20 Essential English Phrases to talk about The Economy

125,767 views ใƒป 2023-06-10

English Speaking Success


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
- If you are an IELTS student
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- IELTS ใฎๅญฆ็”Ÿใงใ€
00:02
and the word economy makes you nervous, relax,
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็ตŒๆธˆใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใซ ็ทŠๅผตใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใฏใ€ใƒชใƒฉใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
00:07
this video is going to help you become a confident speaker
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฏใ€
00:11
when talking about the economy.
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็ตŒๆธˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚
00:16
(pleasant music)
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๏ผˆๆฅฝใ—ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ๏ผ‰
00:26
Hello, this is Keith from the Keith Speaking Academy.
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€ ใ‚ญใƒผใ‚นใƒปใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใƒปใ‚ขใ‚ซใƒ‡ใƒŸใƒผใฎใ‚ญใƒผใ‚นใงใ™ใ€‚
00:29
So in this video I'm going to help you
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ใใ“ใงใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€
00:31
become a confident speaker when talking about the economy.
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็ตŒๆธˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใซ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ่ฉฑใ›ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’ใŠๆ‰‹ไผใ„ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆ IELTS ่ฉฆ้จ“ๅฎ˜ใซ่‡จใ‚€ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใในใ
00:36
I'll go over some essential words that you need to know
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้‡่ฆใช ๅ˜่ชž
00:40
and then some really useful phrases
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ใจใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™
00:42
so that you can face the IELTS examiner with confidence.
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ใ€‚
00:47
The great thing about this is it's gonna help you,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„็‚นใฏใ€
00:51
not only with your IELTS speaking,
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IELTS ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€
00:53
but also with your IELTS writing.
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IELTS ใƒฉใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒณใ‚ฐใซใ‚‚ๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
00:56
The other great thing,
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ใ‚‚ใ†ใฒใจใคใฎ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„็‚นใฏใ€
00:57
(laughing)
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๏ผˆ็ฌ‘๏ผ‰
00:59
can I say that?
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ใใ‚Œใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
01:01
Okay, the other great thing about this,
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฎใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸ็‚นใฏใ€
01:03
is that even if you are not preparing for IELTS,
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IELTS ใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใใฆใ‚‚ใ€
01:07
and you just want to improve
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01:09
your daily conversational English,
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ๆ—ฅๅธธไผš่ฉฑใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›ใŸใ„ใ ใ‘ใงใ‚‚ใ€
01:12
this is gonna help you.
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๅฝนใซ็ซ‹ใคใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
01:14
Lovely, let's get stuck in.
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็ด ๆ•ตใงใ™ใญใ€ๆœฌ้กŒใซๅ…ฅใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:22
So what is the economy?
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€็ตŒๆธˆใจใฏไฝ•ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹?
01:25
Before I define it, let me talk about English.
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ๅฎš็พฉใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:30
When we talk about the 'economy',
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ใ€Œ็ตŒๆธˆใ€ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใจใใ€
01:33
we always use the word THE, right?
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็งใŸใกใฏใ„ใคใ‚‚THEใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
01:35
Economy always has an article, right?
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็ตŒๆธˆใซใฏๅฟ…ใš่จ˜ไบ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚
01:40
'The economy'.
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'็ตŒๆธˆ'ใ€‚
01:41
What's more, 'the' becomes 'the', the economy
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ€economy ใฏๆฏ้Ÿณใงๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ€Œtheใ€ใฏ ใ€Œtheใ€ใ€็ตŒๆธˆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
01:46
because economy begins with a vowel sound.
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ใ€‚
01:49
When a word begins with a vowel sound
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ๅ˜่ชžใŒๆฏ้Ÿณใงๅง‹ใพใ‚‹ใจใ€
01:51
the becomes the, the economy.
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theใ€็ตŒๆธˆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
01:55
The apple, right?
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ใƒชใƒณใ‚ดใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
01:58
So definitions in very simple terms.
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้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใช่จ€่‘‰ใงๅฎš็พฉใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
02:03
The economy is the financial state of a country.
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็ตŒๆธˆใจใฏ ๅ›ฝใฎ่ฒกๆ”ฟ็Šถๆ…‹ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:07
It's how well we are doing organizing our money
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ใŠ้‡‘
02:12
and our resources, like people and things.
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ใ‚„ไบบใ‚„็‰ฉใชใฉใฎใƒชใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚นใ‚’ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใ†ใพใๆ•ด็†ใงใใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚
02:16
So basically, if there are plenty of shops
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€
02:19
making and selling things,
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็‰ฉใ‚’ไฝœใฃใฆ่ฒฉๅฃฒใ™ใ‚‹ๅบ—ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
02:21
and people have enough money to buy those things,
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ไบบใ€…ใŒ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’่ฒทใ†ใฎใซๅๅˆ†ใชใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚Œใฐใ€
02:24
the economy is doing well.
