˜ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
I got up, went to the bar and ordered a drink.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฐ”์— ๊ฐ€์„œ ์ˆ ์„ ์ฃผ๋ฌธํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
11:48
And it just has a very natural rhythm.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
And it's hugely common.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:52
And it's a really good way of telling stories,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ „๋‹ฌํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:56
especially IELTS speaking part two
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ํŠนํžˆ IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ํŒŒํŠธ 2์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฐ
11:58
to have this idea of, I did this, I did that and did that.
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์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:03
I woke up, got dressed and went to work.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ ์˜ท์„ ์ž…๊ณ  ์ผํ•˜๋Ÿฌ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
12:06
It's really effective pattern of three.
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์ •๋ง ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ 3 ํŒจํ„ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:10
Here's an example, right.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:11
Let's say there's a part two question about,
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12:13
talk about a photo you took.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ฐ์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ํŒŒํŠธ 2 ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
12:16
Okay so, I was on Mount Blanc,
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์ข‹์•„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ธ”๋ž‘ ์‚ฐ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
12:20
the view was out of this world.
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์ „๋ง์€ ์ด ์„ธ์ƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
12:23
So I took out my camera, took a selfie of me on the mountain
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋‚ด ์‚ฐ์—์„œ ์…€์นด๋ฅผ ์ฐ์–ด
12:28
and shared it with my friends on Instagram.
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์ธ์Šคํƒ€๊ทธ๋žจ์— ๊ณต์œ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
You get it?
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12:32
Here, I took out my camera, took a selfie and shared it.
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด?
์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋‚ด ์…€์นด๋ฅผ ์ฐ์–ด ๊ณต์œ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:38
Pattern of three.
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3์˜ ํŒจํ„ด.
12:40
Really nice.
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์ •๋ง ์ข‹์•„์š”.
12:41
Now the second bit is about adding details, right.
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์ด์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋น„ํŠธ๋Š” ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
And we use this after the present perfect.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ๋’ค์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:49
Again, a very, very common pattern, very effective,
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
12:52
present perfect, to describe a life experience
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์‚ถ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์„ ์„ค๋ช…
12:56
and then adding details.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋งค์šฐ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ํŒจํ„ด์ด๋ฉฐ ๋งค์šฐ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:58
We use the simple past, right.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:00
I've been to Paris twice.
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์ €๋Š” ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์— ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ€๋ดค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:02
I first went there when I was 20.
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๋‚˜๋Š” 20์‚ด ๋•Œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
13:07
I have been to Paris, present perfect.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•œ ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ฐ€๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
I first went there giving extra detail
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฒ˜์Œ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ
13:13
and the time, simple past.
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๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„, ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค. 20
13:16
I went there when I was 20, very common structure.
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์‚ด ๋•Œ ๊ฐ”๋Š”๋ฐ ์•„์ฃผ ํ”ํ•œ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์—์š”. IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ์—์„œ
13:21
Let's see how we can use that in IELTS speaking.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค .
13:24
For example, you may get a part two question
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ฑ…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ํŒŒํŠธ 2 ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:27
to talk about a book.
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.
13:29
A book you like or a book you've found interesting.
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์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์ฑ…์ด๋‚˜ ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ๋ณธ ์ฑ….
13:32
You might say, "I've read,
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"๋‚˜๋Š”
13:36
I've read many personal development books
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๋งŽ์€ ๊ฐœ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
13:39
but last week I read one that really blew my mind.
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์ง€๋‚œ์ฃผ์— ์ •๋ง ๋‚ด ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ ์žก์€ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:44
It was 'The One Thing'".
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'The One Thing'์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:48
Gary Keller, brilliant book, go and check it out.
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๊ฒŒ๋ฆฌ ์ผˆ๋Ÿฌ, ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•œ ์ฑ…, ๊ฐ€์„œ ํ™•์ธํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
13:50
But I have read many books, last week I read
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ฑ…์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์ง€๋‚œ ์ฃผ์—
13:54
one that blew my mind, blew my mind,
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์ œ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ๋กœ์žก์€ ํ•œ ๊ถŒ์„ ์ฝ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:58
just means, really impressed me.
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.
14:01
Had a really good impression on me.
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์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
Great.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ.
