How to Build a Global Pro-Democracy Movement | Yordanos Eyoel | TED

43,403 views ใƒป 2023-12-22

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์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

๋ฒˆ์—ญ: HoSeok Kim ๊ฒ€ํ† : DK Kim
00:04
It is September 1991.
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1991๋…„ 9์›”์˜ ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:07
I'm wearing my new green and white uniform,
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์ €๋Š” ์ดˆ๋ก์™€ ํฐ์ƒ‰ ์ƒˆ ๊ต๋ณต์„ ์ž…๊ณ ,
00:10
and I show up to my second grade class with both excitement and trepidation.
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๊ธฐ๋Œ€์™€ ๋‘๋ ค์›€์— ๊ฐ€๋“์ฐจ์„œ 2ํ•™๋…„ ๊ต์‹ค์— ๋“ค์–ด๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:16
It should have been a walk in the park,
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๊ทธ๊ฑด ์•„๋ฌด ์ผ๋„ ์•„๋‹ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ
์ œ 1ํ•™๋…„ ์ˆ˜์—…์€ ์ฟ ๋ฐํƒ€๋กœ ์ค‘๋‹จ๋˜์—ˆ๊ฑฐ๋“ ์š”.
00:18
but my first grade year was disrupted by a coup dโ€™รฉtat,
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00:22
which was a culmination of a 17-year civil war in Ethiopia.
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17๋…„๊ฐ„ ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง„ ์—ํ‹ฐ์˜คํ”ผ์•„ ๋‚ด์ „์ด ํ•œ์ฐฝ์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
00:27
As a second grader,
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2ํ•™๋…„์ด ๋œ ์ €๋Š”
00:29
I was now emerging back into the world after months of lockdown.
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๋ช‡ ๋‹ฌ ๊ฐ„์˜ ๋ด‰์‡„๊ฐ€ ๋๋‚œ ํ›„ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์„ธ์ƒ์— ๋‚˜์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:34
What should have been this euphoric moment to reunite with my friends,
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์นœ๊ตฌ๋“ค๊ณผ ์žฌํšŒํ•˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ์œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๋˜ ๊ทธ ์‹œ๊ธฐ๋Š”
00:39
however, became one of the most haunting moments of my life,
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์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์•„์ฃผ ์ถฉ๊ฒฉ์ ์ธ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„๋“ค ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด
00:42
shaping both my worldview and my future life's work.
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์ €์˜ ์„ธ๊ณ„๊ด€๊ณผ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์˜ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:46
You see, in my prior six years of life, up until this point,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ์ด ์‹œ์  ์ด์ „ 6๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ,
00:51
I had no idea that I was a multiethnic individual
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์—ํ‹ฐ์˜คํ”ผ์•„์˜ ๊ด€์ ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฏผ์กฑ ํ˜ผํ˜ˆ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์ „ํ˜€ ๋ชฐ๋ž์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:54
in the Ethiopian context.
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00:57
I knew my parents belonged to different ethnic tribes,
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๋ถ€๋ชจ๋‹˜์ด ์„œ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฏผ์กฑ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑด ์•Œ์•˜์ง€๋งŒ,
01:00
but I had not assigned meaning to these labels.
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋”ฑ์ง€์— ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ถ€์—ฌํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“  ๊ทธ 9์›”,
01:04
But that formative September,
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01:05
I began to realize the political significance
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์ €๋Š” ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ํ†ต์น˜ ์ •๋ถ€์— ์˜ํ•ด ์ฒด๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์กฐ์ง๋œ
01:09
of each of my identities
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01:11
as systematically orchestrated by the new ruling government.
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๊ฐ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์˜ ์ •์น˜์  ์ค‘์š”์„ฑ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:16
So as any child trying to fit in and avoid bullying,
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์—ฌ๋Š ์•„์ด๋“ค์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋”ฐ๋Œ๋ฆผ์„ ํ”ผํ•˜๊ณ  ์ ์‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด,
01:20
I began the journey of claiming one ethnic identity, my father's,
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์ €๋Š” ์•„๋ฒ„์ง€์ชฝ ๋ฏผ์กฑ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ๋‚ด์„ธ์šฐ๊ณ 
01:25
and hiding the other, my mother's.
