PRESENT PERFECT TENSE | Complete English Grammar Review

440,507 views ใƒป 2019-03-02

The English Coach


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:00
hey what's up Stefanie the English coach here from EnglishFullTime.com
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ใ“ใ‚“ใซใกใฏใ€EnglishFullTime.com ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚ณใƒผใƒใฎใ‚นใƒ†ใƒ•ใ‚กใƒ‹ใƒผ
00:04
today we're gonna talk about the present perfect tense in English now I know this
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎ
00:09
tense is difficult for many of you because either it doesn't exist in your
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ๆ™‚ๅˆถใฏๅคšใใฎไบบใซใจใฃใฆ้›ฃใ—ใ„ใจ ๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:13
native language or if it does exist it's used differently than it's used in
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ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใซๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใชใ„ใ‹ใ€ ๅญ˜ๅœจใ—ใพใ™ ่‹ฑ่ชž ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใจใฏ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใงไฝฟ็”จใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹
00:18
English so hopefully I can make this tense very very very easy for you
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ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎ ๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซ่ชฌๆ˜Ž
00:23
the way I see grammar is that grammar is logical in any language you just have to
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ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฏ ใฉใฎ่จ€่ชžใงใ‚‚่ซ–็†็š„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
00:28
understand the pattern or how the grammatical structure is formed and then
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ใƒ‘ใ‚ฟใƒผใƒณใพใŸใฏ ๆ–‡ๆณ•ๆง‹้€ ใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅฝขๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ใใ—ใฆใ€
00:33
you have to learn when to use it situation scenarios etc so if you can
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ใ„ใคใใ‚Œใ‚’็Šถๆณใ‚ทใƒŠใƒชใ‚ชใชใฉใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’ๅญฆใฐ ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€
00:38
understand all of that something that's very vague and abstract suddenly becomes
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้žๅธธใซๆ›–ๆ˜งใงๆŠฝ่ฑก็š„ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ‚’ใ™ในใฆ็†่งฃ
00:42
very easy so if you really want to get deep into this tense and understand it
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ใงใใ‚Œใฐใ€็ช็„ถ้žๅธธใซ็ฐกๅ˜ใซใชใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ ใ“ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใซๆทฑใๅ…ฅใ‚Š่พผใฟใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใซ็†่งฃใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใใ‚Œ
00:47
fully I highly recommend that you download the guide that I'm gonna link
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ใ‚’ๅผทใใŠๅ‹งใ‚ใ—ใพใ™ ่ชฌๆ˜Žใง ใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
00:51
in the description I created a complete guide for you guys
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ใ€‚็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใฎใŸใ‚ใซๅฎŒๅ…จใชใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
00:54
it's all about how to use this tense with tons of sentence examples I spent
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ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ“ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถ ใ‚’ๅคง้‡ใฎๆ–‡ไพ‹ใงไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚‚ใฎใงใ™
00:59
well over eight hours making this guide for you so it is an excellent resource I
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ใ€‚8 ๆ™‚้–“ไปฅไธŠใ‹ใ‘ใฆไฝœๆˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŸใ‚ใฎๅฝผใฎใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใชใฎใงใ€ใใ‚Œใฏๅ„ชใ‚ŒใŸใƒชใ‚ฝใƒผใ‚น
01:03
think you're really gonna like it so download it study it highlight it
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ใงใ™.
01:07
take a picture put it on Instagram use #EnglishFullTime tag my
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01:10
account and show me that you are practicing with this material and I will
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01:15
keep making more also if this video gets to ten thousand likes at least then I
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ใพใŸใ€ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒๅฐ‘ใชใใจใ‚‚ 1 ไธ‡ไปถใฎใ€Œใ„ใ„ใญ๏ผใ€ใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ•ใ‚‰ใซไฝœๆˆใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใฎๅ ดๅˆใ€
01:20
will know you really liked grammar videos and I will make another one just
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸ ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ๆฌกใซๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’
01:24
let me know what grammar tense you want me to cover next this is the first
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ใฆใปใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒๆœ€ๅˆใฎ
01:27
grammar video I'm making on my channel and we have a lot to cover but before we
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่‡ชๅˆ†ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใงไฝœๆˆใ—ใฆ ใŠใ‚Šใ€ใ‚ซใƒใƒผใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
01:32
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01:37
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01:41
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01:53
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01:57
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02:03
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02:08
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02:11
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02:15
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02:22
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ใฏ่ชฌๆ˜Žใƒœใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚นใฎไธ‹ใซใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
02:26
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02:30
really happy to share Lingoda with you today I actually tested their programs
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ไปŠๆ—ฅใฏ Lingoda ใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ใจใฆใ‚‚ใ†ใ‚Œใ—ใๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ็งใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใฎใƒ—ใƒญใ‚ฐใƒฉใƒ ใ‚’่‡ชๅˆ†ใงใƒ†ใ‚นใƒˆใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
02:35
myself I did a French class with them and I did three English classes to
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใจไธ€็ท’ใซใƒ•ใƒฉใƒณใ‚น่ชžใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’่กŒใ„ใ€ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ 3 ๅ›ž
02:39
observe how they're done I was very impressed I think online English classes
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่กŒใฃใฆใ€ใใฎๆง˜ๅญใ‚’่ฆณๅฏŸใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ้žๅธธใซ ๆ„Ÿ้Š˜ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใพใ—ใŸ ใ‚ชใƒณใƒฉใ‚คใƒณใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚น
02:43
are a great option for anyone who has a busy schedule and is you know looking to
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ใฏ ๅฟ™ใ—ใ„ใ‚นใ‚ฑใ‚ธใƒฅใƒผใƒซใ‚’ๆŠฑใˆใฆใ„ใฆใ€
02:48
make a jump in their English from maybe beginner to advanced or intermediate to
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ๅˆ็ดš่€…ใ‹ใ‚‰ไธŠ็ดš่€…ใ€ไธญ็ดš่€…ใ‹ใ‚‰ไธŠ็ดš่€…ใ€
02:53
advanced or something like that it's a great opportunity for you to have
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ใพใŸใฏใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’้ฃ›่บใ•ใ›ใŸใ„ใจ่€ƒใˆใฆใ„ใ‚‹ไบบ ใซใจใฃใฆใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ‚ชใƒ—ใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใงใ™ใ€‚
02:56
small personalized classes where you can have the opportunity to speak and
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ๅฐ‘ไบบๆ•ฐใฎๅ€‹ๅˆฅใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’็”จๆ„ใ—ใฆใ€ๅ…ˆ็”Ÿ ใจ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Š
03:00
interact with your teacher get instant feedback on your pronunciation ask
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ไบคๆตใ—ใŸใ‚Šใงใใพใ™ ็™บ้Ÿณใซ้–ขใ™ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใ‚ฃใƒผใƒ‰ใƒใƒƒใ‚ฏใ‚’ใ™ใใซๅพ—ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ ใพใ™
03:04
questions and when you pay for something it kind of holds you accountable you're
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่ณชๅ•ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ไฝ•ใ‹ใซใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ๆ‰•ใ†ใจใ€ ่‡ชๅˆ†ใซ่ฒฌไปปใŒ
03:08
like okay I better do this I paid for it so if you are interested in investing in
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็”Ÿใ˜ใพใ™ ใŠ้‡‘ใ‚’ ๆ‰•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€่‹ฑ่ชžใธใฎๆŠ•่ณ‡ใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚‹
03:13
your English I think they are a great option and super flexible as well with
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ใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ ้ธๆŠž่‚ขใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€
03:17
when you can take classes and the teachers oh the teachers I met you guys
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ใ„ใคใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚’ๅ—่ฌ›ใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ้žๅธธใซๆŸ”่ปŸใงใ‚ใ‚‹ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
03:21
they are such they they are wonderful people they were so nice and every class
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ใจใฆใ‚‚็ด ๆ•ตใงใ€
03:26
that I did I was just like oh my gosh this is such a nice teacher very
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็งใŒ่กŒใฃใŸใ™ในใฆใฎใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใฏใ€็งใŒใใ†ใงใ—ใŸ
03:30
impressed okay so remember to use the link in the description to sign up and
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03:36
let's continue with the lesson okay so how do we form the present perfect tense
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03:41
we use the subject has have and the past participle form of a verb let me give
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ไธป่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝข has have ใจ ๅ‹•่ฉžใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžๅฝขใฎ
03:47
you some examples I have walked I have played I have wanted right now
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ไพ‹ใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ๆŒ™ใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ ใ† I have walk I have play I have want right now ๅ‹•่ฉž
03:54
you have to be careful with the past participle form of the verb though
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ใฎ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžๅฝขใซใฏๆณจๆ„ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™
03:57
because sometimes it's irregular I have sung I have broken I have flown with
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ใงใ‚‚ๆ™‚ใ€…ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใ ใ‹ใ‚‰ ็งใฏ ๆญŒใฃใŸ ็งใฏๅฃŠใ‚ŒใŸ ็งใฏ
04:04
irregular past participles you just have to memorize them there's really no rhyme
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ไธ่ฆๅ‰‡ใช้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใง้ฃ›ใ‚“ใ  ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใŸใ  ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆš—่จ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹
04:09
rule or reason to which is which and how to remember etc etc just focus on
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ใฉใ‚ŒใŒใฉใ‚Œใงใฉใ‚ŒใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ† ใซ่ฆšใˆใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ‹ใชใฉใฎ้Ÿป่ฆๅ‰‡ใ‚„็†็”ฑใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซใชใ„ ใชใฉ
04:16
memorizing the list so that you can use these words correctly now when we
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ใƒชใ‚นใƒˆใ‚’ๆš—่จ˜ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซ้›†ไธญใ™ใ‚‹
04:20
combine subjects like I you he she wiII they etc with having has there
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I you he he she wiII they etc has has
04:26
are several different ways we can do it check this out I have I have not I've I
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ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚’ ็ขบ่ชใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ I have I have not I have not I have
04:32
haven't I've not okay so that's five different ways that we can make these
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not Okay ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใฎ 5 ใคใฎ ็•ฐใชใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’ใ”
04:37
combinations and just a tip for you native English speakers love contracting
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็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่‹ฑ่ชžใฎใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผใฏ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝข
04:42
words so if we can use a contraction we do okay it makes you speak a lot faster
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04:48
and it's just easier so if you can use a contraction you want to use it unless
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ใฎๅ˜่ชžใŒๅคงๅฅฝใใงใ™ใ€‚
04:54
you're writing a formal academic essay or if you're trying to emphasize
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ๆญฃๅผใชๅญฆ่ก“ใ‚จใƒƒใ‚ปใ‚คใ‚’ๆ›ธใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ๅ ดๅˆใ‚„ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚’้™คใ„ใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟใ„
04:59
something you might want to say no I have wanted that for a long time
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ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.็ง ใฏ้•ทใ„้–“ใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆœ›ใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸ.