14:05
So you can see how with this talking about your experiences,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ฒฝํ—˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ ,
14:09
adding detail, simple past, brilliant.
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์„ธ๋ถ€ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•จ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:17
The third way of using the simple past,
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๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€
14:20
is to talk about past habits.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์Šต๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:23
When I was a child, what were my past habits?
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚˜์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์Šต๊ด€์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
14:26
Well, I played football every week.
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์Œ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
14:30
I went to painting class.
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ํšŒํ™” ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:32
I went to tennis class quite often.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฝค ์ž์ฃผ ํ…Œ๋‹ˆ์Šค ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค.
14:36
I did this and I did that.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ €๊ฒƒ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
14:38
So simple past, I played football every week as a child.
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์•„์ฃผ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋งค์ฃผ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:42
It's a past habit.
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์Šต๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:44
You'll remember, in other videos we've talked about
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ
14:47
use to and would, but also the simple past for past habits.
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use to์™€ would์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์Šต๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:52
Now, this is really good for the part, one questions about,
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
14:56
did you do something, something as a child?
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:01
And you're talking in the past
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ 
15:02
but you can be looking at past habits, right.
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
For example questions like,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด,
15:07
did you go on picnics as a child?
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์†Œํ’์„ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:09
Did you take art classes as a child?
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฏธ์ˆ  ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
15:13
Well, you might say,
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์€
15:15
"Yes, we went on picnics most weekends in the summer.
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์†Œํ’์„ ๊ฐ”์–ด. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์—
15:20
We went on picnics, most weekends in the summer,"
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๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ์ฃผ๋ง์— ์†Œํ’์„ ๊ฐ”์–ด . "๋ผ๊ณ 
15:24
that repeated habit.
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๋งํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:26
Or the art classes.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ์ˆ  ์ˆ˜์—….
15:28
I studied art class at school.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ฏธ์ˆ  ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ๋‹ค.
15:30
We had class every Friday.
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๋งค์ฃผ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:34
Repeated habit, we had class every Friday.
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๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋˜๋Š” ์Šต๊ด€, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
Great, very simple, very effective.
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ์•„์ฃผ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:41
The last and fourth one is about imaginary things.
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰๊ณผ ๋„ค ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ƒ์ƒ์˜ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:46
Why do I do that?
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊นŒ์š”?
15:47
I don't know.
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๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:55
So I'm talking about wishes here, right.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์†Œ์›์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:58
When you wish something were different,
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์กŒ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋žจ์€
16:01
you're imagining now or in the future.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:03
With wish, we use the simple past.
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์†Œ์›์œผ๋กœ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:06
I wish I had a lot of money.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ˆ์ด ๋งŽ์•˜์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค.
16:09
I wish I had a new car.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ƒˆ ์ฐจ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค.
16:12
I wish I had, I don't know.
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์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:14
I wish I had a beautiful house in the countryside.
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์‹œ๊ณจ์— ์˜ˆ์œ ์ง‘์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
16:18
I wish I had, really important, but this is really nice.
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์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹์•˜์„ ํ…๋ฐ, ์ •๋ง ์ข‹๋„ค์š”.
16:24
For example, I wish you were here.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
16:28
I wish my family could come and stay with me.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์™€์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง€๋ƒˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
16:31
Can, could, I wish my family could come and stay with me.
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๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค, ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•˜๋‹ค, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด ์™€์„œ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ง€๋ƒˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ๋‹ค.
16:35
But they can't because of the pandemic, okay.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ํŒฌ ๋ฐ๋ฏน ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:39
So it's very nice I think sometimes
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฐ€๋”
16:42
at the end of part two stories,
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2๋ถ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚  ๋•Œ๋‚˜
16:46
or when you're doing part two,
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2๋ถ€๋ฅผ ํ•  ๋•Œ
16:47
you can often finish with a wish.
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์ข…์ข… ์†Œ์›์„ ๋‹ด์•„ ๋๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
Maybe you're talking about this and that and that,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ ์ €๊ฒƒ,
16:53
a beautiful house that you,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด
16:55
an ideal house you would like to have.
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๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ด์ƒ์ ์ธ ์ง‘, ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ง‘์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:57
And I wish I had a house in the countryside.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‹œ๊ณจ์— ์ง‘์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š” .
