Master English Contractions: English speaking lesson

135,322 views ใƒป 2023-09-29

Speak English With Vanessa


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Are you ready for a little English test?ย  Which word am I saying? I can't do it. Iย ย 
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๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์˜์–ด ์‹œํ—˜์„ ๋ณผ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฑธ๊นŒ? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚œ
00:06
can't do it. Which one was it? This one orย  this one? Well, if you guessed this word,ย ย 
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด. ์–ด๋Š ์ชฝ์ด์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์ด๊ฑฐ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ด๊ฑฐ? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”์ธกํ•˜์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:13
you are correct. I said I can't do it,ย  but I didn't say it clearly like this,ย ย 
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์ •๋‹ต์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชปํ•œ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์•˜๊ณ ,
00:20
I used fast daily life, conversational Englishย  pronunciation. If this little test was trickyย ย 
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๋น ๋ฅธ ์ผ์ƒ์ƒํ™œ, ํšŒํ™”์ ์ธ ์˜์–ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ž‘์€ ํ…Œ์ŠคํŠธ๊ฐ€ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์› ๋‹ค๋ฉด
00:27
for you, don't worry. Today, I'm here to help you. Hi, I'm Vanessa from SpeakEnglishWithVanessa.com,ย ย 
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ €๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ๋•๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ €๋Š” SpeakEnglishWithVanessa.com์˜ Vanessa์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:35
and today, you are going to masterย  English contraction pronunciation.ย ย 
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์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์ถ• ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:41
It is extremely tricky to be able toย  understand this in fast conversations,ย ย 
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๋น ๋ฅธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์ด๋ฅผ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์ง€๋งŒ
00:46
but it's essential. You need to know if someoneย  said yes, I can do it, or if they said no, Iย ย 
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ํ•„์ˆ˜์ ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ' ์˜ˆ'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋‹ตํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ณ , ๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ '์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‚˜๋Š”ย '
00:53
can't do it. And over the next 30 minutes you willย  master this skill. Like always, I have created aย ย 
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์•ž์œผ๋กœ 30๋ถ„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ด ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ตํžˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Š˜ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋“ฏ์ด,
01:00
free PDF worksheet for you with all of today'sย  contractions, pronunciation, sample sentencesย ย 
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ์ž์‹ ์žˆ๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์˜ค๋Š˜์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถ•, ๋ฐœ์Œ, ์˜ˆ๋ฌธ
01:07
and tips so that you can confidently use Englishย  contractions in your daily life conversations.ย ย 
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๊ณผ ํŒ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF ์›Œํฌ์‹œํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:14
You can click on the link in the descriptionย  to download that free PDF worksheet today.ย 
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์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF ์›Œํฌ์‹œํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:19
All right, let's get started with part one whereย  you'll learn every single contraction in English,ย ย 
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์ข‹์•„์š”, 1๋ถ€๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—๋Š”
01:25
including some contractions thatย  are only used in spoken Englishย ย 
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์˜์–ด ํšŒํ™”์—์„œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€๋งŒ
01:30
but not in written English. Let's go. What's a contraction? Well, a contractionย ย 
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์˜์–ด ์„œ๋ฉด์—์„œ๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ˆ˜์ถ•๋„ ํฌํ•จ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค. ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ด๋ž€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์Œ, ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์€
01:35
is a word like can't, they've, he'll, we've.ย  This is different from gonna, wanna. How isย ย 
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can't, they've, he'll, we've์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฑด 'will', 'want'์™€๋Š” ๋‹ฌ๋ผ์š”.
01:47
this different? Well, gonna and wanna are onlyย  spoken. You can write them in text messages,ย ย 
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์ด๊ฑด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, Going๊ณผ Wanna๋Š” ์˜ค์ง ๋ง๋กœ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฌธ์ž ๋ฉ”์‹œ์ง€๋กœ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•  ์ˆ˜
01:54
but usually we call those reductions. This is aย  contraction. You're using an apostrophe. That'sย ย 
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๋ฅผ ์ถ•์†Œ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด
02:00
the key for a contraction. We always use anย  apostrophe, and you can use these in writing,ย ย 
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์ˆ˜์ถ•์˜ ํ•ต์‹ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํ•ญ์ƒ ์•„ํฌ์ŠคํŠธ๋กœํ”ผ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉฐ ์ž‘๋ฌธ์ด๋‚˜
02:05
informal writing, you don't want to use them onย  your college essay, graduate paper, but we useย ย 
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๋น„๊ฒฉ์‹์ ์ธ ๊ธ€์“ฐ๊ธฐ์— ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€ํ•™ ์—์„ธ์ด๋‚˜ ๋Œ€ํ•™์› ๋…ผ๋ฌธ์—๋Š” ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ
02:11
them in a lot of different situations. So today,ย  I'm going to pronounce some positive contractions,ย ย 
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๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ƒํ™ฉ์—์„œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์˜ค๋Š˜์€ ๊ธ์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ˜•๊ณผ
02:16
some negative contractions, and there are aย  couple that are only spoken. We never writeย ย 
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๋ถ€์ •ํ˜• ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•ด ๋ณด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋ง๋กœ๋งŒ ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋„ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ ˆ๋Œ€๋กœ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๊ฑฐ๋‚˜
02:23
them, or else we hardly ever write them. So ifย  there's a contraction that we hardly ever write,ย ย 
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๊ฑฐ์˜ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์“ฐ์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ด ์žˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด,
02:29
we only use in spoken in English. I'm going to putย  a little star in the subtitles here so that youย ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์ž๋ง‰์— ์ž‘์€ ๋ณ„ํ‘œ๋ฅผ ํ‘œ์‹œํ•˜์—ฌ
02:36
