BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Politics' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocabulary!

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2024-03-31 ใƒป BBC Learning English


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BOX SET: 6 Minute English - 'Politics' English mega-class! 30 minutes of new vocabulary!

151,374 views ใƒป 2024-03-31

BBC Learning English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
00:05
Hello. This is 6 Minute English. I'm Neil.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
00:08
And I'm Sam.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ด์—์š”.
00:09
Sam, do you remember the first time you voted?
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์ƒ˜, ์ฒ˜์Œ ํˆฌํ‘œํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋•Œ๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
00:12
Hmm, no, I don't, but I remember being very keen to do it.
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ํ , ์•„๋‹ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ๋งค์šฐ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ธฐ์–ต์ด ๋‚œ๋‹ค.
00:16
It would have been the first election after my 18th birthday.
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๋‚ด 18๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ƒ์ผ ์ดํ›„ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜€์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
00:20
So, over the many, many, many years since then -
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ์˜ค๋žœ ์„ธ์›”์ด ํ๋ฅด๋ฉด์„œ -
00:24
Ah, not so much with the ' manys', if you don't mind, Neil!
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์•„, '๋‹ค์ˆ˜'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์œผ์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด Neil!
00:27
OK, in the very, very few years since then -
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์ข‹์•„, ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ช‡ ๋…„์ด ์ง€๋‚˜๋ฉด์„œ -
00:31
Yeah, that's more like it!
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๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋น„์Šทํ•ด์กŒ์–ด! ๊ทธ
00:32
In the years since then, have your political views changed very much?
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์ดํ›„ ๋ช‡ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ๊ฒฌํ•ด๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ๋ฐ”๋€Œ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
00:36
I think my political views are a lot better informed now.
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๋‚ด ์ •์น˜์  ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋Š” ์ด์ œ ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ์ž˜ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€
00:41
I think the decisions I make
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๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฒฐ์ •์€ ์ •์น˜์  ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
00:42
are based on a better understanding of the political situation,
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๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ดํ•ด๋ฅผ ํ† ๋Œ€๋กœ ๋‚ด๋ฆฐ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
but I still generally agree with the same things I did when I was younger, I think.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ธ์„ ๋•Œ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€์ฒด๋กœ ๋™์˜ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:51
There is a belief that, as we get older,
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก
00:53
we become more right-wing in our political views and opinions.
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์ •์น˜์  ๊ฒฌํ•ด์™€ ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด ์šฐํŒŒํ™”๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ฏฟ์Œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
Is this true and if so, why?
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๋งŒ์•ฝ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
00:59
We'll be finding out a little bit more about this, but first, a question.
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋จผ์ € ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:03
What was the first UK general election in which 18-year-olds could vote?
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18์„ธ๊ฐ€ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์˜๊ตญ ์ด์„ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
01:08
Was it a) 1929? b) 1950? Or c) 1970?
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a) 1929๋…„์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? b) 1950๋…„? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) 1970๋…„?
01:13
So, what do you reckon then Sam?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ƒ˜์€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”?
01:15
Well, they were all before my time.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์‚ด๊ธฐ ์ „์˜ ์ผ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:17
I'm going to say 1950 โ€” that sounds about right.
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๋‚˜๋Š” 1950๋…„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋ง์ด ๋งž๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ
01:21
It was the decade in which teenagers were invented, after all!
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์‹ญ๋Œ€๋“ค์ด ๋ฐœ๋ช…๋œ 10๋…„์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค !
01:24
OK. Well, I will reveal the answer later in the programme.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ ๋‹ต์€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ๊ณต๊ฐœํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
James Tilley is a professor of politics at the University of Oxford.
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์ œ์ž„์Šค ํ‹ธ๋ฆฌ(James Tilley)๋Š” ์˜ฅ์Šคํผ๋“œ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ์ •์น˜ํ•™ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:32
He appeared recently on BBC Radio 4's programme Analysis
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ตœ๊ทผ BBC Radio 4์˜ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ๋ถ„์„์— ์ถœ์—ฐํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
01:37
and was asked why, if it is true, do we become more right-wing as we get older?
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๋ผ๋ฉด ์™œ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก ์šฐ์ต์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์ด์œ ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
What does he think?
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:44
The question whether age affects our political views is a tricky one.
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ๊ฒฌํ•ด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:48
I think probably the most plausible explanation
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋“ฏํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…
01:51
is that people just generally become a bit more resistant to change as they get older
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์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์ข€ ๋” ์ €ํ•ญํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
01:54
and I think also that they tend to perhaps become less idealistic.
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๋œ ์ด์ƒ์ฃผ์˜์ ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
So, what reasons does he give?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์ด์œ ๋ฅผ ์ œ์‹œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:00
Well, he talks about what he thinks are the most plausible explanations.
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋“ฏํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
'Plausible' is an adjective
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'Plausible'์€
02:06
which means something is 'believable, it's reasonable and it makes sense'.
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'๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ํ•ฉ๋ฆฌ์ ์ด๊ณ , ๋ง์ด ๋œ๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์„ ๊ฐ€์ง„ ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
And what are the plausible explanations?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋“ฏํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:15
Well, he says that generally, as we get older,
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก ์‚ถ์˜
02:18
we like to have more stability in our lives, we don't like change,
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์•ˆ์ •์„ ๋” ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉฐ
02:22
in fact, we're 'resistant' to change.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋ณ€ํ™”์— '์ €ํ•ญ'ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:24
That means we're 'against' change.
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์ด๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— '๋ฐ˜๋Œ€'ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
02:27
When we are younger, we might like the idea of revolution,
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์ Š์„ ๋•Œ๋Š” ํ˜๋ช…์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์„ ์ข‹์•„ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ ,
02:31
we might be very 'idealistic'.
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๋งค์šฐ '์ด์ƒ์ฃผ์˜์ '์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
This means, for example, we might think
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์ด๋Š” ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด
02:36
that 'we can and should change the world to make things better'.
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'์„ธ์ƒ ์„ ๋” ์ข‹๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์„ธ์ƒ์„ ๋ฐ”๊ฟ€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๊ฟ”์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค'๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:40
This would cause big changes in the world which, when we are older
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ํฐ ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๊ณ 
02:44
and more settled in our lives, do not seem like such a good idea.
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์‚ถ์— ์ข€ ๋” ์ •์ฐฉํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ข‹์€ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์•„๋‹Œ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
Let's listen again.
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
02:49
The question whether age affects our political views is a tricky one.
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๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ๊ฒฌํ•ด์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋ฌธ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:54
I think probably the most plausible explanation
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ทธ๋Ÿด๋“ฏํ•œ ์„ค๋ช…
02:56
is that people just generally become a bit more resistant to change as they get older
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์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์ข€ ๋” ์ €ํ•ญํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ณ 
03:00
and I think also that they tend to perhaps become less idealistic.
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๋œ ์ด์ƒ์ฃผ์˜์ ์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:03
Professor Tilley goes on to explain more about why being resistant to change
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Tilley ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ์™œ ๋ณ€ํ™”์— ์ €ํ•ญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด
03:07
might lead people to support more right-wing policies.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์šฐํŒŒ ์ •์ฑ…์„ ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
So, if parties on the right represent a platform
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐํŒŒ ์ •๋‹น์ด ํ˜„
03:14
which is perhaps more favourable to the status quo,
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์ƒํƒœ์— ๋” ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ด์ƒ์ฃผ์˜๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š”
03:17
it's perhaps more about pragmatism than it is about idealism,
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์‹ค์šฉ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น๊ณ 
03:21
then that might be more attractive to older people than younger people.
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์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋…ธ์ธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:25
So, what is seen as the appeal of moving to the right?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์šฐํŒŒ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋งค๋ ฅ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ณด๋‚˜์š”?
03:29
Political parties have a particular 'set of policies'.
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์ •๋‹น์—๋Š” ํŠน์ •ํ•œ '์ •์ฑ… ์„ธํŠธ'๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:33
This is sometimes known as their 'platform'.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ 'ํ”Œ๋žซํผ'์œผ๋กœ ์•Œ๋ ค์ ธ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:36
Professor Tilley says that if their platforms support the status quo,
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Tilley ๊ต์ˆ˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์ด ํ˜„ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
03:41
they might be more attractive to older people.
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๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:44
'The status quo' is a Latin phrase we use in English
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'The status quo'๋Š” '
03:47
to refer to 'the situation as it is now' โ€” that is, 'one that is not going to change'.
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ํ˜„์žฌ์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ', ์ฆ‰ '๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ์ƒํ™ฉ'์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ผํ‹ด์–ด ๋ฌธ๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
Traditionally, it's parties of the centre right
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์ „ํ†ต์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜„ ์ƒํƒœ๋ฅผ ๋” ์ง€์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ค‘๋„์šฐํŒŒ ์ •๋‹น๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:57
that seem to be more supportive of the status quo.
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.
04:00
So, as we get older, he says our political views are less about 'idealism'
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ๊ฒฌํ•ด๋Š” '์ด์ƒ์ฃผ์˜'
04:05
and more about 'pragmatism'.
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๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” '์‹ค์šฉ์ฃผ์˜'์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:07
'Pragmatism' is 'being practical and realistic
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'์‹ค์šฉ์ฃผ์˜'๋Š” '
04:10
about what can be achieved and how it can be achieved'.