17:02
Simple past, but it's a really good structure.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง€๋งŒ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:04
I wish I had.
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๊ทธ๋žฌ์œผ๋ฉด ์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด์š”. ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
17:05
I wish I could, dah, dah, dah, dah.
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์ข‹๊ฒ ์–ด, ๋‹ค, ๋‹ค, ๋‹ค, ๋‹ค.
17:09
I wish about the present or the future.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค.
17:12
That's it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ.
17:13
Holy moly.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ชฐ๋ฆฌ.
17:15
That's the end of the past simple.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:18
Let's move on now to look at the past continuous.
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์ด์ œ ๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:26
So there are probably three main ways
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
17:28
we can use this right, story setting, like telling a story.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ, ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ์„ค์ •์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ฃผ์š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:34
Once upon a time in a land far, far away, many years ago,
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์˜›๋‚  ์˜›์ ์— ์•„์ฃผ ๋จผ ๋‚˜๋ผ์—
17:41
there was a princess and she was sitting in the tower
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๊ณต์ฃผ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํƒ‘์— ์•‰์•„
17:45
waiting for the prince to come.
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์™•์ž๊ฐ€ ์˜ค๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:48
(object clacking)
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(object clacking)
17:50
Of course, you're not gonna tell that kind of story
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๋ฌผ๋ก  IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
17:53
in IELTS speaking, but that said, in part two,
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ํŒŒํŠธ 2์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผํ™”์™€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ
17:57
there is a chance to tell anecdotes and stories,
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๋งํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
18:00
this will be useful.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:01
Number two is the, (bell rings)
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” (๋ฒจ์ด ์šธ๋ฆฐ๋‹ค)
18:05
Guys, sorry, can you get the door?
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ ์ข€ ์—ด์–ด์ฃผ์‹œ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”?
18:10
Number two is here, the past continuous for interrupting
334
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ, ๋ฐฉํ•ด๋ฅผ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์—ฐ์†
18:14
(bell rings)
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(์ข…์†Œ๋ฆฌ)
18:16
Guys, come on, I'm trying to make a video.
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„, ์–ด์„œ, ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:19
Yeah, all right.
337
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
18:23
So it's the past continuous
338
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
18:25
for something that we call the...
339
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1500
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ˜ธ์ถœํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค...
18:27
I know it's the postman.
340
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐํŽธ ๋ฐฐ๋‹ฌ๋ถ€๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:29
Can you just answer the door?
341
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๋ฌธ๋งŒ ์—ด์–ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
18:34
I'm trying to work here.
342
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:36
Number two is interrupted activity.
343
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ค‘๋‹จ๋œ ํ™œ๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:38
I was trying to teach you and they interrupted me, mm right.
344
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:45
Number three (laughing)
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ(์›ƒ์Œ)๋Š”
18:50
is past habits.
346
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์Šต๊ด€์ด๋‹ค.
18:52
Now you got to say, "Hang on Keith,
347
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์ด์ œ "Keith ์ž ๊น๋งŒ์š”,
18:54
you said past habits was the past simple."
348
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์Šต๊ด€์ด ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์ž–์•„์š”."
18:58
Well, yes it was.
349
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:00
But also, and this is the beauty of English, right.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋˜ํ•œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜์–ด์˜ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์›€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:03
The past continuous can be used.
351
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
19:06
You have different tenses,
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์‹œ์ œ,
19:09
different tools you can use to create your meaning.
353
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋„๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
19:13
Great.
354
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ.
19:14
So those are the three.
355
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:20
So let's look now at the format
356
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์ด์ œ
19:22
of how we make the past continuous.
357
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์—ฐ์†์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์˜ ํ˜•์‹์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:24
By the way, do you like how I magically turned on the light?
358
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ , ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ˆ ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ถˆ์„ ์ผœ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ๋‚˜์š”?
19:29
So the past continuous we've got right,
359
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•
19:31
I, he or she, plus was, plus the verb in the gerund the ING.
360
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I, he ๋˜๋Š” she, plus was, ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ING์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:39
So for example, I was waiting for the bus.
361
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ €๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:42
He was waiting for the train.
362
1182790
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๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
19:44
She was waiting for the plane.