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็ตŒๆธˆใฏใ†ใพใใ„ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
02:27
That's it.
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ใใ‚ŒใงใŠใ—ใพใ„ใ€‚ ็ŸฅใฃใฆใŠใในใใ“ใจใฏ
02:28
That's all you need to know, really simple.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใง ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ใ€‚
02:31
Now, I know probably there are some economists
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ
02:34
watching this, economists, right?
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็ตŒๆธˆๅญฆ่€…ใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€็ตŒๆธˆๅญฆ่€…ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
02:38
And thinking, oh, that's not quite right.
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใใ‚ŒใฏใพใฃใŸใๆญฃใ—ใใชใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใ‚„ใ™ใ„
02:41
I'm making it simple to make it understandable.
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใซใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ€‚
02:45
Feel free, give us a comment,
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ๆฐ—่ปฝใซใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ—ใฆใ€็ตŒๆธˆใฎ
02:47
and give us the real description,
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใฎ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ‚„ๅฎš็พฉใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
02:49
or definition of the economy, right?
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02:51
So the noun, the economy is that.
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ๅ่ฉžใ€็ตŒๆธˆใŒใใ‚Œใงใ™ใ€‚
02:55
There's another noun, economics, economics.
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็ตŒๆธˆๅญฆใ€็ตŒๆธˆๅญฆใจใ„ใ†ๅˆฅใฎๅ่ฉžใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:59
So notice this change in stress, right?
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ใงใฏใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใซๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
03:01
We've got economy is the financial state of the country
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็ตŒๆธˆใจใฏ ๅ›ฝใฎ่ฒกๆ”ฟ็Šถๆ…‹ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
03:08
and economics is the subject.
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็ตŒๆธˆๅญฆใŒไธป้กŒใงใ™ใ€‚
03:13
At university you can study economics, right?
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ๅคงๅญฆใงใฏ ็ตŒๆธˆๅญฆใ‚’ๅญฆใถใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
03:16
It's the study of the economy, okay.
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็ตŒๆธˆใฎๅ‹‰ๅผทใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใญใ€‚
03:20
Now, don't worry if this is still a little confusing.
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ใพใ ๅฐ‘ใ—ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใซใใ„ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
03:24
Actually, it reminds me,
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ๅฎŸใฏใ€
03:27
in English when you don't understand something
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่‹ฑ่ชžใงไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ็†่งฃใงใใชใ„ใจใใ€
03:29
or it's confusing,
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ใพใŸใฏๆททไนฑใ™ใ‚‹ใจใใ€
03:30
you can say, "It sounds Greek to me."
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ใ€Œใใ‚Œใฏ็งใซใฏใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚ทใƒฃ่ชžใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
03:34
Why is it Greek, and not French or Spanish?
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ใชใœ ใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ชžใ‚„ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณ่ชžใงใฏใชใใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚ทใƒฃ่ชžใชใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
03:38
I don't know.
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€‚
03:39
It sounds Greek to me.
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็งใซใฏใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚ทใƒฃ่ชžใซ่žใ“ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
03:41
We also say, "Keith, you are talking Double Dutch."
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ใ€Œใ‚ญใƒผใ‚นใ€ ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใƒ€ใƒƒใƒใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‹ใญใ€ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:45
Double Dutch.
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ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใƒ€ใƒƒใƒใ€‚
03:47
Dutch is the language from Holland, right?
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ใ‚ชใƒฉใƒณใƒ€่ชžใฏใ‚ชใƒฉใƒณใƒ€ใฎ่จ€่ชžใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
03:49
You are talking Double Dutch.
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ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใƒ€ใƒƒใƒใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ‚‹ใ‚“ใงใ™ใญใ€‚
03:51
Don't worry, things will get clearer.
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ๅฟƒ้…ใ—ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚็‰ฉไบ‹ใฏๆ˜Žใ‚‰ใ‹ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
03:53
A tip, if you are taking the IELTS speaking test
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IELTS ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ„ใฆใ€
03:57
and if you're not really confident about this topic,
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ใ“ใฎใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใซใ‚ใพใ‚Š่‡ชไฟกใŒใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฎใƒ’ใƒณใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
04:01
but you will be at the end of the video,
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ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๆœ€ๅพŒใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ†
04:03
but if you are not you, you can show off your English a bit
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ใงใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅฐ‘ใ—่‡ชๆ…ขใ—ใฆใ€
04:06
and gain time by saying,
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04:09
"I'm not an expert on this, but I think."
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ใ€Œ็งใฏใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆๅฐ‚้–€ๅฎถใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€็งใฏใ“ใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็จผใŽใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:13
Or even better, "This is not my field of expertise,
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใ€Œใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใฎๅฐ‚้–€ๅˆ†้‡Žใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
04:19
but I think."
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็งใฏใ“ใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ใฎใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:22
Or "Yeah, I have a limited understanding of economics,
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ใพใŸใฏใ€ใ€Œใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€็งใฏ็ตŒๆธˆๅญฆใฎ็†่งฃใŒ้™ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™
04:28
but I think."