can see which one that is and that you should onlyย  use it when you're speaking instead of writing.ย 
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์–ด๋–ค ์ž๋ง‰์ธ์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๊ณ  ๊ธ€์„ ์“ฐ๋Š” ๋Œ€์‹  ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ์ ์„ ์•Œ๋ ค ๋“œ๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:43
Before we start with the long list, let's haveย  a quick breakdown of some things that you'reย ย 
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๊ธด ๋ชฉ๋ก์œผ๋กœ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์•ž์œผ๋กœ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ๊ฐ„๋žตํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ถ„์„ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:47
going to hear. Some contractions, specificallyย  contractions that use will: he will, we will,ย ย 
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. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ˜•, ํŠนํžˆ will: he will, we will,
02:55
they will, these contractions are going toย  have a clear pronunciation and a lazy styleย ย 
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they will์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ˜•์€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅธ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์˜
03:02
pronunciation. For example, you could say we'll.ย  We'll. Or you could use the lazy, relaxed style,ย ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๊ฐ–๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž˜. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅด๊ณ  ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:12
we'll. We'll. There's really no action or movementย  happening in your mouth, just we'll. Not we'll,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž˜. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ์ž…์—์„œ ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์ž‘์ด๋‚˜ ์›€์ง์ž„์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹จ์ง€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€๋Š” ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
that's the clear pronunciation, we'll. Sometimesย  you'll hear this, you can say this, it's noย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์ด ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:26
problem. But oftentimes when native speakers areย  talking quickly, you're going to hear we'll. Soย ย 
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๋ฌธ์ œ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์ด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” ์ข…์ข… ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ฃ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
03:34
when I'm pronouncing these words, I'm going toย  say the clear pronunciation, and then I'm alsoย ย 
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์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด๋“ค์„ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ , ๊ทธ ๋‹ค์Œ์—๋Š” ๋˜ํ•œ
03:39
going to say the lazy relaxed style, because youย  need to know both. They're both equally important.ย 
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๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅธ ํŽธ์•ˆํ•œ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ๋˜‘๊ฐ™์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
There's a similar concept with negativeย  contractions. You could say don't. The Tย ย 
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๋ถ€์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•์—๋„ ๋น„์Šทํ•œ ๊ฐœ๋…์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Tย ย ๋Š”
03:52
is really clearly pronounced, don't. Or you couldย  say it quickly, relaxed, maybe lazy style, don't.ย ย 
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์ •๋ง ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ, ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ, ๊ฒŒ์œผ๋ฅธ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ๋กœ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:01
There's not really a T that's coming out, don't.ย  Instead, your tongue is on the top of your mouthย ย 
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋Š” T๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์‹ , ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ์ž… ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์— ์žˆ์–ด '
04:07
ready to make that T sound, don't, but there'sย  no air that comes out. So I'm going to be sayingย ย 
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T' ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ผ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š”
04:13
both of these styles. I'm going to say don't andย  don't. You'll hear them back to back, that wayย ย 
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์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ๋งํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š”ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์—ฐ์†ํ•ด์„œ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
04:20
you can get familiar with them and hopefully youย  can use them yourself. Make sure that you use thatย ย 
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์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์ง์ ‘ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
fast reduced style only if you're speaking quicklyย  and fluidly. If you use it when you're speakingย ย 
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๋น ๋ฅด๊ณ  ์œ ์ฐฝํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋งŒ ๋น ๋ฅธ ์ถ•์†Œ ์Šคํƒ€์ผ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š” . ์ฒœ์ฒœํžˆ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด
04:32
slowly, it might sound a little strange becauseย  we reduce words so that we can speak quickly,ย ย 
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์กฐ๊ธˆ ์ด์ƒํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋นจ๋ฆฌ ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ค„์—ฌ์„œ ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒŒ
04:38
that's the goal of them. So I hope that theseย  lists of words will be helpful to you. Let'sย ย 
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๋ชฉํ‘œ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด ๋‹จ์–ด ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ๊ท€ํ•˜์—๊ฒŒ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:44
start with these 81 contractions. Aren't. Aren't.ย 
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81๊ฐœ์˜ ์ˆ˜์ถ•๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:51
Can't. Can't. Could've.ย 
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์บ”ํŠธ. ์บ”ํŠธ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด.
04:56
Couldn't. Couldn't. Didn't. Didn't.ย 
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ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:03
Doesn't. Doesn't. Don't. Don't.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค.
05:09
Hadn't. Hadn't. Hasn't. Hasn't.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:15
Haven't. Haven't. He'd.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค.
05:20
He'll. He'll. He's.ย 
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์ง€์˜ฅ. ์ง€์˜ฅ. ๊ทธ๋Š”.
05:25
How'd. How'll.ย 
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์–ด๋• ์–ด? ์–ด๋•Œ?
05:29
How's. I'd.ย 
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์–ด๋•Œ? ID .
05:33
I'll. I'll. I'm.ย 
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์•„ํ”ˆ. ์•„ํ”ˆ. ๋‚˜๋Š”.
05:39
I've. Isn't. Isn't.ย 
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:43
It'd. It'll.ย 
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๊ทธ๋žฌ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
05:46
It's. Let's.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€. ํ•˜์ž.