05:03
that's when maybe you wouldn't use a contraction for emphasis okay so now
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ใ‚ˆใ—ใ€ใงใฏๅง‹ใ‚
05:07
let's talk about when to use the present perfect tense the most important thing
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ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ใ„ใคไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ ในใๆœ€ใ‚‚้‡่ฆใชใ“ใจใฏใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฏ
05:11
to remember is that the present perfect connects the past and the present so for
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้ŽๅŽปใจ็พๅœจใ‚’ใคใชใใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
05:17
example something that started in the past and continues today like he's been
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅฝผใŒ 7 ๅนด้–“ใƒžใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใ‚’ๅ‹™ใ‚ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใพใ‚ŠไปŠๆ—ฅใ‚‚็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใ€ๅฝผใŒๆฌกใฎใ‚ˆใ†
05:22
a manager for seven years this means he became a manager seven years ago and
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ใซใชใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ 7 ๅนดๅ‰ใฎใƒžใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใงใ€
05:27
he's still a manager today another example is I've been really sick
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ๅฝผใฏไปŠใงใ‚‚ใƒžใƒใƒผใ‚ธใƒฃใƒผใงใ™ใ€‚ ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใจใ—ใฆใ€็งใฏๆœ€่ฟ‘ใจใฆใ‚‚ๅ…ทๅˆ
05:31
lately this could mean that I got sick and then I got better I got sick and
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ใŒๆ‚ชใ„ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€็—…ๆฐ—ใซใชใฃใฆใ‹ใ‚‰่‰ฏใใชใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚็—…ๆฐ—
05:36
then I got better I got sick and then I got better okay but I've been really
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ใซใชใฃใฆใ‹ใ‚‰่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚็—…ๆฐ—ใซ ใชใฃใฆใ‹ใ‚‰่‰ฏใใชใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€็งใฏ
05:39
sick lately I get started in the past and I'm still sick on and off again okay
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ๆœ€่ฟ‘ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็—…ๆฐ—ใงใ™ ็งใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ—ใŸใ€ ใใ—ใฆ็งใฏใพใ ็—…ๆฐ—ใงใ™ ใ‚ชใƒณใจใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚’็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผ
05:45
we also use the present perfect when we don't care to emphasize when exactly
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็งใŸใกใฏใพใŸ
05:50
something happened so someone could say I've been to Spain twice now this means
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ใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใŒใ—ใŸใจ่จ€ใ†ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆญฃ็ขบใซไฝ•ใ‹ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจใใซๅผท่ชฟใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆฐ—ใซใ—ใชใ„ใจใใซใ‚‚็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ— ใพใ™ ใ‚นใƒšใ‚คใƒณใซ 2 ๅ›ž
05:55
they went in the past two times but it's also indicating that they could
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่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใฏใ€้ŽๅŽป 2 ๅ›ž่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€้ŽๅŽปใซ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸ
06:00
potentially go again right something that happened in the past and could
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ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅ†ใณ่กŒใ†ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅ ใ‚‚็ถšใๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€ง
06:04
continue in the future another example is I've had three exams
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
06:08
this week okay so I'm saying that it happened this week but I'm not telling
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็งใฏ่จ€ใ† ไปŠ้€ฑ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใจใฏ่จ€ใ„
06:12
you exactly if my exams were on Monday because if not I would say I had three
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆœˆๆ›œๆ—ฅใซ่ฉฆ้จ“ใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใฏๆญฃ็ขบ ใซใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›
06:17
exams on Monday I'm using the past simple but if I say I've had three exams
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06:22
this week I'm just telling you that they happened sometime this week and I'm also
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ใ‚“ ไปŠ้€ฑใฎใฉใ“ใ‹ใงใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ่ตทใ“ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ‚ใ‚Š
06:27
indicating that perhaps I will have more exams this week that they're not
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ใ€ใŠใใ‚‰ใ ไปŠ้€ฑใฏใพใ ็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„่ฉฆ้จ“ใŒใ•ใ‚‰ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™.่ฉฆ้จ“ใŒ
06:32
finished I'm not emphasizing
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็ต‚ใ‚ใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“.