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ใŒใ€็งใฏใใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
04:30
Or "My grasp of economics is not great,
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏใ€ใ€Œ็งใฎ็ตŒๆธˆๅญฆใฎ็†่งฃๅŠ›ใฏใ‚ใพใ‚Š้ซ˜ใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
04:35
but I think."
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็งใฏใ“ใ†ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ€
04:38
Dadadadada, right?
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ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใƒ€ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
04:39
Lovely little phrases you can use.
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ไฝฟใˆใ‚‹็ด ๆ•ตใชใกใ‚‡ใฃใจใ—ใŸใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ€‚
04:42
Great, let's move on
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ๆฌกใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ€
04:43
and talk about good economies and bad economies.
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่‰ฏใ„ ็ตŒๆธˆใจๆ‚ชใ„็ตŒๆธˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
04:52
Okay, so if the economy is going well, right,
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ใใ†ใงใ™ใญใ€็ตŒๆธˆใŒ ้ †่ชฟใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
04:57
meaning it's in a good financial state,
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ใคใพใ‚Š็ตŒๆธˆ็ŠถๆณใŒ่‰ฏๅฅฝใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
05:01
we can use the present simple
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05:03
to describe the economy now, right?
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็พๅœจใฎ็ตŒๆธˆใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็พๅœจๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใงใใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?
05:06
We can say we have a robust economy.
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็งใŸใกใฏๅ …่ชฟใช็ตŒๆธˆใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
05:10
Robust meaning strong, okay?
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ใƒญใƒใ‚นใƒˆใฃใฆๆ„ๅ‘ณใฏๅผทใ„ใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
05:13
You can describe what the economy is doing right now
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็พๅœจ
05:18
using the present continuous, okay.
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้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€็ตŒๆธˆใŒไปŠไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:21
The economy is booming.
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็ตŒๆธˆใฏๅฅฝๆณใงใ™ใ€‚
05:24
Put the stress on the boom.
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ใƒ–ใƒผใƒ ใซใ‚นใƒˆใƒฌใ‚นใ‚’ไธŽใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
05:25
The economy is booming.
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็ตŒๆธˆใฏๅฅฝๆณใงใ™ใ€‚
05:28
Booming meaning it's growing, getting bigger.
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Booming ใจใฏใ€ ๆˆ้•ทใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ๅคงใใใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
05:32
We can also describe a recent change in the economy
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05:36
using the present perfect.
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฎ็ตŒๆธˆใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
05:38
We could say, "There has been an upturn
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ใ€Œ็ตŒๆธˆๆˆ้•ทใŒไธŠๅ‘ใใซใชใฃใŸใ€ใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
05:42
in economic growth."
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ใ€‚
05:45
Okay, there has been, present perfect.
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ใงใ™ใ€‚
05:48
There has been an, we would say there's been an.
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ใ‚ใฃใŸใ€ใจ ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ„ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
05:53
There's been an, there's been an upturn in economic growth.
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็ตŒๆธˆๆˆ้•ทใฏไธŠๅ‘ใใซใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
05:58
Can you say?
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่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
06:02
Nice, split it into two.
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ใ„ใ„ใงใ™ใญใ€ไบŒใคใซๅˆ†ใ‘ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
06:04
There's been an upturn in economic growth.
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็ตŒๆธˆๆˆ้•ทใŒไธŠๅ‘ใ„ใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
06:11
Lovely, very, very good.
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็ด ๆ•ตใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚่‰ฏใ„ใ€‚
06:13
Okay, now on the other hand,
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ใ•ใฆใ€ไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€
06:16
if the economy is going badly, again,
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็ตŒๆธˆใŒๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚„ใฏใ‚Š
06:20
we can use the present simple to describe it now.
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็พๅœจๅ˜็ด”ใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
06:22
We can say we have a stagnant economy.
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็ตŒๆธˆใฏๅœๆปžใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
06:27
Stagnant just means stuck, right,
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ๅœๆปžใจใฏใ€ๅ˜ใซ่กŒใ่ฉฐใพใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ€ๆญฃใ—ใ„ใ€
06:31
or not moving.
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ใพใŸใฏๅ‹•ใ„ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:32
Normally we use this for water, stagnant water,
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้€šๅธธใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๆฐดใ€
06:36
which is water that isn't moving,
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ใคใพใ‚Šไบ•ๆˆธใ‚„ๆฑ ใฎๆฐดใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๅ‹•ใ‹ใšใ€
06:38
and often smells bad, like the water in a well or in a pond.
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ๆ‚ช่‡ญใ‚’ๆ”พใคๆฐดใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆŒ‡ใ—ใพใ™ ใ€‚
06:44
So here, idiomatically, we're describing the economy
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใ“ใ“ใงใฏๆ…ฃ็”จ็š„ใซใ€ ็ตŒๆธˆใŒ
06:47
that it's not going well, right?