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์–ด๋จธ๋‹ˆ์ชฝ์˜ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ์„ ์ˆจ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:28
I spent my entire childhood navigating this identity minefield.
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์–ด๋ฆฐ ์‹œ์ ˆ ๋‚ด๋‚ด ์ด ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ ์ง€๋ขฐ๋ฐญ์„ ํ—ค์ณ๋‚˜๊ฐ€๋ฉฐ ๋ณด๋ƒˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:35
Eventually, at 13, I immigrated to the US.
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๊ฒฐ๊ตญ 13์‚ด์— ์ €๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋ฏผ์„ ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:39
And let me tell you what I learned.
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฐ์šด ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
๋ฐฐ์ œ๋Š” ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:42
Exclusion -- it's global.
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01:44
You see, whether in a quasidemocracy like Ethiopia
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์—ํ‹ฐ์˜คํ”ผ์•„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ค€๋ฏผ์ฃผ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ 
01:49
or a developed one like the United States,
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๊ฐ™์€ ์„ ์ง„ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ๊ตญ๊ฐ€๋“ ,
01:52
we are confronted with the ideology of both inclusion and othering.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํฌ์šฉ๊ณผ ๋ฐฐ์ œ๋ผ๋Š” ์ด๋ฐ์˜ฌ๋กœ๊ธฐ์— ์ง๋ฉดํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:58
So the question becomes,
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๋ฌธ์ œ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
how do we build societies that are both functional and inclusive?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ธฐ๋Šฅ์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ํฌ์šฉ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌํšŒ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
02:03
This is a question I've been wrestling with since second grade.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ œ๊ฐ€ 2ํ•™๋…„ ๋•Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ณ„์† ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•ด ์˜จ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ €๋Š” ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ ๋‹ต์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ตณ๊ฒŒ ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:08
I strongly believe the answer is democracy.
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02:12
This is not to say democracy as we have it today is perfect.
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๊ณ  ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์™„๋ฒฝํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๋ง์€ ์•„๋‹™๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
In fact, it is struggling in so many ways,
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์‚ฌ์‹ค, ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋Œ€ํ‘œ์„ฑ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ
02:20
including in being effective and representative.
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๋งŽ์€ ๋ฉด์—์„œ ๋ฌธ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๊ฐœ์ธ์˜ ์„ ํƒ๊ณผ ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ๋ชฉ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฐ€์น˜๊ฐ€ ๋‚ด์žฌ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์–ด์„œ,
02:23
However, with its inherent values of individual choice and collective voice,
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02:29
democracy is the most compelling vision we have for self-governance.
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ž์น˜ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:34
So straightening democracy has become my life's work.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•ํ™”ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ œ ์ธ์ƒ์˜ ๊ณผ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:37
In 2022, I founded the nonpartisan, nonprofit organization Keseb
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2022๋…„์— ์ €๋Š” ๋น„๋‹นํŒŒ์  ๋น„์˜๋ฆฌ ๋‹จ์ฒด์ธ ์ผ€์…‰์„ ์„ค๋ฆฝํ•ด์„œ
02:42
to address two challenges facing democracy:
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์ง๋ฉดํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ณผ์ œ๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
the rise of authoritarianism and the need to reimagine democracy.
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์ฆ‰, ๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜์˜ ๋ถ€์ƒ๊ณผ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์žฌ๊ตฌ์ƒํ•  ํ•„์š”์„ฑ์ด์ฃ .
02:52
These are enormous challenges that I'm talking about,
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ง์”€๋“œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ๊ฑฐ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๊ณผ์ œ๋“ค์ด๋ฉฐ,
02:55
and addressing them requires a global pro-democracy movement.
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์ด๋ฅผ ํ•ด๊ฒฐํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฏผ์ฃผํ™” ์šด๋™์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:00
So how do we do it? How do we build this movement?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ• ๊นŒ์š”? ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ด ์šด๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„๊นŒ์š”?
๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค์–ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:04
I believe we need to make democracy inspiring.
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ์šด๋™์—์„œ ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋” ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋ฉฐ,
03:07
We need to accelerate the pace of innovation
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03:10
in the pro-democracy movement,
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03:12
and we as a global community need to come together
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๊ตญ์ œ ๊ธฐ๊ตฌ๋กœ์„œ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ์„ฑ์„ ์ˆ˜์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
03:16
to embrace our interconnectedness.