06:34
that my exams are over I'm just emphasizing that it has happened again
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06:39
if I say I had three exams this week I am clearly emphasizing that I completed
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ไปŠ้€ฑ 3 ใคใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใพใŸๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใใพใ—ใŸ 3 ใคใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“ ใ‚’ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใ€ไปŠ้€ฑใฏใ‚‚ใ†่ฉฆ้จ“ใŒใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ˜Ž็ขบใซๅผท่ชฟใ—
06:45
three exams and I have no more this week I had three exams this week versus I've
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ไปŠ้€ฑใฏ 3 ใคใฎ่ฉฆ้จ“
06:51
had all right we can also use the present perfect when we talk about
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ— ใŸ ็งใŸใกใฏ
06:55
achievements like she's won three Oscars and noticed that I contracted that there
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ๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ‚ชใ‚นใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ 3 ๅ›žๅ—่ณžใ—ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซๆฅญ็ธพใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑ ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใใ“ใง็งใŒๅฅ‘็ด„ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ไป˜ใใพใ—ใŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใŒ
07:00
I didn't say she has won three Oscars I said she's won she's won she's won three
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ใ‚ชใ‚นใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’ 3 ๅ›žๅ—่ณžใ—ใŸใจใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ ็งใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒๅ—่ณžใ—ใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
07:07
Oscars that is an achievement and the reason I'm using the present perfect
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07:11
it's because she won them in the past but I'm indicating that she is still an
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ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒ้ŽๅŽปใซใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ— ใŸใ‹ใ‚‰ใงใ™ใŒใ€็งใฏๅฝผๅฅณใŒใ‚นใƒ†ใ‚ฃใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ็งใฏ
07:16
actress and she still has the potential to win more Oscars so it could continue
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ๅฅณๅ„ชใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใพใ  ใ‚ˆใ‚Šๅคšใใฎใ‚ชใ‚นใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใ‚’็ง˜ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅใ‚‚็ถšใๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒ
07:22
in the future on the other hand if I'm talking about maybe an actor who's no
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ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ€ๆ–นใงใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚‚ใ†็”Ÿใใฆใ„ใชใ„ไฟณๅ„ชใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€
07:27
longer alive I might say he won two Oscars I'm using the simple past because
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ๅฝผใฏ2ใคใฎใ‚ชใ‚นใ‚ซใƒผใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ—ใŸใจ่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“. ้ŽๅŽป
07:32
he did it in the past and there's no chance he's going to be doing any of
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ๅฝผใฏ้ŽๅŽปใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ใ—ใŸใฎใง
07:36
that in the future okay cuz he's dead another way that we
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ใ€ๅฐ†ๆฅ ๅฝผใŒใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ“ใจใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผ ๅฝผใฏๆญปใ‚“ใงใ—ใพใฃใŸใฎใง ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅˆฅใฎๆ–นๆณ•
07:39
use the present perfect is to talk about things that haven't happened yet but
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ใฏใ€ ใพใ ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใŒใ€็งใŸใกใŒๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚
07:43
that we expect to happen okay so for example let's say you had a job
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๅฐฑ่ทใฎ
07:49
interview and I say hey did you get the job and you say I don't know yet I
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้ขๆŽฅใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ใฆใ€ใใฎ ไป•ไบ‹ใซๅฐฑใ„ใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ€Œใพใ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
07:52
haven't heard back from the company you haven't heard back meaning they have not
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ไผš็คพใ‹ใ‚‰ ้€ฃ็ตกใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:57
called you yet but you are expecting to get a call back okay another example is I
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ใพใ ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ใ‹ใ‘ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ ใ€ๆŠ˜ใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใฎ้›ป่ฉฑใŒใ‹ใ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ๅˆฅใฎไพ‹ใฏใ€็ง
08:04
haven't been to Brazil yet okay I am dying to go to Brazil I cannot wait a
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ใฏ ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซ่กŒใใŸใใฆใŸใพใ‚‰ใชใ„ใงใ™
08:08
lot of people ask me about this in the comments but I haven't been to Brazil
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ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใ“ใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ็งใซๅฐ‹ใญใ‚‹ใฎใŒๅพ…ใกใใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒใ€็งใฏใพใ '
08:12
yet I haven't gone to Brazil yet so I have not because I expect to go I'm not
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ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซใฏใพใ ่กŒใฃใŸ ใ“ใจใŒใชใ„
08:18
gonna say I didn't go to Brazil because that's awkward it's like when when
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08:22
didn't you go do you didn't go when in a specific year in 2013, 14, when you had a
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2013 ๅนดใ€14 ๅนดใฎ็‰นๅฎšใฎๅนดใซใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆฉŸไผšใŒใ‚ใฃใŸใจใใซ
08:27
specific opportunity what are you talking about using the past simple
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ใ€้ŽๅŽปใฎๅ˜็ด”ใชๆŽฅ็ถšใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆไฝ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
08:31
connects something that happened in the past to a very specific time or instance
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08:36
or occasion okay so I could say oh I had the opportunity to go to Brazil in 2014
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2014ๅนดใซใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซ่กŒใๆฉŸไผš
08:41
but I didn't go right so I had the opportunity at a specific time and I didn't
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ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใ†ใพใใ„ใ‹ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใฎใงใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚ๆœŸใซๆฉŸไผšใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€ใใ†ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚
08:46
go that's not what I'm talking about I'm saying I haven't gone meaning I expect
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่กŒใ‹ใชใ„ ่กŒใ‹ใชใ„ ใใ‚Œใฏ็งใŒ่ฉฑใ—ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใฏใชใ„ ่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
08:51
to go I just haven't gone in the past but I
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08:54
expect to go in the future so think about things that you expect to happen
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08:58
that have not happened yet and you can write some examples in the comments
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ใพใ ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚Š ใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ
09:01
actually you can write examples for all of these in the comments just to
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ไพ‹ใ‚’ๆ›ธใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ™ในใฆใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใซๆ›ธใใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™.
09:05
practice okay another example of something that has not yet happened
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ใพใ ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฎๅˆฅใฎไพ‹.
09:09
scientists have not yet discovered a cure for cancer okay so why do we say it
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็ง‘ๅญฆ่€…ใฏใพใ ็™Œใฎๆฒป็™‚ๆณ•ใ‚’็™บ่ฆ‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“. ใงใฏใ€ใชใœ
09:15
like this they have not discovered or have not yet discovered because we
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏใพใ ็™บ่ฆ‹ใ— ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ€ใพใ ็™บ่ฆ‹ใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ
09:19
expect them to eventually discover a cure for cancer right we also use the
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใŒๆœ€็ต‚ ็š„ใซ็™Œใฎๆฒป็™‚ๆณ•ใ‚’็™บ่ฆ‹ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆœŸๅพ…ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€
09:24
present perfect to talk about change over time so let's say that I see a kid
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ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใจใจใ‚‚ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹
09:30
and then I don't see him for two years and he gets really tall and then when I
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ใ“ใจใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™. ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŒ
09:35
finally see him again I say wow you've grown up a lot since the last time I saw
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ใคใ„ใซๅฝผใซๅ†ใณ ไผšใฃใŸใจใใ€็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆœ€ๅพŒใซไผšใฃใŸใจใใ‹ใ‚‰ๅคงใใๆˆ้•ทใ—ใŸใ€
09:39
you or Wow you've gotten a lot taller since the
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ใพใŸใฏ
09:42
last time I saw you okay so that is indicating a change over time you've
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ ไผšใฃใŸใจใใ‹ใ‚‰ใšใฃใจ่ƒŒใŒไผธใณใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ€Œ
09:48
gotten taller since the last time I saw you you've grown up a lot since the last
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใซไผšใฃใŸๆ™‚ใ‚ˆใ‚Š่ƒŒ ใŒไผธใณใŸใญใ€‚ๅ›ใฏๆœ€ๅพŒใซไผšใฃใŸๆ™‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใšใ„ใถใ‚“ๆˆ้•ทใ—ใŸ
09:54
time I saw you now think about when you first started
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ใญใ€‚ๅ›ใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๅญฆใณๅง‹ใ‚ใŸใจใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่€ƒใˆใฆใฟใฆใญใ€‚ใใ‚Œไปฅๆฅใ€
09:57
learning English I bet your English has improved a lot since then right I bet
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ๅ›ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฏใ‹ใชใ‚ŠไธŠ้”ใ—ใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ใ‚ˆใญใ€‚ๅ›ใฎ
10:02
your English has improved a lot since then I'm talking about a change over
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่‹ฑ่ชžใฏๆˆ้•ทใ—ใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ใ€ ใใ‚Œไปฅๆฅใ€ใ‹ใชใ‚Šๆ”นๅ–„ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใซ ไผดใ†ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
10:08
time okay another example of change over time she's lost a lot of weight since
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ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใซไผดใ†ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใฎๅˆฅใฎไพ‹
10:13
she started the diet she has lost a lot of weight since she started the diet
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ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใชใ‚Šไฝ“้‡ใŒๆธ›ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๅ†้–‹ใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใชใ‚Šไฝ“้‡ใŒ
10:19
again I contracted that the first time she's lost a lot of weight she's lost
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ๆธ›ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ็งใฏๆœ€ๅˆใฎ ๅฝผๅฅณใฎไฝ“้‡ใŒใ‹ใชใ‚Š
10:23
okay change over time she has lost a lot of weight since she started the diet she
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ๆธ›ใฃใŸใจใ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏๆธ›ใฃใŸ ๅคงไธˆๅคซ ๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใจใจใ‚‚ใซๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ™ใ‚‹ sh ๅฝผๅฅณใŒใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ‹ใชใ‚Šใฎไฝ“้‡ใŒๆธ›ใฃใŸ ๅฝผๅฅณ
10:28
started the diet over there somewhere and then she's lost a lot of weight over
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ใฏใฉใ“ใ‹ใงใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ไปŠๆ—ฅใพใงๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใจใจใ‚‚ใซๅคšใใฎไฝ“้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใใŸ ๅฝผๅฅณใŒ่กŒใฃใŸใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆ
10:33
time until today and she continues to lose weight now if you're talking about
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€ๅฝผๅฅณใฏไปŠใ‚‚ไฝ“้‡ใ‚’ๆธ›ใ‚‰ใ—็ถšใ‘ใฆ
10:37
a diet that she did a long time ago and maybe she stopped the diet gained the
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ใ„ใ‚‹ ใšใ„ใถใ‚“ๅ‰ใซ ๅฝผๅฅณใฏใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ ไฝ“้‡ใŒๅ…ƒใซๆˆปใฃใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“
10:42
weight back or who knows what then you would say yeah she lost a lot of weight
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ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒไฝ•ใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใ‹ใฏ
10:46
on the diet she lost it in the past maybe it found her again I'm just
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
10:51
kidding okay now one of the most common ways to use the present perfect is to
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใชๆ–นๆณ•ใฏใ€
10:55
talk about life experiences like have you ever been on a plane
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ไบบ็”Ÿ็ตŒ้จ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€้ฃ›่กŒๆฉŸใซไน—ใฃใŸ
10:59
have you ever seen the office have you ever met the
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ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹? ใ‚ชใƒ•ใ‚ฃใ‚นใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?ๅคง็ตฑ้ ˜ใซไผšใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹?