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๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ , ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ด๊ณ  ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:13
But of course this doesn't apply to everyone
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ์ ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉฐ,
04:16
and just because people seem to move more to the right as they get older
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‚˜์ด๊ฐ€ ๋“ค์ˆ˜๋ก ๋” ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ•ด์„œ
04:20
doesn't mean that they completely change their politics.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์ •์น˜๋ฅผ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ๋ฐ”๊พผ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
04:23
Let's hear Professor Tilley again.
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ํ‹ธ๋ฆฌ ๊ต์ˆ˜์˜ ๋ง์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ž.
04:25
So, if parties on the right represent a platform
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์šฐ์ต ์ •๋‹น์ด
04:28
which is perhaps more favourable to the status quo,
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ํ˜„ ์ƒํƒœ์— ๋” ์œ ๋ฆฌํ•œ ํ”Œ๋žซํผ์„ ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
04:31
it's perhaps more about 'pragmatism' than it is about 'idealism',
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋งˆ๋„ '์ด์ƒ์ฃผ์˜' ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” '์‹ค์šฉ์ฃผ์˜'์— ๋” ๊ฐ€๊น๊ณ ,
04:35
then that might be more attractive to older people than younger people.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋…ธ์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋งค๋ ฅ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:39
Right, let's get the answer to our question.
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๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๊ตฌํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:42
What was the first UK general election in which 18-year-olds could vote?
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18์„ธ๊ฐ€ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ์˜๊ตญ ์ด์„ ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”?
04:47
Was it a) 1929? b) 1950? Or c) 1970?
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a) 1929๋…„์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? b) 1950๋…„? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) 1970๋…„?
04:52
Sam, what did you say?
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์ƒ˜, ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด์š”?
04:54
I thought it was 1950.
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1950๋…„์ธ ์ค„ ์•Œ์•˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
04:56
Well, you're wrong, I'm afraid. The correct answer is 1970.
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์œ ๊ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ‹€๋ ธ์–ด์š”. ์ •๋‹ต์€ 1970๋…„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” 1969๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ
05:01
18-year-olds have been allowed to vote in the UK since 1969
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18์„ธ ์ฒญ์†Œ๋…„์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋˜์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๊ทธ
05:05
and the first general election after then was in 1970.
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์ดํ›„ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์ด์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” 1970๋…„์— ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
So, a bit later than you thought, Sam,
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์ƒ˜, ์ƒ๊ฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋Šฆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜์‹ 
05:11
but congratulations to anyone who did get that right.
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค๊ป˜ ์ถ•ํ•˜๋ฅผ ๋“œ๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
05:14
OK, let's remind ourselves of our vocabulary.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค .
05:18
Yes, first we had 'plausible',
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๋„ค, ๋จผ์ € '๋ฏฟ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”', '๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ'์„
05:20
an adjective that means 'believable' or 'possible'.
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์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์ธ 'ํƒ€๋‹น์„ฑ ์žˆ๋Š”'์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:23
Being 'resistant' to something
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์— '์ €ํ•ญํ•œ๋‹ค'๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
05:25
means you are 'against it and don't want it to happen'.
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'๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค'๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:28
If you are 'idealistic',
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด '์ด์ƒ์ฃผ์˜์ '์ด๋ผ๋ฉด '์ƒํ™ฉ์ด ์–ด๋– ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ
05:30
you have 'a clear and simple moral view of how things should be'.
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๋„๋•์  ๊ด€์ '์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
05:34
This contrasts with one of our other words, 'pragmatism'.
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์ด๋Š” '์‹ค์šฉ์ฃผ์˜'๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ๋Œ€์กฐ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
This noun is 'the idea of being realistic and practical about what can be achieved'.
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์ด ๋ช…์‚ฌ๋Š” ' ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์„ฑ์ทจํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํ˜„์‹ค์ ์ด๊ณ  ์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:42
A 'platform' can describe
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'ํ”Œ๋žซํผ'์€
05:44
'the policies and ideas of a political party or politician'.
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' ์ •๋‹น์ด๋‚˜ ์ •์น˜์ธ์˜ ์ •์ฑ…๊ณผ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด'๋ฅผ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:47
And 'the status quo' is 'the unchanging situation as it is now'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'ํ˜„์ƒ์œ ์ง€'๋Š” '์ง€๊ธˆ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋ณ€ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ƒํ™ฉ'์ด๋‹ค.
05:52
OK, thank you, Sam. That's all from us in this programme.
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์•Œ์•˜์–ด, ๊ณ ๋งˆ์›Œ์š”, ์ƒ˜. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์˜ ์ „๋ถ€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:55
Do join us again and, if you can't wait, you can find lots more
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๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๊ธฐ๋‹ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๋ฉด
05:58
BBC Learning English online, on social media and on our app.
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ, ์†Œ์…œ ๋ฏธ๋””์–ด, ์•ฑ์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ BBC Learning English๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
06:02
โ€” Goodbye. โ€” Bye.
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- ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”. - ์•ˆ๋…•.
06:04
6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
06:09
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Alice.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:12
And I'm Neil.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”.
06:13
The BBC's 100 Women season is back this week.
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BBC์˜ 100๋ช…์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์‹œ์ฆŒ์ด ์ด๋ฒˆ ์ฃผ์— ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
It will explore women's stories of defiance
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ €ํ•ญ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํƒ๊ตฌํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
06:19
and it will include stories of women who inspired us
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ค€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ฉฐ
06:23
and that's what we're going to talk about today.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:25
And which woman has inspired you, Alice?
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค?
06:27
Oh, well, I have many female 'role models'
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์•„, ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ œ๊ฒŒ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ '๋กค๋ชจ๋ธ'์ด ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ,
06:30
and this means 'people looked to by others as examples to be followed'.
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์ด๋Š” '๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋”ฐ๋ผ์•ผ ํ•  ๋ชจ๋ฒ”์œผ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:34
But I must say I have a great admiration for the 'suffragettes'.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜๋Š” '์ฐธ์ •๊ถŒ ์šด๋™๊ฐ€'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ํฐ ์กด๊ฒฝ์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:38
Ah, 'the women who fought for the right to vote in the UK'.
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์•„, ' ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์‹ธ์šด ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค'์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
06:41
Yes, I think they were very brave.
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๋„ค, ์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์—” ๊ทธ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ์ •๋ง ์šฉ๊ฐํ•˜์‹  ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
06:43
Yes, so do I. Let's see how much you know about it, Neil.
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๋„ค, ์ €๋„ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”, Neil.
06:46
This is today's quiz question for you.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ณต์„ ์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ
06:49
Which was the first country to give all women
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์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์–ด๋””์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
06:52
the right to vote in public elections?
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? a
06:54
Was it a) Finland? b) New Zealand? Or c) the United States?
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) ํ•€๋ž€๋“œ์˜€๋‚˜์š”? b) ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ๋ฏธ๊ตญ?
07:01
Hmm, I'm going to say a) Finland.
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ํ , ์ €๋Š” a) ํ•€๋ž€๋“œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:04
Well, we'll see if you were right or not later on in the show.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์‡ผ์—์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
07:08
Here in Britain, women's groups 'lobbied' โ€”
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์ด๊ณณ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋‹จ์ฒด๋“ค์ด ์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ
07:11
or 'tried to persuade' โ€” Parliament for decades
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์˜ํšŒ์— '๋กœ๋น„'๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ '์„ค๋“'์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•œ
07:14
before eventually winning the right for all women to vote in 1928.
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๋’ค ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ 1928๋…„์— ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ํš๋“ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:18
So, why did it take so long?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์˜ค๋žœ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์„๊นŒ์š”?
07:20
Because Parliament didn't see votes for women as a priority.
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์˜ํšŒ๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์šฐ์„ ์ˆœ์œ„๋กœ ๋ณด์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:24
Then, 30% of men still didn't have the vote either
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ๋„ ๋‚จ์„ฑ์˜ 30%๋Š” ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ๋ชปํ–ˆ๊ณ 
07:28
and politicians felt they needed to address this
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์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์€
07:30
before thinking about 'the woman question', as it was known.
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์†Œ์œ„ '์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋ฌธ์ œ'๋ฅผ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:34
The thing is, without the power to vote, it's hard to influence public policy.
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์ด ์—†์œผ๋ฉด ๊ณต๊ณต ์ •์ฑ…์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋ ต๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
Politicians are worried about losing popularity with the 'electorate' โ€”
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์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์€ '์œ ๊ถŒ์ž',
07:41
that's 'the people who are allowed to vote'.
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์ฆ‰ ' ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ํ—ˆ์šฉ๋œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค'์˜ ์ธ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์žƒ์„๊นŒ ๋ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:43
Women had to find a voice and the suffragette movement gave them a voice.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฐพ์•„์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ์ฐธ์ •๊ถŒ ์šด๋™์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์šด๋™์—๋Š”
07:48
There were several activists in this movement,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
07:51
but perhaps the most famous was Emmeline Pankhurst.
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์•„๋งˆ๋„ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์œ ๋ช…ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ Emmeline Pankhurst์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:54
Emmeline Pankhurst campaigned fearlessly for women's rights for all women โ€”
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Emmeline Pankhurst๋Š”
07:58
aristocratic ladies, factory workers, conservatives, socialists.
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๊ท€์กฑ ์—ฌ์„ฑ, ๊ณต์žฅ ๋…ธ๋™์ž, ๋ณด์ˆ˜์ฃผ์˜์ž, ์‚ฌํšŒ์ฃผ์˜์ž ๋“ฑ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์šฉ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์„ ๋ฒŒ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:02
Let's listen to Julia Bush, author of Women Against The Vote,
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Women Against The Vote์˜ ์ €์ž์ธ ์ค„๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋ถ€์‹œ(Julia Bush)๊ฐ€
08:06
talking more about this suffragette leader.