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์—ฌ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:18
I'll explain what I mean.
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๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ์ง€ ์„ค๋ช…๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
Let's start with: make democracy inspiring and relevant.
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๋จผ์ € ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๊ณ  ๊ด€๋ จ์„ฑ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:25
For a few decades now, democracy has been in crisis.
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์ˆ˜์‹ญ ๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:29
We have to ask, why is this happening?
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์™œ ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ๋ฒŒ์–ด์ง€๋Š”์ง€ ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:32
In my work, we have found four key drivers:
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์ œ ์—ฐ๊ตฌ์—์„œ๋Š” ์ฃผ์š” ์š”์ธ์„ ๋„ค ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐœ๊ฒฌํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
economic change and inequality;
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๊ฒฝ์ œ์  ๋ณ€ํ™”์™€ ๋ถˆํ‰๋“ฑ,
03:38
dysfunctional and unregulated information ecosystems;
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๊ธฐ๋Šฅํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ  ๊ทœ์ œ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ •๋ณด ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„,
03:42
rapid demographic changes;
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๊ธ‰๊ฒฉํ•œ ์ธ๊ตฌ ๋ณ€ํ™”,
03:45
and finally, the interplay between opportunistic populist leaders
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ๊ธฐํšŒ์ฃผ์˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋Œ€์ค‘์— ์˜ํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค๊ณผ
๊ธฐํšŒ์ฃผ์˜์  ์ •์น˜ ์—˜๋ฆฌํŠธ๋“ค์˜ ์ƒํ˜ธ ์ž‘์šฉ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
and political elites.
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03:51
Collectively, these forces are driving the crisis of democracy globally.
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์š”์ธ๋“ค์ด ํ•ฉ์ณ์ ธ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์ธ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์ดˆ๋ž˜ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:58
This has left many people feeling disillusioned
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ๋งŽ์€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ํ™˜๋ฉธ์„ ๋Š๋ผ๊ณ 
04:01
and thus more susceptible to manipulation by authoritarian narratives,
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๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜์ ์ธ ์„œ์‚ฌ์— ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฐ›๊ฒŒ ๋˜๋ฉฐ,
04:07
activating what researchers call the โ€œauthoritarian reflex,โ€
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ์ž๋“ค์ด '๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜์  ๋ฐ˜์‚ฌ ์ž‘์šฉ'์ด๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ™œ์„ฑํ™”ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ
์ด๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋‹ต๊ณผ ์•ˆ์ „์„ ์›ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๊ณผ ๊นŠ์€ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:12
which is really about people's desire for answers and security.
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04:16
Authoritarian leaders are exploiting this
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๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜ ์ง€๋„์ž๋“ค์€
04:18
by offering very simplistic
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•˜๊ณ  ํ”ํžˆ ๋ฏผ์กฑ์ฃผ์˜์ ์ด๋ฉฐ ์ž˜๋ชป๋œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์„ ์ œ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ
04:21
and often ethnonationalist and malinformed solutions
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04:25
to address our everyday challenges,
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์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๊ณผ์ œ์— ์ด๋ฅผ ์•…์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:27
like building a wall to promote security.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ์•ˆ์ „์„ ์ฆ์ง„ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์žฅ๋ฒฝ์„ ์„ธ์šฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด์ฃ .
04:31
And unfortunately, they're succeeding.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋ถˆํ–‰ํžˆ๋„ ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์„ฑ๊ณตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:34
To make democracy inspiring,
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๋„๋ก ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด
04:37
we have to tell a better story about democracy.
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋‚˜์€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์งˆ๋ฌธ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“œ๋ฆฌ์ฃ .
04:41
Let me ask you this.
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์ƒˆ๋ฒฝ ์ผ์ฐ ์ž ์ด ๊นจ์–ด
04:42
Have you ever found yourself waking up before sunrise,
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ํ˜„์žฌ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์–ด๋–ค์ง€ ๊ณ ๋ฏผํ•ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
04:45
thinking about the state of democracy?
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04:47
(Laughter)
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(์›ƒ์Œ)
04:48
No? I mean, I do. It's my job.
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์—†๋‚˜์š”? ์ €๋Š” ์žˆ์–ด์š”, ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ œ ์ผ์ด์ฃ .