11:02
president now speaking of life experiences there is a really common and
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ไบบ็”Ÿ ็ตŒ้จ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใ“ใจใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซไธ€่ˆฌ็š„ใง
11:06
well-known game that English speakers play you can look it up later it's
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ใ‚ˆใ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’่ฉฑใ™ไบบใŒ ใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚คใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ  ๅพŒใง่ชฟในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ“ใ‚Œ
11:10
called never have I ever and there's different variations of this game but
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ใฏ never have I ever ใจๅ‘ผใฐใ‚Œ ใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใซใฏใ•ใพใ–ใพใชใƒใƒชใ‚จใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
11:14
basically it helps you learn interesting things about your friends and whoever
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใฏ ใ€ๅ‹้”ใ‚„
11:19
you play the game with so basically you say never have I ever okay and then you
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ใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ไธ€็ท’ใซใƒ—ใƒฌใ‚คใ™ใ‚‹ไบบใซใคใ„ใฆ่ˆˆๅ‘ณๆทฑใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅญฆใถใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใกใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ใ‹ใฃใŸ ใใ—ใฆใ€
11:24
say something you've never done so I'm going to go first and I'll tell you guys
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚„ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฎใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใ†ใฎใงใ€ ็งใŒๆœ€ๅˆใซ
11:28
some things that I've never done using this sentence construction and then you
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่กŒใฃใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใฎๆง‹ๆˆใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€็งใŒใ‚„ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฎใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ใ„ใใคใ‹ใŠ่ฉฑใ—ใ— ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใฎๅพŒ
11:32
can practice in the comments by telling me five things you've never done and
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ใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใง 5ใคใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆ็ทด็ฟ’ใงใใพใ™. ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ใ‚„ใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใใ€
11:36
then as you guys read each other's comments you'll find things that people
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ใŠไบ’ใ„ใฎใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใ‚’่ชญใ‚“ใง
11:40
say that they've never done and if you have done that you can comment and say
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ใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€่ชฐ ใ‚‚ใ‚„ใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
11:44
hey I have done that so someone can say never have I ever climbed Mount Everest
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็งใฏใ‚จใƒ™ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใซ็™ปใฃใŸ
11:49
but by saying that maybe you'll meet someone who has climbed Mount Everest
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ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚จใƒ™ใƒฌใ‚นใƒˆใซ็™ปใฃใŸไบบใซไผšใ†ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ใจ่จ€ใ†ใจ
11:54
okay so never have I ever driven a motorcycle never have I ever been to
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ใ€ใƒใ‚คใ‚ฏใ‚’้‹่ปขใ—ใŸ ใ“ใจใฏ
11:59
Brazil never have I ever broken a bone never have I ever donated blood and
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ไธ€ๅบฆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใƒ–ใƒฉใ‚ธใƒซใซ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚‚้ชจๆŠ˜ใ—ใŸ ใ“ใจใ‚‚็Œฎ่ก€ใ—ใŸใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
12:06
never have I ever been to Disney World so again we use the present perfect to
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็งใฏใƒ‡ใ‚ฃใ‚บใƒ‹ใƒผใƒฏใƒผใƒซใƒ‰ใซ ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใฎใง
12:11
talk about life experiences and we even have this game never have I ever to talk
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ใ€็งใŸใกใฏไบบ็”Ÿ็ตŒ้จ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™ใŸใ‚ใซ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†
12:18
about our life experiences and to figure out what people have done and what
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ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚็งใŸใกใฎไบบ็”Ÿ็ตŒ้จ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใŸใ‚Šใ€ ไบบใ€…ใŒไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—ใŸใ‹ใ€ไฝ•ใ‚’ใ—
12:21
people haven't done so now it's your turn tell me five things in the comments
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ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ‹ใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€ใ“ใฎใ‚ฒใƒผใƒ ใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ•ใˆใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ๆฌกใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎ ็•ชใงใ™ 5 ใคใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ s ใฏใ€
12:25
that you've never done using the construction never have I ever okay so
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒๆง‹้€ ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใŸใ“ใจใŒใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใ™ใ€‚็งใฏ ๆฑบใ—ใฆๅคงไธˆๅคซ
12:29
that was a little detour we still have more to this lesson there's lots to
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ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ใใ‚Œใฏๅฐ‘ใ—ๅ›žใ‚Š้“ใงใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใฎใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใซใฏใพใ ๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
12:33
learn here but the next thing I want to say is that sometimes a sentence in the
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ใ“ใ“ใงๅญฆใถในใใ“ใจใฏใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€ๆฌกใซ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎ ใฏใ€
12:39
present perfect can accomplish multiple functions at the same time let's just
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็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใฏๅŒๆ™‚ใซ่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎๆฉŸ่ƒฝใ‚’้”ๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใ
12:44
look at this sentence I've been a teacher for over years and I've
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ใพใ™ ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ็งใฏ ไฝ•ๅนดใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใŸใฃใฆๆ•™ๅธซใ‚’ใ—ใฆ
12:48
worked with hundreds of students around the world
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ใŠใ‚Šใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไฝ•็™พไบบใ‚‚ใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใจไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใพใ—
12:50
#TrueStory okay so here we are showing something that started in the
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ใŸ #TrueStory ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚
12:56
past and continues today I've been a teacher for over 10 years right and I've
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้ŽๅŽปใฏไปŠใ‚‚็ถšใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ็งใฏ 10 ๅนดไปฅไธŠๆ•™ๅธซใ‚’ใ—ใฆ
13:02
worked with hundreds of students around the world but this is also talking about
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ใŠใ‚Šใ€ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไฝ•็™พไบบใ‚‚ใฎ็”Ÿๅพ’ใจไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ใ—ใฆใใพใ—ใŸ ใŒใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
13:05
life experience and it's talking about achievements so remember that all the
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ไบบ็”Ÿ็ตŒ้จ“ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆ ใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆˆๆžœใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹
13:10
things I list previously in the video like we can use
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ใ“ใจใงใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏ
13:14
the present perfect to talk about achievements life experience etc etc
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ใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€ ๆˆๆžœใ€ไบบ็”Ÿ็ตŒ้จ“ใชใฉใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ™
13:18
sometimes in one sentence we're doing multiple things okay so I hope you guys
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ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚1 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใง่ค‡ๆ•ฐใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่กŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚
13:22
are hanging in there with me things are about to get a little bit
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13:26
more advanced alright let's compare the following
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ใ‚‚ใ†ๅฐ‘ใ—้€ฒใ‚“ ใ ใจใ“ใ‚ใงใ€ๆฌกใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’ๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆใ€
13:30
sentences and analyze what the difference is between these two
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ 2 ใคใฎๆ–‡ใฎ้•ใ„ใ‚’ๅˆ†ๆžใ—ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ๆŠ•่ณ‡ๅฎถใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹
13:33
sentences they cannot grow their business until they get some investors
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13:39
or they cannot grow their business until they've gotten some investors what's the
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ใพใงใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚’ๆˆ้•ทใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใพใŸใฏ ใ€ๆŠ•่ณ‡ๅฎถใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใพใงใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚’ๆˆ้•ทใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚้•ใ„ใฏไฝ•ใงใ™ใ‹ใ€‚
13:45
difference it's so subtle it's very subtle
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ใใ‚Œใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅพฎๅฆ™ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใฏ้žๅธธใซ ๅพฎๅฆ™ใงใ™
13:48
basically the sentence that uses the present perfect tense is emphasizing
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ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–‡ ใฏใ€ไป–ใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใŒ็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹
13:53
that one action must be completed before the other action can happen it is about
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ๅ‰ใซ 1 ใคใฎใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆ
14:00
emphasis okay they're essentially saying the same thing but one is placing more
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ใ„ใพใ™ ใใ‚Œใฏๅผท่ชฟใซใคใ„ใฆใงใ™ ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๆœฌ่ณช็š„ ใซๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒ
14:05
emphasis on the fact that something has to be completed before the other thing
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ใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Š้‡่ฆใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ไบ‹ๅฎŸใซ้‡็‚นใ‚’็ฝฎใ„ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ไป–ใฎใ“ใจใŒ่ตทใ“ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใชใ‘ใ‚Œ
14:11
can happen so they cannot grow their business until they get some investors
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ใฐใชใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ ไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฎๆŠ•่ณ‡ๅฎถใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใพใงใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚นใ‚’ๆˆ้•ทใ•ใ›ใ‚‹
14:16
it's kind of matter of fact they cannot grow their business until they've gotten
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ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๅฎŸ้š›ใฎใจใ“ใ‚ใ€
14:21
some investors meaning it's absolutely impossible for them to grow their
