Learn English Grammar: How to use SO & SO THAT

860,859 views ใƒป 2015-03-06

Adamโ€™s English Lessons


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:01
Hi. Welcome again to www.engvid.com. My name's Adam. Today's lesson is a grammar lesson,
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์•ˆ๋…•. www.engvid.com์— ๋‹ค์‹œ ์˜ค์‹  ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™˜์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ ์•„๋‹ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ˆ˜์—…์œผ๋กœ,
00:07
and it's about words or expressions that are very often confused or mixed up. We're going
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๋งค์šฐ ์ž์ฃผ ํ˜ผ๋™๋˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋’ค์„ž์ด๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋‚˜ ํ‘œํ˜„์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
00:12
to look at "so", "so that", "so something that", usually "so adjective", or: "so adverb
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"so", "so that", "so something that", ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ "so ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ" ๋˜๋Š” "so ๋ถ€์‚ฌ
00:20
that". I can actually put that in here. Adjective, adverb, that.
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that"์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— ๋„ฃ์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ, ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ๊ทธ.
00:27
So, before we look at what usually gets mixed up, and how the things get mixed up, and the
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด ํ˜ผ๋™๋˜๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผํ•ฉ๋˜๊ณ 
00:31
confusions, let's do a quick review of what all of these expressions or words mean, or
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ํ˜ผ๋™๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ํ‘œํ˜„์ด๋‚˜ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ” ๋˜๋Š”
00:37
how they are used. We're going to start with "so". Now, "so" has quite a few functions,
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์‚ฌ์šฉ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฐ„๋‹จํžˆ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ"๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ "so"์—๋Š” ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์€ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ณ 
00:43
quite a few uses in grammar. One is to agree. Okay? So you say: "I love English." That's
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๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์—์„œ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ "๋‚˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
00:50
why you come to engVid. Right? "So do I. I love English, that's why I come to engVid
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด engVid์— ์˜ค๋Š” ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? "๋‚˜๋„ ๊ทธ๋ž˜. ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ด์„œ engVid
00:55
as well." So I agree with you. "So do I."
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์—๋„ ์™€." ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋™์˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋‚˜๋„ ๊ทธ๋ž˜."
00:58
To refer to. -"I think that something is beautiful. I think that that woman is beautiful." -"Well,
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์ฐธ์กฐํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. -"๋ญ”๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ € ์—ฌ์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." - "๊ธ€์Ž„,
01:06
if you think so, you should go talk to her." "So" means referring to what I just said.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋…€์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋งํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ด." "๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ"๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๊ธˆ ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
"If you think so. If you think she is beautiful, go speak to her." Right? So, "so" is sort
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"๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด. ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ต๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ€์„œ ๋ง์„ ๊ฑธ์–ด๋ด." ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "so"๋Š” ์ผ์ข…์˜
01:18
of like a pronoun, but not exactly. It's referring to something. It stands in the place of something
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๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ๋Š” ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€๋ฆฌํ‚ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
01:24
that was already mentioned and understood.
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์ด๋ฏธ ์–ธ๊ธ‰๋˜๊ณ  ์ดํ•ด๋œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋Œ€์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:27
As a quantifier. As a quantifier, basically, "so" means "very". "I am so hungry." Means
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์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ž๋กœ. ์ •๋Ÿ‰์‚ฌ๋กœ์„œ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ "so"๋Š” "๋งค์šฐ"๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ณ ํŒŒ."
01:35
I am very hungry. Okay? All we do is we quantify it. We give a quantity to the adjective. We
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๋งค์šฐ ๋ฐฐ๊ฐ€ ๊ณ ํ”„๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ •๋Ÿ‰ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์— ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์„ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
01:42
make it stronger, more intense, "very".
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋” ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ฐ•๋ ฌํ•˜๊ฒŒ "๋งค์šฐ" ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
"So much", "so many" just means a lot. "So few" means a few, very little. Right? So,
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"So much", "so many"๋Š” ๋‹จ์ง€ ๋งŽ์ด๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "So few"๋Š” ์•„์ฃผ ์กฐ๊ธˆ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
01:53
this is basically used like an adverb. We can use it "so much" or "so many noun". We
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "so much" ๋˜๋Š” "so many ๋ช…์‚ฌ"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
can say: "So much", "so many adjective and noun". So, we use this as an adverb. And again,
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"So much", "so many ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ช…์‚ฌ"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋กœ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ,
02:05
it's like a quantifier; I'm just giving you more quantity or less quantity, or more degree
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์ž์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋” ๋งŽ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ ์€ ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰, ๋˜๋Š” ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์ •๋„
02:11
or less degree.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋” ์ ์€ ์ •๋„๋ฅผ ์ค„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:12
Now, this is the one we want to focus on, "so" as a conjunction, because this is what
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์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง‘์ค‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ์ธ "so"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด
02:19
gets confused with these two. Okay? So, "so" as a conjunction, basically we use it like...