04:50
But I'm sure there are lots of you who do as well.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„ ์ค‘์—๋„ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ถ„๋“ค์ด ๋งŽ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:53
But the vast majority of us,
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€
04:55
we wake up thinking about food, our families,
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์Œ์‹, ๊ฐ€์กฑ, ๊ฑด๊ฐ•, ์ง์—… ๋“ฑ,
04:59
our health, our jobs,
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์ผ์ƒ ์ƒํ™œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ž ์—์„œ ๊นจ์–ด๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:01
the day-to-day life matters.
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05:04
Compared to these issues, often democracy seems so distant.
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ๋ฌธ์ œ๋“ค์— ๋น„ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ํ”ํžˆ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋จผ์ผ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋Š๊ปด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
But it isn't.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:10
It is embedded in everything that affects our daily life.
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋Š” ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์ผ์ƒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋‚ดํฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:14
We fight authoritarianism not only through elections,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜์— ๋งž์„œ ์‹ธ์šธ ๋•Œ ์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ
05:18
but also through a compelling pro-democracy narrative
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์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผํ™” ์„œ์‚ฌ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:21
that is both practical and inspirational.
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์‹ค์šฉ์ ์ธ ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š”
05:25
Practical in that it speaks to how democracy meets our everyday needs
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์ผ์ƒ ํ•„์š”๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š”์ง€์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋งํ•˜๊ณ ,
05:30
and inspirational in that it addresses
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์˜๊ฐ์„ ์ฃผ๋Š” ์ธก๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š”
05:33
what political scientists call the โ€œroot ideas.โ€
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์ •์น˜ํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด '๊ทผ๋ณธ์ ์ธ ์•„์ด๋””์–ด'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃน๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:37
Who we are as a people,
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ, ๋ฏผ์ค‘์€ ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ธ๊ฐ€?'
05:39
what we value, what matters to us.
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'์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์†Œ์ค‘ํžˆ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ด๊ณ  ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€?'
05:43
And we're seeing innovative examples for how to do this.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์‹คํ˜„ํ•˜๋Š” ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋“ค์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:46
In the US, the nonpartisan media organization PushBlack
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ๋Š” ํ‘ธ์‹œ๋ธ”๋ž™์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๋น„๋‹นํŒŒ์  ์–ธ๋ก  ๋‹จ์ฒด๊ฐ€
05:50
promotes civic engagement through sharing Black history,
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ํ‘์ธ ์—ญ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๊ณต์œ ํ•จ์œผ๋กœ์จ ์‹œ๋ฏผ ์ฐธ์—ฌ๋ฅผ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๊ณ ,
05:54
presenting information often people never learned in school.
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์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ€๊ฐœ ํ•™๊ต์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
ํ‘ธ์‹œ๋ธ”๋ž™์˜ 900๋งŒ ๊ตฌ๋…์ž๋Š”
05:58
PushBlack's nine million subscribers
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06:00
are responsible for one of the most effective
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ์œ ๊ถŒ์ž ์ฐธ์—ฌ ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋งก๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:03
voter engagement programs in America.
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06:06
In Israel, before the war, a historic citizen-led movement
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์ „์Ÿ ์ „ ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜์—์„œ๋Š” ์—ญ์‚ฌ์  ์‹œ๋ฏผ ์ฃผ๋„ ์šด๋™์ด
06:10
had galvanized people across the ideological spectrum
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์ด๋…์ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ
06:14
to stand up for democratic norms and institutions.
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๋ฏผ์ฃผ์  ๊ทœ๋ฒ”๊ณผ ์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ํ˜ธํ•˜๋„๋ก ํž˜์„ ๋ถˆ์–ด๋„ฃ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:17
This has led to the creation of a new political center
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด ์ด์Šค๋ผ์—˜๊ณผ ํŒ”๋ ˆ์Šคํƒ€์ธ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น 
06:21
that will impact the future of both Israel and Palestine.
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์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ •์น˜ ์ค‘์‹ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ํƒ„์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋Š” ํ‰๋ฒ”ํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ชจ์—ฌ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋ฅผ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๋Š”
06:26
These are examples of ordinary people coming together
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06:29
to create compelling pro-democracy narratives
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๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผํ™” ์„œ์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์—ฌ์ค๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:32
that unite communities.