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ไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฎๆŠ•่ณ‡ๅฎถใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ™ใ‚‹ใพใงใƒ“ใ‚ธใƒใ‚น ใ‚’ๆˆ้•ทใ•ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใฏใงใใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
14:26
business until they've gotten some investors again essentially they are
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅ†ใณไฝ•ไบบใ‹ใฎๆŠ•่ณ‡ๅฎถใ‚’็ฒๅพ—ใ—ใพใ— ใŸ ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏ
14:30
saying the same thing the difference is very subtle but sometimes this emphasis
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ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ้•ใ„ใฏ ้žๅธธใซๅพฎๅฆ™ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใ„ใใคใ‹
14:35
is necessary if you're a freelancer for example a lot of freelancers take
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ใ‚ใชใŸใŒใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒฉใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใงใ‚ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใ€ใ“ใฎๅผท่ชฟใŒๅฟ…่ฆใงใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๅคšใใฎใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒฉใƒณใ‚ตใƒผ
14:40
payment after they've completed the work but then they run into experiences where
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ใฏไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๅฎŒไบ†ใ—ใŸๅพŒใซๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ„ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚Š
14:46
their client doesn't pay or they pay late so what I've done and the
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚คใ‚ขใƒณใƒˆใŒๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ‚ใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ„ใŒ ้…ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†็ตŒ้จ“ใซ้ญ้‡ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
14:49
freelancers that I work with they all say the same thing we do not begin our
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็งใŒไธ€็ท’ใซๅƒใ„ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใƒ•ใƒชใƒผใƒฉใƒณใ‚ตใƒผใฏ็š†
14:53
work until we have received the payment okay or we will not begin until we have
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ใ€ๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ„ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚‹ใพใงไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใชใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏๆœ€ๅˆใฎๆ”ฏๆ‰•ใ„ใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ๅ–ใ‚‹ใพใงไป•ไบ‹ ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใชใ„ใจใ„ใ†ๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจใ‚’่จ€ใฃ
14:59
received the first payment okay basically ensuring I need to receive
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15:04
payment first and then I will begin the work or then I will turn in the work or
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰็งใŒไป•ไบ‹ใ‚’
15:09
whatever the arrangement is okay so we can also use the present perfect with
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ๆๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใ‚ขใƒฌใƒณใ‚ธใŒไฝ•ใงใ‚ใ‚Œๅคงไธˆๅคซใชใฎใงใ€ๅ—ๅ‹•ๆ…‹ใง ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใงใ
15:14
the passive voice I know a lot of you guys hate the passive voice and you hate
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅคšใใฎไบบใŒๅ—ๅ‹•ๆ…‹ใ‚’ๅซŒใ„ใ€็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ใŒๅซŒใ„ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹
15:19
the present perfect so this is probably the worst combination in the world but
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ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚ŒใฏใŠใใ‚‰ใ ไธ–็•Œใงๆœ€ๆ‚ชใฎ็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใงใ™ใŒใ€
15:22
again my goal is to make it easy for you I hope I'm
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็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใพใ™ใŒใ€็งใฎ็›ฎๆจ™ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็ฐกๅ˜ใซใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚็ฐกๅ˜ใซใงใใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’้ก˜ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
15:24
making it easy please let me know in the comments if this is making more sense
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ใ“ใ‚ŒใŒใ‚ˆใ‚Š็†ใซใ‹ใชใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
15:28
okay so how do we do this how do we form the present perfect in the passive voice
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ๅ—ๅ‹•ๆ…‹ใฎ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝข
15:34
we use has or have plus been plus the past participle okay it's actually
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we has ใพใŸใฏ have plus been ใจ ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จ ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผ ใใ‚ŒใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ
15:41
pretty easy gold has been associated with wealth for centuries the lost dog
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ใ‹ใชใ‚Š็ฐกๅ˜ใงใ™ ้‡‘ใฏ ไฝ•ไธ–็ด€ใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใŸใฃใฆๅฏŒใจ้–ข้€ฃไป˜ใ‘ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใใพใ—ใŸ ่ฟทๅญใซใชใฃใŸ็Šฌ
15:48
has been found once the car has been washed then it can be painted remember
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ใฏใ€่ปŠใŒๆด—ใ‚ใ‚ŒใŸใ‚‰่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใ‚Šใ€ ใใ‚Œใ‹ใ‚‰ๅก—่ฃ…ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
15:55
in the passive construction we're not emphasizing the subject of the sentence
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็งใŸใกใŒๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ—ๅ‹•็š„ใชๆง‹้€ ใง่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ๆ–‡ใฎไธป่ชžใฏ
16:00
we're not emphasizing who does the action we are just emphasizing the
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ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ ่ชฐใŒใใฎ ใ‚ขใ‚ฏใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใ‚’่กŒใฃใŸใ‹ใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™ ็ตๆžœใ‚’ๅผท่ชฟใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ ใ‘ใงใ™
16:05
result okay like the lost dog has been found who found the dog we either don't
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่ฟทๅญใฎ็ŠฌใŒ่ฆ‹ใคใ‹ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซ
16:10
know or we don't care okay but the dog has been found yay next we're gonna talk
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ๆฌกใฏ
16:15
about how the present perfect can be used in sentence clauses now remember a
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ใ€ๆ–‡็ฏ€ใง็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใซใคใ„ใฆ่ชฌๆ˜Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
16:21
clause is simply a group of words where you need a group of words to express
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็ฏ€ใจใฏใ€ไฝ•ใ‹ ใ‚’่กจ็พใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใŒๅฟ…่ฆใชๅ˜ใชใ‚‹ๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๆ€ใ„ๅ‡บใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚
16:27
something okay but it's not exactly a complete idea let me give you some
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ใŸใ ใ—ใ€ ๅฎŒๅ…จใชใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ
16:31
examples so this makes sense whenever I've made up my mind okay
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ไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ็งใŒๆฑบๅฟƒ
16:36
whenever I've I have made up my mind so that is in the present perfect but when
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ใ—ใŸใจใใฏ
16:41
you hear that by itself does it make sense no because it's a clause it is a
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ใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
16:45
group of words but by itself it does not make sense whenever I've
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ๅ˜่ชžใฎใ‚ฐใƒซใƒผใƒ—ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใ‚Œใซใ‚ˆใฃใฆ ็งใŒๆฑบๅฟƒใ—ใŸใจใใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ใใ‚Œใฏๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ๆˆใ—ใพใ›ใ‚“
16:49
made up my mind but now let me put this in a sentence for you so you see the big
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16:53
picture and you see how this works I'll let you know my final decision
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16:57
whenever I've made up my mind okay I don't know what I'm gonna decide right
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. ๆฑบๅฟƒใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ไปŠไฝ•ใ‚’ๆฑบใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใฏใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒ
17:01
now but I will let you know my final decision
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ใ€ ๆฑบๅฟƒใ—ใŸ
17:04
whenever I've made up my mind okay next wait I've dropped this month that by
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ใจใใฏใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ๆœ€็ต‚ๆฑบๅฎšใ‚’ใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ› ใ—ใพใ™ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ๆฌกๅ›žใŠๅพ…ใกใใ ใ•ใ„
17:10
itself does not really make sense right but what if someone says oh my goodness
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็†ใซใ‹ใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใŒใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ€Œ
17:14
I cannot believe the weight I've dropped this month right we're talking a lot
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ใชใ‚“ใฆใ“ใจใ ใ€ไปŠๆœˆ่ฝใจใ—ใŸไฝ“้‡ใฏไฟกใ˜ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใชใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚‰ใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ‹ใ€‚
17:18
about diets in this video aren't we oh well okay
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใฏใ€ใƒ€ใ‚คใ‚จใƒƒใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใ‚’่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
17:22
I can't believe the weight I've dropped this month now we are going to do a
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ve ใฏไปŠๆœˆ่„ฑ่ฝใ— ใพใ—ใŸ ไปŠ
17:28
clause that is in past participle form okay which have been considered the most
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ใ€้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžๅฝขใฎ็ฏ€ใ‚’ใ‚„ใ‚ใ†ใจใ— ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ไฝ•ไธ–็ด€ใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใŸใฃใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚ไพกๅ€คใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฎ็Ÿณใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใฆใใŸ ใ‚ชใƒผใ‚ฑใƒผ ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ใงใฏ
17:33
valuable gemstone for centuries right that doesn't make sense
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ๆ„ๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ไฝ•ไธ–็ด€ใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใŸใฃ
17:37
alone which have been considered the most valuable gemstone for centuries now
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ใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚ไพกๅ€คใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฎ็Ÿณใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใฆใใŸ ใงใฏ
17:43
let me put it into a sentence diamonds which have been considered the most
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ใ€็งใซใ•ใ›ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ‚ปใƒณใƒใƒฅใƒชใซใจใฃใฆ ๆœ€ใ‚‚ไพกๅ€คใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฎ็Ÿณใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‰ใ‚ŒใฆใใŸใƒ€ใ‚คใƒคใƒขใƒณใƒ‰ ไฝ•ไธ–็ด€ใซใ‚‚ใ‚ใŸใฃ
17:47
valuable gemstone for centuries are actually not that rare diamonds which
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17:54
have been considered the most valuable gemstone for centuries are actually not
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ใฆๆœ€ใ‚‚ไพกๅ€คใฎใ‚ใ‚‹ๅฎ็Ÿณใจ่ฆ‹ใชใ•ใ‚ŒใฆใใŸๅธŒๅฐ‘ใชใƒ€ใ‚คใƒคใƒขใƒณใƒ‰ ใฏใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใใ‚ŒใปใฉๅธŒๅฐ‘ใง
17:59
that rare next although we've been friends for many years right that alone
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18:05
by itself is incomplete you can just hear that it's incomplete now let me
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ใฏใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ›ใ‚“.