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ใ†ใพใใ„ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่กจ็พใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
06:48
We have a stagnant economy.
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็งใŸใกใฎ็ตŒๆธˆใฏๅœๆปžใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:52
The shops aren't selling goods,
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ๅบ—ใฏๅ•†ๅ“ใ‚’ๅฃฒใฃใฆใŠใ‚‰ใšใ€
06:54
the people aren't buying, not good.
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ไบบใ€…ใ‚‚่ฒทใ‚ใšใ€่‰ฏใ„ใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
06:57
You could also say the economy is really slow at the moment.
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็พๅœจใ€็ตŒๆธˆใฏ้žๅธธใซไฝŽ่ฟทใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
07:02
So as well as being bad, it can be slow.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆ‚ชใ„ใ ใ‘ใงใชใใ€้…ใใชใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
07:05
The economy is really slow at the moment.
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็พๅœจใ€็ตŒๆธˆใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไฝŽ่ฟทใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:09
In addition, we can use the present continuous
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ€็พๅœจ้€ฒ่กŒๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆ
07:12
to describe what is happening, right?
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ไฝ•ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใใพใ™ใ‚ˆใญ?
07:14
We could say we are heading for a recession.
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็งใŸใกใฏ ๆ™ฏๆฐ—ๅพŒ้€€ใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ไธๆ™ฏๆฐ—ใซ
07:19
To be heading for, or to head for,
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ๅ‘ใ‹ใ†ใ€ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏไธๆ™ฏๆฐ—ใซๅ‘ใ‹ใ†ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€
07:22
to go towards a recession is where the economy goes down,
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็ตŒๆธˆใŒไฝŽ่ฟทใ—ใ€
07:28
nothing's working, prices are too expensive,
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ไฝ•ใ‚‚ๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ›ใšใ€ ็‰ฉไพกใŒ้ซ˜ใ™ใŽใ€
07:31
nobody's got any money.
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่ชฐใ‚‚ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„็Šถๆ…‹ใงใ™ใ€‚
07:32
It's all doom and gloom, a recession.
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ใใ‚Œใฏใ™ในใฆ็ตถๆœ›็š„ใงๆš—ใ„ใ€ไธๆณใงใ™ใ€‚
07:36
So we are heading for a recession.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€็งใŸใกใฏๆ™ฏๆฐ—ๅพŒ้€€ใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ใ‚’
07:40
We can also use the present perfect to describe
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ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใใพใ™
07:44
that recent change.
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ใ€‚
07:46
So we could say there has been a downturn
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€็ตŒๆธˆๆˆ้•ทใŒ้ˆๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใญ
07:52
in economic growth, okay?
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?
07:55
Remember there has been an, there's been an,
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07:59
there's been an, there's been a downturn in economic growth.
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็ตŒๆธˆๆˆ้•ทใฎไฝŽ่ฟทใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:04
Two phrases, there's been an a downturn in economic growth.
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2 ใคใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ€ ็ตŒๆธˆๆˆ้•ทใฎไฝŽ่ฟทใŒ็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
08:12
Put it all together, repeat with me.
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ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ใพใจใ‚ใฆใ€็งใซ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
08:14
There's been a downturn in economic growth.
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็ตŒๆธˆๆˆ้•ทใซใฏ้ˆๅŒ–ใŒ่ฆ‹ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚
08:21
Now, we're cooking.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ๆ–™็†ไธญใงใ™ใ€‚
08:22
Nice, very nice.
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็ด ๆ•ตใ€ใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใงใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌก
08:24
Let's move on.
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ใธ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
08:30
Now, we're gonna look at some essential economic terms.
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ใ“ใ“ใงใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ ้‡่ฆใช็ตŒๆธˆ็”จ่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใใพใ™ใ€‚
08:35
'Terms' just means terminology, right, words.
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ใ€ŒTermsใ€ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏๅ˜ใซ็”จ่ชžใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ ใ€ใใ†ใงใ™ใ€่จ€่‘‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
08:39
First of all, inflation, inflation.
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ใพใšใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒฌใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒฌใ€‚
08:43
Inflation is the increase in the price of goods
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒฌใจใฏใ€ ๅ•†ๅ“
08:48
and services.
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ใ‚„ใ‚ตใƒผใƒ“ใ‚นใฎไพกๆ ผใŒไธŠๆ˜‡ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ ใจใฆใ‚‚
08:50
Simple as that, right?
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ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญ๏ผŸ
08:51
Normally, it's a percent, like 10%.
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้€šๅธธใฏ 10% ใชใฉใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
08:55
We talk about the rate of inflation,
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็งใŸใกใฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒฌ็Ž‡ใ€ใคใพใ‚Š็‰ฉไพกใŒ
08:58
is how fast or how much the prices are increasing.
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ใฉใ‚Œใใ‚‰ใ„ใฎ้€Ÿใ•ใงใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ ไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:04
The rate of inflation.
