REPORTED SPEECH. Direct Speech and Indirect Speech in English

7,810 views ใƒป 2024-06-14

English Lessons with Kate


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:16
Hello, my name is Kate and this is Englishย Lessons with Kate channel. Today weโ€™re goingย ย 
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ Kate์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Kate ์ฑ„๋„์˜ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€
00:22
to talk about indirect speech or reported speech.ย  Itโ€™s a difficult grammar topic, but donโ€™t worry.ย ย 
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๊ฐ„์ ‘ ์—ฐ์„ค์ด๋‚˜ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ฃผ์ œ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
00:32
Iโ€™m going to explain everything step by step. Let's get started. Take a look at direct speech.ย 
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹จ๊ณ„๋ณ„๋กœ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์ž. ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
00:40
The speech is, I am hungry. Next,ย  there are a few simple rules to follow.ย 
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์—ฐ์„ค์€ '๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ณ ํ”„๋‹ค'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:47
Firstly, we need to include a reporting verb. Secondly, we have to backshift our tenses by one.ย 
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๋จผ์ € ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜์งธ, ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋‹จ๊ณ„ ๋’ค๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Backshift in tenses means changingย  the verb tense in reported speech toย ย 
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์‹œ์ œ์˜ ๋ฐฑ์‹œํ”„ํŠธ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ
01:02
match the time when it's spoken, so thatย  the statement is shifted back in time.ย 
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๋ฐœ์–ธ ์‹œ๊ฐ„๊ณผ ์ผ์น˜ํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ช…๋ น๋ฌธ์ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ƒ ๋’ค๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
And number three, we have to change the pronouns. This sounds very complicated. Now weโ€™re goingย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์…‹์งธ, ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
01:19
to practice together and Iโ€™mย  going to explain how to do that.ย 
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๊ทธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:24
If we want to change this sentence intoย  reported speech, she said that she was hungry.ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ ค๋ฉด, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”„๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
01:32
We've added the reporting verb, she said,ย  we've back shifted our tense, am, was,ย 
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๋ณด๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ๊ณ ,
01:40
and we've changed the pronouns, I became โ€˜sheโ€™. Another example, โ€œI go to the gym every week",ย ย 
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๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์—ฌ I๊ฐ€ 'she'๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์ธ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ๊ฐ„๋‹ค"๋Š”
01:50
in reported speech, it might become "Sheย  said she went to the gym every week".ย 
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๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ๋Š” "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค์ฃผ ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค"๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:57
We added the reporting verb, she said,ย  weโ€™ve changed our tense, go โ€“ went,ย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. go โ€“ ๊ฐ”๋‹ค,
02:05
and weโ€™ve changes the pronouns, I became she. I'm planning to visit Paris next summer.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์„œ I'm์€ ๋‚ด๋…„ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:14
She said that she was planning to visit Parisย  next summer. We added a reporting verb โ€˜saidโ€™,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚ด๋…„ ์—ฌ๋ฆ„์— ํŒŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•  ๊ณ„ํš์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 'said'๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
weโ€™ve changed our tense, Present Continuousย  became Past Continuous am planning โ€“ wasย ย 
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์‹œ์ œ, ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:30
planning, and I was replaced by she. I was walking along the street. Sheย ย 
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๊ณ„ํš ์ค‘์ด์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋กœ ๋Œ€์ฒด๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ธธ์„
02:39
said she had been walking along theย  street. I hope everything is clear.ย ย 
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๋”ฐ๋ผ ๊ฑท๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:45
We changed Past Continuous โ€“โ€˜was walkingโ€™ย  to Past Perfect Continuous โ€“ โ€˜Had beenย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Walking' ์—์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• โ€“ 'Had been
02:51
walkingโ€™. We back shifted our tense. Pleaseย  continue watching this video, and I willย ย 
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walking'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๊ณ„์† ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉดย ย  ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ
02:58
explain how to backshift tenses in detail. Now letโ€™s talk about the reporting verbs.ย ย 
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์—ญ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
The most common reporting verbs are "say"ย  and "tell," which become "said" and "told."ย 
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "say" ์™€ "tell"์€ "said"์™€ "told"๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:38