18:09
finish it although we've been friends for many years we still disagree on many
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it ็งใŸใกใฏไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ใฎ้–“ๅ‹้”ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€็ง ใŸใกใฏใพใ ๅคšใใฎใ“ใจใซๆ„่ฆ‹ใŒๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Œ
18:15
things although we've been friends for many years we still disagree on many
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ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ็งใŸใกใฏไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ใฎ้–“ๅ‹้”ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€็ง ใŸใกใฏใพใ ๅคšใใฎ
18:20
things ok so now we are going to cover some common phrases that we use with the
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ใ“ใจใซๆ„่ฆ‹ใŒ ๅˆ†ใ‹ใ‚Œใฆ
18:25
present perfect tense okay now it's really great to have these phrases in
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ใ„ใพใ™ ใ•ใฆใ€ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’ใƒฌใƒ‘ใƒผใƒˆใƒชใƒผใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎใƒ•ใƒฌใƒผใ‚บใ‚’
18:29
your repertoire okay to just have them in your mind and your memory at the
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้ ญใฎไธญใซๅ…ฅใ‚Œใฆ
18:34
front of your brains
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ใ€่„ณใฎๅ‰ใซ่จ˜ๆ†ถใ—
18:40
so you can just use them whenever you
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ใฆใŠใใ“ใจใงใ€ๅฟ…่ฆใชใจใใซใ„ใคใงใ‚‚ไฝฟ็”จใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™
18:42
need them the first one is where have you been
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18:45
okay hey where have you been like let's say someone has been your I don't know
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ใ€‚ ็งใฏ
18:49
your dad your mom I don't do you live with your dad in your mom maybe your
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŠ็ˆถใ•ใ‚“ใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚Šใพใ› ใ‚“ ใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŠๆฏใ•ใ‚“ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใฎใŠ็ˆถใ•ใ‚“ใจไธ€็ท’ใซไฝใ‚“ใง
18:52
wife your husband your your kid I don't know someone's been gone all day and
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ใ„ใพใ› ใ‚“ ใใ—ใฆ
18:57
they come back and you're like hey where have you been like you you don't know so
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ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏc ๆˆปใฃใฆใใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏใฉใ“ใซ ใ„ใŸใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€
19:00
you're asking okay where where you been where have you been next I haven't seen
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ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ใฉใ“ใซใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹ใ€ๆฌกใฏใฉใ“
19:05
her in years or I haven't seen him in years or I haven't seen them in years
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ใซใ„ใŸใฎใงใ™ใ‹๏ผŸ ไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚ใฎ้–“ใ€ใพใŸใฏไฝ•ๅนด
19:09
okay I haven't something that hasn't happened for a long time and continues
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ใ‚‚่ฆ‹ใฆใ„ใชใ„ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ้•ทใ„้–“่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ ใŒ
19:14
to not happen that's a little bit awkward because it's a negative sentence
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ใ€ใพใ ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ ๅฆๅฎš็š„ใชๆ–‡ใชใฎใงๅฐ‘ใ—ใŽใ“ใกใชใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€่€ƒใˆใฆ
19:18
but it still makes sense logically if you think about it something that hasn't
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ใฟใ‚Œใฐ่ซ–็†็š„ใซใฏ็†ใซใ‹ใชใฃ ใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใใ‚Œใฏ่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ไปŠใ‚‚
19:22
happened and continues to not happen right okay maybe draw a diagram so that
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่ตทใ“ใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจ ใงใ™ ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ๅคšๅˆ†ใใ‚ŒใŒ็†่งฃใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ›ณใ‚’ๆใ„ใฆ
19:28
can make sense or something if you're struggling with it we haven't talked in
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ใใ ใ•ใ„ ใพใŸใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใใ‚Œใซ ่‹ฆๅŠดใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใชใ‚‰ใ€
19:32
ages we haven't talked in ages I haven't heard from him in a while
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็งใŸใกใฏไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ ็งใŸใกใฏไฝ•ๅนดใ‚‚่ฉฑใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใๅฝผใ‹ใ‚‰้€ฃ็ตกใŒใชใ‹ใฃใŸ ใ—ใฐใ‚‰ใๅฝผใ‹ใ‚‰้€ฃ็ตก
19:36
I haven't heard from him in a while I haven't gotten around to that yet
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ใŒใชใ‹ใฃใŸ ็งใฏใพใ 
19:39
so for example Renzo has been asking me to make a rather important phone call
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ใใ‚Œใซใคใ„ใฆ่ฉฑใ—ๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใชใ„ใฎใงใ€ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒฌใƒณใ‚พใฏ็ง ใซๆ•ฐ้€ฑ้–“ใ‹ใชใ‚Š้‡่ฆใช้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’ใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ้ ผใ‚“ใงใ„ใพใ—ใŸ
19:43
for a couple weeks I have been so busy I literally haven't gotten around to it
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็งใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฟ™ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใงใ™ ๆ–‡ๅญ—้€šใ‚Šใ€ใพใ ๅ–ใ‚ŠๆŽ›ใ‹ใฃใฆ
19:47
yet okay I haven't been able to do it or in my case I have not prioritized it
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ใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ๅคงไธˆๅคซใงใ™ใ€‚ใพใ ใงใใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใพใŸใฏ ใ€็งใฎๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ๅ„ชๅ…ˆ้ †ไฝใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ‚‚ๅ„ชๅ…ˆใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚
19:52
above the other things I've been doing just because I've been so busy next I've
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ๆฌกใฏใจใฆใ‚‚ๅฟ™ใ—ใ‹ใฃใŸใจใ„ใ†็†็”ฑใ ใ‘ใงไป–ใฎใ“ใจใ‚’ใ—
19:56
had a rough day or some people might say I've had a tough day I tend to use rough
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ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ ๅคงๅค‰ใชๆ—ฅใ ใฃใŸใ€ใพใŸใฏๅคงๅค‰ใชๆ—ฅใ ใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ†ไบบใ‚‚ใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใชใ„ ใƒฉใƒ•ใช่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ๅ‚พๅ‘ใŒใ‚ใ‚‹
20:01
I don't know why it just feels better I've had a rough day okay tough just
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ใชใœๆฐ—ๅˆ†ใŒ่‰ฏใใชใ‚‹ใฎใ‹ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰ใชใ„ ็งใฏๅคงๅค‰ใชไธ€ๆ—ฅใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ๅคงไธˆๅคซ ใจใซใ‹ใๅŽณใ—ใ„
20:05
seems anyways but people do use it okay I've had a great day I've had a rough
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใงใ™ใŒใ€ไบบใ€…ใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใพใ™ ๅคงไธˆๅคซ ็งใฏ็ด ๆ™ดใ‚‰ใ—ใ„ๆ—ฅใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ ๅคงๅค‰ใชๆ—ฅใ‚’้Žใ”ใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