05:49
May've. Might've.ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿด ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋žฌ์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด
05:53
Mustn't. Mustn't. We rarely use this inย  American English, so you might see it inย ย 
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์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋œ๋‹ค. ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
05:59
some old TV shows or maybe some books, but weย  actually use the positive version. We don'tย ย 
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์˜ค๋ž˜๋œ TV ํ”„๋กœ๊ทธ๋žจ์ด๋‚˜ ์ฑ…์—์„œ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฒ„์ „์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
06:05
really say the negative version. The positive version is must've.ย 
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์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฒ„์ „์„ ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฒ„์ „์€ ํ•„์ˆ˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:11
She'd. She'll. She'll.ย 
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์ฐฝ๊ณ . ๊ป๋ฐ๊ธฐ. ๊ป๋ฐ๊ธฐ.
06:16
She's. Should've.ย 
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๊ทธ๋…€๋Š”. ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ์–ด.
06:17
Shouldn't. Shouldn't. That'll.ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿด ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:23
That's. That'd.ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ . ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ .
06:26
There're. There's.ย 
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์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:29
These're. They'd.ย 
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06:29
They'll. They'll. They're.ย 
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06:29
They've. This's.ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€.
๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๋‹ค. ์ด.
06:30
Those're. Wasn't. Wasn't.ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
We'd. We'd've.ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”. ๊ทธ๋žฌ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”.
06:52
We'll. We'll. We're. We're.ย 
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์ž˜. ์ž˜. ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
06:58
We've. Weren't.ย 
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:01
What'd. What'll.ย 
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๋ญ์˜€์ง€? ๋ญ.
07:04
What're. Some of these sound kind of funnyย  when you say them by themselves. What're.ย 
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๋ญ์•ผ. ์ด ์ค‘ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Š” ์ง์ ‘ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์ข€ ์›ƒ๊ธฐ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋ญ์•ผ.
07:10
What's. What've.ย 
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๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋ญ.
07:13
When's. Where'd.ย 
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์–ธ์ œ. ์–ด๋””์—์„œ.
07:19
Where're. Where's.ย 
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์–ด๋”” ์žˆ์–ด? ์–ด๋””์•ผ?
07:21
Where've. Which's.ย 
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์–ด๋”” ๊ฐ”์–ด? ์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ.
07:23
Who'd. Who'd've.ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€. ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋žฌ๊ฒ ์–ด์š”.
07:26
Who'll. Kind of sounds likeย  punching. Who'll, who'll.ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€. ์ฃผ๋จน์„ ์น˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์š”. ๋ˆ„๊ฐ€ ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ธ๊ฐ€?
07:31
Who're. Who's.ย 
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๋งค์ถ˜๋ถ€. ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์•ผ?
07:32
Who've. Why'd.ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ฐ€. ์™œ์š”?
07:36
Why're. Why's.ย 
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์™œ์š”? ์™œ์š”?
07:39
Won't. Won't. Would've.ย 
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์Šต๊ด€. ์Šต๊ด€. ๊ทธ๋žฌ์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€
07:43
Wouldn't. Wouldn't. You'd.ย 
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์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€.
07:48
You'll. You'll. You're. You're.ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€. ๋‹น์‹ ์€.
07:54
You've. Now that you've over viewed allย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ˜•์„ ๋ชจ๋‘ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด์•˜์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ
07:57
contractions in English, let's dive deeper intoย  the tricky pronunciation of negative contractions.ย ย 
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๋ถ€์ •ํ˜• ์ˆ˜์ถ•ํ˜•์˜ ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กœ์šด ๋ฐœ์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„
08:04
There are two different ways to pronounceย  negative contractions so we'll dive deep intoย ย 
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๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์—๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ž์„ธํžˆ ์•Œ์•„๋ณด๊ณ 
08:09
this and you will master that skill. Let's go. One of the worst listening mistakes you can haveย ย 
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ํ•ด๋‹น ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์„ ์ตํžˆ๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ‘์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์ €์ง€๋ฅผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ตœ์•…์˜ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ ์‹ค์ˆ˜ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
08:16
is when you think someone said, "I have,"ย  when really they said, "I haven't." Whenย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ "๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์š”"๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” "๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. '
08:22
you think they said yes, but really they saidย  no, you could find yourself in a really toughย ย 
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์˜ˆ'๋ผ๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ–ˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” ' ์•„๋‹ˆ์˜ค'๋ผ๊ณ  ๋Œ€๋‹ตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ํž˜๋“  ์ƒํ™ฉ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
08:26
situation. Or to use a lovely idiom, you couldย  find yourself in a jam. You might be surprised,ย ย 
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. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์‚ฌ๋ž‘์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ๊ด€์šฉ๊ตฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณค๊ฒฝ์— ์ฒ˜ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋†€๋ผ์‹ค ์ˆ˜๋„
08:32
but this happens a lot. Most positive contractionsย  like these are pretty easy to hear, but negativeย ย 
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒย ย  ์ด๋Ÿฐ ์ผ์ด ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์€ ๋“ฃ๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ
08:38
contractions are a little bit trickier. Let's look at this sentence. We weren'tย ย 
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์ˆ˜์ถ•์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๊นŒ๋‹ค๋กญ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ง
08:43
ready for the party. We weren't ready for theย  party. What letter do you not hear? We weren'tย ย 
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ํŒŒํ‹ฐ์— ๊ฐˆ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์–ด ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ํŒŒํ‹ฐ๋ฅผ ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋์–ด์š” . ์–ด๋–ค ํŽธ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š๋‚˜์š”? ์•„์ง
08:52
ready. Weren't ready. It's that final T. If I saidย  it clearly, we weren't ready, it would be prettyย ย 
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์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋์–ด์š”. ์•„์ง ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋์–ด์š”. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ T์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ„๋ช…ํžˆ ๋งํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:00
simple to understand this because that T helps youย  to realize, oh, this is a negative contraction,ย ย 
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T๊ฐ€ '์•„, ์ด๊ฑด ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ด๋‹ค'๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊นจ๋‹ซ๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:06
but I have some bad news. In fast English,ย  usually that final T is stopped short. Weย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‚˜์œ ์†Œ์‹์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰ T๊ฐ€ ์งง๊ฒŒ ๋Š์–ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
09:12
call this a stopped T. Listen carefully again.ย  We weren't ready. My tongue is stopped at theย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ค‘์ง€๋œ T๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฆ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์‹œ ์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ์ž… ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์— ๋ฉˆ์ท„์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
09:19
top of my mouth. It's trying to make the T sound,ย  but no air comes out. We weren't ready. As we goย ย 
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. T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋Š”๋ฐ ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์•„์ง ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋์–ด์š”.
