English Grammar - How to learn tenses - ALL tenses!!

1,397,981 views ใƒป 2011-07-22

ENGLISH with James


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

์ž‘์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์กฐ์ˆ˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:09
Hi. James from engVid.
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00:12
I have a small problem.
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00:15
I'm gonna get my assistant to help me.
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00:19
This is my schtick for my gimmick.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚ด shtick ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ด ํŠน์ˆ˜ ํšจ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
If anyone asks me what those are I'll be happy to tell you.
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๋‚˜์ค‘์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ์˜ ์ž‘์€ ์Šค์นดํ”„๋ฅผ ์ฐฉ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์Šค์นดํ”„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:25
There we go.
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00:28
Ok, he's wearing his little scarf.
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00:33
It's his university scarf.
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00:35
Ok?
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00:36
Mr E is ready for education.
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E ์”จ๋Š” ๊ต์œก์„ ๋ฐ›์„ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:39
Right. So what are we gonna work on today?
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ž‘์—…์„ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
00:48
Grammar!
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•.
00:49
Grammar.
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00:50
Yeah, ok. Tell you something new, like you've never heard grammar before, alright?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ์•Œ์•˜์–ด.
์ด์ „์— ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•ด์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
00:55
"What've you got in grammar that-" Oh, my favourite one.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์—์„œ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
์˜ค, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ.
00:58
"Teacher, I have trouble with the present perfect."
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜, ํ˜„์žฌ์™„๋ฃŒ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ๋ฏผ์ด์—์š”.
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜, ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
"Teacher, I have problems with the simple past."
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์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜, ์™œ used to ๋Œ€์‹  used to๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
"Teacher, I don't know why you say 'used to' instead of 'use to'."
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ , ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” Envid์—์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ Envid๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋ฉด
01:18
By the way, these subjects have been covered on EngVid, so go check out EngVid and you'll see all of these and they'll help you out.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ•ญ๋ชฉ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:25
But my job today isn't really to teach you grammar; I'm gonna use one grammar template - or one grammar lesson, you might say -
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐ๋˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ํ…œํ”Œ๋ฆฟ
๋˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
to teach you a way that I think is the most effective and quickest way in order to learn English.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋‹ค.
01:37
In fact, I'm gonna start calling all these lessons "the most effective and quickest way to learn English"!
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ €๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
.
01:42
"Ever!"
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01:43
Or, go somewhere else.
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
01:46
I'm joking.
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01:46
Alright, but I'm gonna teach you a way that'll probably help you to be able to put things together in your head.
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๋‚˜ ์žฅ๋‚œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ ์•„๋‹ˆ์•ผ.
์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด
๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:51
Now, this isn't just good for English; it's good for anything you wanna study, ok?
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์˜์–ด์—๋งŒ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:55
So, let's look at it.
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์ž, ํ•œ๋ฒˆ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
01:57
We're gonna look at grammar, for instance.
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:59
With grammar you're usually gonna be given a title, and that's the beautiful thing - that's what makes it easy: you know what you're gonna study!
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ œ๋ชฉ์ด ์ง€์ •๋˜๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ• ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:06
There's never been a time or - hopefully, if you have a teacher, you walk in the room, and they say,
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์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๊ฑด๋Œ€ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๋ฐฉ์— ๋“ค์–ด์™€์„œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด
" ์‹œ๊ฐ„์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๋ ค์ค„ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ
02:12
"We're going to study something that will tell you about time, and then put things in logical consequence order for you so that you can understand what people are saying in English..."
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๋…ผ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์ˆœ์„œ๋กœ ์ •๋ฆฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด
์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:20
Leave the room.
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"๋‹น์žฅ ๋ฐฉ์—์„œ ๋‚˜๊ฐ€."
02:22
Immediately.
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02:24
Ok? Usually even the poorest grammar teacher will say, "Today, we're going to study this subject."
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
๋ณดํ†ต ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํ˜•ํŽธ์—†๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋„ "์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๊ณผ๋ชฉ์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ๊ฑฐ์•ผ."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:31
Alright? So the first thing you wanna do on your page is put down the title.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋จผ์ € ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ์ผ์€ ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:36
The title.