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์ด ์ฐธ์ •๊ถŒ ์ง€๋„์ž์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:10
Well, she was a very charismatic leader,
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ์นด๋ฆฌ์Šค๋งˆ ๋„˜์น˜๋Š” ์ง€๋„์ž์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ 19์„ธ๊ธฐ์˜
08:13
one of the great women of the 19th century,
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์œ„๋Œ€ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ค‘ ํ•œ ๋ช…์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
and she had a deep compassion for the plight of women
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณค๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊นŠ์€ ์—ฐ๋ฏผ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
08:19
and in particular she was fired
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ํŠนํžˆ
08:21
by the inequalities that women experienced at that time.
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๋‹น์‹œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฒฝํ—˜ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ํ•ด๊ณ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:26
It wasn't just about the parliamentary vote, the suffragette movement,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹จ์ง€ ์˜ํšŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋‚˜ ์ฐธ์ •๊ถŒ ์šด๋™์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:32
it was, she in particular wanted wider reforms for women,
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํญ๋„“์€ ๊ฐœํ˜,
08:36
an improvement in women's status and position.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ์ง€์œ„์™€ ์ง€์œ„ ํ–ฅ์ƒ์„ ์›ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:40
Author Julia Bush. She talks about the plight of women.
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์ €์ž ์ค„๋ฆฌ์•„ ๋ถ€์‹œ. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์˜ ๊ณค๊ฒฝ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:44
'Plight' means 'a bad situation'.
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'๊ณค๊ฒฝ'์€ '๋‚˜์œ ์ƒํ™ฉ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ
08:46
Women did have a really hard time back then, especially working-class women,
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๋‹น์‹œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ง ํž˜๋“  ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํŠนํžˆ ๋…ธ๋™๊ณ„๊ธ‰ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€
08:51
and they had little hope of improving their lives
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08:54
because they had no public voice.
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๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—†์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์‚ถ์„ ๊ฐœ์„ ํ•  ํฌ๋ง์ด ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:56
So, that's what Julia Bush means when she says Mrs Pankhurst wanted wider reforms โ€”
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ Julia Bush๊ฐ€ Pankhurst ์—ฌ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋” ๋„“์€ ๊ฐœํ˜, ์ฆ‰
09:01
access to better schools for women,
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์—ฌ์„ฑ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ํ•™๊ต,
09:03
to university, to better paid jobs and professional careers.
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๋Œ€ํ•™, ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ž„๊ธˆ์„ ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์ง์—… ๋ฐ ์ง์—… ๊ฒฝ๋ ฅ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ ‘๊ทผ์„ ์›ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:07
And it was a big challenge to be heard.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋“ฃ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํฐ ๋„์ „์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์˜๊ตญ ํฌ์ธ ๋จธ์Šค ๋Œ€ํ•™์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ๋ฐ ์  ๋” ์—ญ์‚ฌ
09:09
June Purvis, Emeritus Professor of Women's and Gender History
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๋ช…์˜ˆ ๊ต์ˆ˜์ธ ์ค€ ํผ๋น„์Šค(June Purvis)๋Š”
09:13
at the University of Portsmouth, here in the UK,
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09:15
talks about how the suffragettes started to 'raise their profile' โ€”
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์ฐธ์ •๊ถŒ ์šด๋™๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ
09:19
or 'get noticed' โ€” with deeds, not words.
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๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹Œ ํ–‰๋™์œผ๋กœ '์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ธ์ง€๋„๋ฅผ ๋†’์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜' ์ฃผ๋ชฉ๋ฐ›๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:24
You have women interrupting theatre plays,
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์—ฐ๊ทน์„ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๊ณ , ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ
09:27
getting thrown out of church services for interrupting,
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๊ตํšŒ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฐ์—์„œ ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚˜๊ณ ,
09:31
getting thrown out of Lyons' Corner House for standing up on chairs
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์˜์ž์— ์„œ์„œ ๊ฑฐ์˜
09:33
and having little impromptu meetings.
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์ฆ‰์„์—์„œ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋กœ Lyons' Corner House์—์„œ ์ซ“๊ฒจ๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:36
But militancy also takes on other forms.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ „ํˆฌ์„ฑ์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ๋„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๊ฒฝ์ฐฐ์— ์˜ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์ถœ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๋•Œ
09:39
It takes on forms of direct action, which start with large demonstrations
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๋Œ€๊ทœ๋ชจ ์‹œ์œ„๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜์—ฌ
09:44
when women will not be turned back by the police
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09:46
and then it moves on in, in other forms as well to criminal damage.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ํ”ผํ•ด๋ฅผ ์ž…ํžˆ๋Š” ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:51
So, women started to interrupt public events to talk about their right to vote.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ณต๊ฐœ ํ–‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ค‘๋‹จํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:56
An 'impromptu' meeting is one that 'hasn't been planned'.
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'์ฆ‰์„' ํšŒ์˜๋Š” '๊ณ„ํš๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€' ํšŒ์˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:59
Lyons' Corner House was a chain of teashops popular at the time.
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Lyons' Corner House๋Š” ๋‹น์‹œ ์ธ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ์ฐป์ง‘ ์ฒด์ธ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋‹น์‹œ์—๋Š”
10:04
You can imagine that women suddenly standing up on chairs
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ‘์ž๊ธฐ ์˜์ž์— ์„œ์„œ
10:07
and addressing the public would have been quite shocking in those days!
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๋Œ€์ค‘์—๊ฒŒ ์—ฐ์„คํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ด์—ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ์ƒํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
10:10
Indeed! The suffragettes started small with teashop talks,
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๋ฌผ๋ก ! ์ฐธ์ •๊ถŒ ์šด๋™์€ ์ž‘์€ ์ฐป์ง‘ ๋‹ดํ™”๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
10:14
but they began to take more 'militant' โ€” or 'aggressive' โ€” direct action.
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๋ณด๋‹ค '์ „ํˆฌ์ ', ์ฆ‰ '๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ '์ธ ์ง์ ‘์ ์ธ ํ–‰๋™์„ ์ทจํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
And 'direct action' means 'using demonstrations, strikes'.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  '์ง์ ‘ํ–‰๋™'์€ '์‹œ์œ„, ํŒŒ์—…'์„ ๋œปํ•œ๋‹ค.
10:23
The suffragettes chained themselves to railings, broke shop windows.
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์ฐธ์ •๊ถŒ ์šด๋™๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๋‚œ๊ฐ„์— ๋ชธ์„ ๋ฌถ๊ณ  ์ƒ์  ์ฐฝ๋ฌธ์„ ๊นจ๋œจ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:27
It was quite a struggle,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ฝค ํž˜๋“  ์ผ์ด์—ˆ๊ณ , ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋กœ ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ์ •์„
10:29
and there was no way of delaying the decision to give women the right to vote.
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๋ฏธ๋ฃฐ ์ˆ˜๋Š” ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:32
In 1914, war broke out in Europe
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1914๋…„์— ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์—์„œ ์ „์Ÿ์ด ๋ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
10:35
and, with the men away fighting, many women ran their homes,
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๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ฉ€๋ฆฌ ๋–จ์–ด์ ธ ์‹ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์šด๋ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฌ์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€์ •์„ ๊พธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ,
10:38
cared for children and relatives, managed money, and often had a job as well.
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์•„์ด๋“ค๊ณผ ์นœ์ฒ™๋“ค์„ ๋Œ๋ณด๊ณ , ๋ˆ์„ ๊ด€๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ณ , ์ง์—…๋„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:42
So, when the war ended in 1918,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ 1918๋…„์— ์ „์Ÿ์ด ๋๋‚ฌ์„ ๋•Œ
10:45
women had proved how capable they were in so many ways.
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์—ฌ์„ฑ๋“ค์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ์ž์‹ ๋“ค์ด ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์œ ๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€ ์ฆ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
10:49
To deny them the right to vote now seemed ridiculous.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ถ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ œ ํ„ฐ๋ฌด๋‹ˆ์—†์–ด ๋ณด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:52
Although it took another ten years
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10:54
before all women were given the vote on equal terms to men.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋‚จ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋™๋“ฑํ•œ ์กฐ๊ฑด์œผ๋กœ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋˜๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” 10๋…„์ด ๋” ๊ฑธ๋ ธ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
But come on, Alice, it must be time to hear the answer to today's quiz question.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž, ์•จ๋ฆฌ์Šค, ์ด์ œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ๋“ค์„ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ด๊ตฐ์š”.
11:01
I asked which was the first country
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ณต๊ณต ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋””์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. a
11:04
to give all women the right to vote in public elections?
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11:07
Was it a) Finland? b) New Zealand? Or c) the United States?
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) ํ•€๋ž€๋“œ์˜€๋‚˜์š”? b) ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ๋ฏธ๊ตญ?
11:14
And I said Finland.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ํ•€๋ž€๋“œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ
11:15
Mm, well, no, sorry, Neil. It was b) New Zealand.
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, ์•„๋‡จ, ๋ฏธ์•ˆํ•ด์š”, ๋‹. b) ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:20
In 1893, New Zealand became the first country
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1893๋…„ ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ๋Š”
11:23
to give all adult women the right to vote in national elections.