09:28
through these contractions, I want to help youย  understand negative contractions more clearly.ย 
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์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ์ง„ํ–‰ํ•˜๋ฉด์„œ ๋ถ€์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ๋” ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋„๋ก ๋•๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:33
But do you know what? Sometimes nativeย  speakers ask for clarification too. So for me,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ๋ฐ ๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ์•Œ์•„์š”? ๋•Œ๋กœ๋Š” ์›์–ด๋ฏผ ์ด ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์š”๊ตฌํ•˜๊ธฐ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
09:38
I might ask another native speaker, "Wait, didย  you say you were ready or you weren't ready?"ย ย 
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์ €๋Š”ย ย  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์›์–ด๋ฏผ์—๊ฒŒ "์ž ๊น, ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ๋‚˜์š”, ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์•„์ง ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ์•ˆ ๋๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ฌผ์–ด๋ณผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:44
Emphasizing that T. So if you need to ask forย  clarification in the middle of a conversation,ย ย 
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T๋ฅผ ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๋Œ€ํ™” ์ค‘์— ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ
09:49
it is essential to know if someone isย  using a positive or negative sentence soย ย 
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์ƒ๋Œ€๋ฐฉ์ด ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ
09:54
feel free to ask them for clarification. There are specifically two pronunciationย ย 
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์ž์œ ๋กญ๊ฒŒ ์„ค๋ช…์„ ์š”์ฒญํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋ถ€์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ฐœ์Œ
09:59
rules that we're going to be talking aboutย  for negative contractions, but I find itย ย 
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๊ทœ์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
10:03
easiest to talk about the rules when we areย  already talking about some examples. So let'sย ย 
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์ด๋ฏธ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ๊ทœ์น™์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์‰ฝ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿผ
10:07
get started with the first negative contraction. Is, isn't. Is, isn't. You could say isn't with aย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์Œ์ˆ˜ ์ˆ˜์ถ•๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ T๊ฐ€ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„
10:18
clear T, but in fast conversations, we're oftenย  going to cut off that T and make it a stopped T.ย 
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์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ, ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ๋Š” T๋ฅผ ๋Š๊ณ  T๋กœ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:24
Let's look at these sentences. My cat is playing.ย  My cat isn't playing. Listen carefully for theย ย 
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์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
10:31
difference here. You're not going to hear aย  T sound, but there is a difference. My catย ย 
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. T ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋“ค๋ฆฌ์ง€ ์•Š์ง€๋งŒ ์ฐจ์ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€
10:37
is playing. My cat isn't playing. Did you hear aย  little vowel sound that was added in that secondย ย 
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๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๋ถ€์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ์ž‘์€ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์œผ์…จ๋‚˜์š”
10:45
negative contraction? Isn't. Isn't. There's aย  little uh sound added between the S and the N,ย ย 
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? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. S์™€ N ์‚ฌ์ด์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์–ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜๋Š”๋ฐ,
10:55
this is called a schwa and it showsย  up a lot all over English. Isn't.ย 
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์ด๋ฅผ ์Šˆ์™€(schwa)๋ผ๊ณ  ๋ถ€๋ฅด๋ฉฐ ์˜์–ด ์ „์ฒด์— ๋งŽ์ด ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:02
This is the first rule dealing with negativeย  contractions. A lot of words that have twoย ย 
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์ด๋Š” ์Œ์ˆ˜ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜
11:07
consonants side by side, S and an N in thisย  word, are going to have a little added schwaย ย 
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์ž์Œ(S์™€ N)์ด ๋‚˜๋ž€ํžˆ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ๋‹จ์–ด์—๋Š” ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์Šˆ์™€( schhwa) ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
11:14
sound. Isn't. Isn't. So you're going to haveย  to train your ears to listen carefully forย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
11:20
that little added schwa sound. Let's goย  to the next negative contraction whereย ย 
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ์Šˆ์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์˜ ๊นŠ๊ฒŒ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ท€๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ถ€์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ
11:24
you'll meet the second rule that will help you toย  pronounce these negative contractions naturally.ย 
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๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์ถฉ์กฑํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๋‹ค์Œ ๋ถ€์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
11:29
Are, aren't. Are, aren't. Let's look atย  this sentence. My cats are playing. My catsย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์ด ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š”
11:39
aren't playing. My cats are playing. My catsย  aren't playing. You could say my cats aren'tย ย 
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๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์ด ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€
11:49
playing with a clear T, but like I said, in fastย  conversation, you're not going to hear that. Soย ย 
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ T๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š”๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งํ–ˆ๋“ฏ์ด ๋น ๋ฅธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ
11:54
I want you to be able to train your ears toย  hear the correct positive or negative word.ย ย 
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ๊ท€๋ฅผ ํ›ˆ๋ จํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:59
When I say that full negative sentence, listenย  for a quick pause or stop after the contraction.ย ย 
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๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์™„์ „ํ•œ ๋ถ€์ • ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ž ์‹œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์ˆ˜์ถ• ํ›„์— ๋ฉˆ์ถ”์„ธ์š”.