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02:36
What am I going to study?
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์ œ๋ชฉ.
"๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?"
02:39
Ok? Boom! Write that out.
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
ํŒ”.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์“ฐ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Now, here's what I suggest you do, see. See, I'm such a nice guy.
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๋ณด๋‹ค?
"์˜ค, ์ข‹์•„.
02:47
I'm such a nice guy I'm going to help you today.
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๋‚œ ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์•ผ.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ •๋ง ์ข‹์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด์•ผ.
์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋„์™€์ค„๊ฒŒ."
02:50
Here's what I suggest you do.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ œ์•ˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:53
Ask the teacher what would they think that particular subject
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๊ต์‚ฌ์—๊ฒŒ ํŠน์ • ์ฃผ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š” . ๋‹จ์ˆœ
02:59
- whether it be simple present or simple past, the continuous form, or if you're in Britain, the progressive form (simple progressive, the past progressive, whatever, continuous, progressive...) -
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ํ˜„์žฌ์ธ์ง€ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์ธ์ง€, ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•์ธ์ง€, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”...
์˜ค, ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜๊ตญ์— ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•, ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜•, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ˜• ,
๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋“ .
์ข‹์•„์š”?
์ง€์†์ ์ธ ์ง„๋ณด.
03:11
what would it represent? What is the trigger word?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ผ๊นŒ์š”?
๋ญ...
ํŠธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
So I'm gonna put a little thing here and it's gonna be called a 'trigger word'
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์•„์‡  ๋‹จ์–ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
Now, 'trigger' comes from the use of a gun.
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์ด์ œ "๋ฐฉ์•„์‡ "๋Š” ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
When you have a gun, ok
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์ด์ด ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด...
03:24
- you can see, this is how I draw worms, this is how I draw weapons -
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์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
๋„ˆ๋Š” ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜์žˆ์–ด.
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฒŒ๋ ˆ๋ฅผ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:28
Before you fire the gun, this is called the 'trigger'.
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
์ด์„ ๋ฐœ์‚ฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฉ์•„์‡ ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
That makes the bullet comes out.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ์ด์•Œ์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
So that starts the process.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๊ฐ€ ์‹œ์ž‘๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
So we wanna have something that will start the process to help you getting all the information you need.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํ•„์š”ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์–ป๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์„ธ์Šค๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
.
03:41
This trigger word is important, because it must help you remember what the subject is you're studying.
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์ด ๋ฐฉ์•„์‡  ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๋ชฉ ๋Œ€์‹ ์— ์ œ๋ชฉ์ด ์ข€ ์• ๋งคํ•ด์„œ ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ์ ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:47
So instead of putting 'title' - 'title' is a little bit vague - I'm gonna put 'subject', ok?
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03:52
So, what is the subject?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:54
Then you need a trigger word.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:56
What word is gonna help me remember the title, and by helping me do this will help me do the definitions,
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์ œ๋ชฉ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:00
so I don't have to think anymore - I'm going to know!
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.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ž˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:04
One word will take me one direction, and then the other direction.
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ํ•œ ๋งˆ๋””๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ํ•œ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉํ–ฅ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๋‹ค ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:08
So, what we wanna do is ask a trigger word.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฐฉ์•„์‡  ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
So you'd say, "teacher, what is the best way to explain this?" With one word - that's the key
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜, ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•œ๋งˆ๋””๋กœ.
๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
One word. The teacher shouldn't give you a sentence - you don't need a sentence.
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ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด.
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ฃผ์–ด์„œ๋Š” ์•ˆ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:21
That's what definitions are for.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์ •์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ข‹์•„์š”?
์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ํ•˜์…”์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:26
The teacher should then after start giving you definitions.
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04:29
The trigger word is a bridge, you might say.
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๋ฐฉ์•„์‡  ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:31
You're going over water - here's some water - and you need to get over the water - there's land over here, and land over here
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌผ ์œ„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋ฌผ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์„ ๊ฑด๋„ˆ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ
์— ๋•…์ด ์žˆ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋•…์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:40
and you're saying "I wanna go from point A to point B but I don't know how to swim - how do I go?"