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์ „๊ตญ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์„ฑ์ธ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:27
Now, shall we remind ourselves of the words we learned today?
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•ด ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”?
11:30
Yes. They were 'role models',
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์˜ˆ. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ '๋กค๋ชจ๋ธ',
11:33
'suffragettes',
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'์ฐธ์ •๊ถŒ ์šด๋™๊ฐ€',
11:34
'lobbied',
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'๋กœ๋น„ ํ™œ๋™',
11:36
'electorate', 'plight',
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'์œ ๊ถŒ์ž', '๊ณค๊ฒฝ', '์‹ ๋ขฐ๋„
11:38
'raised their profile',
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์ œ๊ณ ', '
11:40
'impromptu',
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์ฆ‰ํฅ',
11:41
'militant',
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'ํ˜ธ์ „์ ',
11:43
'direct action'.
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'์ง์ ‘ ํ–‰๋™'์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:44
That's the end of today's 6 Minute English
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์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜ 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 12์›” 9์ผ๊นŒ์ง€ ์ง„ํ–‰๋˜๋Š” 100 Women ์‹œ์ฆŒ์˜
11:46
and we would like to invite you to follow the special programmes and events
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ํŠน๋ณ„ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ๊ณผ ์ด๋ฒคํŠธ์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์ดˆ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:50
on the 100 Women season, which will be on till December the 9th.
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11:54
It's produced and created by the BBC's 29 language services.
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BBC์˜ 29๊ฐœ ์–ธ์–ด ์„œ๋น„์Šค๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ œ์ž‘ ๋ฐ ์ œ์ž‘๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:58
Check the BBC website in your language
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๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ BBC ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ™•์ธ
12:00
and you can also join the conversation on Twitter using the hashtag 100women.
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ํ•ด์‹œ ํƒœ๊ทธ 100women์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ํŠธ์œ„ํ„ฐ์—์„œ ๋Œ€ํ™”์— ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:05
Enjoy the programmes.
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ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ์ฆ๊ฒจ๋ณด์„ธ์š”.
12:06
โ€” Goodbye! โ€” Bye!
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- ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”! - ์•ˆ๋…•!
12:08
6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
12:13
Hello and welcome to 6 Minute English. I'm Rob.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, 6 Minute English์— ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ด์—์š”.
12:16
And I'm Neil, hello.
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์ €๋Š” ๋‹์ด์—์š”, ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
12:17
Hello, Neil! Today, we're talking about voting.
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์•ˆ๋…•, ๋‹! ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ํˆฌํ‘œ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:20
Now, I'm sure it's something you've done, Neil?
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์ž, ๋‚œ ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•œ ์ผ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ด์š”, ๋‹?
12:22
Of course and earlier this year we had a general election in the UK where I voted
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๋ฌผ๋ก  ์˜ฌํ•ด ์ดˆ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ ์ด์„ ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋Š”๋ฐ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•œ ๊ณณ์ธ๋ฐ ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„
12:29
and I'd feel guilty if I didn't exercise my right to vote.
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ํ–‰์‚ฌํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์ฃ„์ฑ…๊ฐ์„ ๋Š๊ผˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
12:34
Now a 'right' in this case means somebody's 'legal claim' to vote.
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์ด์ œ ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ '๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ'๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€์˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ '๋ฒ•์  ์ฃผ์žฅ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:40
In a 'general election', we 'vote for a government that runs the whole country',
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'์ด์„ '์—์„œ๋Š” ' ๋‚˜๋ผ ์ „์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ†ต์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ์ •๋ถ€์— ํˆฌํ‘œ'
12:43
but we also have local and European elections too sometimes.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ง€๋ฐฉ์„ ๊ฑฐ์™€ ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋„ ์น˜๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:47
Yes, but voting in the UK is 'optional', so you 'don't have to do it',
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์˜ˆ, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์˜๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ฐ€ '์„ ํƒ'์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ 'ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค'.
12:53
whereas in some countries voting is compulsory โ€”
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๋ฐ˜๋ฉด ์ผ๋ถ€ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์—์„œ๋Š” ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฌด์ ์ด๋ฉฐ
12:56
and 'compulsory' means something that you 'have to do'.
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'์˜๋ฌด'๋Š” 'ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
So, if you were in Australia,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
13:01
where the government passed a law that made voting compulsory,
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์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฌดํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฒ•์•ˆ์„ ํ†ต๊ณผ์‹œํ‚จ ํ˜ธ์ฃผ์— ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด
13:05
you would have had to pay a fine of $20 for not voting.
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ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๋Œ€๊ฐ€๋กœ 20๋‹ฌ๋Ÿฌ์˜ ๋ฒŒ๊ธˆ์„ ๋‚ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
13:08
And that's because the Australian government
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ํ˜ธ์ฃผ ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€
13:11
believes that voting is a duty and not just a right.
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ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์ˆœํ•œ ๊ถŒ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์˜๋ฌด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:15
A 'duty' means 'something you have a responsibility to do'.
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'์˜๋ฌด'๋ž€ ' ์ฑ…์ž„์„ ์ง€๊ณ  ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:18
And it's your duty, Rob, to ask me today's quiz question!
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ Rob, ๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ์˜๋ฌด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
13:22
Yes, sir! OK, so can you tell me what is a constituency?
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์•Œ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค! ์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”?
13:27
Is it a) the people who live in and vote in a particular area?
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a) ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:32
b) the politicians who make and change the laws of a country?
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b) ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฒ•์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ?
13:36
Or c) a town or district that has its own government?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์ž์ฒด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋‚˜ ์ง€์—ญ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
13:39
Well, I'm no expert on politics, but I'm going to go for c),
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ €๋Š” ์ •์น˜ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์•„๋‹ˆ์ง€๋งŒ c)
13:44
that's a town or district that has its own government.
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์ž์ฒด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋‚˜ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:47
OK. Well, we'll find out later on in the show whether you're right or wrong.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ๊ธ€์Ž„, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ณ์€์ง€ ๊ทธ๋ฅธ์ง€ ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์‡ผ์—์„œ ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:52
Now it's time to hear what a truly young person has to say about compulsory voting.
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์ด์ œ ์˜๋ฌดํˆฌํ‘œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ง„์ •ํ•œ ์ Š์€์ด์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ ์ฐจ๋ก€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:56
โ€” Oh, right, unlike me you mean? โ€” Mm-hm.
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โ€” ์•„, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , ๋‚˜์™€๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? โ€” ์Œ-ํ .
13:59
Well, here's Michael Yip, who is a student at Warwick University
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์›Œ๋ฆญ ๋Œ€ํ•™๊ต ํ•™์ƒ์ธ ๋งˆ์ดํด ์ž…(Michael Yip)์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:04
and therefore much younger than me.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋ณด๋‹ค ํ›จ์”ฌ ์–ด๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
14:08
A lot of the people that I speak to just say "I don't care"
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๋‚˜์™€ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ "์ƒ๊ด€ ์—†์–ด"
14:11
or "I don't really know what's going on" and in this way...
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๋˜๋Š” "๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ๋‹ค"๊ณ ๋งŒ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:15
Another reason why I'm quite cautious about this is because it could sort of
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งค์šฐ ์กฐ์‹ฌ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ด‰์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ง•์ง‘๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋ณด์ด๋Š” ์ •์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด
14:18
engender this sort of slapdash attitude towards politics
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ข…๋ฅ˜์˜ ๊ฒฝ์†”ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ ๋‚ณ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:21
where, you know, it's sort of seen as, you know,
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14:24
being conscripted for national service.
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.
14:26
You just want to get it over and done with.
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋๋‚ด๊ณ  ๋๋‚ด๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:30
So, Michael says he is cautious about the idea of introducing compulsory voting.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋งˆ์ดํด์€ ์˜๋ฌด ํˆฌํ‘œ ๋„์ž…์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:35
So, why is that, Neil?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ์™œ ๊ทธ๋ž˜, ๋‹?
14:36
He thinks forcing young people to vote will 'engender' โ€” or 'give rise to' โ€”
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์š”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฒฝ์†”ํ•œ ํƒœ๋„๋ฅผ '์ƒ์„ฑ'์‹œํ‚ค๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ '๋ฐœ์ƒ'์‹œํ‚ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:41
a slapdash attitude.
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.
14:44
Now, what does 'slapdash' mean, Rob?
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์ž, 'slapdash'๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ด์—์š”, Rob?
14:45
Mm, it's a good word, isn't it? It means 'doing something quickly and carelessly'.
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์Œ, ์ข‹์€ ๋ง์ด์ง€, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€? '์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ์„ฑ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๋ถ€์ฃผ์˜ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
14:50
Oh, you'd never do that, would you, Rob?
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์˜ค, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ , Rob?
14:52
Now, Michael compares compulsory voting to national service.
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์ด์ œ Michael์€ ์˜๋ฌด ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ด‰์‚ฌ์— ๋น„์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:57
'National service' is 'compulsory government service'
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'๊ตญ์—ญ'์€
15:00
that usually means military service and is also known as 'conscription'.
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์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ตฐ ๋ณต๋ฌด๋ฅผ ๋œปํ•˜๋Š” '๊ณต๋ฌด์›์˜๋ฌด'๋กœ, '์ง•์ง‘'์ด๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:05
So when it's something you haven't chosen to do,
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
15:08
or which you actively don't want to do โ€”
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์ ๊ทน์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ผ์„
15:10
it's a case of getting it 'over and done with'.