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๋‘˜๊ณผ ํ˜ผ๋™๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, "so"๋Š” ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋กœ, ๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
02:25
Like "because", except "because" is an adverb clause conjunction. We use an adverb clause.
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"because"์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "because"๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:33
"So" is just an independent clause joining two... Oh, sorry, it's a coordinating clause
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ"๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ... ์•„, ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
joining two independent clauses. Okay? So: "I was late, so I missed the meeting." It
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๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์กฐ์ •์ ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ: "๋Šฆ์–ด์„œ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๋†“์ณค์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:45
basically shows you a result of something that came before. You could say: "Because...
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๊ธฐ๋ณธ์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ด์ „์— ๋‚˜์˜จ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "Because...
02:55
Because I missed..." Sorry. "Because I was late, I missed the meeting.", "I was late,
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Because I ๋†“์ณค๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—..."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. " ๋Šฆ์–ด์„œ ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๋†“์ณค์–ด์š”.", "๋Šฆ์–ด์„œ
03:02
so I missed the meeting." So this is a coordinating conjunction joining two independent clauses,
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ํšŒ์˜๋ฅผ ๋†“์ณค์–ด์š”." ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ์ธ ์ ˆ์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋“ฑ์œ„ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:07
and talks... Shows you result. So far, so good.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌํƒœ๊นŒ์ง€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž˜๋๋‹ค. ๋˜
03:12
That's another expression. "So far" means until now.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ํ‘œํ˜„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€"๋Š” ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
"So that", "so that" is an adverb clause marker or an adverb clause conjunction. It shows
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"๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ", "๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ"๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ ๋งˆ์ปค ๋˜๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€
03:22
purpose. Okay? Remember: an adverb clause joins two actions, in the independent clause,
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๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”: ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์€ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ๊ณผ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์˜ ๋‘ ๋™์ž‘์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ
03:30
and in the adverb clause, and it's the relationship between the clauses is purpose. So, whatever
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, ์ ˆ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ๋ชฉ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
03:36
comes after "so that" shows the purpose of what you did in the previous clause. Here's
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"so that" ๋’ค์— ์˜ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด์ „ ์ ˆ์—์„œ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•œ ์ž‘์—…์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์„ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—
03:43
an example. "I worked overtime this week"-why?-"so that I could take time off next week." Okay?
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์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "์ด๋ฒˆ์ฃผ์— ์•ผ๊ทผํ–ˆ์–ด"-์™œ?-" ๋‹ค์Œ์ฃผ์— ์‰ฌ๋ ค๊ณ ." ์ข‹์•„์š”?
03:53
So, this is the purpose of this. Okay? Remember: adverb clause, there's always going to be
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”: ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ,
04:01
a relationship between the adverb clause and the independent clause.
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๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ๊ณผ ๋…๋ฆฝ์ ˆ ์‚ฌ์ด์—๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:05
Okay? That relationship is one of purpose.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ ๊ด€๊ณ„๋Š” ๋ชฉ์  ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:09
Lastly, we have "so adjective", "so adverb that". Now, this is a bit of a combination
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ "so adjective", "so adverb that"์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‘˜์˜ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์กฐํ•ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:15
of the two. You have a quantifier, so you're making this very something, and you want to
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. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ •๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์•„์ฃผ ๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋‹น์‹ ์€
04:22
give a little bit extra information. What does this mean? Right? You want to complete
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ฃผ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธ ํ•˜๋Š”๊ฐ€? ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๋‹น์‹ ์€
04:26
the meaning of this. Okay? Let's look at this example. I'm going to go right through that
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์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ†ตํ•ด ๊ฐˆ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
04:31
one. "I am so tired that I might pass out." Pass out, faint. Okay? Now, I could say:
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. "๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์„œ ๊ธฐ์ ˆํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”." ๊ธฐ์ ˆ, ๊ธฐ์ ˆ. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด์ œ ์ €๋Š”
04:42
"I am so tired." This is a complete sentence; you don't need anymore. I have the quantifier,
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"๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋” ์ด์ƒ ํ•„์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰์‚ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ 
04:49
I have the adjective, I've completed my meaning.