12:07
My cats aren't playing. My cats aren't playing.ย  That's because the word aren't, with the clear T,ย ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๊ทธ ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•œ T๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
12:16
that T is going to be a stopped T. There'sย  no added schwa sound like in the first rule,ย ย 
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T๊ฐ€ ์ค‘์ง€๋œ T๊ฐ€ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ์Šˆ์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—†์ง€๋งŒ
12:22
but instead there's going to be a stop happening,ย  a slight pause before saying the next word.ย ย 
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๋Œ€์‹ ์— ์ค‘์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค์Œ ์„ ๋งํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์— ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์ผ์‹œ ์ค‘์ง€๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ๋‹จ์–ด.
12:30
Listen carefully. My cats aren't playing. Myย  cats aren't playing. There's a pause becauseย ย 
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์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
12:35
my tongue stopped at the top of my mouth. Myย  cats aren't playing. My cats aren't playing.ย 
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ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ์ž… ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ์„œ ๋ฉˆ์ถค ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”.
12:42
Now that we've mentioned these two rulesย  for dealing with negative contractions,ย ย 
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์ด์ œ ๋ถ€์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•œ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์–ธ๊ธ‰ํ–ˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ์ ‘ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”
12:46
let's go on to all of the negative contractionsย  that you might encounter and you'll be able toย ย 
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๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด
12:51
hear if it's the first rule which uses thatย  added schwa sound, isn't. Isn't. Or if it'sย ย 
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์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ์Šˆ์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์•„๋‹Œ์ง€ ๋“ค์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ‹ฐ. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉดย ย  ์ž ์‹œ
13:00
simply a stopped T with a little pause afterwards. Let's go to the list of negative contractions.ย ย 
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ํ›„์— ์ž ์‹œ ๋ฉˆ์ถ˜ ํ›„ ๋‹จ์ˆœํžˆ T๋ฅผ ๋ฉˆ์ถ˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ์ˆ˜์ถ• ๋ชฉ๋ก์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:08
Was, wasn't. Was, wasn't. My cat was playing, myย  cat wasn't playing. Can you guess which rule thisย ย 
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๊ทธ๋žฌ์ง€, ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด. ๊ทธ๋žฌ์ง€, ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ๊ณ , ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ถ•์•ฝ์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”
13:21
contraction uses? Wasn't. Do you hear a littleย  schwa sound added? Wasn't in my throat here.ย ย 
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? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์Šˆ์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”? ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋ชฉ์ด ์•ˆ ์‰ฌ์› ์–ด์š”.
13:31
Wasn't. It's using that first rule because we'reย  adding that slight schwa sound. What I want you toย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์Šˆ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
13:37
do during this lesson is I want you to try to sayย  these sentences with me. Try to say the positiveย ย 
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์ด๋ฒˆ ์ˆ˜์—… ์ค‘์— ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ํ•˜์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์‹œ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”
13:41
sentence. Try to say the negative sentence. It'sย  going to challenge your pronunciation muscles, butย ย 
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. ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋ฐœ์Œ ๊ทผ์œก์— ๋„์ „ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ, ์ง€๊ธˆ ๋‹น์žฅ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
13:46
it will also help you to remember how these areย  accurately pronounced because you're practicing itย ย 
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์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์ •ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์Œ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
13:51
right now. All right, let's go to the next one. Were, weren't. Were, weren't. My cats wereย ย 
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. ์ข‹์•„, ๋‹ค์Œ์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์ž. ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด, ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด. ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด, ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์ด
13:58
playing. My cats weren't playing. My cats wereย  playing. My cats weren't playing. Which role isย ย 
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๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์ด ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
14:07
this negative contraction using? It's using thatย  second rule, just a stopped T at the end. If weย ย 
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์ด ๋ถ€์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•์€ ์–ด๋–ค ์—ญํ• ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ๋์— T๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:16
used the first rule and we added a schwa sound,ย  it would sound like my cats weren't playing andย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์Šˆ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๊ณ 
14:23
that is not natural. We don't want to add aย  schwa sound if there shouldn't be one. So thisย ย 
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์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. Schwa ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์—†์–ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
14:28
is a good chance for your mind to be immersedย  in all of these contractions and remember theย ย 
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๋‹น์‹ ์˜ ๋งˆ์Œ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ์ˆ˜์ถ•์— ๋ชฐ์ž…ํ•˜๊ณ 
14:33
correct ones. Say these sentences with me. Myย  cats were playing. My cats weren't playing.ย 
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์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ข‹์€ ๊ธฐํšŒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋“ค์„ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
14:39
Have, haven't. Have, haven't. My cats have played.ย  My cats haven't played. My cats have played.ย ย 
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๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์ด ๋†€์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์ด ๋†€์•˜์–ด์š”.