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"A์ง€์ ์—์„œ B์ง€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€๋ฐ ์ˆ˜์˜ํ•  ์ค„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€?"
04:45
Well, we build a bridge.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฑด์„คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:46
And that bridge is your trigger.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ๋‹ค๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋ฐฉ์•„์‡ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:48
That will take you from the subject to definitions and then take you to complete understanding.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์ฃผ์ œ์—์„œ ์ •์˜๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ์ดํ•ด๋กœ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
04:55
Alright? So.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠธ๋ฆฌ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์–ด ์™€ ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:57
We have a trigger word and the definitions.
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05:00
From the definitions, where you wanna go after that is do some diagrams.
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์ •์˜์—์„œ ๊ทธ ํ›„์— ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
What people forget, usually, our brains, well, we're video cameras.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์žŠ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ, ๋ณดํ†ต ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋‡Œ๋Š”...
์Œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
Video cameras. Video cameras have listening devices, absolutely. But they take pictures.
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๋น„๋””์˜ค ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ.
๋น„๋””์˜ค ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ์—๋Š” ์ฒญ์ทจ ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ „์ ์œผ๋กœ.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์‚ฌ์ง„์„ ์ฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
And from the pictures we get a view of our world.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์ง„์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:23
Right now close your eyes, and then try and imagine your room without thinking of a picture.
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์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ˆˆ์„ ๊ฐ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด๋ณด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:28
Come on. Imagine where you're sitting in the room without looking at a picture.
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์–ด์„œ ํ•ด๋ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ
์— ์•‰์•„ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์„ ์ƒ์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š” .
05:32
Can't do it, right?
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05:33
Soon as you think 'room' boom! Chair pops up, you see a chair in your head.
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€?
๋ฐฉ, ์ฟต, ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ํŠ€์–ด๋‚˜์˜ค์ž ๋งˆ์ž ๋จธ๋ฆฟ์†์— ์˜์ž๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
So you know right away that our world is structured by pictures - so are your thought processes.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์„ฑ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๊ณผ์ •๋„ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
So if you can get a picture for it, you'll actually get a basic understanding of it.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
But this should come after the definition.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •์˜์—์„œ ๋ฒ—์–ด๋‚˜์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:48
Because, as I said, video cameras also have listening devices.
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์นด๋ฉ”๋ผ์—๋„ ์ฒญ์ทจ ์žฅ์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:51
Go check out my lesson on listening, effective listening, alright?
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๋“ฃ๊ธฐ, ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค .
05:54
That should help you.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
05:55
Alright. So, you want to get the definition to get an understanding, but to complete that understanding you want a picture.
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๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
์ด์ œ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ์™„๋ฃŒํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์‚ฌ์ง„์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:02
If you get a complete picture, you'll notice just by closing your eyes, seeing the picture the idea, the definition, comes up.
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์™„์ „ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ์–ป์œผ๋ฉด ๋ˆˆ์„ ๊ฐ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ๋ณด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋„
์•„์ด๋””์–ด, ์ •์˜๊ฐ€ ๋– ์˜ค๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:08
Cool. Alright.
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ.
๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
06:10
After that, you'll do what standard teachers do, which should be - well, not should be, usually a good idea -
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๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ํ‘œ์ค€ ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:18
to do the form of the verb
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06:21
and then to do the structure of the verb
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์ข‹์•„์š”.
๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น  ๋•Œ ๋ณดํ†ต ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๋‚˜ ํŠน๋ณ„ํ•œ ์ง€์‹œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:27
The last thing I usually do when I teach are special cases or special instructions.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์น ํŒ์„ ๋ณด๋ฉด, ์ €๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ต์œก์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ œ ๊ณต์‹์˜ ์œค๊ณฝ์„ ์žก์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:33
So you're gonna look here, and if you look at the board, I've basically outlined my formula for teaching
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.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:40
but here's the beautiful thing about it - it's your formula.
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๊ณต์‹์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:42
Now when you go to a class, you can literally have something like this written out for you
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์— ๊ฐˆ ๋•Œ ๋ฌธ์ž ๊ทธ๋Œ€๋กœ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์“ฐ์—ฌ์ง„ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
06:53
where you can organise your work, so each part leads into the next part.