20:10
day I've had a great time another one is have we met before
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20:14
if you're meeting somebody and you're not sure I think this is a pick-up line
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่ชฐใ‹ใซไผšใฃใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ็ขบไฟกใŒๆŒใฆใพใ›ใ‚“ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ
20:18
that guys use also have we met before when they no they didn't actually meet
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็”ทๆ€งใŒไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฃ่ชฌใๆ–‡ๅฅใ ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ ไปฅๅ‰ใซไผšใฃ ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใซใ€ๅฝผใ‚‰ใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใใฎไบบใซไผšใฃใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“
20:22
the person anyways I could be wrong but I feel like I've seen that in movies a
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ใจใซใ‹ใ็งใฏ้–“้•ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“ใŒใ€ ็งใฏใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใชๆฐ—ใŒใ—ใพใ™ ๆ˜ ็”ปใง
20:26
couple times so it probably happens if you're a guy maybe you can try that and
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ๆ•ฐๅ›žใ€ ใŠใใ‚‰ใใ‚ใชใŸใŒ็”ทใชใ‚‰ใใ‚Œใ‚’่ฉฆใ™ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚‚ใ—ใ‚Œใพใ›ใ‚“.ใใ‚ŒใŒ
20:30
just you know let us know if it works in the comments next has anyone seen my and
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ใ†ใพใใ„ใใ‹ใฉใ†ใ‹ใ‚’ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใŠ็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใ›ใใ ใ•ใ„
20:34
then whatever you're looking for has anyone seen my keys has anyone seen my
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ใ€‚ ใ‚ญใƒผ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใฎ
20:38
wallet has anyone seen my baby I'm just kidding has anyone seen my phone okay so
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่ฒกๅธƒใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใฎ่ตคใกใ‚ƒใ‚“ใ‚’ ่ฆ‹ใŸ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒ็งใฎ้›ป่ฉฑใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸ
20:44
that pretty much covers the ways the many ways that we use the present
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20:48
perfect tense again if you really wanted to
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ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ
20:50
into this and keep studying and get lots of examples then please download the
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ใ“ใ‚Œใซ่ˆˆๅ‘ณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๅ‹‰ๅผทใ‚’็ถšใ‘ใฆๅคšใใฎไพ‹ใ‚’ๅ–ๅพ—ใ—ใŸใ„ๅ ดๅˆ
20:55
guide that I've linked in the description it's absolutely free and I'm
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ใฏใ€่ชฌๆ˜Žใงใƒชใƒณใ‚ฏใ—ใŸใ‚ฌใ‚คใƒ‰ใ‚’ใƒ€ใ‚ฆใƒณใƒญใƒผใƒ‰ใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏ ๅฎŒๅ…จใซ็„กๆ–™ใงใ™ใ€‚
20:59
still as at the point of making this video I am still working on it it's
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ไฝœๆˆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๆ™‚็‚นใง ใ‚‚ใ€ใพใ ไฝœๆฅญไธญใงใ™ใ€‚
21:04
almost finished but it's already like 10 pages long okay I'm trying to make it as
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ใปใผๅฎŒๆˆใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใŒใ€ใ™ใงใซ 10 ใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใฎ้•ทใ•ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใงใใ‚‹้™ใ‚Š็ฐกๆฝ”ใซใ—ใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„
21:08
concise as possible but the reality is there's so much information to share and
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ใพใ™ใŒใ€ๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏ ใ€ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ๆƒ…ๅ ฑใ‚„ไพ‹ใŒใŸใใ•ใ‚“ใ‚ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚
21:15
examples that I want to give you so that it all comes together and makes sense so
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ใ€ใ™ในใฆใ‚’ใพใจใ‚ใฆไฝœๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
21:19
it's a bit long but I think you're really going to like it and I think it's
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ๅฐ‘ใ—้•ทใ„ใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใฃใจๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใฆใ„ใŸใ ใ‘ใ‚‹ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’็ต‚ไบ†ใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใซ
21:22
gonna help this whole tense make sense now before I end this video I just want
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ใ€ใ“ใฎๅ…จไฝ“ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝข
21:27
to share a couple mistakes that people make with the present perfect tense so
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ใงไบบใ€…ใŒ็Šฏใ™ใ„ใใคใ‹ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’ๅ…ฑๆœ‰ใ—ใŸใ„ใจๆ€ใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚
21:32
that you can avoid these mistakes the first mistake is basically not knowing
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ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใ‚’้ฟใ‘ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใ‚‹ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ ๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏใ€ๅŸบๆœฌ็š„ใซ
21:37
your past participles you have got to memorize the past participles because if
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้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ใ“ใจใงใ™ใ€‚้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใ‚’่ฆšใˆใชใ‘ใ‚Œ
21:42
you don't you will use these incorrectly so to give you an example of this and to
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ใฐใชใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚่ฆšใˆใฆใ„ใชใ„ใจใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’้–“้•ใฃใฆไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใซใชใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ ใ€ใ“ใฎไพ‹ใ‚’็คบใ—ใ€
21:47
throw Renzo under the bus a little bit when we were dating it had been like a
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Renzo ใ‚’ไธ‹ใซๆŠ•ใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒใ‚นใ‚ขใƒช ็งใŸใกใŒไป˜ใๅˆใฃใฆใ„ใŸใจใใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
21:52
few months or something like that and when he realized how quickly the time
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ๆ•ฐใƒถๆœˆใ‹ใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใชใ‚‚ใฎใ ใฃใŸใฎใงใ™ใŒใ€ ๅฝผใŒๆ™‚้–“ใฎ็ตŒ้Žใฎ้€Ÿใ•ใซๆฐ—ใฅใ„ใŸใจใ
21:57
had gone by he said Wow time has really flowed up hasn't it and I was like
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ใ€ๅฝผใฏ่จ€ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ใ™ใ”ใ„ๆ™‚้–“ ใฏๆœฌๅฝ“ใซๆตใ‚Œใพใ—ใŸ
22:02
flowed up what is this guy talking about for those of you who don't know my
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ใญใ€‚ ็งใฎๅคซใŒ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ๆฏๅ›ฝ่ชžใจใ—ใชใ„ใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใ‚‰ใชใ„ไบบใฎใŸใ‚ใซ่ฉฑใ—ใพใ™.็ง
22:07
husband is not a native English speaker and when we met his English was not that
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ใŸใกใŒไผšใฃใŸใจใใ€ๅฝผใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใฏใใ‚ŒใปใฉไธŠๆ‰‹ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸ.