14:52
My cats haven't played. Can you guess which ruleย  this contraction uses? It's the first one we addedย ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ์ด ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์ด ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์ถ”์ธกํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋‚˜์š” ? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์Šˆ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•œ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
14:59
a little schwa sound. Haven't. Haven't. Haven't.ย  Say that sentence with me. My cats haven't played.ย 
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. ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ทธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€
15:09
Has, hasn't. Has, hasn't. My cat has played.ย  My cat hasn't played. My cat has played. Myย ย 
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์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด
15:20
cat hasn't played. Which rule is this oneย  using? Hasn't. Do you hear that little schwaย ย 
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ์ด ๊ทœ์น™์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž‘์€ ์Šˆ์™€
15:27
sound added? It's the first rule. My cat hasn'tย  played. Say that with me. My cat hasn't played.ย 
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”? ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
15:35
Had, hadn't. Had, hadn't. My cat hadย  played. My cat hadn't played. My catย ย 
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๊ทธ๋žฌ์ฃ , ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋žฌ์ฃ , ์•„๋‹ˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š”
15:45
hadn't played. Which rule is this? It's thatย  first one. There's a little schwa sound added.ย ย 
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๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒŒ ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์Šˆ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
15:51
Listen carefully. My cat hadn't. My cat hadn'tย  played. Say it with me. My cat hadn't played.ย 
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์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
16:02
Do, don't. Do, don't. My cats do play. My catsย  don't play. Ooh, listen carefully. My cats doย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ์•„, ์ž˜ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š”
16:15
play. My cats don't play. This difference isย  very slight. Which role do you think is beingย ย 
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๋†€์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ์ด ์ฐจ์ด๋Š” ๋งค์šฐ ๋ฏธ๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ์—ญํ• ์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ์ƒ๊ฐํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”
16:22
used here? Don't. Don't. Do you hear any addedย  schwa sounds? No. This is going to be the secondย ย 
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? ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค. ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ์Šˆ์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”? ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€
16:30
rule which uses just the stopped T. Don't. Myย  tongue is stopped at the top of my mouth. If weย ย 
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์ •์ง€๋œ T๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ํ˜€๊ฐ€ ์ž… ๊ผญ๋Œ€๊ธฐ์— ๋ฉˆ์ถฐ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:37
used that first rule, it would sound like don't.ย  Something that's not very natural. So make sureย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ–ˆ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ณ„๋กœ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒƒ. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฏ€๋กœ
16:44
that you just use the stopped T. My cats don'tย  play. If you're curious about the grammar of thatย ย 
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์ค‘์ง€๋œ T๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋„๋ก ํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
16:51
first positive sentence, my cats do play. Why areย  there two verbs side by side? One of them is do,ย ย 
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์˜ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ด ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์•„์š”. ๋‘ ๊ฐœ์˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‚˜๋ž€ํžˆ ์žˆ๋Š” ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ๊ทธ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ณ , ๊ทธ
16:57
one of them is play. Is this correct grammar?ย  Yes, it is. We often use do for emphasis. Andย ย 
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์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ๋†€์ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋งž๋Š” ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์˜ˆ, ๊ทธ๋ ‡์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ•์กฐํ•  ๋•Œ do๋ฅผ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ ย ย  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ƒํ™ฉ
17:03
if you'd like to see how you can use that inย  other situations, I made a video about this,ย ย 
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์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์‹ถ์œผ์‹œ๋ฉด ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:07
native speakers use it all the time. Youย  can check out that grammar lesson up here.ย 
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์›์–ด๋ฏผ๋“ค์€ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ• ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ํ™•์ธํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:11
Does, doesn't. Does, doesn't. My cat doesย  play often. My cat doesn't play often. Ooh,ย ย 
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๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ์ž์ฃผ ๋†€์•„์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ์ž์ฃผ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ์•„,
17:21
which rule is being used here? My cat doesn'tย  play often. Do you hear that added schwa soundย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ์ž์ฃผ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๋ชฉ์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ์Šˆ์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”
17:28
in my throat? Doesn't. Doesn't. It's rule numberย  one. We're adding that little schwa sound. Sayย ย 
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? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ž‘์€ ์Šˆ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
17:36
it with me. My cat doesn't play often. Andย  if you're curious, is it pronounced oftenย ย 
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์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ์ž์ฃผ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ถ๊ธˆํ•˜์‹œ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”
17:43
or often? I'm going to leave it a mystery.ย  You can check out this video I made up hereย ย 
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด ์ž์ฃผ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฏธ์Šคํ„ฐ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋‚จ๊ฒจ๋‘๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋งŒ๋“  ์ด ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด
17:49
talking about which one of these is correct.ย  All right, let's go to the next contraction.ย 
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅธ์ง€ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜์‹ค ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„, ๋‹ค์Œ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€๋ณด์ž.
17:54
Did, didn't. Did, didn't. My cat did play. My catย  didn't play. What is happening here? My cat didn'tย ย 
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๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์š”, ์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์š”, ์•ˆ ๊ทธ๋žฌ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€์•˜์–ด. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‚˜์š”? ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š”
18:07
play. Which rule is being used here first?ย  Let's get that taken care of. My cat didn't.ย ย 
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๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๋จผ์ € ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๊ทธ ์ผ์„ ์ฒ˜๋ฆฌํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
18:15
Do you hear my throat making that little schwaย  sound? Didn't. It's going to be rule number one,ย ย 
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๋‚ด ๋ชฉ๊ตฌ๋ฉ์—์„œ ์ž‘์€ ์Šˆ์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๋Š” ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ด์ง€๋งŒ
18:22
but there's something else that's happeningย  here that second D is going to be stoppedย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ D๊ฐ€
18:27
short. So it sounds like di and then un. It seemsย  quite strange when we slow it down like that,ย ย 
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์ž ์‹œ ์ค‘๋‹จ๋  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ di์™€ un์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถ”๋ฉด ๊ฝค ์ด์ƒํ•ด ๋ณด์ด์ง€๋งŒ,
18:36
but it's completely natural to say myย  cat didn't play. My cat didn't play.ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์™„์ „ํžˆ ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ํ• 
18:44
Can, can't. Can, can't. My cats can play. My catsย  can't play. My cats can play. My cats can't play.ย ย 
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์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”.