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06:35
Second, we need to accelerate the pace of innovation
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๋‘˜์งธ, ๋ฏผ์ฃผํ™” ์šด๋™์—์„œ ํ˜์‹  ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์†ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:39
in the pro-democracy movement.
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06:42
The battle between autocracy and democracy is both conceptual and tactical.
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๋…์žฌ์™€ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์‹ธ์›€์€ ๊ฐœ๋…์ ์ด๋ฉด์„œ๋„ ์ „์ˆ ์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:48
It requires offensive and defensive strategies,
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์ด๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•ด์„œ๋Š” ๊ณต๊ฒฉ ์ „๋žต๊ณผ ๋ฐฉ์–ด ์ „๋žต์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•œ๋ฐ,
06:51
and on this front, the authoritarians have been quite innovative.
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์ด ์ ์—์„œ ๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์€ ์ƒ๋‹นํžˆ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์„ ๋„˜๋Š” ํšจ๊ณผ์ ์ธ ํ•™์Šต์„ ํ†ตํ•ด,
06:56
Through effective cross-border learning,
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•™์ž๋“ค์ด '๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜ ์ „๋žต์„œ'๋ผ ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ฐœ๋ฐœํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:59
they have developed what scholars call "The Authoritarian Playbook."
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07:04
From North America to Southeast Asia to Europe,
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๋ถ๋ฏธ์—์„œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋™๋‚จ์•„์‹œ์•„, ์œ ๋Ÿฝ์— ์ด๋ฅด๊ธฐ๊นŒ์ง€,
07:07
you see this playbook in motion.
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์ด ์ „๋žต์„œ๊ฐ€ ์‹คํ–‰๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
It consists of strategies such as undermining institutions,
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์ด ์ „๋žต์„œ์—๋Š” ์ œ๋„๋ฅผ ํ”๋“ค๊ณ ,
07:13
spreading disinformation,
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๊ฑฐ์ง“ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ํผ๋œจ๋ฆฌ๋ฉฐ,
์ธ์ข… ๋ฐ ์ข…๊ต์  ์ฐจ์ด๋ฅผ ์•…์šฉํ•˜๊ณ ,
07:16
exploiting racial and religious differences,
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07:19
weaponizing fear,
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๋‘๋ ค์›€์„ ๋ฌด๊ธฐ๋กœ ์‚ผ๊ณ ,
07:21
and stoking political violence.
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์ •์น˜์  ํญ๋ ฅ์„ ๋ถ€์ถ”๊ธด๋‹ค๋Š” ์ „๋žต์ด ๋“ค์–ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:25
I call this playbook the โ€œauthoritarian innovation ecosystem,โ€
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์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ „๋žต์„œ๋ฅผ '๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜์˜ ํ˜์‹  ์ƒํƒœ๊ณ„'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:29
because the tactics are not static.
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์ด ์ „์ˆ ๋“ค์€ ๊ณ ์ •๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:31
They are continually being perfected based on wins and losses across the globe.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—์„œ์˜ ์ŠนํŒจ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ณ„์† ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์–ด์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:37
I'll give you an example.
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ํ•˜๋‚˜ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์ฃ .
์„ ๊ฑฐ ๋ถ€์ • ์ฃผ์žฅ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:39
Election denialism.
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07:41
In 2020, former US President Donald Trump
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2020๋…„, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ์ „ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ธ ๋„๋„๋“œ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„๋Š”
07:44
catalyzed a movement claiming the presidential election was stolen.
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๋Œ€์„ ์„ ๋„๋‚œ๋‹นํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๋Š” ์šด๋™์„ ์ด‰๋ฐœ์‹œ์ผฐ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด 2021๋…„ 1์›” 6์ผ ์›Œ์‹ฑํ„ด D.C.์—์„œ ํญ๋™์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
07:49
This led to the January 6, 2021 riots in Washington, DC,
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07:54
and continues to define American politics today.
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ๊นŒ์ง€ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์ •์น˜์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:58
Soon after that,
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๊ทธ ์งํ›„,
08:00
Brazil's former president Jair Bolsonaro,
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์ „ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ ๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น ์ž์ด๋ฅด ๋ณด์šฐ์†Œ๋‚˜๋ฃจ๋Š”,
08:04
also known as Trump of the Tropics,
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'์—ด๋Œ€์˜ ํŠธ๋Ÿผํ”„'๋ผ๋Š” ๋ณ„๋ช…์œผ๋กœ๋„ ๋ถˆ๋ฆฌ๋Š”๋ฐ,
08:06
started to claim fraud in his upcoming election
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๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ค๋Š” ์„ ๊ฑฐ์— ๋ถ€์ •์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ฃผ์žฅํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
08:11
and then refused to acknowledge his loss.