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒฌ็Ž‡ใ€‚
09:07
I think now in England it's 10%.
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ไปŠใ‚คใ‚ฎใƒชใ‚นใงใฏ10๏ผ…ใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:09
It's very, very high.
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ใจใฆใ‚‚ใจใฆใ‚‚้ซ˜ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
09:11
You can also say the inflation rate.
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ใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒฌ็Ž‡ใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
09:14
The rate of blank or the inflation rate.
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใƒณใ‚ฏ็Ž‡ใพใŸใฏใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒฌ็Ž‡ใ€‚
09:19
There are other rates as well.
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ไป–ใฎๆ–™้‡‘ใ‚‚ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
09:21
We've got the unemployment rate.
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ๅคฑๆฅญ็Ž‡ใŒๅ‡บใฆใใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
09:24
Unemployment, employment is having a job,
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ๅคฑๆฅญใ€้›‡็”จใฏไป•ไบ‹ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€
09:28
'un-' is 'not', so not having a job.
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ใ€Œun-ใ€ใฏใ€Œใชใ„ใ€ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ไป•ไบ‹ใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
09:32
So it's how many people don't have a job,
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ใใ‚Œใงใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ไบบใŒไฝ•ไบบใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€
09:35
how many people are out of work?
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ๅคฑๆฅญใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบใŒไฝ•ไบบใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
09:38
Nice, collocation, out of work.
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็ด ๆ•ตใงใ™ใ€ใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ€ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
09:41
So the unemployment rate again is often a percentage.
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๅคฑๆฅญ็Ž‡ใ‚‚ ใพใŸใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใซใชใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฅ่€…ใฎ
09:46
In some countries the unemployment rate is 30%
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ๅคฑๆฅญ็Ž‡ใŒ30๏ผ…ใซ้”ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ›ฝใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
09:51
amongst young people.
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ใ€‚
09:53
So I think the unemployment rate is the number of people
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ใงใ™ใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€ๅคฑๆฅญ ็Ž‡ใจใ„ใ†ใฎใฏไป•ไบ‹ใฎใชใ„ไบบใฎๆ•ฐใ‚’ๅŠดๅƒ
09:55
without a job divided by the number of people
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ไบบๅฃใฎๆ•ฐใงๅ‰ฒใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
10:00
in the working population.
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ใ€‚
10:03
Working population or labor force.
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ๅŠดๅƒไบบๅฃใพใŸใฏๅŠดๅƒๅŠ›ใ€‚
10:07
The labor force, that's people available to work.
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ๅŠดๅƒๅŠ›ใจใฏใ€ ๅƒใใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ไบบใ€…ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
10:11
Good collocations, make a note of these, right?
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่‰ฏใ„ใ‚ณใƒญใ‚ฑใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใชใฎใง ใƒกใƒขใ—ใฆใŠใใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
10:15
There are other rates.
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ไป–ใฎๆ–™้‡‘ใ‚‚ใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:18
There's the interest rate,
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้‡‘ๅˆฉใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
10:20
which is how interested you are in this video.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใซใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘่ˆˆๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
10:24
No, of course not, I'm pulling your leg.
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ใ„ใ‚„ใ€ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ถณใ‚’ๅผ•ใฃๅผตใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
10:27
The interest rate is nothing to do
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้‡‘ๅˆฉใฏ
10:29
with how interested you are.
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใฎ็จ‹ๅบฆใจใฏ้–ขไฟ‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:31
It's how much money you have to pay back
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10:34
to the bank on your loan.
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ใƒญใƒผใƒณใ‚’้Š€่กŒใซ่ฟ”ๆธˆใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„้‡‘้กใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
10:38
So a loan is money that you borrow from the bank,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใƒญใƒผใƒณใจใฏ ้Š€่กŒใ‹ใ‚‰ๅ€Ÿใ‚Šใ‚‹ใŠ้‡‘ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
10:42
and, of course, when you give it back to the bank,
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ๅฝ“็„ถใฎใ“ใจใชใŒใ‚‰ใ€ ้Š€่กŒใซ่ฟ”ใ™ใจใใฏ
10:44
you have to give them more.
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ใ•ใ‚‰ใซ่ฟฝๅŠ ใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’่ฟ”ใ•ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
10:45
I know, right?
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็งใฏๅฝ“็„ถ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹๏ผŸ
10:47
What's that all about?
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ใใ‚Œใฏไธ€ไฝ“ใฉใ†ใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใชใฎใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹๏ผŸ
10:48
Banks making money.
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้Š€่กŒใฏๅ„ฒใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
10:50
That's the interest rate,
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ใใ‚ŒใŒ้‡‘ๅˆฉใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
10:52
is how much more money you have to give them back.
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ใฉใ‚Œใ ใ‘ๅคšใใฎใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ ่ฟ”ใ•ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ‹ใฎใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
10:55
So the interest rate has been rising, right,
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้‡‘ๅˆฉใฏใ“ใ“
10:59
over recent years in, at least in Europe and the USA.