363
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋น„ํ–‰๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
19:50
Notice the was is normally a weak form
364
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was๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜์ง€
19:54
'cause we don't normally stress it.
365
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์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์•ฝํ˜•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:57
I, not was, but was, I was waiting.
366
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
20:01
Try that, I was waiting.
367
1201590
1963
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ๋„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
20:04
She was waiting for the bus.
368
1204620
2033
๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
20:07
Nice, so there's that big stress on the waiting.
369
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์— ํฐ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:10
She was waiting.
370
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
20:13
Excellent, good.
371
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:15
That's I, he, she, but if it's we, you or they, were,
372
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I, he, she์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ we, you ๋˜๋Š” they, were,
20:21
W-E-R-E, were plus the verb in the gerund, the ING, right.
373
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W-E-R-E๋Š” ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ ING์— ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:26
They were waiting for me.
374
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
20:29
They were waiting for me.
375
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
20:31
Notice again, the were is weak, usually
376
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•  ์ ์€ were๊ฐ€ ์•ฝํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ
20:34
because we stress the next word, waiting.
377
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด์ธ wait๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:37
They were, they were waiting.
378
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
20:40
They were waiting.
379
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
20:42
They were waiting for me.
380
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
20:44
Try.
381
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833
๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋‹ค.
20:46
We were waiting for them.
382
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
20:50
Nice, great.
383
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์ข‹์•„, ์ข‹์•„.
20:51
That's the form.
384
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๊ทธ ํ˜•์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:53
Of course, in the negative, we just put the subject
385
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋ถ€์ •์–ด์—๋Š” ์ฃผ์–ด
20:55
I, he, she or he plus the, plus was not, plus the gerund.
386
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I, he, she ๋˜๋Š” he ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ the, ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ was not, ๋”ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:02
I was not waiting.
387
1262850
1990
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
21:04
However speaking, we normally contract was not to wasn't.
388
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋งํ•˜์ž๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์•ฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:10
I wasn't waiting.
389
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
21:12
Try that.
390
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
21:13
I wasn't waiting.
391
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
21:16
I wasn't waiting for the train.
392
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
21:19
Honest, I wasn't waiting for the train.
393
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2423
์†”์งํžˆ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์ฐจ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
21:24
Or, we have we, you or they plus were not.
394
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๋˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ, ๋‹น์‹  ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:29
Plus the gerund, were not becomes weren't, weren't.
395
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๊ฒŒ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋™๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” were not comes were not, weren't์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:36
They weren't waiting.
396
1296600
1943
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:39
They weren't waiting.
397
1299670
2040
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:41
So you'll notice again, the t at the end
398
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๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๋์— ์žˆ๋Š” t๋Š”
21:44
often is not plosive.
399
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์ข…์ข… ํŒŒ์—ด์Œ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:46
So instead of they weren't waiting,
400
1306580
3440
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋Œ€์‹ ์—
21:50
it's they weren't waiting.
401
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:52
They weren't waiting.
402
1312520
1940
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:54
Can you hear the t is almost dropped.
403
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2140
t๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?
21:56
It's imploded, imploded.
404
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4100
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ดํŒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๋‚ดํŒŒ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:00
I mean, it's not plosive, it's not t,
405
1320700
3170
๋‚ด ๋ง์€, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ํŒŒ์—ด์Œ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  t๋„ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:03
it's just, they were, they weren't waiting.
406
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3710
๋‹จ์ง€, ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋žฌ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:07
They weren't waiting for the bus.
407
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1843
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค.
22:10
We weren't waiting for them.
408
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:13
Can you hear that?
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๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”?
22:14
I hope you can hear that.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:16
Okay, let's have a look at the first one, story time.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
22:20
Story setting.
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์Šคํ† ๋ฆฌ ์„ค์ •.
22:26
Setting of a story, we're talking about giving the setting
413
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ์„ค์ •, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
22:30
or the background to a story, anecdote, an activity, right.
414
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์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ, ์ผํ™”, ํ™œ๋™์— ์„ค์ •์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:35
It doesn't have to be once upon a time,
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์˜›๋‚  ์˜›์  ์ผ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:38
a whole story like Shrek.