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'๋๋‚ด๊ณ  ๋๋‚ด๋Š”' ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:13
And that means
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
15:14
'finishing something difficult or unpleasant as quickly as possible'.
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'์–ด๋ ต ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ์พŒํ•œ ์ผ์„ ์ตœ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:18
Mm, young people might just 'pick a political party out of a hat' โ€”
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์Œ, ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์€ ์ •๋ณด์— ์ž…๊ฐํ•œ ์„ ํƒ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ' ๋ชจ์ž์—์„œ ์ •๋‹น์„ ๊ณ ๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ',
15:22
which means to 'choose randomly' โ€” rather than making an informed choice.
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์ฆ‰ '๋ฌด์ž‘์œ„๋กœ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ'์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
15:27
So, some people think that politicians need to improve political education.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์ด ์ •์น˜๊ต์œก์„ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:33
Now, let's listen to broadcaster and writer Rick Edwards talking about this.
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์ด์ œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋ฐฉ์†ก์ธ์ด์ž ์ž‘๊ฐ€์ธ Rick Edwards์˜ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:38
If you said to politicians,
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์ •์น˜์ธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
15:40
"Right, 3.3 million first-time voters are definitely going to vote",
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"๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 330๋งŒ๋ช…์˜ ์ดˆ๋ณด ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์€ ๋ฐ˜๋“œ์‹œ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด
15:43
then they will have to speak to them
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ง์„ ๊ฑธ์–ด์•ผ
15:45
and they will have to make an effort to go to where they are
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ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ณณ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ 
15:48
and I think that's the change that it would create.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ณ€ํ™”๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฐฝ์ถœํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
So, compulsory voting would mean a responsibility for the politicians too.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์˜๋ฌดํˆฌํ‘œ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ์—๊ฒŒ๋„ ์ฑ…์ž„์ด ๋”ฐ๋ฅธ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค.
15:56
That's right. They need to engage and educate young people.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์„ ์ฐธ์—ฌ์‹œํ‚ค๊ณ  ๊ต์œก์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:00
Otherwise, reluctant voters may deliberately 'spoil',
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด, ๊บผ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ณ ์˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ '๋ง์น ',
16:03
or 'waste', their votes.
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์ฆ‰ '๋‚ญ๋น„'ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:05
The government could also include a 'none of the above' option on the ballot paper.
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์ •๋ถ€๋Š” ํˆฌํ‘œ์šฉ์ง€์— 'ํ•ด๋‹น ์‚ฌํ•ญ ์—†์Œ' ์˜ต์…˜์„ ํฌํ•จํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:10
Can you explain a bit more about that, Rob?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ข€ ๋” ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ด ์ฃผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”, Rob?
16:12
Well, it means you 'tick this option if you don't want to vote
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, '
16:16
'for any of the listed political parties'.
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๋‚˜์—ด๋œ ์ •๋‹น ์ค‘ ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์—๋„' ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋ฉด '์ด ์˜ต์…˜์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜์„ธ์š”'๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:18
An interesting idea.
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ํฅ๋ฏธ๋กœ์šด ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:20
Well, my option for now is to get the answer to the quiz question.
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๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‚ด ์„ ํƒ์€ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์–ป๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:24
OK, well, I asked what is a constituency?
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์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:28
Is it a) the people who live in and vote in a particular area?
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a) ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
16:32
b) the politicians who make and change the laws of a country?
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b) ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์˜ ๋ฒ•์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ?
16:35
Or c) a town or district that has its own government?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ์ž์ฒด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋‚˜ ์ง€์—ญ์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
16:39
And I said c) a town or district that has its own government.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” c) ์ž์ฒด ์ •๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋„์‹œ๋‚˜ ์ง€์—ญ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
16:43
Ah, well, you ticked the wrong box, Neil.
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์•„, ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ƒ์ž๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ชป ์„ ํƒํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”, Neil.
16:46
The answer is a) the people who live in and vote in a particular area.
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๋Œ€๋‹ต์€ a) ํŠน์ • ์ง€์—ญ์— ๊ฑฐ์ฃผํ•˜๊ณ  ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
Now, did you know the UK is currently divided into 650 areas,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์˜๊ตญ์ด ์˜ํšŒ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 650๊ฐœ ์ง€์—ญ์œผ๋กœ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„์–ด์ ธ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
16:56
called Parliamentary constituencies,
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,
16:58
each of which is represented by one MP in the House of Commons?
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๊ฐ ์ง€์—ญ์€ ํ•˜์›์—์„œ ํ•œ ๋ช…์˜ ์˜์›์ด ๋Œ€ํ‘œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๊ณ„์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
17:03
And each constituency can have a different area.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ฐ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ๋งˆ๋‹ค ์ง€์—ญ์ด ๋‹ค๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:07
The largest is Ross, Skye and Lochaber in Scotland
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๊ฐ€์žฅ ํฐ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์Šค์ฝ”ํ‹€๋žœ๋“œ์˜ Ross, Skye ๋ฐ Lochaber๋กœ
17:10
measuring approximately 12,000 square kilometres.
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์•ฝ 12,000 ํ‰๋ฐฉ ํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ์— ๋‹ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์žฅ
17:14
The smallest constituency is Islington North in London,
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์ž‘์€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ตฌ๋Š” ๋Ÿฐ๋˜์˜ ์ด์Šฌ๋งํ„ด ๋…ธ์Šค(Islington North)๋กœ
17:17
measuring a little over seven square kilometres.
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๋ฉด์ ์ด 7์ œ๊ณฑํ‚ฌ๋กœ๋ฏธํ„ฐ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋„˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
17:22
Now, can we hear today's words again please, Neil?
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ๋ง์”€์„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณผ๊นŒ์š” , Neil?
17:24
OK. We heard 'right',
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” '์˜ณ๋‹ค',
17:29
'general election',
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'์ด์„ ๊ฑฐ',
17:33
'compulsory',
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'์˜๋ฌด',
17:35
'duty',
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'์˜๋ฌด', '
17:38
'engender',
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์ƒ์„ฑํ•˜๋‹ค',
17:41
'slapdash',
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'์Šฌ๋žฉ๋Œ€์‹œ',
17:44
'national service',
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'๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ๋ด‰์‚ฌ',
17:47
'conscription',
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'์ง•๋ณ‘',
17:49
'over and done with',
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'๋๋‚ฌ์–ด',
17:52
'pick a political party out of a hat',
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'์ •๋‹น์„ ์„ ํƒํ•˜๋ผ'๋Š” ๋ง์„ ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์ž',
17:57
'spoil'.
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'๋ถ€ํŒจ'.
18:00
Splendid! Well, that's the end of today's 6 Minute English.
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ํ™”๋ คํ•œ! ์ด์ƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ 6๋ถ„์˜์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:04
I hope it got your vote!
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์˜ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
18:05
You can hear more programmes at BBC Learning English.com.
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BBC Learning English.com์—์„œ ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์„ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:09
Please join us again soon.
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๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ฐธ์—ฌํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”.
18:10
โ€” Bye-bye. โ€” Goodbye.
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- ์•ˆ๋…•. - ์•ˆ๋…•ํžˆ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”.
18:12
6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
18:17
Hello. This is 6 Minute English, I'm Sam.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:20
And I'm Georgina.
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์ €๋Š” ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜์˜ˆ์š”. ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜,
18:21
How do you do feel about politics, Georgina?
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์ •์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š” ?
18:24
Well, there's a lot around at the moment!
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ํ˜„์žฌ ์ฃผ๋ณ€์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
18:26
Yes, indeed!
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๋„ค ํ™•์‹คํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
18:28
One thing I would like to see in politics, particularly British politics,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ •์น˜, ํŠนํžˆ ์˜๊ตญ ์ •์น˜์—์„œ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
18:31
is more women in Parliament.
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์˜ํšŒ์— ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ๋” ๋งŽ์•„์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:33
About 34% of our MPs are women,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์› ์ค‘ ์•ฝ 34%๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ธ๋ฐ,
18:36
which is the highest it's ever been, but it's still not close to 50%.
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์ด๋Š” ์—ญ๋Œ€ ์ตœ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ค€์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ 50%์— ๊ฐ€๊น์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:42
In order to be elected though, you first have to stand, don't you?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๋‹น์„ ๋˜๋ ค๋ฉด ๋จผ์ € ์ผ์–ด์„œ์•ผ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”?
18:46
Yes, we use the verb 'stand' when you are 'a candidate someone can vote for'.
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๋„ค, '๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ›„๋ณด'์ผ ๋•Œ 'stand'๋ผ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
18:51
Women in politics is our topic today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ฃผ์ œ๋Š” ์ •์น˜๊ณ„์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:54
Before we get into it, today's question.
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๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ€๊ธฐ์— ์•ž์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์› ์ค‘ ์—ฌ์„ฑ
18:57
Which country has the highest percentage of women in its parliament?
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๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์ผ๊นŒ์š” ?
19:01
Is it a) Rwanda? b) Sweden? Or c) New Zealand?
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a) ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? b) ์Šค์›จ๋ด? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ?
19:08
What do you think, Georgina?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜?
19:10
Hmm, I'm not sure.
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ํ , ์ž˜ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:12
I know New Zealand was one of the first countries to allow women to vote
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๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ํˆฌํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ—ˆ์šฉํ•œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ด๊ณ 
19:16
and they currently have a female prime minister,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์ด๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
19:19
but I think it's actually an African country, so I'm going to say Rwanda.