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๊ฐ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์ด ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์œผ๋กœ ์ด์–ด์ง€๋„๋ก ์ž‘์—…์„ ๊ตฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฑฐ์•ผ?
06:59
What am I saying?
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07:00
Yeah I know - it's easy to talk, but then you usually have to show it, right?
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๋„ค, ์•Œ์•„์š”.
๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ๋Š” ์‰ฝ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ณดํ†ต์€ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค˜์•ผ๊ฒ ์ฃ ? ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ์€ ์•„๋ฌด ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ์—†๊ธฐ
07:04
You need a demonstration.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์‹œ์—ฐ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:05
Because it means nothing to you right now.
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07:07
So why don't we start off with the - in my case, or my belief - the best one to start off with.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ œ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š”, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—๋Š” ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์€ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–จ๊นŒ์š”?
07:13
I'm gonna start off with the simple present.
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์ด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ ๋ฌผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:16
The simple present. Well, first of all, that's the subject, so I'll put that up here.
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ์„ ๋ฌผ.
๋ญ, ์šฐ์„  ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ฃผ์ œ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ์˜ฌ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:22
'simple present'
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ ๋ฌผ.
07:25
And by the way, start your watch.
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์ด์ œ ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
07:28
My watch is here.
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๋‚ด ์‹œ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
I'm gonna teach you the simple present in five minutes.
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ 5๋ถ„ ์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
"What?" Yup, five minutes.
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๋ฌด์—‡?
07:33
Are you ready?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, 5๋ถ„.
์ค€๋น„ ๋˜์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
07:35
Ezekiel just got his watch out. "Go ahead, start!"
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์—์Šค๊ฒ”์€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ์‹œ๊ณ„๋ฅผ ๊บผ๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ณ„์†ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
์‹œ์ž‘.
07:39
Alright. Starting now.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:41
Simple present how do we start?
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ ๋ฌผ, ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
07:43
Trigger word. Simple present.
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๋ฐฉ์•„์‡  ๋‹จ์–ด.
๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ ๋ฌผ.
07:45
In my mind the present is forever, it's permanent.
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๋‚ด ๋งˆ์Œ ์†์— ํ˜„์žฌ๋Š” ์˜์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:50
And you know why? Well, the simple present is true.
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"์™œ?"
์Œ, ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ ๋ฌผ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
Truth. Or I'll say true.
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์ง„์‹ค.
์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ท€์ฐฎ์œผ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
07:58
I'm gonna erase that 'cos it's kinda messy
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์ง€์šฐ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
08:00
Ok we'll go here
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์ข‹์•„, ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฐˆ๊ฑฐ์•ผ.
08:02
So, simple present is about true, it's permanent
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง„์‹ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:05
Now you're gonna say "how can you say it's permanent? You haven't told me anything"
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์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ์•„๋ฌด๊ฒƒ๋„ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
Well give me a second and I will.
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์ž ๊น๋งŒ์š”.
08:11
I'm gonna say the simple present I'm gonna say it's about truth.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด๊ฒŒ์š”.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ ๋ฌผ์„ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง„์‹ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ง„์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๊ธˆ, ์–ด์ œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚ด์ผ ์ง„์‹ค์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
The important thing about truth is that it has to be true now, yesterday, and tomorrow.
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08:19
What do I mean?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
๋‚˜๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด๋‹ค.
08:21
I'm a teacher.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์–ด์ œ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
08:22
I was a teacher yesterday.
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08:23
I believe in my mind I'll be a teacher tomorrow.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ 5๋…„, 10๋…„ ํ›„์—๋„ ๋‚ด์ผ ๊ต์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์Œ์†์œผ๋กœ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:25
Even for five, ten years from now.
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08:27
I've been a teacher for five years and I'm a teacher right now
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๋‚˜๋Š” 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๊ต์‚ฌ์˜€๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ต์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:30
It's about truth, so it's true.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„์‹ค์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‘?
08:33
Yeah? With me so far?
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์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚˜๋ž‘?
์ข‹์€.
08:35
Good.