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ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:52
But I want you to understand how tired I am. "Very tired" is not enough. I want you to
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•œ์ง€ ์ดํ•ดํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋งค์šฐ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•˜๋‹ค"๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋งŒ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:59
understand more. I want to complete this meaning, so I add another clause. We call this a "that
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์ข€ ๋” ์ดํ•ดํ•ด ์ฃผ์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ด์„œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ ˆ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„
05:06
clause", a complement clause. It completes the meaning. "I am so tired that I might pass
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๋ณด์ถฉ์ ˆ์ธ "that ์ ˆ"์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์„œ ๊ธฐ์ ˆํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”
05:13
out." Okay? That's how tired I am.
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." ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋งŒํผ ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:17
Now, you notice I put "that" in brackets. In these types of sentences, "that" you can
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์ด์ œ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ "์ €๊ฒƒ"์„ ๊ด„ํ˜ธ ์•ˆ์— ๋„ฃ์—ˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์œ ํ˜•์˜ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์—์„œ๋Š” "that"์„
05:23
take out. "I am so tired I might pass out." It's understood. The point is: don't confuse
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๊บผ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํ”ผ๊ณคํ•ด์„œ ๊ธฐ์ ˆํ• ์ง€๋„ ๋ชฐ๋ผ์š”." ์ดํ•ด๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์š”์ ์€
05:31
this "so" with this "so", conjunction. This is not a conjunction. It is also not a quantifier.
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์ด "so"์™€ ์ด "so" ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜ํ•œ ์ •๋Ÿ‰์ž๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:38
It is a quantifier, but it's not part of that, it's not part of this guy. Okay?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๋Ÿ‰ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
05:45
Now... Now we understand all these things. The question is: how do these get confused
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์ด์ œ... ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ๋™๋˜๋ฉฐ
05:50
and how can you avoid confusing these? Let's look at some examples.
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ˜ผ๋™์„ ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:54
Okay, so let's look at some examples of some sentences that might be a little bit confusing
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ
05:59
when we're using these expressions. But before we look at these sentences, for all you sharp
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„๋ณด๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์˜ˆ๋ฆฌํ•œ ์‹œ์ฒญ์ž ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์„ ์œ„ํ•ด
06:04
eyed viewers out there, you may have noticed that I made a mistake with the word "quantifier",
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์ œ๊ฐ€ "quantifier"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ž˜๋ชป ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
06:09
I wrote "quantier". Okay? Let me just make sure everybody understands it's "quantifier",
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"quantier"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ผ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ˆˆ์น˜ ์ฑ˜์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ "์ˆ˜๋Ÿ‰๊ธฐํ˜ธ"๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ์ด์ „์—
06:15
add the "fi" to the one you saw before, and we're good to go.
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๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์— "fi"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
06:19
Okay, now, let's look at some example sentences using each of these expressions. "Bill worked
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์ž, ์ด์ œ ๊ฐ ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . "Bill์€ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ด์„œ
06:26
hard, so he was promoted." Promoted means given a higher title or a better position
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์Šน์ง„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์Šน์ง„์ด๋ž€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๋” ๋†’์€ ์ง์ฑ…์ด๋‚˜ ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ง€์œ„๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌ๋ฐ›์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
06:30
in the company. "Bill worked hard so that he would be promoted.", "Bill worked so hard
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. "๋นŒ์€ ์Šน์ง„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค .", "๋นŒ์€ ์Šน์ง„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค
06:37
that he had to be promoted." Now, each of these sentence is grammatically correct, and
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." ์ด์ œ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ณ 
06:43
each one has its own meaning. The meanings are different. Okay? They're related, but
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๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๋ฏธ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ
06:49
they're different. Let's look at each one separately.
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๋‹ค๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ๊ฐ ๋”ฐ๋กœ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
"Bill worked hard." The result of this hard work was that he was promoted. Okay? What...?
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"๋นŒ์€ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์–ด." ์ด ๋…ธ๋ ฅ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์Šน์ง„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋ฌด์—‡...?
06:59
Because he worked hard, he was promoted. Okay? Hard work, promotion is the result. Good.
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๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์Šน์ง„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทผ๋ฉด, ์Šน์ง„์€ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์€.