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์ด์–ด์„œ ํŒจ๋ฐฐ๋ฅผ ์ธ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:14
This led to the January 8, 2022 riots in Brasilia,
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์ด๋กœ ์ธํ•ด 2022๋…„ 1์›” 8์ผ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ ํญ๋™์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ๊ณ ,
08:19
and similar to the US, the country remains highly polarized.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€๋กœ ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ๋„ ๊ทน๋„๋กœ ์–‘๊ทนํ™”๋œ ์ƒํƒœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:24
So if authoritarians are learning from each other
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๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์ด ์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ , ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
08:27
and supporting one another,
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08:29
we have to ask: Why arenโ€™t our best pro-democracy innovators doing the same?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
"์™œ ์ตœ๊ณ  ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ํ˜์‹ ๊ฐ€๋“ค์€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์‹์œผ๋กœ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๊ฐ€?"
08:34
Currently, the pro-democracy movement is stymied
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ํ˜„์žฌ, ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ์šด๋™์€ ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ๋ถ„์—ด๋œ ์ฑ„
08:37
because we operate in silos divided by national borders.
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๊ฐ๊ฐ ๊ณ ๋ฆฝ๋˜์–ด ์šด์˜๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ขŒ์ ˆ์„ ๊ฒช๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
We find ourselves responding to crises as opposed to preventing them.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์œ„๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ์˜ˆ๋ฐฉํ•˜๊ธฐ๋ณด๋‹ค๋Š” ์œ„๊ธฐ์— ๋Œ€์‘ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:46
But the good news is that we don't have to start from scratch.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ข‹์€ ์†Œ์‹์€ ์ฒ˜์Œ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:50
There are pro-democracy innovations all over the world.
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์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์—๋Š” ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ํ˜์‹ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:54
What we need to do is learn from them and then weave them together globally.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ผ์€ ๊ทธ๋“ค๋กœ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ด๋ฅผ ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์ ์œผ๋กœ ์—ฎ์–ด๋‚ด๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
In Brazil, the organization Pacto pela Democracia
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๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ์—์„œ๋Š” ํŒํ†  ํŽ ๋ผ ๋ฐ๋ชจํฌ๋ผ์‹œ์•„๋ผ๋Š” ์กฐ์ง์ด
09:03
builds cross-partisan coalitions to protect elections.
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์„ ๊ฑฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณดํ˜ธํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ดˆ๋‹น์  ์—ฐํ•ฉ์„ ๊ตฌ์ถ•ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๋†€๋ž๊ฒŒ๋„ ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์˜ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ์กฐ์ง๋“ค๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:08
Guess what? The American organization Protect Democracy does the same thing.
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09:13
Or take Academy for Future Leaders in France
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๋˜ํ•œ ํ”„๋ž‘์Šค์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜ ์ง€๋„์ž ํ•™๊ต์™€
09:16
and Futurelect in South Africa.
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๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์˜ ํ“จ์ฒ˜์ผ๋ ‰ํŠธ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋ณด๋ฉด,
๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ Š์€์ด๋“ค์ด ๊ทธ๋“ค์˜ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”ํƒ•์œผ๋กœ
09:19
Both organizations are working to train young people
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09:22
to pursue political office based on their values.
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์ •์น˜์  ์ง€์œ„๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ํ›ˆ๋ จํ•˜๋Š” ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:26
There are innovative pro-democracy organizations like these
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์ด๋Ÿฐ ํ˜์‹ ์ ์ธ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ์กฐ์ง๋“ค์ด ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์— ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:29
all over the world.
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09:31
Most of them don't even know about each other.
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๊ทธ๋“ค ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:34
We need strong transnational learning platforms,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋” ๊ฐ•๋ ฅํ•œ ์ดˆ๊ตญ๊ฐ€์  ํ•™์Šต ์žฅ์†Œ,
09:37
convenings and pro-democracy networks
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ํšŒ์˜์™€ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ๊ทธ๋ฌผ๋ง์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:40
to enable these democracy champions
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€๋“ค์ด
09:42
to learn from each other and support one another.