416
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์Šˆ๋ ‰๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „์ฒด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:40
It can be just even a sentence, right.
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๋ฌธ์žฅ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:42
It was raining outside.
418
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๋ฐ–์—๋Š” ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
22:45
It was raining outside.
419
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๋ฐ–์—๋Š” ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
22:47
So I decided to stay at home.
420
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง‘์— ๋จธ๋ฌผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:49
As simple as that, it was raining outside
421
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๋ฐ–์— ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€
22:53
is giving the background, what's happening.
422
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๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
22:55
And then, I decided to stay at home.
423
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ๋Š” ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
22:58
Or the sun was shining, I decided to go out, right.
424
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ํƒœ์–‘์ด ๋น›๋‚˜๊ณ  ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:02
Or the pandemic was still going on
425
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๋˜๋Š” ์ „์—ผ๋ณ‘์ด ๊ณ„์† ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด๊ณ  dah
23:05
and dah, dah, dah, dah.
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, dah, dah, dah.
23:06
And it's giving you the background to the story, right.
427
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:10
And very often, as I mentioned, it's followed then,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์ฃผ, ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด, ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:13
by the simple past, it was raining outside,
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๋ฐ–์— ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์„œ
23:17
so I decided to stay at home.
430
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์ €๋Š” ์ง‘์— ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:21
The pandemic was still going on
431
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ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์€ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ โ€‹โ€‹์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
23:23
but I needed to travel back home.
432
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์ง‘์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:27
Or the pandemic was still going on,
433
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๋˜๋Š” ํŒฌ๋ฐ๋ฏน์ด ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ด์ง€๋งŒ
23:29
but I needed to travel a broad.
434
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๊ด‘๋ฒ”์œ„ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์—ฌํ–‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณ„์†
23:33
Was going on, here with still, right,
435
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๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ, ๋งž์•„,
23:36
was still going on, needed.
436
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:39
I needed to travel abroad.
437
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ํ•ด์™ธ ์—ฌํ–‰์ด ํ•„์š”ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:41
So, that is a common structure.
438
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:43
You've got the background in the past continuous.
439
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์—ฐ์†์˜ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:46
And then next, the simple past.
440
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:50
Even in one sentence, right.
441
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ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:52
Doesn't have to be a big, fancy story.
442
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๊ฑฐ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฉ‹์ง„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ผ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:55
Okay.
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
23:56
Now, how can we use this
444
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์ž,
23:58
particularly with some IELTS questions?
445
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ผ๋ถ€ IELTS ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
24:01
Well, let's take a couple of examples.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:02
And I'm thinking particularly in part two here.
447
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์ €๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ 2๋ถ€์—์„œ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:06
Imagine there's a question,
448
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋“ค์€
24:08
describe a conversation that you heard, right.
449
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๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์„ธ์š” .
24:12
As part of your answer
450
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๋‹ต๋ณ€์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๋กœ
24:14
you may want to give a setting and then say what happened.
451
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์„ค์ •์„ ์ œ๊ณต ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:18
So you might say, "I was attending a conference on education
452
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ต์œก์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ํšŒ์˜์— ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ 
24:23
and I was really looking forward to it,
453
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์ •๋ง ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์•Œ๊ณ 
24:26
but it turned out that the main speaker was really boring."
454
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๋ณด๋‹ˆ ์ฃผ ๋ฐœํ‘œ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์ง€๋ฃจํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:32
Can you see, I was attending, that's the background.
455
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ฐธ์„ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:36
I was looking forward to it, is also part of the background.
456
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๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:40
And then boom, what happened?
457
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถ, ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
24:42
The main speaker turned out or it turned out that
458
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๋ฉ”์ธ ์Šคํ”ผ์ปค๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์™”๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
24:46
or the main speaker turned out to be boring.
459
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๋ฉ”์ธ ์Šคํ”ผ์ปค๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํŒ๋ช…๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:53
So the turned out, is the past.
460
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฐํ˜€์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:57
Turn out just means, in the end the result was,
461
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋Š”
25:00
the main speaker was boring.
462
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๋ฉ”์ธ ์Šคํ”ผ์ปค๊ฐ€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:03
So that's very simple part.