Please donโ€™t forget to use your reportingย  verbs when using reported speech.ย 
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๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
03:44
Iโ€™ll give you some examples. Heย  said that he enjoyed the concert.ย 
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
You can choose to include "that" or leave it out. He said that he enjoyed the concert. He saidย ย 
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"that"์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ƒ๋žตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š”
03:59
he enjoyed the concert. You can use both options.ย 
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์ฝ˜์„œํŠธ๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ์˜ต์…˜์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
She said she finished the book. She said that sheย  finished the book. Both sentences are correct.ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฑ…์„ ๋‹ค ์ฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ฑ…์„ ๋‹ค ์ฝ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฌธ์žฅ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  '
04:13
We can also use the structure โ€˜say to someoneโ€™, My brother said to me thatย ย 
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say to someone'์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚จ๋™์ƒ์ด ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ
04:19
he was going to study abroad. Or She said to me that she had lost her keys.ย 
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์œ ํ•™์„ ๊ฐˆ ์˜ˆ์ •์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์–ด๋ฒ„๋ ธ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
When we use tell, we must always rememberย  to mention the person we're reporting to.ย 
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Tell์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋Œ€์ƒ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:34
We use the structure tellย  plus who we're reporting to.ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋Œ€์ƒ์„ ์•Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:40
She told me that she enjoyed the movie. Theyย  told us that they had arrived at the airport.ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์˜ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ฆ๊ฒผ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ณตํ•ญ์— ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:50
Now Iโ€™m going to explainย  what backshift in tenses is.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ์ œ์˜ ๋ฐฑ์‹œํ”„ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:55
When we use reported speech, we're tellingย  someone else what someone said. English hasย ย 
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๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด์—๋Š”
05:03
12 main tenses, that can be divided intoย  three groups: past, present, and future.ย 
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12๊ฐœ์˜ ์ฃผ์š” ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์„ธ ๊ทธ๋ฃน์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆŒ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:11
I know it might sound difficult, but Iย  created a table for you. I'll show youย ย 
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์–ด๋ ต๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ณด์—ฌ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
05:17
now. Here you can see how we change tensesย  when we use reported speech. You can take aย ย 
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. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋€Œ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:25
screenshot and save it to your smartphone. Take a look on the past perfect and theย ย 
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์Šคํฌ๋ฆฐ์ƒท์„ ์ฐ์–ด ์Šค๋งˆํŠธํฐ์— ์ €์žฅํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ์™€
05:31
past perfect continuous tense. There are no changes. We canโ€™tย ย 
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์‚ฌํ•ญ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
05:36
change these tenses. We can't reallyย  go any further back in the past.ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋” ์ด์ƒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐˆ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
I had been playing video games. Kate saidย  that she had been playing video games.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ€์ดํŠธ๋Š” ๋น„๋””์˜ค ๊ฒŒ์ž„์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:49
We donโ€™t need to change the tense here. The future tenses are also really easy. Theyย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์‹œ์ œ๋„ ์ •๋ง ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€
05:57
all use will, and will just changes to would. I will come to the party tomorrow. She saidย ย 
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๋ชจ๋‘ will์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  will์€ would๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด์ผ ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”
06:05
she would come to the party the next day. We changed the tense and we changed theย ย 
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚  ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ 
06:12
word tomorrow. We replaced tomorrow with the nextย  day. Now we're going to talk about important wordsย ย 
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๋‚ด์ผ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด์ผ์„ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‚ ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟจ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์Œ์„ฑ์„
06:23
and phrases that we need to change when usingย  reported speech. Take a look at these examples.ย 
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์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‹ค์Œ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:31
this โ†’ that these โ†’ thoseย 