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์„œ๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ณ  ์ง€์›ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฑฐ์ฃ .
09:47
I believe if lessons can be imported and exported
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๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์ด ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ํ•ด์ฒดํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด
๊ตํ›ˆ์„ ์ˆ˜์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ถœํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
09:51
by the authoritarians to dismantle democracy,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „๋žต์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋ฅผ ๊ตฌํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋ฏฟ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
we can use the same strategy to save it.
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09:58
Third,
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์„ธ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ,
10:00
we need to embrace our interconnectedness as a global community.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ตญ์ œ ๊ณต๋™์ฒด๋กœ์„œ ์„œ๋กœ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์Œ์„ ์ธ์ •ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์–‘๊ทนํ™”๊ฐ€ ์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ํฐ ์•…์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์น˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋งํ•  ํ•„์š”๋Š” ์—†์„ ๊ฒ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:06
I don't need to tell you how badly polarization is impacting us.
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10:10
We demonize each other within borders and across borders.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ ๋‚ด์™ธ์—์„œ ์„œ๋กœ๋ฅผ ์•…๋งˆํ™”ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:14
This is a key component of the authoritarian playbook.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜ ์ „๋žต์„œ์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์š”์†Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:19
The reality is that democracies depend on one another to survive,
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ํ˜„์‹ค์€ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜๋„ ์„œ๋กœ ์˜์กดํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ƒ์กดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
just as autocracies do,
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๋…์žฌ ์ •๊ถŒ๊ณผ ๋งˆ์ฐฌ๊ฐ€์ง€์ด์ฃ .
10:26
which means that we, as people of different nations
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์ด๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ธ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋„ ์„œ๋กœ ์˜์กดํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์˜๋ฏธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:29
also depend on one another.
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10:32
We can use this interdependence to promote oppression or liberation.
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์ด ์ƒํ˜ธ ์˜์กด์„ฑ์œผ๋กœ ์–ต์••์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์„ ์ด‰์ง„ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:38
We see this throughout history.
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์—ญ์‚ฌ ์ „๋ฐ˜์— ๊ฑธ์ณ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์‚ฌ๋ก€๋ฅผ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:40
For example, concentration camps
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด ๊ฐ•์ œ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ๋Š”
10:43
were not actually an invention of Nazi Germany.
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์‚ฌ์‹ค ๋‚˜์น˜ ๋…์ผ์˜ ๋ฐœ๋ช…์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
๊ฐ•์ œ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ๋Š” ์ŠคํŽ˜์ธ๋ น ์ฟ ๋ฐ”์™€ ๋‚จ์•„ํ”„๋ฆฌ์นด์—์„œ ์ฒ˜์Œ ๋“ฑ์žฅํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:47
They first appeared in Spanish Cuba and South Africa
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10:51
long before there was ever an Auschwitz.
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์•„์šฐ์Šˆ๋น„์ธ ๊ฐ€ ์ƒ๊ธฐ๊ธฐ ํ›จ์”ฌ ์ „์ด์—ˆ์ฃ .
10:54
Concentration camps were an exported innovation
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๊ฐ•์ œ ์ˆ˜์šฉ์†Œ๋Š” ์–ต์••์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ถœ๋œ ํ˜์‹ ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:57
for oppression.
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10:59
On the other side of the spectrum,
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ํ•œํŽธ, ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์ชฝ์œผ๋กœ๋Š”,
11:01
civil disobedience that served as the anchor strategy
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ๋ฏผ๊ถŒ ์šด๋™์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ ์ „๋žต์ด์—ˆ๋˜ ์‹œ๋ฏผ ๋ถˆ๋ณต์ข…์€
11:05
for the US civil rights movement
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11:07
was honed by the nonviolent movement in India against British rule.
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์ธ๋„์˜ ๋น„ํญ๋ ฅ ๋…๋ฆฝ ์šด๋™์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค๋“ฌ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:11
An example of an imported innovation for liberation.
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ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ์ˆ˜์ž…๋œ ํ˜์‹ ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:17
Innovation for oppression, or innovation for liberation:
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์–ต์••์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜์‹ ์ด๋“ , ํ•ด๋ฐฉ์„ ์œ„ํ•œ ํ˜์‹ ์ด๋“ 
11:21
it is up to us to choose.