22:12
good okay so anyways he said time had really he said time had really
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ใจใซใ‹ใใ€ ๅฝผใฏๆ™‚้–“ใŒๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ
22:17
flowed up and when I finally realized what he was trying to say I was like oh
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ๆตใ‚ŒใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ ใพใ—ใŸ. ๅฝผใฏ็งใŒใพใ‚‹ใง oh
22:22
my gosh he was trying to say that time had flown by
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my gosh ๅฝผใŒ่จ€ใŠใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใŸ ๆ™‚้–“ ใฏ้ŽใŽๅŽปใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ‹ใฃใŸ
22:27
so yeah memorize your past participles another mistake that I've seen is
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ใฎใง ้ŽๅŽปๅˆ†่ฉžใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ็งใŒ่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ใคใฎ้–“้•ใ„ใฏใ€
22:33
students using contractions where they shouldn't use contractions let me give
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ๅญฆ็”ŸใŒ ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใ†ในใใงใฏใชใ„ใจใ“ใ‚ใซ็Ÿญ็ธฎๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจ
22:37
you an example if someone asks you have you seen that movie you can say yeah or
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ใงใ™ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€่ชฐใ‹ใŒ ใใฎๆ˜ ็”ปใ‚’่ฆ‹ใŸใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ‹ใจๅฐ‹ใญใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใฏใ„ใ€ใฏใ„ใ€ใพใŸใฏใฏใ„ใจ็ญ”ใˆใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚
22:43
yes or yes I have okay but don't say yes I've yes I've okay don't contract it
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22:50
right there contractions don't go at the end of
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22:54
sentences they go at the beginning or somewhere in the middle so don't end
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ๆ–‡ใฎๆœ€ๅˆใ‹ ้€”ไธญใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใฎใง
22:59
your sentence with a contraction next if someone says have you gone to the bank
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ใ€ๆ–‡ใ‚’็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚‰ใ›ใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ ่ชฐใ‹ใŒใ‚ใชใŸใŒ้Š€่กŒใซ่กŒใฃใŸใจ่จ€ใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆ
23:04
and your answer is yes you know that you went this morning don't say yes I have
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ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฎ็ญ”ใˆใฏใ‚คใ‚จใ‚นใงใ™ ใ‚ใชใŸใฏไปŠๆœ่กŒใฃใŸใ“ใจใ‚’็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ ใฏใ„ใจใฏ่จ€ใ‚ใชใ„ ็งใฏ
23:08
gone to the bank this morning because this morning indicates a specific time
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ไปŠๆœ้Š€่กŒใซ่กŒใฃ
23:13
and remember with the present perfect we're not indicating a specific time you
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ใŸ ๅฎŒ็’ง ใงใ™ ็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็คบใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
23:17
could say yes I've gone to the bank but if you're going to indicate a specific
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ใพใ›ใ‚“ ใฏใ„ใ€็งใฏ้Š€่กŒใซ ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸใŒใ€็‰นๅฎšใฎๆ™‚้–“ใ‚’็คบใ™ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€
23:20
time you need to use the past simple and say yes I went to the bank this morning
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ๅ˜็ด”ใช้ŽๅŽปๅฝขใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ€Œใฏใ„ใ€ใจ่จ€ใ†ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Š ใพใ™ ็งใฏไปŠๆœ้Š€่กŒใซ่กŒใใพใ—ใŸ
23:25
okay the last thing I want to say is that in sentences we can often combine
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ใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸ ๆœ€ๅพŒใซ่จ€ใ„ใŸใ„ใฎใฏ ใ€ๆ–‡็ซ ใงใฏ
23:31
multiple tenses in this video I tried to give you sentences that focused mainly
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎ่ค‡ๆ•ฐ
23:37
on the present perfect without combining any other tenses because I don't know
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ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ˆใใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ“ใจใงใ™
23:41
how well you know those tenses and I didn't want to confuse you but for
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็ง ใฏใ‚ใชใŸใ‚’ๆททไนฑใ•ใ›ใŸใใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใงใ—ใŸใŒใ€
23:44
example the sentence have you ever wondered what life would be like if
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ๆบๅธฏ้›ป่ฉฑใŒ็™บๆ˜Žใ•ใ‚Œใชใ‹ใฃ ใŸใ‚‰ไบบ็”Ÿใฏใฉใ†ใชใ‚‹ใฎใ ใ‚ใ†ใจๆ€ใฃใŸใ“ใจใฏใ‚ใ‚Š
23:48
cellphones had never been invented have you ever wondered that is in the present
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ใพใ™ใ‹ใจใ„ใ†ๆ–‡ใฏใ€็พๅœจ
23:53
perfect tense but everything that comes after that is in different tenses okay
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ๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝขใงใ™ใŒใ€ใใฎๅพŒใซ็ถšใใ‚‚ใฎใฏใ™ในใฆๅˆฅใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใงใ™ใ€‚
23:58
so we can combine conditional tenses present perfect past perfect past simple
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ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ๆกไปถไป˜ใๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’็ต„ใฟๅˆใ‚ใ›ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ็พๅœจๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝข ้ŽๅŽปๅฎŒไบ†ๅฝข ้ŽๅŽปๅฝข ใ‚ทใƒณใƒ—ใƒซ
24:03
future etc but there's always going to be a rhyme and a reason to everything it
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ๆœชๆฅๅฝขใชใฉใงใ™ใŒ ใ€ใ™ในใฆใซใฏๅธธใซ้Ÿปใจ็†็”ฑใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
24:08
all depends on the specific idea you're trying to communicate so remember that
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ใ™ในใฆใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใŒไผใˆใ‚ˆใ†ใจใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹็‰นๅฎšใฎใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใซไพๅญ˜ใ—ใพใ™
24:12
grammar is very precise it's used to communicate very specific ideas as you
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ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใฏ้žๅธธใซๆญฃ็ขบใงใ‚ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’่ฆšใˆใฆใŠใ„ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„
24:17
saw earlier in this video a small difference can make a very subtle change
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ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ‰ๅŠใง่ฆ‹ใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€้žๅธธใซๅ…ทไฝ“็š„ใชใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใ‚’ไผใˆใพใ™ใ€‚ๅฐใ•ใช ้•ใ„ใŒๆ–‡ใซ้žๅธธใซๅพฎๅฆ™ใชๅค‰ๅŒ–ใ‚’ใ‚‚ใŸใ‚‰ใ™ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€
24:22
in a sentence but it's still a change nonetheless the constructions don't mean
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ใใ‚Œใงใ‚‚ๅค‰ๅŒ–ใงใ‚ใ‚‹ ใซใ‚‚ใ‹ใ‹ใ‚ใ‚‰ใšใ€ๆง‹ๆ–‡ใฏ
24:27
exactly the same thing so a lot of this might not make sense in the beginning
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ใพใฃใŸใๅŒใ˜ใ“ใจ ใ‚’ๆ„ๅ‘ณใ™ใ‚‹ใ‚ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใŸใ‚ใ€ใ“ใฎๅคšใใฏๆ–‡็ซ ใงใฏๆ„ๅ‘ณใ‚’ใชใ•ใชใ„ๅฏ่ƒฝๆ€งใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅง‹ใพใ‚Šใงใ™
24:32
but now that you're aware of it and as you see this tense more and more
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ใŒใ€ไปŠใฏใใ‚Œใซๆฐ—ใฅใใ€ ใ“ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใ‚’ใพใ™ใพใ™่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใซใคใ‚Œใฆใ€ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ๆ™‚ๅˆถ
24:35
and more you will start to internalize this grammar tense you'll start to
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ใ‚’ๅ†…้ขๅŒ–ใ— ๅง‹ใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ๅคงไธˆๅคซใ ใจ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใชใ
24:39
understand how to construct it naturally without having to think okay I have to
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ใ€่‡ช็„ถใซใใ‚Œใ‚’ๆง‹็ฏ‰ใ™ใ‚‹ๆ–นๆณ•ใ‚’็†่งฃใ—ๅง‹ใ‚ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
24:43
put the subject here in the past participle here and this you won't have
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ไธป่ชž ใ“ใ“ ้ŽๅŽป ๅˆ†่ฉž ใใ—ใฆใ“ใ‚Œ ใใ‚Œ
24:46
to think about any of that and you'll start to understand the tense the way
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ใซใคใ„ใฆ่€ƒใˆใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใฏใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ›ใ‚“ใ€‚ใƒใ‚คใƒ†ใ‚ฃใƒ– ใ‚นใƒ”ใƒผใ‚ซใƒผ ใฎๆ™‚ๅˆถใฎไฝฟใ„ๆ–นใ‚’็†่งฃใ™ใ‚‹
24:50
native speakers do where we just know how to use it but we might not even be
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ใ‚ˆใ†ใซใชใ‚‹
24:55
able to explain how we know or why it needs to be used that way we just say I
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ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใŸใกใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็Ÿฅใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ€ใพใŸใฏใชใœใใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝฟ็”จใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚‹ใ‹ใ‚’่ชฌๆ˜Žใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ€็งใŸใก ใฏใŸใ ่จ€ใ†ใ ใ‘
25:00
don't know that's the way that's right that's the way it's supposed to be used
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25:03
okay so that is it thank you so much for watching this video again give it a
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ใงใ™ใ€‚
25:08
thumbs up if you liked it subscribe to this channel if you're are subscribe to
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ๆฐ—ใซๅ…ฅใฃใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏ้ซ˜ใ่ฉ•ไพกใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ“ใฎใƒใƒฃใƒณใƒใƒซใ‚’่ณผ่ชญใ—ใฆ
25:11
this channel if you're not a subscriber yet and again if this video gets to
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ใ„ใ‚‹ๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ใพใ ่ณผ่ชญใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ„ๅ ดๅˆใฏ่ณผ่ชญใ—ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ ใ“ใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใŒ
25:15
10,000 likes then I will know that you guys really appreciated this grammar
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10,000ใ„ใ„ใญใซ้”ใ—ใŸๅ ดๅˆใฏใ€ ็š†ใ•ใ‚“ใŒใ“ใฎๆ–‡ๆณ•ใ‚’ๆœฌๅฝ“ใซ้ซ˜ใ่ฉ•ไพกใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
25:19
lesson and want more just let me know in the comments which grammar lesson you
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ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใจใ‚‚ใฃใจๆฌฒใ—ใ„ ใ‚ณใƒกใƒณใƒˆใงใ€ๆฌกใซๆฌฒใ—ใ„ๆ–‡ๆณ•ใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’ๆ•™ใˆ
25:23
want next and don't forget to check out Lingoda alright you guys that is it and
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ใฆใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚Lingodaใ‚’ใƒใ‚งใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚’ๅฟ˜ใ‚Œใชใ„ใงใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใง
25:29
I will see you in the next video bye
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ใ€ๆฌกใฎใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใงใŠไผšใ„ใ—ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
ใ“ใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใซใคใ„ใฆ

ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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