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08:35
In that case in my mind and my way of thinking, notice I've gone from the grammar lesson and expanded it.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—, ๋‚ด ๋งˆ์Œ๊ณผ ์‚ฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐฉ์‹์—์„œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ๋‚˜๊ฐ”๊ณ 
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ฆฌ์„ธ์š”.
08:40
I've expanded it.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™•์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
I've given you the concept of truth, which is forever.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์˜์›ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ์ง„๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:45
Here's why.
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๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ œ ์ˆ˜์—…์— ์™€์„œ "์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜, ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์„ ๋ฌผ์€ ์Šต๊ด€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:46
A lot of students come to my class, and they'll tell me,
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08:48
"Teacher, simple present is about habit." And I usually say to them,
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."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋ณดํ†ต ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์Šต๊ด€?
08:53
"Habit? How do you know it's about habit? How do you know?"
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์Šต๊ด€์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ธ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•„์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
08:56
And they just say, "that's what my teacher told me."
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ "์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
They don't understand.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜์ง€ ๋ชปํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” "์ง„์‹ค์— ๊ทผ๊ฑฐํ•œ ์Šต๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:01
I go, "it's a habit based on truth."
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09:02
They say, "what do you mean by that?"
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"๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์—์š”?"
09:04
So I say, "well, first of all, truth is permanent.
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"๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์šฐ์„ , ์ง„์‹ค์€ ์˜์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
It's gotta be true today or tomorrow or yesterday.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ด๋‚˜ ๋‚ด์ผ์ด๋‚˜ ์–ด์ œ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:09
Birds fly. True a thousand years ago, it'll be true in a thousand years from now, it's true today.
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์ƒˆ๋Š” ๋‚ ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ฒœ๋…„ ์ „์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์š”, ์ง€๊ธˆ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ฒœ๋…„ ํ›„์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:14
Ok? Permanent.
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
09:15
So that's past, present, and future, right?
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์˜๊ตฌ์ ์ธ.
์ฆ‰, ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:17
So we'll just put that up here:
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€๋งŒ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:19
Truth must be true past, present, future.
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์ง„์‹ค์€ ์ง„์‹ค์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜.
09:24
I've had one minute now; I've got four to go.
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์ด์ œ 1๋ถ„ ๋‚จ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฐˆ 4์žˆ์–ด.
09:27
Keep watching. Alright.
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๊ณ„์† ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€.
09:29
So, definitions.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ •์˜.
09:30
How do you know something's true?
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
09:31
Well, by definition, if something's true, it should be a fact.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ •์˜์ƒ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:38
Notice I didn't put fact; I put true.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์ž…๋ ฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
Some things are facts, but they're not true.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:42
We disprove them.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐ˜์ฆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
We say truths are eternal or forever.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง„๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜์›ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์˜์›ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:46
Right? It's a fact that the prime minister of Canada is Brian Mulroney.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค ์ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์ด์–ธ ๋ฉ€๋กœ๋‹ˆ์ธ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
Well, that's not a fact. It was a fact, but it's not true anymore, you see.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
๋” ์ด์ƒ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:54
I don't even know, cos I don't like Harper so I don't wanna - oops, I said his name
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๋ณด๋‹ค?
๋‚˜๋Š” Harper๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‚˜๋„ ๋ชจ๋ฅธ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ๋‚œ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์•„...
09:57
Harper is our prime minister.
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์˜ค, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์˜ ์ด๋ฆ„์„ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด.
Harper๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ด๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
Right, it's a fact now, and it's true now, but it will not be a fact in five years; it'll be another person who's prime minister.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๊ณ  ์ง€๊ธˆ๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์ง€๋งŒ 5๋…„ ํ›„์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ์•„๋‹ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
So facts can be true: limited.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ œํ•œ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:07
Or it can be shown to be wrong; truth should be true all the time.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
๋˜๋Š” ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
True๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ True์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:11
So we say true, something must be true.
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์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
Now how do we know it's true?
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:16
Well, often it's repeated.
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์Œ, ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด์ œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋์— -ed๋ฅผ ๋ถ™์—ฌ์„œ repeat๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:19
Now you'll noticed I put repeated with '-ed' on the end - why?
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10:22
'-ed' reminds me of the past.
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์™œ?