463
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์•„์ฃผ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:05
That's not your whole answer, for part two,
464
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ „์ฒด ๋‹ต๋ณ€์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ต๋ณ€์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์—์„œ
25:08
but getting the background,
465
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๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
25:10
maybe at the beginning of your answer,
466
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25:11
this could be a nice way to use it.
467
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์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:14
What about this question?
468
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์ด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํšŒ์—์„œ
25:16
Describe a time you won something,
469
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์šฐ์Šนํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”
25:19
maybe a race or a competition, maybe, right.
470
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.
25:22
Again, you could say, well,
471
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2587
25:25
"I was taking part in the school's sports day
472
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3143
"์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ํ•™๊ต ์šด๋™ํšŒ์— ์ฐธ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”
25:28
when I was a kid.
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.
25:29
And I ran in two races and I won both of them."
474
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์—์„œ ๋›ฐ์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์šฐ์Šนํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
25:34
I was taking part, it's the background.
475
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:38
And then what happened?
476
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
25:39
Bum, I ran into races and I won both of them, okay.
477
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Bum, ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์— ๋›ฐ์–ด ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ณ  ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ด๊ฒผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:44
So again, you've got the past continuous
478
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ, ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•
25:46
followed by the simple past, very typical,
479
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๋’ค์— ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋งค์šฐ ์ „ํ˜•์ ์ด๊ณ ,
25:49
nice ways to maybe begin these answers.
480
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:53
Okay, okie dokie.
481
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์ข‹์•„, ์˜คํ‚ค ๋„ํ‚ค.
25:55
Let's move on to the next one.
482
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๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
26:02
Now this one is the interrupted activity.
483
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์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘๋‹จ๋œ ํ™œ๋™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:05
So basically we use the past continuous
484
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ
26:07
to describe an activity in process.
485
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์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ธ ํ™œ๋™์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:11
And at some point, boom, there's a cut or an interruption.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋Š ์‹œ์ ์—์„œ ๋ถ, ๋Š๊น€ ๋˜๋Š” ์ค‘๋‹จ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:15
And the second activity happens.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ™œ๋™์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:19
But of course it's in the past.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:22
So imagine if you will, it was raining outside.
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฐ–์— ๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ
26:26
Imagine you were waiting for the bus, right.
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๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
26:29
Five minutes, 10 minutes.
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5๋ถ„, 10๋ถ„.
26:31
And you're standing there, waiting for the bus
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๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์„œ์„œ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋‹ค๊ฐ€
26:36
and you see Tom and you say, "Oh, hello, Tom."
493
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ํ†ฐ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  "์˜ค, ์•ˆ๋…•, ํ†ฐ."
26:42
So, "I was waiting for the bus when I saw Tom."
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๋‚˜๋Š” Tom์„ ๋ณด์•˜์„ ๋•Œ ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค."
26:47
Simple as that
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ฒŒ
26:48
I was waiting for the bus,
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๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ
26:50
and then the second activity interrupts or cuts in,
497
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๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ํ™œ๋™์ด ์ค‘๋‹จ๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
26:55
"Oh, I saw Tom."
498
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"์˜ค, ํ†ฐ์„ ๋ดค์–ด์š”." ๋ฒ„์Šค๋ฅผ
26:58
Whilst I was waiting for the bus, I saw my friend Tom.
499
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๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์•ˆ ์นœ๊ตฌ Tom์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:02
Continuous past simple.
500
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์—ฐ์† ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ.
27:04
Another common structure, right.
501
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:07
How to use them together.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:09
So, let me show you how you can use this again.
503
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ™์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ
27:13
The interrupted activity in the same questions, right.
504
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์—์„œ ์ค‘๋‹จ๋œ ํ™œ๋™์ด ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:16
Imagine a part two, describe a conversation you heard.
505
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ํŒŒํŠธ 2๋ฅผ ์ƒ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋“ค์€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
27:20
Remember I gave you the background,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋งํ–ˆ๊ณ  ํšŒ์˜์—
27:22
talking about the conference and in the end
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ
27:24
the speaker was really boring.
508
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์—ฐ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ง ์ง€๋ฃจํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
27:28
But here we could say, "As I was taking my seat
509
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์•‰์„ ๋•Œ
27:32
the main speaker got up on the stage and began."