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์ด โ†’ ์ €๊ฒƒ โ†’ ์ €๊ฒƒ
06:36
now โ†’ then, at that moment here โ†’ thereย 
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์ง€๊ธˆ โ†’ ๊ทธ๋•Œ ๊ทธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ โ†’ ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ ์˜ค๋Š˜
06:44
today โ†’ that day ago โ†’ beforeย 
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โ†’ ๊ทธ๋‚  ์ „ โ†’ ์ผ
06:49
a year ago โ†’ a year before last night โ†’ the previous nightย 
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๋…„ ์ „ โ†’ ์ผ ๋…„ ์ „ ์–ด์ ฏ๋ฐค โ†’ ์ „๋‚  ๋ฐค
06:56
yesterday โ†’ the day before, the previous day the day before yesterday โ†’ two days beforeย 
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์–ด์ œ โ†’ ์ „๋‚ , ์ „๋‚  ๊ทธ์ €๊ป˜ โ†’ ์ดํ‹€ ์ „
07:06
tomorrow โ†’ the next day, the following day the day after tomorrow โ†’ two days laterย 
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๋‚ด์ผ โ†’ ๋‹ค์Œ๋‚ , ๋ชจ๋ ˆ ๋ชจ๋ ˆ โ†’ ์ดํ‹€ ํ›„
07:16
You need to remember these phrases soย  that you can use indirect speech properly.
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์ด ํ‘œํ˜„๋“ค์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ํ™”๋ฒ•์„ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
And what if we have a question in reported speech? โ€œWill you help me?โ€ I said.ย 
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๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค์— ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? "๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚  ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค?" ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
I asked them if they would help me. We used the verb ask, and we changedย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋„์™€์ค„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‚ฌask๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๊ณ 
07:39
will to would. Also, we removed a questionย  mark and used "if" because this is a question.ย 
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will์„ would๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋ฌผ์Œํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์‚ญ์ œํ•˜๊ณ  'if'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
Another example. 'Do you work from home?' he said. He asked me if I worked from home.ย 
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ์‹œ. '์žฌํƒ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?' ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
We can also use "wanted to know": Heย  wanted to know if I worked from home.ย 
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'์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค'๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์ผํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ
08:05
Once again guys. We added a Reportingย  Verb: "asked" or "wanted to know."ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„. ๋ณด๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ์ธ '์š”์ฒญํ•จ' ๋˜๋Š” '์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์—ˆ์Œ'์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:11
We changed the Tense: The present simple tenseย  "work" changed to the past simple tense "worked."ย 
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์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ 'work'๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ 'worked'๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:20
We changed the pronoun: "You" changed to "I" And we Removed the question mark and add "if".
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๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "You"๊ฐ€ "I"๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์Œํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ฑฐํ•˜๊ณ  "if"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
Now letโ€™s practice. I'm going to give youย ย 
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์ด์ œ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š”
08:33
some examples in direct speech and I wantย  you to change them into reported speech.ย 
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์ง์ ‘ ์—ฐ์„ค์˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
I'm going to give you a few seconds, but you canย  pause the video if you need more time to think.ย 
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๋ช‡ ์ดˆ๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋” ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์ผ์‹œ์ค‘์ง€ํ•˜์…”๋„ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.ย  ์ง์ ‘ ํ™”๋ฒ•์—
08:48
When we have the present simpleย  in the direct speech, we changeย ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
08:52
it to past simple in the reported speech. For all of these sentences, I'm going to say I,ย ย 
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๋ณด๊ณ  ํ™”๋ฒ•์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ฌธ์žฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” I๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
and you have to change it to Kate said that she. So the first one, I want to live in a big house.ย 
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Kate๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ํฐ ์ง‘์— ์‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์š”.
09:10
You need to start it with Kate saidย  that she. I'll give you a few seconds.ย 
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Kate๊ฐ€ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ช‡ ์ดˆ๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
09:21
Kate said that she wanted to live in a big house.ย 
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์ผ€์ดํŠธ๋Š” ํฐ ์ง‘์—์„œ ์‚ด๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
We shifted back in time.ย  Present simple to past simple.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๊ฑฐ์Šฌ๋Ÿฌ ์˜ฌ๋ผ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜„์žฌ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์—์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ์œผ๋กœ.