-ed๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ธฐ์‹œํ‚ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
It starts in the past. True now, true in the future. '-ed'.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ณ , ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๊ณ , ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. -
์—๋“œ.
10:28
Now why don't we look at here - what's the other part of it?
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:32
Repeated doesn't always mean something is true.
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๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:33
In fact, this morning I went to the washroom three times.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์•„์นจ์— ํ™”์žฅ์‹ค์„ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:36
I've repeated it three times.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
Will I do this tomorrow? Maybe, maybe not.
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๋‚ด์ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์•„๋‹ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ .
10:41
It's not necessarily true, but it's repeated.
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๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:43
So we need something else to make this repetition true.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:46
And I'm gonna give it to you.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์ค„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:48
It's 'often'.
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์ž์ฃผ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:49
How often do you do something? or what is the 'frequency'?
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์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ, ๋˜๋Š” ๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ์–ผ๋งˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
10:53
Cos frequency basically means time you repeat something - the amount of times you repeat something in a given amount of time.
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๋นˆ๋„๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฃผ์–ด์ง„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„
๋™์•ˆ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋Š” ํšŸ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:00
For instance, 'I go to school five times a week.'
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ ํ•™๊ต์— ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:04
So I go five times, one week.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:05
Time period: one week. Repetition: five times.
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๊ธฐ๊ฐ„, ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ.
๋ฐ˜๋ณต, ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ.
11:08
Alright? So that's my frequency - how often.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ ๋นˆ๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ์š”.
11:11
And it's repeated. And it's true.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:13
If I have all of these things true, it becomes the truth.
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์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„์‹ค์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:16
It is the truth. I am a teacher, I teach five times a week.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ง„์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ๋‹ค์„ฏ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์นœ๋‹ค.
11:19
Now, habit. We defined habit by saying 'repeated' and 'often'.
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์ž, ์Šต๊ด€.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์ ์ด๊ณ  ์ž์ฃผ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์Šต๊ด€์„ ์ •์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:23
If you repeat it enough, and you repeat it often, it's a habit.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋ฉด ์Šต๊ด€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:26
I smoke three times a day, it's my habit.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋ฃจ์— ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๋‹ด๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ํ”ผ์šด๋‹ค.
11:28
That's where habit comes from.
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๋‚ด ์Šต๊ด€์ด์•ผ.
๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์Šต๊ด€์ด ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:30
The next time your teacher tells you that, you explain to them cos it's based on frequency, and it's based on repetition.
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๋‹ค์Œ ๋ฒˆ์— ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜์ด ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด
๋นˆ๋„์™€ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์— ๊ธฐ๋ฐ˜์„ ๋‘๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์„ค๋ช…์„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:35
"Ooh, student!"
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"์šฐ์™€, ํ•™์ƒ.
11:37
I have two minutes.
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2๋ถ„ ๋‚จ์•˜์–ด."
11:38
Well, let's look here. What did I say about truth?
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์ž, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์ง„์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:41
I already put the answer up here, and now you know as well.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๋ฏธ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋‹ต์„ ์˜ฌ๋ ธ๊ณ  ์ด์ œ ๋‹น์‹ ๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์—๋„ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
If something's true, then it has to be true in the past, pres, future.
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11:50
Ok? So that means it's gonna be true.
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:54
All the way this way and this way.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์ €๊ธฐ์„œ.
11:56
I know it's small, don't worry. Go in [yo??], press that little button, blow up the screen, you'll see it, ok?
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ž‘๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€์„œ ์ € ์ž‘์€ ๋ฒ„ํŠผ์„ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ํ™”๋ฉด์„ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:00
Now the import of the diagram is the idea, so we know something's true all the way here.
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ค„๊ณง ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:04
What about 'repeated'? Well, once again, remember I said 'past, present, future'?
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๋ฐ˜๋ณต์€ ์–ด๋–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•œ ๋ฒˆ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ, ํ˜„์žฌ, ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹ญ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:08
Well we're gonna go all the way down here, and say this, and here, and here.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ฐ€์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
So when we say here and we talk about 'repeated', it will be repeated over here, see?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณต๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
In the past you'll do it here, maybe here in the present here, and in the future you'll do it.
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๋ณด๋‹ค?