510
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๋ฉ”์ธ ์Šคํ”ผ์ปค๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด๋Œ€ ์œ„๋กœ ์˜ฌ๋ผ์™€์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:38
As I was taking my seat,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ฆฌ์— ์•‰๋Š” ์ค‘์ธ๋ฐ,
27:39
I'm in the process of sitting down,
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27:42
at that time, boom, the main speaker got up
513
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๊ทธ ๋•Œ, ์พ…, ๋ฉ”์ธ ์Šคํ”ผ์ปค๊ฐ€ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜์„œ
27:45
and began speaking.
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๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:48
Past continuous, simple past, very simple.
515
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์—ฐ์†, ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:51
And I'm developing my answer here.
516
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„
27:54
Let me show you the similar thing, right,
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๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
27:56
for the other question.
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.
27:57
So remember, describe a time when you won something.
519
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋˜ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๋ฌ˜์‚ฌํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์™€ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์—
28:01
I've told you a bit about the story, the background
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๋Œ€ํ•ด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฐ
28:03
and then I can come in and say,
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2427
๋‹ค์Œ ๋“ค์–ด์™€์„œ
28:05
"When they were giving me the medals,
522
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2603
"๋ฉ”๋‹ฌ์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ๋•Œ
28:08
my mum took several photos."
523
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์—„๋งˆ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ๋ช‡ ์žฅ ์ฐ์œผ์…จ์–ด์š”."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:12
When they were giving me the medals, in the process
524
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ”๋‹ฌ์„ ์ค„ ๋•Œ , ๊ทธ ๊ณผ์ •์—์„œ
28:16
at the same time, boom, my mum pow, pow, pow,
525
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๋™์‹œ์—, ๋ถ, ๋‚˜์˜ ์—„๋งˆ ํŽ‘, ํŽ‘, ํŽ‘, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์šฐ์Šนํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ž๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œํ–ˆ๊ธฐ
28:20
took several photos, because she was ever so proud
526
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์žฅ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:24
of me winning the races.
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.
28:26
So a similar thing, right.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:27
The same structure, were giving, mum took several photos.
529
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๊ฐ™์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋กœ, ์—„๋งˆ๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ์žฅ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:34
Great, let's move on to the third and final situation.
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์ด์ž ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ ์ƒํ™ฉ์œผ๋กœ ๋„˜์–ด๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค.
28:42
Now the third point is past habit
531
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์ด์ œ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์š”์ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์Šต๊ด€
28:45
and you are quite right.
532
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์ด๋ฉฐ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:46
We also use the simple past for past habit.
533
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:50
I played football every weekend when I was a kid.
534
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ์ฃผ๋ง๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”.
28:55
And that's quite specific.
535
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:57
But when we're being more general,
536
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ข€ ๋” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ผ ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜
28:59
we use the past continuous with the adverb always.
537
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
29:04
I was always playing with computers as a kid.
538
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์ €๋Š” ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋†€์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:09
I was always playing football as a kid.
539
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ถ•๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
29:12
So it's not specific time when you did it
540
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•œ ํŠน์ • ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
29:15
but just generally.
541
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ.
29:16
And the use of always, I was always doing that.
542
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ํ•ญ์ƒ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ, ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:20
I was always arguing with my brother.
543
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ˜•๊ณผ ๋ง๋‹คํˆผ์„ ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
29:22
When we were growing up together,
544
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ž๋ž„ ๋•Œ,
29:25
we were always arguing with each other.
545
1765000
2343
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹คํˆฌ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:28
Typical brotherly fighting.
546
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์ „ํ˜•์ ์ธ ํ˜•์ œ์‹ธ์›€.
29:31
So it's a habit and it's always.
547
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์Šต๊ด€์ด๊ณ  ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:35
So the past continuous with always.
548
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ณ„์†๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:38
So this is something you could use
549
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
29:39
talking about your childhood, about past jobs,
550
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง์—…,
29:42
about university studies in the past.
551
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ๊ณต๋ถ€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:45
For example, "At university I was always studying
552
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ
29:49
late into the night.
553
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1443
๋ฐค๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
29:51
I was always burning the midnight oil."
554
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ•œ๋ฐค์ค‘ ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์„ ํƒœ์šฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค."