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ๆ•ฐๅนดใ€ ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ใƒจใƒผใƒญใƒƒใƒ‘ใจใ‚ขใƒกใƒชใ‚ซใงใฏไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
11:04
And another very, very useful acronym is GDP,
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ใ‚‚ใ† 1 ใคใฎ้žๅธธใซ ไพฟๅˆฉใช้ ญๅญ—่ชžใฏ GDP ใงใ€
11:10
stands for gross domestic product.
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ๅ›ฝๅ†…็ท็”Ÿ็”ฃใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:13
So an acronym is where you take the first letter
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ใคใพใ‚Šใ€้ ญๅญ—่ชžใจใฏใ€
11:16
of the word GDP, gross domestic product.
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GDPใ€ๅ›ฝๅ†…็ท็”Ÿ็”ฃใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ–‡ๅญ—ใ‚’ใจใฃใŸใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™ใ€‚
11:20
And again, this is normally a percentage.
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ้€šๅธธใฏใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒ†ใƒผใ‚ธใงใ™ใ€‚
11:22
Like the GDP in the UK last year was, I dunno, 2% maybe.
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ๆ˜จๅนดใฎ่‹ฑๅ›ฝใฎ GDP ใŒ ใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ 2% ใ ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€‚
11:29
I think China has had one of the highest GDPs
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ไธญๅ›ฝใฏใ“ใ“ๆ•ฐๅนดใงๆœ€ใ‚‚้ซ˜ใ„GDPใ‚’้”ๆˆใ—ใŸๅ›ฝใฎไธ€ใคใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™
11:32
in recent years.
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ใ€‚
11:33
And so it's the gross domestic product,
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚ŒใŒ ๅ›ฝๅ†…็ท็”Ÿ็”ฃ ใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
11:36
which is basically the total value of the goods produced
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏใ‚ใ‚‹
11:40
in a year in a country, or in an economy.
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ๅ›ฝใพใŸใฏ็ตŒๆธˆใง1ๅนด้–“ใซ็”Ÿ็”ฃใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่ฒกใฎ็ท้กใงใ™ใ€‚
11:46
Okay, great, GDP, gross domestic product.
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ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€GDPใ€ๅ›ฝๅ†…็ท็”Ÿ็”ฃใ€‚
11:51
I remember, I think it was Bhutan,
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่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใƒ–ใƒผใ‚ฟใƒณใ ใฃใŸใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
11:53
there's a country that was famous
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ๆœ‰ๅใชๅ›ฝใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:55
'cause it changed gross domestic products
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ใชใœใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅ›ฝๅ†…็ท็”Ÿ็”ฃใ‚’
11:58
to gross domestic happiness,
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ๅ›ฝๅ†…็ทๅนธ็ฆ้‡ใซๅค‰ใˆใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
12:00
which they felt was more important,
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Š้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ€
12:02
or at least as important as what we are producing.
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ใพใŸใฏๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ ็งใŸใกใŒ็”Ÿ็”ฃใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใจๅŒใ˜ใใ‚‰ใ„้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจๆ„Ÿใ˜ใฆใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:06
Yeah, I would tend to agree.
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ใฏใ„ใ€็งใ‚‚ๅŒๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฌก
12:08
Let's move on.
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ใธ็งปใ‚Šใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:15
Right, let's look now at things going up
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒไธŠใŒใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
12:17
and things going down,
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ใจไธ‹ใŒใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ€
12:19
and how we describe that in English.
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ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚’่‹ฑ่ชžใงใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
12:21
First of all, things going up,
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ใพใš็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€ๅœŸๆ›œๆ—ฅใŒ่ฟ‘ใฅใใซใคใ‚Œใฆ่ˆˆๅฅฎใ™ใ‚‹ใชใฉใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒ้ซ˜ใพใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
12:23
like your excitement as Saturday gets closer.
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ใ€‚
12:27
Things going up.
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็‰ฉไบ‹ใฏ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:28
We can say to go up, we can talk about, let's see,
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็งใŸใกใฏใ€GDP ใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใ‚ˆใ†ใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ€GDP ใซใคใ„ใฆ ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€
12:32
GDP, remember, gross domestic product.
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่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€ๅ›ฝๅ†…็ท็”Ÿ็”ฃใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
12:36
GDP has gone up to 6%.
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GDPใฏ6%ใพใงไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:41
The gone up, gone up to 6%.
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ไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใ€6%ใพใงไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:46
GDP has gone up to.
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GDPใฏไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:48
(speaking gibberish)
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๏ผˆใกใ‚“ใทใ‚“ใ‹ใ‚“ใทใ‚“ใง๏ผ‰
12:49
GDP has gone up to 6%.
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GDPใฏ6๏ผ…ใพใงไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:52
We can also say GDP has risen to 6%.