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์„œ ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:24
OK. We'll see if you're correct at the end of the programme.
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์ข‹์•„์š”. ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ๋ง์ด ๋งž๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ˜„์žฌ
19:28
There are a number of projects in the UK at the moment,
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์˜๊ตญ์—๋Š”
19:31
trying to get more women interested in standing for Parliament.
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ์˜ํšŒ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ–๋„๋ก ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:35
One of these is the campaign Sign Up To Stand,
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๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” 50:50 Parliament๋ผ๋Š” ์กฐ์ง์˜ Sign Up To Stand ์บ ํŽ˜์ธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
19:38
from an organisation called 50:50 Parliament.
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.
19:43
Lucrece Grehoua is someone who has taken up that challenge
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Lucrece Grehoua๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋„์ „์„ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์˜€์œผ๋ฉฐ
19:46
and is hoping to stand in upcoming elections.
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๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ํฌ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:49
She was a guest on the BBC radio programme, Woman's Hour.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” BBC ๋ผ๋””์˜ค ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ Woman's Hour์— ๊ฒŒ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœ ์ถœ์—ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ
19:53
She wasn't always interested in politics, though. How does she describe it?
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ •์น˜์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋˜ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
19:59
I didn't really see myself in the Houses of Parliament.
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์ €๋Š” ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์‚ฌ๋‹น์— ์žˆ๋Š” ์ œ ๋ชจ์Šต์„ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
20:02
When we see it on TV, it looks extremely boring, politics looks boring,
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TV์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๊ต‰์žฅํžˆ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๊ณ , ์ •์น˜๋Š”
20:06
especially as a young person,
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ํŠนํžˆ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ์ž…์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ง€๋ฃจํ•ด ๋ณด์ด๋Š”๋ฐ,
20:08
and so when I saw that 50:50 Parliament were including women
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ 50:50 ๊ตญํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ ,
20:11
and including young women and including a diverse range of young women,
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์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ๋„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜๊ณ , ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฒ”์œ„์˜ ์ Š์€ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ด ํฌํ•จ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๋ณด๊ณ 
20:14
I thought, "Wow, this is really for me and it can be for me".
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์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. , "์™€, ์ด๊ฑด ์ •๋ง ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ  , ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
20:18
So, I decided to sign up to stand and, ever since I've just been excited
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ถœ๋งˆํ•˜๊ธฐ๋กœ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ–ˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ
20:22
at the prospect of me standing for Parliament.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์›์— ์ถœ๋งˆํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€์— ๋“ค๋–  ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:26
So, what was her original feeling about politics?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๋ณธ๋ž˜ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์–ด๋– ํ–ˆ๋Š”๊ฐ€ ?
20:29
Boring! She thought it was boring, particularly as a young person.
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์ง€๋ฃจํ•œ! ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ํŠนํžˆ ์ Š์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์œผ๋กœ์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:34
In fact, she couldn't 'see herself' as a politician.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ •์น˜์ธ์œผ๋กœ์„œ '์ž์‹ '์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ๋‹ค .
20:37
She couldn't 'imagine herself' doing it.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์„ '์ƒ์ƒ'ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:39
She says that she's now excited at the prospect of standing.
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ด์ œ ์„ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ƒ๊ฐ์— ํฅ๋ถ„๋œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋ง์€
20:43
What does she mean by that?
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๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
20:45
The 'prospect of' something is the 'possibility of' something.
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์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ '์ „๋ง'์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ '๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:49
So, before, she thought it was boring,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด์ „์—๋Š” ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
20:52
now she's excited at the possibility that she could be a Member of Parliament.
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์ด์ œ๋Š” ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์›์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ์— ๋“ค๋–  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:57
So, what was it that made her change her mind
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์Œ์„ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๊ณ  ๊ฒฐ๊ตญ
21:00
and think that politics wasn't so boring after all?
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์ •์น˜๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋‹ค์ง€ ์ง€๋ฃจํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
21:03
Here's Lucrece Grehoua again.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ๋˜ Lucrece Grehoua๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:07
I think everybody has a politician within them,
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์—๊ฒŒ๋‚˜ ์ •์น˜์ธ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์•„์š”.
21:09
because we all get angry about something,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์— ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ด์ฃ .
21:12
but unfortunately when we see it, it's all jargon, um, it's not very
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ์•ˆํƒ€๊น๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋ง‰์ƒ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋‹ค ์ „๋ฌธ ์šฉ์–ด์ธ๋ฐ, ์Œ, ๋ณ„๋กœ๋Š” ์•„๋‹Œ๋ฐ, ์Œ, ์„œ๋ฏผ์œผ๋กœ์„œ๋„
21:17
It's not words that we can understand as, um
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์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ง์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋„ค์š”.
21:20
Even just as a working-class person who hasn't, you know, been to a private school
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์‚ฌ๋ฆฝํ•™๊ต๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋‹Œ ์ ๋„ ์—†๊ณ  ๋ถˆ์šฐํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ
21:24
and who's come from a disadvantaged background
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์—์„œ ์ž๋ž€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด
21:27
and so I've realised, you know, politics is for absolutely everybody,
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์ •์น˜๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ๊นจ๋‹ฌ์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:30
it's just the way that you speak about it that has to be tailored to everyone.
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งž์ถคํ™”๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:35
One of the things she didn't like about politics was the jargon.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ •์น˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์ „๋ฌธ ์šฉ์–ด์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:39
Well, no-one likes jargon, do they?
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๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ „๋ฌธ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์€ ์•„๋ฌด๋„ ์—†๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
21:41
'Jargon' is 'the very specific language and vocabulary
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'์ „๋ฌธ ์šฉ์–ด'๋Š” 'ํŠน์ • ์ง์—…๊ณผ ๊ด€๋ จ๋œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์ธ ์–ธ์–ด ๋ฐ ์–ดํœ˜
21:44
'relating to a particular profession'.
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'์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:47
Inside the profession, people know what it means,
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์ง์—… ๋‚ด๋ถ€์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์ง€๋งŒ
21:50
but from outside it can seem very complicated and confusing.
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์™ธ๋ถ€์—์„œ ๋ณด๋ฉด ๋งค์šฐ ๋ณต์žกํ•˜๊ณ  ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ ๋ณด์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:55
Lucrece said she came from a 'disadvantaged background'.
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Lucrece๋Š” ์ž์‹ ์ด '๋ถˆ์šฐํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ'์—์„œ ์™”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:58
This means that when she was growing up,
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์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์ž๋ž„ ๋•Œ
22:00
her family 'didn't have very much money'
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ๊ฐ€์กฑ์ด '๋ˆ์ด ๋ณ„๋กœ ์—†์—ˆ'๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
22:02
and 'that made life and study very difficult'.
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์ƒํ™œ๊ณผ ๊ณต๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์–ด๋ ค์› ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:05
But even though, or maybe because, she came from a disadvantaged background
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ์—์„œ ์™”๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
22:10
she has become interested in politics
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์ •์น˜์— ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ณ 
22:12
and thinks that it can be something for everyone,
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
22:14
but rather than use jargon you have to tailor the way you speak for everyone.
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์ „๋ฌธ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์„ ๋งž์ถคํ™”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:20
To 'tailor' something is to 'make it fit',
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ '๋งž์ถค'ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ '๋งž์ถค'ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:22
in the same way that a tailor makes clothes fit,
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์žฌ๋‹จ์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜ท์„ ๋งž์ถค์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ
22:25
you can tailor your language to make it easy for everyone to understand
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๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งž์ถคํ™”ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ
22:29
and one way to do that is to cut out the jargon!
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์ „๋ฌธ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ผ๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค!
22:33
That's just about all we have time for today,
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์˜ค๋Š˜ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:35
but before we review the vocabulary,
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์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๋ณต์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
22:38
it's time to get the answer to today's quiz question.
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์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋‹ต์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ณผ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์› ์ค‘ ์—ฌ์„ฑ
22:41
Which country has the highest percentage of women in its parliament?
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๋น„์œจ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๋†’์€ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋Š” ์–ด๋””์ผ๊นŒ์š” ?
22:45
Is it a) Rwanda? b) Sweden? Or c) New Zealand?
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a) ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? b) ์Šค์›จ๋ด? ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) ๋‰ด์งˆ๋žœ๋“œ?
22:50
Georgina, what did you say?
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์กฐ์ง€๋‚˜, ๋ญ๋ผ๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด?
22:51
I made an educated guess of Rwanda.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ง€์‹์„ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ์ถ”์ธกํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
22:55
An educated guess and a correct guess. Well done.
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๊ต์œก๋ฐ›์€ ์ถ”์ธก๊ณผ ์ •ํ™•ํ•œ ์ถ”์ธก. ์ž˜ํ•˜์…จ์–ด์š”.
22:58
And well done to everyone else who got that right too!
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ •๋‹ต์„ ๋งž์ถ”์‹  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ„๋“ค๋„ ์ˆ˜๊ณ ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค !
23:01
According to 2019 figures, Rwanda's parliament has over 60% women MPs.
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2019๋…„ ํ†ต๊ณ„์— ๋”ฐ๋ฅด๋ฉด ๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค ์˜ํšŒ์˜ ์—ฌ์„ฑ ์˜์› ๋น„์œจ์€ 60%๊ฐ€ ๋„˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:07
Go Rwanda!
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๋ฅด์™„๋‹ค๋กœ ๊ฐ€์„ธ์š”!
23:09
OK, let's remind ourselves of today's vocabulary.
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์ž, ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์–ดํœ˜๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
23:12
Of course.