18:57
Which rule is being used here? Do you hearย  any added schwa sounds? Can't. Nope. Instead,ย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์ถ”๊ฐ€๋œ ์Šˆ์™€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋‚˜์š”? ์บ”ํŠธ. ์•„๋‹ˆ์š”. ๋Œ€์‹ 
19:04
it's just that stopped T at the end. It'sย  rule number two. Can't. Can't. Say it withย ย 
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T๊ฐ€ ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— ๋ฉˆ์ท„์„ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์บ”ํŠธ. ์บ”ํŠธ. ์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”
19:09
me. My cats can't play. If you tried to add aย  schwa sound, can't, it just sounds unnatural.ย ย 
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. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”. Schwa ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถ€์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฌ์šธ ๋ฟ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
19:17
So make sure you say my cats can't play. Will, won't. Will, won't. My cats willย ย 
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์œŒ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์œŒ, ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š”
19:27
play. My cats won't play. This is the most simpleย  because there's actually two different spellings,ย ย 
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๋†€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ฒ ์ž๋ฒ•,
19:33
two different vowel sounds that are happeningย  here. Listen for the vowels. My cats will play,ย ย 
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๊ฐ€์žฅ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ชจ์Œ์„ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์ด ๋†€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”,
19:39
that short I. My cats will play.ย  Or in the negative contraction,ย ย 
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๊ทธ ์งง์€ I. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์ด ๋†€ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋˜๋Š” ์Œ์ˆ˜ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์—์„œ๋Š”
19:45
my cats won't play. There's still a stopped Tย  happening. So it's still using that second rule,ย ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ T๊ฐ€ ๋ฉˆ์ถ”๋Š” ํ˜„์ƒ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐย ย  ์‚ฌ์šฉ
19:52
won't. We're not hearing that T, but becauseย  the vowel sound is different, it's a littleย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” T๋ฅผ ๋“ฃ์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ชจ์Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
19:57
bit easier to understand that someone's using aย  negative word compared to a positive word. Say itย ย 
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๋ˆ„๊ตฐ๊ฐ€๊ฐ€ ๊ธ์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ณด๋‹ค ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์‰ฝ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:03
with me. My cats won't play. My cats won't play. Could, couldn't. Could, couldn't. My cats couldย ย 
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์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์—ˆ์–ด์š”
20:13
play. My cats could play with, which rule isย  this? We're adding a little schwa sound. Ruleย ย 
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. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š”๋ฐ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™์ธ๊ฐ€์š” ? ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์Šˆ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทœ์น™
20:21
number one couldn't. Couldn't. Say it with me.ย  My cats couldn't play. My cats couldn't play.ย 
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1๋ฒˆ์€ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€
20:31
Would, wouldn't. Would, wouldn't. My cats wouldย  play. My cats wouldn't play. My cats would play.ย ย 
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์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€๊ณค ํ–ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
20:42
My cats wouldn't play. When we slow it down,ย  it's a little bit awkward that's why we useย ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ์†๋„๋ฅผ ๋Šฆ์ถ”๋ฉด ์กฐ๊ธˆ ์–ด์ƒ‰ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
20:48
this only for fast English. When we cut off theย  T at the end, wouldn't. Wouldn't. Wouldn't play.ย ย 
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๋น ๋ฅธ ์˜์–ด์—๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์— T๋ฅผ ์ž๋ฅด๋ฉด ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ํ”Œ๋ ˆ์ดํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
20:56
Which rule is being used here? Well, we'reย  adding a little schwa sound. Wouldn't. Youย ย 
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™์ด ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์Œ, ์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์Šˆ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค.