07:06
"Bill worked hard so that he would be promoted." Now, Bill wants to be the president of the
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"Bill์€ ์Šน์ง„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ด์ œ Bill์€ ํšŒ์‚ฌ์˜ ์‚ฌ์žฅ์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์›ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:12
company. How will he become the president? He will work hard. So, he worked hard because
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. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋ ๊นŒ์š”? ๊ทธ๋Š” ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š” ์Šน์ง„์„ ์›ํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
07:17
he wanted to be promoted. He would be. Okay? This was the purpose for this. This was the
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. ๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋ชฉ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
07:25
result of this. So, you notice, we have the same verb and adverb, same verb and adverb.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์•„์‹œ๋‹ค์‹œํ”ผ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ, ๊ฐ™์€ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถ€์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:32
This was the result of this, this was why he did this.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ์˜€๊ณ , ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ด ์ผ์„ ํ•œ ์ด์œ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:36
"Bill worked so hard that he had to be promoted." Okay? What does it mean "had to"? It means
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"Bill์€ ์Šน์ง„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ •๋„๋กœ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ข‹์•„์š”? "ํ–ˆ๋‹ค"๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
07:43
the company had to give him a promotion because he worked harder than everyone else. So, he
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๋ˆ„๊ตฌ๋ณด๋‹ค ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ํšŒ์‚ฌ์—์„œ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ์Šน์ง„์‹œ์ผœ์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋Š”
07:49
almost left them no choice. Okay? "Bill worked so hard". Everybody worked hard, but Bill
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๊ทธ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์„ ํƒ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? "Bill์€ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ." ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ Bill์€
07:57
worked so hard... They need to complete the meaning of "so hard", that he had to be given
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค... "๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ"๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•ด์•ผ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€
08:04
a promotion. Okay? He had to be promoted to complete this meaning, "so hard".
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์Šน์ง„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋Š” "๋„ˆ๋ฌด ํž˜๋“ค์–ด"๋ผ๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์Šน์ง„ํ•ด์•ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:09
So now you see the differences between them. But wait, let's look at another example. I
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์ด์ œ ๊ทธ๋“ค ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”
08:13
want to show you something else.
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๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ฃผ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:15
"Jill is smart, so all the boys like her." Okay? Boys like smart girls. Jill is smart.
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"Jill์€ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚จ์ž๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‚จ์ž์•„์ด๋“ค์€ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ์—ฌ์ž๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์งˆ์€ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:23
The result of her being smart, they like her. Because she's smart, they like her. This is
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•œ ๊ฒฐ๊ณผ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ์ข‹์•„ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
08:29
her situation. Notice I have a "be" verb here.
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๊ทธ๋…€์˜ ์ƒํ™ฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์— "be" ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ฃผ๋ชฉํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
08:33
"Jill studies regularly so that she can beat the boys." Jill is very determined, she's
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"์งˆ์€ ๋‚จํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค ." Jill์€ ๊ฒฐ๋‹จ๋ ฅ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ณ 
08:40
very ambitious, she wants to be better than the boys. So, she studies regularly. Why?
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์•ผ์‹ฌ์ด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๋ฉฐ ๋‚จํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์ด ๋˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์–ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ?
08:46
So that she can beat the boys, get a better position or do better on tests.
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๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์„ ์ด๊ธฐ๊ณ  ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ์–ป๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‹œํ—˜์—์„œ ๋” ์ž˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก.
08:51
One thing you must realize right away or notice right away is that, here, I'm using an active
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•Œ์•„์ฐจ๋ ค์•ผ ํ•  ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋Šฅ๋™ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:56
verb. I don't... I can't use a "be" verb. Why? Because I'm using an adverb clause that
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. ๋‚˜๋Š”... "be"๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ? ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ, ํ–‰์œ„์™€ ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ์ ˆ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:03
has a relationship with an active verb, with an action. There's a relationship, so I have
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. ๊ด€๊ณ„๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
09:09
to use an active verb here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋Šฅ๋™ํƒœ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:11
Here, I'm back to the "be" verb. "Jill is so smart", Jill is very, very smart. Okay.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” "be" ๋™์‚ฌ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Jill์€ ์ •๋ง ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด", Jill์€ ์•„์ฃผ ์•„์ฃผ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
09:20
So? "That all the boys are afraid of her." She's so smart that she scares the boys, or
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ? "๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ." ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด์„œ ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์„ ๊ฒ์ฃผ๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
09:26
that the boys are afraid of her. This completes the meaning of this. If you say: "She's so
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์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๊ฒƒ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ์™„์„ฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด
09:33
smart." Well, lots of girls are very smart. Right? "But she's so smart that all the boys
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๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด." ์Œ, ๋งŽ์€ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์ด ๋งค์šฐ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? "ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์ด
09:38
are afraid." Other girls are very smart, but the boys are not afraid of them. She's so
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๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์†Œ๋…€๋“ค์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์†Œ๋…„๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค์„ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด
09:43
smart that they're afraid.