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๋ฌผ๋ก .
23:13
To 'stand' is the verb we use when someone is 'a candidate in an election' โ€”
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To 'stand'๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ '์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ํ›„๋ณด'์ผ ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:17
when someone 'stands' for election, you can vote for them.
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— '๊ธฐ๋ฆฝ'ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์—๊ฒŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:20
If you can 'see yourself' as something,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด '์ž์‹ ์„ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค'๋Š”
23:22
it means that you can 'imagine yourself' doing that thing.
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๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” '์ž์‹ ์„ ์ƒ์ƒ'ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:26
The 'prospect of' something is the 'possibility of' something,
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ '์ „๋ง'์€ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ '๊ฐ€๋Šฅ์„ฑ'
23:29
so, for example, the prospect of becoming an MP is something that excites Lucrece.
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์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ตญํšŒ์˜์›์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์ „๋ง์€ Lucrece๋ฅผ ํฅ๋ถ„์‹œํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง์ ‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋ฅผ
23:35
Something that we all hate, except when we use it ourselves, is 'jargon' โ€”
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์ œ์™ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์‹ซ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ '์ „๋ฌธ ์šฉ์–ด', ์ฆ‰ 'ํŠน์ • ์ง์—…์—
23:40
'words and language that are very specific to a particular job'
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๋งค์šฐ ํŠน์ •ํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด์™€ ์–ธ์–ด '
23:43
and which are difficult for people outside that profession to understand.
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์ด๋ฉฐ ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง์—… ์™ธ๋ถ€์˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์–ด๋ ค์šด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '
23:48
People who 'grow up without enough money and without access to education'
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๋ˆ๋„ ์—†๊ณ  , ๊ต์œก๋„ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•œ ์ฑ„ ์ž๋ผ๋Š”' ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
23:53
can be said to come from a 'disadvantaged background'.
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'์ทจ์•ฝํ•œ ํ™˜๊ฒฝ' ์ถœ์‹ ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
23:56
And finally, to 'tailor' something
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ, ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ '๋งž์ถคํ™”'ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ 'ํŠน์ • ๋ชฉ์ ์—
23:58
is to 'change it to make it suitable for a particular purpose'.
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์ ํ•ฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ '์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:02
So, for example, if you want to make politics accessible for more people,
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ์ •์น˜์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
24:07
you have to tailor your language and cut out the jargon.
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์–ธ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋งž์ถคํ™” ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ „๋ฌธ ์šฉ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ผ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:09
Indeed.
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๋ฌผ๋ก .
24:11
Well, it's time for us to go now, but do join us again soon. Bye for now.
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐˆ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ํ•ฉ๋ฅ˜ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
24:15
Bye.
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์•ˆ๋…•.
24:16
6 Minute English from BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
24:21
Hello. This is 6 Minute English from BBC Learning English. I'm Rob.
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. BBC Learning English์˜ 6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €๋Š” ๋กญ์ด์—์š”.
24:26
And I'm Sam.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ €๋Š” ์ƒ˜์ด์—์š”.
24:27
When it comes to US presidential elections,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
24:30
some are more dramatic than others.
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๊ทน์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
24:33
But few elections have been as controversial as this November's contest
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜
24:37
between current President Trump and his Democratic rival, Joe Biden.
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ํ˜„ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ๊ณผ ๊ทธ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๋‹น ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์ž์ธ ์กฐ ๋ฐ”์ด๋“  ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ด๋ฒˆ 11์›” ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋งŒํผ ๋…ผ๋ž€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๋˜ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋””์ง€ํ„ธ
24:42
In America, where many votes are cast digitally,
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ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š”
24:44
there is a risk of cyber-attacks on election day
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์„ ๊ฑฐ ๋‹น์ผ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•  ์œ„ํ—˜์ด ์žˆ์–ด
24:47
and with so much depending on the result, US election officials are worried.
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๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ด€๊ณ„์ž๋“ค์ด ์šฐ๋ คํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค.
24:52
In this programme, we'll be hearing about plans to prevent election cyber-attacks
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
24:56
which involve election officials working with a very unusual group of people โ€”
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์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์ด ๋งค์šฐ ํŠน์ดํ•œ ๊ทธ๋ฃน, ์ฆ‰
25:02
volunteer hackers.
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์ž์› ๋ด‰์‚ฌ ํ•ด์ปค์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๊ณ„ํš์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:04
'Volunteers' are 'people who work willingly, without being paid'.
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'์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž'๋Š” ' ๊ธ‰์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค'์ด๋‹ค.
25:08
And 'hackers' are 'people who break into computer systems without permission
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  'ํ•ด์ปค'๋Š” '
25:13
in order to find information or do something illegal'.
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์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฐพ ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถˆ๋ฒ•์ ์ธ ํ–‰์œ„๋ฅผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์นจ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์„ ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:16
But cyber-attacks from hackers
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ํ•ด์ปค์˜ ์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ๋งŒ์ด
25:18
are not the only threat to fair and democratic elections.
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๊ณต์ •ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ ์ธ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ˜‘ํ•˜๋Š” ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:22
In 2000, the presidential race between Al Gore and George W Bush
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2000๋…„ ์•จ ๊ณ ์–ด( Al Gore)์™€ ์กฐ์ง€ ๋ถ€์‹œ(George W. Bush)์˜ ๋Œ€์„  ๊ฒฝ์Ÿ์€
25:27
ended in recounts and disputes over missing votes.
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์žฌ๊ฒ€ํ‘œ ์™€ ๋ˆ„๋ฝํ‘œ ๋…ผ์Ÿ์œผ๋กœ ๋๋‚ฌ๋‹ค.
25:31
George Bush became the first modern president to win the election,
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์กฐ์ง€ ๋ถ€์‹œ๋Š” ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ณด๋‹ค
25:35
despite gaining fewer popular votes than his opponent โ€” but how many fewer?
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์ ์€ ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•œ ์ตœ์ดˆ์˜ ํ˜„๋Œ€ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
25:40
That's our quiz question โ€”
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. 2000๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ์—์„œ
25:42
how many fewer votes did Bush win than Gore
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๋ถ€์‹œ๋Š” ๊ณ ์–ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ช‡ ํ‘œ๋‚˜ ๋” ์ ๊ฒŒ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ
25:45
in the 2000 American presidential election?
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?
25:48
Was it a) half a million votes? b) a million votes?
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a) 50๋งŒ ํ‘œ์˜€๋‚˜์š”? b) ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ํ‘œ?
25:52
Or c) two million votes?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด c) 200๋งŒ ํ‘œ?
25:55
I'll say b) a million votes.
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๋‚˜๋Š” b) ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ํ‘œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
25:57
OK, we'll find out later.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๋‚˜์ค‘์— ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:00
Now, the project Sam mentioned, where official administrators
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์ด์ œ Sam์ด ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•œ ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ๊ณต์‹ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๊ฐ€
26:03
team up with expert volunteers to keep the election secure,
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์ „๋ฌธ ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž์™€ ํ˜‘๋ ฅํ•˜์—ฌ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋ฅผ
26:07
is called The Election Cyber Surge.
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The Election Cyber โ€‹โ€‹Surge๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:10
The BBC World Service programme, Digital Planet,
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ Digital Planet์€
26:13
met up with project organiser Maya Worman
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ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ ์ฃผ์ตœ์ž์ธ Maya Worman์„ ๋งŒ๋‚˜ ๊ฐ„์„ญ ์—†๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ
26:16
to discuss the importance of keeping the election free from interference.
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์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋…ผ์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
26:22
Any attempt to manipulate or interfere with election infrastructures โ€”
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์„ ๊ฑฐ ์ธํ”„๋ผ(
26:26
the machines or the information sets
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26:28
that determine who is eligible to vote and where โ€” undermines the right to vote.
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ํˆฌํ‘œ ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ ๊ณผ ์žฅ์†Œ๋ฅผ ๊ฒฐ์ •ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋˜๋Š” ์ •๋ณด ์„ธํŠธ)๋ฅผ ์กฐ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐฉํ•ดํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์‹œ๋„๋Š” ํˆฌํ‘œ๊ถŒ์„ ์นจํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:32
And it puts burdens on voters and it impacts public confidence
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๋ถ€๋‹ด์„ ์ฃผ๋ฉฐ ๋Œ€์ค‘์˜ ์‹ ๋ขฐ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
26:36
and, you know, high-profile elections, especially like the one coming up,
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์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ํŠนํžˆ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์ฃผ๋ชฉ๋ฐ›๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š”
26:39
heighten the types of risks that we're talking about.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ์œ„ํ—˜์˜ ์œ ํ˜•์„ ๋†’์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:43
You can only vote in an election if you are 'eligible' โ€”
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๊ท€ํ•˜๋Š” '์ ๊ฒฉ'(
26:46
'qualified by having the necessary requirements' โ€”
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'ํ•„์ˆ˜ ์š”๊ตฌ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜์—ฌ ์ž๊ฒฉ์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜') ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ํˆฌํ‘œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:49
for example being a US citizen who's aged 18 or over.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด 18์„ธ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์‹œ๋ฏผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
26:53
It's up to each of the 8,000 local jurisdictions around the United States
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26:58
to keep their area free from cyber-attacks and misinformation,
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์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ๊ณผ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ์ •๋ณด๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ž์‹ ์˜ ์ง€์—ญ์„ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ „์—ญ์˜ 8,000๊ฐœ ์ง€๋ฐฉ ๊ด€ํ•  ๊ตฌ์—ญ ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๋ชซ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
27:03
risks which have increased because the coming election is so 'high-profile' โ€”
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๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋Š” '์„ธ๋ชฉ์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋†’์œผ๋ฉฐ' '๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์˜
27:08
'attracting a lot of attention and interest from newspapers and the public'.