29:55
That's burning the midnight oil, working late
555
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๋ฐค๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
29:57
or studying late at night.
556
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๋ฐค๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•œ๋ฐค์ค‘์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ฆ„์„ ํƒœ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:00
I was always studying late at night.
557
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฐค๋Šฆ๊ฒŒ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค.
30:03
It's neither good, nor bad.
558
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์ข‹์ง€๋„ ๋‚˜์˜์ง€๋„ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:05
It's neutral, but it's great to describe a past habit.
559
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์ค‘๋ฆฝ์ ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŒŒํŠธ 2 ์งˆ๋ฌธ
30:09
Going back to one of the part two questions,
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์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€์„œ
30:11
describe a time you won something.
561
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์–ป์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
30:14
So we've given the background in the setting.
562
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ค์ •์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:17
We gave an interrupted activity example.
563
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์ค‘๋‹จ๋œ ํ™œ๋™์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:20
Also here, you could say something like,
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๋˜ํ•œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ
30:23
"As a kid I was always racing everywhere here and there.
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"์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ์„œ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์šด๋™ํšŒ์—์„œ
30:28
So it's no surprise, I won the race on sports day."
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผ์—์„œ ์ด๊ฒผ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋†€๋ผ์šด ์ผ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ."์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:34
You're giving a further background, talking in the past.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:37
As a kid, I was always racing or running everywhere.
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์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์–ด๋””์—์„œ๋‚˜ ๊ฒฝ์ฃผํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋›ฐ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:43
Nice past habit.
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์ข‹์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์Šต๊ด€.
30:45
So there you've got it.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฐฐ๊ฒฝ์„
30:46
The past continuous for setting or giving the background,
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์„ค์ •ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์—ฐ์† ,
30:49
talking about interrupted activities
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์ค‘๋‹จ๋œ ํ™œ๋™
30:52
and also past habits with always.
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๋ฐ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์Šต๊ด€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:57
Fantastic, so that's it,
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ํ™˜์ƒ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:59
we've seen today how you can use the past simple
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•
31:02
and the past continuous in different contexts
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๊ณผ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งฅ๋ฝ์—์„œ
31:05
and often together, right.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ข…์ข… ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:07
It's not one or the other, we often use them together.
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๋‘˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:10
And I hope you can see how you can do that
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  IELTS ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œํ—˜์˜ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
31:12
for different questions for the IELTS speaking test.
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.
31:17
Excellent, great.
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ํ›Œ๋ฅญํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:18
If you want to know more about grammar mistakes,
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‹ค์ˆ˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
31:20
then do watch this video up here
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ
31:23
which tells you the top five grammar mistakes
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31:26
that students are making in IELTS speaking.
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ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น์—์„œ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์ƒ์œ„ 5๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋ฅผ ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ๋Š” ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
31:29
Keep your eyes open, keep your eyes peeled.
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๋ˆˆ์„ ๋œจ๊ณ  ๋ˆˆ์„ ๋–ผ์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์šด ์‹œ์ผ ๋‚ด์— IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น์— ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š”
31:32
I'll be doing a few more grammar videos
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐœ ๋” ์ œ์ž‘ํ•  ์˜ˆ์ •์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
31:34
to help you with IELTS speaking, in the near future.
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.
31:38
In the meantime, if you've enjoyed this, please do like it.
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๊ทธ๋™์•ˆ ์žฌ๋ฏธ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ณด์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆŒ๋Ÿฌ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์˜์ƒ ๊ตฌ๋…
31:41
Turn on the notifications as you subscribe for the video.
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์‹œ ์•Œ๋ฆผ์„ ์ผœ์ฃผ์„ธ์š” .
31:46
And go ahead and watch some more to improve your grammar
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๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ IELTS ์Šคํ”ผํ‚น์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ โ€‹โ€‹ํ–ฅ์ƒ์‹œํ‚ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”
31:49
for IELTS speaking.
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.
31:51
Take care of my friends.
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๋‚ด ์นœ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ๋Œ๋ด.
31:52
As always, it's a pleasure.
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์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ ๋ฐ˜๊ฐ‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
31:54
Bye-bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
31:55
(upbeat music)
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(๊ฒฝ์พŒํ•œ ์Œ์•…)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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