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GDPใฏ6๏ผ…ใซไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใŸใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
12:57
GDP has climbed to 6%.
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GDPใฏ6%ใซไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:01
GDP has increased to 6%.
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GDPใฏ6%ใซๅข—ๅŠ ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
13:05
If it's gone up a lot,
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ๅคงๅน…ใซไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
13:07
we can say GDP has rocketed to 6%,
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GDP ใŒ 6% ใซๆ€ฅไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใŸใ€
13:12
or GDP has soared to 6%.
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ใพใŸใฏ GDP ใŒ 6% ใซๆ€ฅไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
13:15
GDP has shot up, shot up to 6%.
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GDPใฏๆ€ฅไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใ€6%ใพใงไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ toใ€toใ€by ใฎ
13:21
Notice as well the difference to, between to and by.
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้•ใ„ใซใ‚‚ๆณจ็›ฎใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
13:25
If it's risen TO 6%, that's the final percent.
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6% ใพใงไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ ใใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€็ต‚ใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:30
If it's risen BY 6%, that's the change in the rate, okay.
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6% ไธŠๆ˜‡ใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใ€ใใ‚ŒใŒ ใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใฎๅค‰ๅŒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
13:36
Now, two nice expressions here.
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ใ•ใฆใ€ใ“ใ“ใง็ด ๆ•ตใช่กจ็พใ‚’ 2 ใค็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
13:38
One of them is to go through the roof.
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ใใฎใ†ใกใฎ1ใคใฏๅฑ‹ๆ นใ‚’้€š้Žใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
13:42
Go through the roof, that's the roof,
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ๅฑ‹ๆ นใ‚’็ชใๆŠœใ‘ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚ใ‚Œใฏๅฑ‹ๆ นใ€
13:44
which means to go extremely high, right?
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ใคใพใ‚Š้žๅธธใซ้ซ˜ใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใธ่กŒใใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚ ใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒฌใŒ
13:48
We can talk about inflation has gone through the roof
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ๅคฉไบ•ใ‚’็ชใๆŠœใ‘ใŸ
13:52
or the (speaking gibberish)
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ใจใ‹ใ€๏ผˆๆ„ๅ‘ณไธๆ˜Žใช่จ€ใ„ๆ–นใงใ™ใŒ๏ผ‰
13:54
or the unemployment rate is going through the roof.
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ๅคฑๆฅญ็Ž‡ใŒ ๅคฉไบ•ใ‚’็ชใๆŠœใ‘ใŸใจใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ 2
13:58
The second expression is to hit an all-time high,
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ใค็›ฎใฎ่กจ็พใฏ hit a all time high ใงใ€
14:03
which means to be the highest ever in all time.
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€Œ ๅฒไธŠๆœ€้ซ˜ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใงใ™ใ€‚
14:08
So you'll hear journalists and politicians using this a lot
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ใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใƒŠใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚„ ๆ”ฟๆฒปๅฎถใŒใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’้ ป็นใซไฝฟใ†ใฎใ‚’่€ณใซใ™ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€
14:12
'cause it's very exaggerating, exaggerating.
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ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ ่ช‡ๅผตใ€่ช‡ๅผตใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:16
Yes, inflation has hit an all-time high
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ใฏใ„ใ€ใ‚คใƒณใƒ•ใƒฌ็Ž‡ใŒๅฒไธŠๆœ€้ซ˜ๅ€คใซ้”ใ—ใŸ
14:20
or the unemployment rate has hit an all-time high.
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ใ‹ใ€ๅคฑๆฅญ็Ž‡ใŒ ๅฒไธŠๆœ€้ซ˜ๅ€คใซ้”ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
14:24
Okay, nice expressions.
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ใชใ‚‹ใปใฉใ€็ด ๆ•ตใช่กจ็พใงใ™ใญใ€‚ ๅ…ˆ
14:26
Let's move on and think about, not just think,
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ใซ้€ฒใ‚“ใงใ€็‰ฉไบ‹ใŒ้€ฒใ‚€ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ ใงใฏใชใใ€
14:29
but talk about things going down, right?
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่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใฃใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใŒ่ฟ‘ใฅใใซใคใ‚Œใ€
14:33
Maybe like your motivation
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ใƒขใƒใƒ™ใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒไธŠใŒใฃใฆใ„ใใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
14:35
as the test gets closer and closer.
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ใ€‚
14:38
(chuckles) Things are going down.
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๏ผˆ็ฌ‘ใ„๏ผ‰ ไบ‹ๆ…‹ใฏๆ‚ชๅŒ–ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:40
We can say, of course, GDP has gone down to 6%.
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ใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€ GDPใฏ6๏ผ…ใพใงไธ‹ใŒใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
14:46
Remember to is the final percent.
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to ใฏๆœ€ๅพŒใฎใƒ‘ใƒผใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
14:48
If we say GDP has gone down by 6%,
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GDPใŒ6๏ผ…ไธ‹ใŒใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ†ใชใ‚‰ใ€
14:51
that 6% is the change.