09:31
When we have the present continuousย  tense, we change it to past continuous.ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ‰๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:37
I am writing a script for the video.ย  I'll give you a couple of seconds.ย 
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์ €๋Š” ์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ณธ์„ ์“ฐ๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋ช‡ ์ดˆ๋งŒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋“œ๋ฆด๊ฒŒ์š”.
09:47
Kate said that she was writingย  a script for the video.ย 
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Kate๋Š” ๋™์˜์ƒ์˜ ๋Œ€๋ณธ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑ ์ค‘์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:53
When we have present perfect,ย  we change it to past perfect.ย 
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
I have finished my breakfast. Kate saidย  that she had finished her breakfast.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์นจ ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์ณค๋‹ค. ์ผ€์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์•„์นจ ์‹์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:10
When we have past simple in the direct speech, weย  change it to past perfect in the reported speech.ย 
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์ง์ ‘ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™„๋ฃŒํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
I cleaned the bathroom. Kate saidย  that she had cleaned the bathroom.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ–ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ€์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์„ ์ฒญ์†Œํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
I had finished my homework before dinner. Kate said that she had finishedย ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ์ „์— ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์ณค๋‹ค. ์ผ€์ดํŠธ๋Š”
10:40
her homework before dinner. Remember that we canโ€™t change the Past Perfectย ย 
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์ €๋… ์‹์‚ฌ ์ „์— ์ˆ™์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งˆ์ณค๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”
10:47
tenses. There are no changes in this sentence. Now letโ€™s practice with will and would.ย 
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. ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—๋Š” ๋ณ€ํ™”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์˜์ง€์™€ ์˜์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์—ฐ์Šตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
10:54
I'll bring a cake to the party. Kateย  said she would bring a cake to the party.
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ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ๊ฒŒ์š”. ์ผ€์ดํŠธ๋Š” ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ์ผ€์ดํฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ค๊ฒ ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
But there are some exceptions. With reported speech, we usually don't change theย ย 
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11:05
tense if the information is ongoing, like a habit. I love my job. Kate said that she loves her job.ย 
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11:05
I still love my job. This action is ongoing.ย  So we might keep it in the present tense.ย 
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11:05
All right, thatโ€™s it for yourย  introduction to reported speech.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ์™ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค์—์„œ๋Š”
์Šต๊ด€์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ •๋ณด๊ฐ€ ๊ณ„์†๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ผ€์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์•„์ง๋„ ๋‚ด ์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ๋ž‘ํ•œ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž‘์—…์€ ์ง„ํ–‰ ์ค‘์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ˜„์žฌ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์œ ์ง€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณด๊ณ ๋œ ์—ฐ์„ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์†Œ๊ฐœ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:09
I hope this lesson was useful for you and nowย  you know how to use direct and indirect speech.
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์ด ๊ฐ•์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์ง์ ‘ ์—ฐ์„ค๊ณผ ๊ฐ„์ ‘ ์—ฐ์„ค์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
If you want to make me a little bitย  happier you can send me a superthanks.ย ย 
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์ €๋ฅผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ํ–‰๋ณตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์‚ฌ ์ธ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.ย ย  ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ์ฝ˜ํ…์ธ ๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ๊ณต์œ ํ•˜๋Š”
11:21
You can connect with me on my Instagramย  where I share a lot of useful content.ย 
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๋‚ด Instagram์—์„œ ์ €์™€ ์†Œํ†ตํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .ย  ์•„์ง ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๋ฉด
11:27
Donโ€™t forget to give this videoย  a thumbs up and subscribe to myย ย 
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์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์— ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ๋‚ด ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
11:31
channel if you havenโ€™t yetย  and Iโ€™ll see you soon! Bye!
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๊ณง ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์•ˆ๋…•!
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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