์˜ˆ์ „์—๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ํ˜„์žฌ, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ.
12:21
It keeps happening.
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์•ž์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:22
Repeated over and over again.
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๊ณ„์† ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ณ„์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
12:25
Yeah? Cool.
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์‘?
์‹œ์›ํ•œ.
12:27
Now the last one is gonna go down here.
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์ด์ œ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:30
Look it's way down here, so what I'm gonna do is move it up a bit and draw another line ok?
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์ด๋ด, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„๋ž˜์•ผ.
๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์œ„๋กœ ์˜ฎ๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ ์„ ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:34
So we've done that now to make it easy.
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
12:35
Frequency. I'll put 'week'.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ด.
๋นˆ๋„.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ๋„ฃ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
12:39
Ok? Week? You have the word week?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
์ฃผ.
12:41
Well, maybe not.
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์ฃผ๊ฐ„์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:42
So let's go over here.
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์•„๋งˆ. ์ž
์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์—์Šค๊ฒ”, ๋น„์ผœ.
12:45
Ezekiel, move over.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ฃผ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
I've got week. So I say '1 week'.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 1์ฃผ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:50
That is my 'time'.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‚ด ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด์•ผ.
์ข‹์•„์š”?
12:53
Ok? Then I'm gonna say "how many times repeated in a week?"
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ์ด๋‚˜ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:56
One, two, three.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋‘˜ ์…‹.
12:57
Three times a week.
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์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ์„ธ๋ฒˆ.
12:59
I go to the gym to work on my big, massive muscles - I only have a big belly - three times a week.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ํฐ ๊ทผ์œก์„ ๋‹จ๋ จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ฒด์œก๊ด€์— ๊ฐ„๋‹ค .
๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐฐ๋งŒ ํฌ๋‹ค.
์ผ์ฃผ์ผ์— ์„ธ๋ฒˆ.
13:07
That's how many times I repeat it.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ช‡ ๋ฒˆ์ด๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ฃผํŒŒ์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:09
That's the frequency.
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13:09
You've now learned the basics for the simple present.
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์ด์ œ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์„ ๋ฌผ์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:13
You have the diagrams, you've got the definitions, you've got your trigger word: truth.
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๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ฐฉ์•„์‡ ๋ฅผ ๋‹น๊ธฐ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด, ์ง„์‹ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:16
Simple present - truth - boom!
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๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ํ˜„์žฌ, ์ง„์‹ค.
13:18
These three things will come out: how do you know it's true? Bang, bang, bang, bang
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ํŒ”.
์ด ์„ธ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ—ˆ๋‹ˆ๋“€๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:21
Simple present.
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๋ฑ…, ๋ฑ…, ๋ฑ…, ๋ฑ….
13:22
Here's your diagrams.
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค์ด์–ด๊ทธ๋žจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:23
'Form'. Here's my favourite.
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ํ˜•ํƒœ.
13:24
Verb 'to do' is the auxiliary verb for the simple present.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋™์‚ฌ to do๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœ ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์กฐ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:28
And all we have to do is, basically, if it's singular third person, add 's'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜, 3์ธ์นญ์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "s"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:34
Ok? So. Let's move over the form a little bit.
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
์ด์ œ ์–‘์‹ ์œ„๋กœ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด๋™ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:38
So if it's singular you add 's'.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ผ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "s"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:41
And if it's plural, no 's'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ณต์ˆ˜ํ˜•์ด๋ฉด "s"๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:43
That's it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ.
13:44
So, 'they go', 'she goes'.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ€๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฐ„๋‹ค.
13:47
Easy, right?
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์‰ฝ์ฃ ?
13:49
'I walk - well see I forgot 'I' is personal, but -
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑธ์–ด.
13:52
'she walks', 'they walk'.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ฑท๋Š”๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑธ์–ด.
13:55
Third person singular, so
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3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 3์ธ์นญ ๋‹จ์ˆ˜์— "s"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:57
third person singular, add 's'
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13:58
That's it. He/she/it.
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค์•ผ.
14:00
Finally, structure.
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๊ทธ, ๊ทธ๋…€, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ.