21:03
hear that? Wouldn't. My cats wouldn't play. Should, shouldn't. Should, shouldn't. My catsย ย 
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๊ทธ๊ฑฐ ๋“ค์œผ์…จ๋‚˜์š”? ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฒƒ์ด๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค, ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ž˜์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค, ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š”
21:14
should play. My cats shouldn't play. Shouldn't.ย  Which rule is this? It's rule number one. We'reย ย 
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๋†€์•„์•ผ ํ•ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”. ํ•˜์ง€ ๋ง์•„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ทœ์น™์ธ๊ฐ€์š”? ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ทœ์น™์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
21:24
adding a little schwa sound. Say that negativeย  sentence with me. My cats shouldn't play. Myย ย 
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์•ฝ๊ฐ„์˜ ์Šˆ์™€ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ๋ถ€์ •์ ์ธ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์ €ํ•œํ…Œ ๋งํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ
21:30
cats shouldn't play. I don't know why theyย  shouldn't play. Maybe they had some surgeryย ย 
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”. ์™œ ๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋†€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋˜๋Š”์ง€ ๋ชจ๋ฅด๊ฒ ์–ด์š”. ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์ˆ˜์ˆ ์„ ๋ฐ›์•˜๊ณ 
21:36
and need to recover. My cats shouldn't play. That was a lot of contractions to practice. Now,ย ย 
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ํšŒ๋ณต์ด ํ•„์š”ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”. ์—ฐ์Šตํ•˜๊ธฐ์—๋Š” ๋งŽ์€ ์ˆ˜์ถ•์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ
21:43
let's review them together. I've combinedย  all of the negative contractions that useย ย 
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ํ•จ๊ป˜ ๊ฒ€ํ† ํ•ด ๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทœ์น™ 1์„ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ถ€์ • ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
21:48
rule one together. So your mouth gets used toย  using that rule one. And then I've combinedย ย 
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. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ์ž…์ด ๊ทธ ๊ทœ์น™ 1์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ
21:54
all of the contractions that use rule twoย  together. And what I'd like you to do is I'mย ย 
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๊ทœ์น™ 2๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•์„ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ œ๊ฐ€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€
21:58
going to say each sentence twice. I want youย  to listen the first time and the second time,ย ย 
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๊ฐ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์”ฉ ๋งํ•ด์ฃผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฒ˜์Œ๊ณผ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋กœ ๋“ฃ๊ณ 
22:03
speak out loud with me, repeat. Use yourย  beautiful speaking muscles. Let's do it.ย 
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ํฐ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋กœ ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•ด ์ฃผ์„ธ์š”. ์•„๋ฆ„๋‹ค์šด ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ทผ์œก์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
22:09
My cat isn't playing. My cat isn't playing.ย  My cat wasn't playing. My cat wasn't playing.ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๊ฐ€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
22:21
My cats haven't played. My cats haven't played.ย  My cat hasn't played. My cat hasn't played.ย ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
22:33
My cats hadn't played. My cats hadn't played. My cat doesn't play often. My cat doesn't playย ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ์ž์ฃผ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ์ž์ฃผ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
22:44
often. My cats didn't play. My cats didn't play. My cats couldn't play. My cats couldn't play. Myย ย 
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. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์—ˆ์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด
22:57
cats wouldn't play. My cats wouldn't play. Myย  cats shouldn't play. My cats shouldn't play.ย 
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๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋Š” ๋†€๋ฉด ์•ˆ ๋ผ์š”.
23:08
My cats aren't playing. My cats aren't playing.ย  My cats weren't playing. My cats weren't playing.ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€๊ณ  ์žˆ์ง€ ์•Š์•˜์–ด์š”.
23:19
My cats don't play. My cats don't play.ย  My cats can't play. My cats can't play.ย ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์•„์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€ ์ˆ˜ ์—†์–ด์š”.
23:29
My cats won't play. My cats won't play. Well, congratulations on leveling upย ย 
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๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๋‚ด ๊ณ ์–‘์ด๋“ค์€ ๋†€์ง€ ์•Š์„ ๊ฑฐ์˜ˆ์š”. ๊ธ€์Ž„, ์ผ์ƒ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ ํ•ญ์ƒ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š”
23:36
your English so that you master these Englishย  contractions, which are used all the time inย ย 
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์ด ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์ถ•์„ ๋งˆ์Šคํ„ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์˜์–ด ๋ ˆ๋ฒจ์„ ์˜ฌ๋ฆฐ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ•ํ•˜ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:41
daily conversation. Don't forget to download theย  free PDF worksheet with all of these contractions,ย ย 
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. ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ์ถ•์•ฝํ˜•, ๋ฐœ์Œ ํŒ, ์ƒ˜ํ”Œ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ๋ชจ๋‘ ํฌํ•จ๋œ ๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF ์›Œํฌ์‹œํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”.
23:47
pronunciation tips, sample sentences, and at theย  bottom of the worksheet, you can answer Vanessa'sย ย 
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์›Œํฌ์‹œํŠธ ํ•˜๋‹จ์—๋Š” ๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ ˆ๋Œ€ ์žŠ์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก Vanessa์˜ ๋„์ „ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์— ๋‹ตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
23:53
challenge questions so that you never forget whatย  you've learned. You can click on the link in theย ย 
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. ์ง€๊ธˆ ์„ค๋ช…์— ์žˆ๋Š” ๋งํฌ๋ฅผ ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์—ฌ
23:57
description to download that free PDF worksheetย  today. Well, thank you so much for learningย ย 
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๋ฌด๋ฃŒ PDF ์›Œํฌ์‹œํŠธ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค์šด๋กœ๋“œํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
24:02
English with me and I'll see you again next Fridayย  for a new lesson here on my YouTube channel, bye.ย 
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์ €์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ์ •๋ง ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹ค์Œ ์ฃผ ๊ธˆ์š”์ผ์— ์ œ YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์—์„œ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ์ˆ˜์—…์œผ๋กœ ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•ˆ๋…•.
24:09
But wait, do you want more? I recommendย  watching this video next where you willย ย 
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ž ๊น, ๋” ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋‚˜์š”? uh-uh์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ๋“ค๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ
24:14
learn how to pronounce the top 10 sentencesย  in English, including a sentence that soundsย ย 
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์ƒ์œ„ 10๊ฐœ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋ฐœ์Œํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹ค์Œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
24:20
like uh-uh. What in the world is this? Well, watchย  that video to find out and I'll see you there.
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. ์„ธ์ƒ์— ์ด๊ฒŒ ๋ญ์•ผ? ๊ธ€์Ž„์š”, ๊ทธ ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ๋ณด๊ณ  ์•Œ์•„๋ณด์‹œ๋ฉด ๊ฑฐ๊ธฐ์„œ ๋ต™๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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