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์„ ํƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‹ฌ๋ ค ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:24
In todayโ€™s political discourse,
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์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์˜ ์ •์น˜ ๋‹ด๋ก ์—์„œ๋Š”
11:26
isolationism is often presented as a solution to our many problems.
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๊ณ ๋ฆฝ์ฃผ์˜๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์€ ๋ฌธ์ œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ•ด๊ฒฐ์ฑ…์œผ๋กœ ํ”ํžˆ ์ œ์‹œ๋˜๊ณค ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:32
But we know that's not the answer.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‹ต์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:34
We can be locally rooted and globally connected.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ง€์—ญ์— ๋ฟŒ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‘๊ณ  ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„์™€ ์—ฐ๊ฒฐ๋  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:38
We can be proud of our unique national identity and culture
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‚˜๋ผ๋ฅผ ๋น„ํ•˜ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ณ ๋„
์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ๊ตญ๊ฐ€ ์ •์ฒด์„ฑ๊ณผ ๋ฌธํ™”์— ์ž๋ถ€์‹ฌ์„ ๊ฐ€์งˆ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:42
without disparaging another.
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๊ถŒ์œ„์ฃผ์˜์ž๋“ค์€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์ด ๋ฌธ์ œ๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:45
The authoritarians want us to believe that problem is the other.
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11:50
I have been the other.
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์ €๋Š” '๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ'์ด ๋˜์–ด ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:53
In Ethiopia, in the US and most places I've ever visited or lived in.
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์—ํ‹ฐ์˜คํ”ผ์•„์—์„œ, ๋ฏธ๊ตญ์—์„œ,
์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฐฉ๋ฌธํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ด์•˜๋˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„ ์žฅ์†Œ์—์„œ ๋ง์ด์ฃ .
11:58
But I also know what it feels like to be a part of something,
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”,
12:02
a part of a collective
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๊ณตํ†ต๋˜๊ณ  ํ†ตํ•ฉ๋œ ๋น„์ „์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•˜๋Š” ์ง‘๋‹จ์˜ ์ผ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋˜๋Š”
12:03
that is working towards a common and unifying vision,
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12:06
a better world.
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๊ทธ ๋Š๋‚Œ๋„ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:08
Our future lies in our togetherness,
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๋ฏธ๋ž˜๋Š” ํ•จ๊ป˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:12
not in our separation within our countries and across borders.
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๋‚˜๋ผ๋“ค์ด ๊ตญ๊ฒฝ์œผ๋กœ ์„œ๋กœ ๋ถ„๋ฆฌ๋˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:17
In this century, I believe we can be imaginative and audacious
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์ง€๊ธˆ ์‹œ๋Œ€์—๋Š”
๋ฌด์—‡์ด ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ์ง€๋ฅผ ์ฐฝ์˜์ ์ด๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ดํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:21
about what is possible.
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12:23
From Addis to Atlanta, from Brasilia to Berlin,
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์•„๋””์Šค์•„๋ฐ”๋ฐ”์—์„œ ์• ํ‹€๋žœํƒ€๊นŒ์ง€, ๋ธŒ๋ผ์งˆ๋ฆฌ์•„์—์„œ ๋ฒ ๋ฅผ๋ฆฐ๊นŒ์ง€,
12:27
from Jakarta to Jerusalem.
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์ž์นด๋ฅดํƒ€์—์„œ ์˜ˆ๋ฃจ์‚ด๋ ˜๊นŒ์ง€.
12:29
This is our moment, for all of us,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๋ฅผ ์œ„ํ•œ ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:32
not only for professional democracy advocates like me,
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์ €์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ „๋ฌธ์ ์ธ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ํ™œ๋™๊ฐ€๋“ค๋งŒ์ด ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ,
12:36
but for every single one of us
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๋ชจ๋‘๊ฐ€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋ชจ์—ฌ
12:39
to come together and build a truly global pro-democracy movement.
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์ง„์ •ํ•œ ๊ตญ์ œ ๋ฏผ์ฃผ์ฃผ์˜ ์šด๋™์„ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•  ์ˆœ๊ฐ„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:44
Thank you.
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๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:45
(Applause)
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(๋ฐ•์ˆ˜)(ํ™˜ํ˜ธ)
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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