14:01
I won't go into that now, because I'm actually running out of board room and time,
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฌ์กฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ํšŒ์˜์‹ค๊ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•˜๊ธฐ
๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
14:04
but you get the picture.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:06
We do the simple or the regular structure, right? 'I walk', 'I work'
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๊ทœ์น™์ ์ธ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑท๋Š”๋‹ค.
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผํ•œ๋‹ค.
14:12
Negative: 'I do not walk/work', 'I don't work'
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๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ.
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑท์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
์ผํ•˜๋‹ค.
14:15
Question. What do we do with a question? We actually reverse the verb with the subject.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ผํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค.
์งˆ๋ฌธ.
์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ฃผ์–ด์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋’ค์ง‘์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:20
And then the [W5er?] information question where we say 'what?', 'where?', 'when?', 'who?', with the rest.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ W-์„ฌ์œ  ์ •๋ณด ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„, ์–ด๋””์„œ, ์–ธ์ œ, ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€,
14:25
Cool.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:26
I lied, it was more like ten minutes.
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์‹œ์›ํ•œ?
๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ง“๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค.
14:28
But you get the picture.
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10๋ถ„ ์ด์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:29
What, you spend an hour in another class learning what I taught you in ten minutes?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋ฆผ์„ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋ญ์•ผ, ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ 10๋ถ„ ์•ˆ์— ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ์ค€ ๊ฑธ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ ํ•œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฐฐ์šด๋‹จ ๋ง์ด์•ผ?
14:33
Go over this.
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์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
14:34
You'll notice that if you go over this three times later on you'll go "whoa! I can't forget!"
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์„ธ ๋ฒˆ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ์™€, ์žŠ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:38
I guarantee you, in two weeks you'll go "oh my God, I still remember!"
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2์ฃผ ํ›„์— ๊ฐ€์‹ค ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๊ณ  ์žฅ๋‹ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ง™์†Œ์‚ฌ, ์•„์ง๋„ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ๋‚˜์š”.
14:40
Because you have a trigger word that will lead to the rest.
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋กœ ์ด์–ด์งˆ ๋ฐฉ์•„์‡  ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:43
Ok? More importantly, you have a structure for yourself to go into any classroom and learn English.
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
๋” ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ต์‹ค์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๋“ ์ง€
14:49
You write out the structure, you get the teacher to define it, teach to you, and you will remember.
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์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •์˜ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ต์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์–ป์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์ณ.
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:55
Bet it's worth more than a Starbucks coffee.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์Šคํƒ€๋ฒ…์Šค ์ปคํ”ผ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:59
Anyway. Ezekiel likes it black and tall. Send one - engVid.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜๋„.
Ezekiel์€ ๊ทธ์˜ ๊ฒ€์€์ƒ‰๊ณผ ํ‚ค๊ฐ€ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋‚ด์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
EngVid.
15:04
So, the big quiz after, asking you what are the things you should put down
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ ์–ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณธ ํ›„ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:07
and then, you know, try and put it to use.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
15:10
Alright? It'll help you with general grammar, and advanced grammar lessons as well.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ๊ณผ ๊ณ ๊ธ‰ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ˆ˜์—…์—๋„ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
It's always my pleasure helping you,
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋•๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ธ์ œ๋‚˜ ์ œ ๊ธฐ์จ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:15
and I'd like to be more of service to you,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๋ด‰์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:18
so why don't you come to engVid?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ EngVid์— ์˜ค์‹œ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
15:21
So I'll put it on the board, ok, just in case
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ฒŒ์‹œํŒ์— ์˜ฌ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ข‹์•„์š”?
๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ.
15:24
And by the way, check out our other lessons on basic grammar - we've got a whole unit you might wanna take a look at.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฐ•์˜๋„ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€
์ „์ฒด ์œ ๋‹›์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:31
Coming up soon, alright?
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๊ณง ์˜ฌ๋ผ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
So it's www dot Eng (as in English)
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
www.engvid.com ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:40
Vid (as in video)
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15:44
dot com
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15:46
Where we do our best every day to make life a little easier for you.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งค์ผ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ข‹์€ ํ•˜๋ฃจ ๋˜์„ธ์š”.
15:50
Have a great day.
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์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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