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๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด์„œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:45
Now, one thing you can also notice here: "Bill worked hard so he would be promoted." I can
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์ด์ œ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ๋„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ํ•œ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Bill์€ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ด์„œ ์Šน์ง„ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
09:52
take out that because I have a subject. This is understood. "Bill worked so hard he had
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์ฃผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊บผ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ดํ•ด๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "Bill์€ ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ•ด์„œ
09:59
to be promoted.", "Jill studies regularly so she can beat the boys.", "Jill is so smart
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์Šน์ง„ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "Jill์€ ๋‚จํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์„ ์ด๊ธธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ •๊ธฐ์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.", "Jill์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•ด์„œ
10:07
all the boys are afraid of her." Okay? In all these cases, you can take out "that",
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋‚จํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋…€๋ฅผ ๋‘๋ ค์›Œํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— "์ €๊ฒƒ"์„ ๊บผ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:12
it's understood. There are many examples of clauses that you can take out the conjunction
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. ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ณ , ์ฃผ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๊ธฐ
10:19
"that" or the pronoun "that" because you have your subject, you have your subject, you have
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๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ ‘์†์‚ฌ "that"์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๋ช…์‚ฌ "that"์„ ๋นผ๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ ˆ์˜ ์˜ˆ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
10:25
your subject. So that "that" can come out. The only thing is don't confuse this "so"
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. "์ €๊ฒƒ"์ด ๋‚˜์˜ฌ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก. ์œ ์ผํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด "so"๋ฅผ
10:31
with this "so", or this "so", or this "so". Each one has its own purpose.
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์ด "so" ๋˜๋Š” ์ด "so" ๋˜๋Š” ์ด "so"์™€ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ์ž์˜ ๋ชฉ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
But now, why is this important to understand? In writing, you have to be correct in the
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์™œ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ๊ฐ€์š”? ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ
10:45
way you use the word "so", or "so that", or "so adjective/adverb that". Here, by the way,
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"so", "so that" ๋˜๋Š” "so ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ/๋ถ€์‚ฌ that"์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ์‹์ด ์ •ํ™•ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฑด ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ณ ,
10:52
"so smart", adjective; "so hard", "worked so hard", adverb. Both okay. Adjective, adverb
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"๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋˜‘๋˜‘ํ•˜๋‹ค", ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ; "๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ", "๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์—ด์‹ฌํžˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค ", ๋ถ€์‚ฌ. ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„. ํ˜•์šฉ์‚ฌ,
10:58
with "so". In writing, it makes a big difference in the meaning of the sentence. If I'm reading
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"so"๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋ถ€์‚ฌ. ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ์˜๋ฏธ์— ํฐ ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ญ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ฝ์„ ๋•Œ
11:03
a sentence and I see: "so smart", I'm expecting a clause to follow. If one doesn't and a period
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"so smart"๊ฐ€ ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋ฉด ์ ˆ์ด ๋’ค๋”ฐ๋ฅผ ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ์˜ˆ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ณ  ๋งˆ์นจํ‘œ๊ฐ€
11:11
doesn't, then I get confused. Okay? In speaking, you can get away with it. In writing, you can't.
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์—†์œผ๋ฉด ํ˜ผ๋ž€์Šค๋Ÿฌ์›Œ์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด ํ”ผํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์„œ๋ฉด์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:18
Now, if you have any questions about this, go to www.engvid.com and ask me, and I will
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์ด์ œ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•œ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด www.engvid.com์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ €์—๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
11:22
be happy to answer any questions. Do the quiz there as well. Subscribe to my channel on YouTube.
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๊ธฐ๊บผ์ด ๋‹ต๋ณ€ํ•ด ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ๋„ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด์„ธ์š” . YouTube์—์„œ ๋‚ด ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
11:29
And, of course, come back. See us again. Bye.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ๋ก  ๋Œ์•„์˜ค์„ธ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ณด์ž. ์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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