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ใใฎ6๏ผ…ใŒๅค‰ๅŒ–ใงใ™ใ€‚
14:54
We can also say GDP has fallen.
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GDPใŒไฝŽไธ‹ใ—ใŸใจใ‚‚่จ€ใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
14:57
GDP has decreased.
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GDPใฏๆธ›ๅฐ‘ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:00
It has declined.
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่กฐ้€€ใ—ใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:02
It has dropped.
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่ฝใกใฆใ—ใพใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
15:05
And if it's gone down a lot,
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ใใ—ใฆใ€ๅคงใใไธ‹ใŒใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
15:08
we can say it has slumped or it has plummeted.
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ไฝŽ่ฟทใ—ใŸใ€ ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๆ€ฅ่ฝใ—ใŸใจ่จ€ใˆใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
15:15
Lovely words, slumped, plummeted, nice words.
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็ด ๆ•ตใช่จ€่‘‰ใ€่ฝใก่พผใ‚“ใ ใ€ ๆ€ฅ่ฝใ—ใŸใ€็ด ๆ•ตใช่จ€่‘‰ใ€‚
15:22
And, of course, you can use those expressions,
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ใใ—ใฆใ‚‚ใกใ‚ใ‚“ใ€
15:25
like the going up one,
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ไธŠๆ˜‡ๅ‚พๅ‘ใ€
15:26
like it has hit rock bottom these days.
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใฉใ‚“ๅบ•ใซ้™ฅใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใช่กจ็พใ‚‚ไฝฟใˆใพใ™ใ€‚
15:32
GDP has hit rock bottom these days.
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ใ€GDPใฏใฉใ‚“ๅบ•ใซ้™ฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:36
It's a very, very low, late,
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้žๅธธใซใ€้žๅธธใซไฝŽใ„ใ€้…ใ„ใ€
15:38
very, very low rate,
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้žๅธธใซใ€้žๅธธใซไฝŽใ„ใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใ€
15:40
or it is at an all-time low.
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ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ„ใฏๅฒไธŠๆœ€ไฝŽใฎใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚
15:45
Excellent, nice expressions.
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็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ€็ด ๆ•ตใช่กจ็พใ€‚
15:48
Great, so although this is not your field of expertise,
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎๅฐ‚้–€ๅˆ†้‡Žใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€
15:52
maybe, I hope now you feel more confident
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15:55
to speak a little bit about the economy,
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15:58
at least to understand the basics,
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ๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ๅŸบๆœฌใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใ€
16:01
to have some useful phrases,
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ๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บ
16:03
and the essential terminology you need
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ใ‚„ๅฟ…่ฆใช้‡่ฆใช็”จ่ชžใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ใฆใ€็ตŒๆธˆใซใคใ„ใฆๅฐ‘ใ—่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใซ่‡ชไฟกใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚Œใฐๅนธใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:05
to talk about the economy, excellent.
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็ตŒๆธˆใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚
16:08
If you've enjoyed this video,
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๆฅฝใ—ใ‚“ใงใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
16:10
please do subscribe to the channel English Speaking Success,
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English Speaker Success ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใซ็™ป้Œฒใ—ใ€
16:14
turn on notifications.
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้€š็Ÿฅใ‚’ใ‚ชใƒณใซใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
16:16
And listen, if you are preparing for IELTS,
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IELTS ใฎๆบ–ๅ‚™ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–นใ€
16:18
and you, or you just want to improve
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ใพใŸใฏๅ˜ใซ
16:20
and develop your speaking skills,
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ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ญใƒณใ‚ฐ ใ‚นใ‚ญใƒซใ‚’ๅ‘ไธŠใ•ใ›้–‹็™บใ—ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ–นใฏใ€
16:22
go and check out my website, the Keith Speaking Academy,
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็งใฎ Web ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆ Keith Speaker ใ‚ขใ‚ซใƒ‡ใƒŸใƒผใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
16:25
and you'll find free lessons and information about the test.
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็„กๆ–™ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณ ใจใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใŒ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
16:31
And basically every topic under the sun,
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฉใ‚“ใชใƒˆใƒ”ใƒƒใ‚ฏใงใ‚‚ใ€
16:35
you'll find a free lesson there, I think.
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็„กๆ–™ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใŒ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ keithspeakingacademy.com ใซ
16:38
Go and check it out keithspeakingacademy.com.
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ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ปใ‚นใ—ใฆใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ€‚
16:42
And great, I will see you in the next video.
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ใใ‚Œใงใฏใ€ ๆฌกใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
16:47
Take care my friend.
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็งใฎๅ‹้”ใฎไธ–่ฉฑใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ€‚
16:48
Bye bye.
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ใƒใ‚คใƒใ‚คใ€‚
16:49
(pleasant music)
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(ๆฅฝใ—ใ„้Ÿณๆฅฝ)
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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