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๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์€ ์ฆ๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ๋Œ€์ค‘'์ด๋‹ค.
27:12
The Cyber Surge project to put expert volunteers
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์ „๋ฌธ ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋ฅผ
27:16
in touch with local officials aims to prevent these risks.
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ํ˜„์ง€ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๊ณผ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” Cyber โ€‹โ€‹Surge ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ„ํ—˜์„ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š”
27:20
It covers everything from making sure administrators
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๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž๊ฐ€
27:23
are using the latest anti-virus software
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์ตœ์‹  ๋ฐ”์ด๋Ÿฌ์Šค ๋ฐฑ์‹  ์†Œํ”„ํŠธ์›จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ผ์œผํ‚ค๋Š”
27:26
to more serious threats from troublemakers.
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๋” ์‹ฌ๊ฐํ•œ ์œ„ํ˜‘์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
27:29
Now, that's got me thinking actually, Rob.
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์ด์ œ ์ƒ๊ฐ์ด ๋‚˜๋„ค์š”, Rob.
27:32
Suppose I'm a troublemaker who wants to influence the election result,
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ง์ฝ๊พธ๋Ÿฌ๊ธฐ์ด๊ธฐ
27:36
so I sign up as a volunteer and gain access to all kinds of information.
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋กœ ๋“ฑ๋กํ•˜์—ฌ ์˜จ๊ฐ– ์ •๋ณด์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋“ฑ๋กํ•˜๋Š”
27:41
How do we know that the volunteers who sign up are trustworthy?
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์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์‹ ๋ขฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ?
27:45
That's a good question, Sam,
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์ข‹์€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด๊ตฐ์š”, Sam.
27:46
and one that BBC World Service programme Digital Planet put to Maya Worman.
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BBC World Service ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ธ Digital Planet์ด Maya Worman์—๊ฒŒ ๋˜์ง„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์›
27:53
The expectation is not that the volunteer
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๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค ์ˆ˜๋‹จ์œผ๋กœ๋“ 
27:55
will have the keys to the castle, by any means,
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์„ฑ์˜ ์—ด์‡ ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋Œ€๋Š” ์—†์œผ๋ฉฐ, ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ
27:57
more that they will have an open dialogue with an election administrator
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28:01
who wants to know more,
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28:02
to explore cybersecurity enhancements in general or specifically.
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์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ณด์•ˆ ๊ฐœ์„  ์‚ฌํ•ญ์„ ํƒ์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•˜๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ด€๋ฆฌ์ž์™€ ๊ณต๊ฐœ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ๋‚˜๋ˆ„๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ธฐ๋Œ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
28:07
Volunteers are carefully selected
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์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋Š”
28:09
according to their experience and skills in 'cybersecurity' โ€”
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'์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ณด์•ˆ', ์ฆ‰ '
28:13
'measures that help organisations and countries
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์กฐ์ง๊ณผ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€
28:16
keep their computer information safe
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28:18
against crimes and attacks carried out through the internet'.
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์ธํ„ฐ๋„ท์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ์žํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๋ฒ”์ฃ„์™€ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์•ˆ์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ์กฐ์น˜'์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ฒฝํ—˜๊ณผ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์— ๋”ฐ๋ผ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ ํƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:22
Volunteers share their expert advice by talking with election officials.
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์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค์€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›๊ณผ์˜ ๋Œ€ํ™”๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ด ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ๊ณต์œ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:27
They won't be given access to sensitive information,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋ฏผ๊ฐํ•œ ์ •๋ณด์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๊ธฐ
28:30
so they won't have 'the keys to the castle' โ€”
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ' ์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋Š” ์—ด์‡ '(์†Œ์œ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š”
28:33
an idiom meaning 'to possess information or knowledge
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์ •๋ณด๋‚˜ ์ง€์‹์„ ์†Œ์œ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์˜ ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด)๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
28:36
which gives the possessor access to power'.
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. ์ด
28:38
All of which means that the 2020 election result
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๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์€ 2020๋…„ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๊ฐ€
28:41
will, hopefully, be accepted by everyone.
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๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ๋ฐ›์•„๋“ค์ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž€๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
28:45
Unlike the situation twenty years ago.
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20๋…„ ์ „ ์ƒํ™ฉ๊ณผ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅด๋‹ค.
28:47
Ah, you mean our quiz question, Rob, about the 2000 US presidential election
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์•„,
28:52
which George W Bush won, despite securing fewer votes than his opponent.
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์กฐ์ง€ W ๋ถ€์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๋Œ€๋ณด๋‹ค ์ ์€ ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ์Œ์—๋„ ๋ถˆ๊ตฌํ•˜๊ณ  ์Šน๋ฆฌํ•œ 2000๋…„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ํ€ด์ฆˆ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ธ ๋กญ์„ ๋ง์”€ํ•˜์‹œ๋Š” ๊ฑด๊ฐ€์š”?
28:57
I asked you how many fewer votes Bush won than Al Gore that year.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ ํ•ด์— ๋ถ€์‹œ๊ฐ€ ์•จ ๊ณ ์–ด๋ณด๋‹ค ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ ์€ ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ์–ป์—ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:01
And I said b) a million votes.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š” b) ๋ฐฑ๋งŒ ํ‘œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:04
Mm, but, in fact, it was even closer โ€” just a) half a million votes in Florida.
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์Œ, ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ํ›จ์”ฌ ๋” ๊ฐ€๊นŒ์› ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€ a) ํ”Œ๋กœ๋ฆฌ๋‹ค์—์„œ 50๋งŒ ํ‘œ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:10
Mm.
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Mm.
29:11
In this programme, we've been looking ahead to the US presidential elections
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์—์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์„ ๊ฑฐ
29:15
and its 'cybersecurity' โ€”
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์™€ ๊ทธ '์‚ฌ์ด๋ฒ„ ๋ณด์•ˆ', ์ฆ‰ '
29:17
'measures taken to protect countries and their computer information
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29:21
against online crimes and attacks'.
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์˜จ๋ผ์ธ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„ ๋ฐ ๊ณต๊ฒฉ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์™€ ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ทจํ•ด์ง„ ์กฐ์น˜'์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:24
The Cyber Surge project aims to put officials in touch with 'volunteers' โ€”
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Cyber โ€‹โ€‹Surge ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” '์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž'('
29:29
'people who work for free', who also happen to be expert 'hackers' โ€”
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ๋กœ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์ด์ž ์ „๋ฌธ 'ํ•ด์ปค'์ด๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ),
29:33
'people who break into computer systems without permission'.
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'ํ—ˆ๊ฐ€ ์—†์ด ์ปดํ“จํ„ฐ ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์— ์นจ์ž…ํ•˜๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'๊ณผ ๊ณต๋ฌด์›์„ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ชฉํ‘œ๋กœ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
29:37
But the idea isn't to commit election crime,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ ์ƒ๊ฐ์€ ์„ ๊ฑฐ ๋ฒ”์ฃ„๋ฅผ ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
29:40
rather to prevent it by making sure
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29:42
only those who are 'eligible', or 'qualified', to vote, do so.
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'์ ๊ฒฉ', '์ž๊ฒฉ'์„ ๊ฐ–์ถ˜ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค๋งŒ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๋ ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:48
The project was set up because the November 2020 election
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์ด ํ”„๋กœ์ ํŠธ๋Š” 2020๋…„ 11์›” ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ '
29:52
has become so 'high-profile' โ€”
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29:54
'attracting a lot of attention and interest from the public and the media'.
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๋Œ€์ค‘๊ณผ ์–ธ๋ก ์œผ๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ด€์‹ฌ๊ณผ ๊ด€์‹ฌ์„ ๋„๋Š”' '์„ธ๋ชฉ์„ ๋„๋Š”' ์„ ๊ฑฐ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์„ค์ •๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
29:59
And of course the volunteers themselves
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ์ž์›๋ด‰์‚ฌ์ž๋“ค ์ž์‹ ๋„
30:00
are carefully chosen to be impartial experts who give advice
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30:04
without holding 'the keys to the castle' โ€”
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'์„ฑ์˜ ์—ด์‡ '('๊ถŒ๋ ฅ์— ์ ‘๊ทผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
30:08
an idiom about 'possessing information which gives access to power'.
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์ •๋ณด ๋ณด์œ '์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ด€์šฉ์–ด)๋ฅผ ์ฅ์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ์กฐ์–ธ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ•˜๋Š” ๊ณต์ •ํ•œ ์ „๋ฌธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ์‹ ์ค‘ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์„ ํƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
30:12
What's certain is that the world will be watching this election,
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ํ™•์‹คํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์ด๋ฒˆ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ์ง€์ผœ๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
30:15
so if you're eligible, remember to vote.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ž๊ฒฉ์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ผญ ํˆฌํ‘œํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
30:19
And remember to join us again soon. Bye for now!
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ณง ๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•!
30:22
Bye-bye!
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์•ˆ๋…•!
30:23
6 Minute English.
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6๋ถ„ ์˜์–ด.
30:25
From BBC Learning English.
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BBC ํ•™์Šต ์˜์–ด์—์„œ.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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