Present Perfect | Simple vs. Continuous | Ultimate Guide

49,994 views ・ 2022-02-16

Speak Confident English


μ•„λž˜ μ˜λ¬Έμžλ§‰μ„ λ”λΈ”ν΄λ¦­ν•˜μ‹œλ©΄ μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ²ˆμ—­λœ μžλ§‰μ€ 기계 λ²ˆμ—­λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.

00:00
There is no doubt that the present perfect simple and the present
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λ‹¨μˆœ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œμ™€ ν˜„μž¬
00:05
perfect continuous are challenging to understand and use accurately in English.
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μ™„λ£Œ 진행이 μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³  μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κΈ° μ–΄λ ΅λ‹€λŠ” 것은 μ˜μ‹¬μ˜ 여지가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:10
And there's a good reason for that.
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κ·ΈλŸ΄λ§Œν•œ μ΄μœ κ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:13
In some cases you could use either perfect form and there would be
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κ²½μš°μ— 따라 μ™„λ²½ν•œ ν˜•μ‹μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 있으며
00:18
no difference in the meaning. As in the common example,
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μ˜λ―Έμ— 차이가 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 일반적인 μ˜ˆμ—μ„œμ™€ 같이
00:21
sentences of I've lived in Washington DC for three years,
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I've living in Washington DC for three years,
00:25
and I've been living in Washington DC for three years.
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I've living in Washington DC for three years.
00:29
And yet there are times in which there is a distinct difference in
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜
00:34
meaning or strict guidelines you should follow when you're deciding whether to
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00:39
use the perfect simple or the present perfect continuous,
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00:45
despite years of using English,
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μˆ˜λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν–ˆμŒμ—λ„ λΆˆκ΅¬ν•˜κ³ 
00:46
you might still feel confused about which form to use. And as a result,
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μ—¬μ „νžˆ μ–΄λ–€ 것을 μ‚¬μš©ν• μ§€ ν˜Όλž€μŠ€λŸ¬μšΈ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” ν˜•νƒœ. κ·Έ κ²°κ³Ό
00:51
you feel frustrated or limited in your ability to express yourself in English.
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μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ μžμ‹ μ„ ν‘œν˜„ν•˜λŠ” λŠ₯λ ₯에 μ’Œμ ˆκ°μ΄λ‚˜ ν•œκ³„λ₯Ό 느끼게 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
00:57
So is there a way forward,
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μ•žμœΌλ‘œ λ‚˜μ•„κ°ˆ 길이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
00:59
is there a way to this confusion? There absolutely is.
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이 ν˜Όλž€μ— λŒ€ν•œ 길이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ ? μ ˆλŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:05
If you don't already know I'm Annemarie,
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μ œκ°€
01:07
the founder of Speak Confident English and the creator of Fluency School and the
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Speak Confident English의 μ°½μ‹œμžμ΄μž Fluency Schoolκ³Ό
01:11
Confident Women Community,
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Confident Women Community의 μ°½μ‹œμžμΈ AnnemarieλΌλŠ” 사싀을 아직 λͺ¨λ₯΄μ‹ λ‹€λ©΄,
01:13
everything I do is designed to help you get the confidence you want for your
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μ œκ°€ ν•˜λŠ” λͺ¨λ“  일은 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄
01:17
life and work in English.
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μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ μ‚Άκ³Ό 일에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ›ν•˜λŠ” μžμ‹ κ°μ„ 얻을 수 μžˆλ„λ‘ 돕기 μœ„ν•œ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. .
01:19
That certainly includes clearly understanding complicated
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그것은 ν™•μ‹€νžˆ λ³΅μž‘ν•œ 문법 ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό λͺ…ν™•ν•˜κ²Œ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜λŠ” 것을 ν¬ν•¨ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:24
grammar structures. By the end of this lesson with me today,
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. 였늘 저와 ν•¨κ»˜ ν•˜λŠ” 이 μˆ˜μ—…μ΄ λλ‚˜λ©΄ μ˜μ–΄ λŒ€ν™”μ—μ„œ μžμ‹  있게 결정을 내릴 수 μžˆλ„λ‘
01:28
you will know exactly which form to use and when,
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μ–Έμ œ μ–΄λ–€ ν˜•μ‹μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ •ν™•νžˆ μ•Œκ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:32
so that you can confidently make decisions in your English conversations.
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.
01:37
More precisely,
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더 μ •ν™•ν•˜κ²ŒλŠ”
01:38
you're going to learn how the perfect simple and the perfect continuous are
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μ™„μ „ λ‹¨μˆœν˜•κ³Ό μ™„μ „ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ
01:43
similar.
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λΉ„μŠ·ν•œμ§€ 배우게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
01:44
You'll learn when these two forms have the same meaning
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이 두 가지 ν˜•νƒœκ°€ 같은 의미λ₯Ό κ°€μ§ˆ λ•Œ
01:50
and you'll learn when there are differences in meaning and how you can make the
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와 μ˜λ―Έμ— 차이가 μžˆμ„ λ•Œ 그리고 μ˜μ–΄ λŒ€ν™”μ—μ„œ
01:55
right choice on whether you should be using the perfect simple or the perfect
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μ™„λ£Œ λ‹¨μˆœ λ˜λŠ” μ™„λ£Œ 진행 쀑 μ–΄λ–€ 것을 μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ˜¬λ°”λ₯Έ 선택을 ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” 방법을 배우게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
01:59
continuous in your English conversations. Now,
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. 이제
02:03
before we go all in, in this high-level grammar lesson,
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본격적으둜 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κΈ° 전에 이 높은 μˆ˜μ€€μ˜ 문법 μˆ˜μ—…μ—μ„œ
02:07
I have two recommendations for you. Number one,
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두 ​​가지 ꢌμž₯ 사항이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 첫째,
02:10
I recommend that you get some paper, your English notebook, and a pen or pencil,
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쒅이, μ˜μ–΄ 곡책, νŽœμ΄λ‚˜ 연필을 μ€€λΉ„ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:15
because as you go through this video, I want you to take notes.
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이 λΉ„λ””μ˜€λ₯Ό λ³΄λ©΄μ„œ λ©”λͺ¨λ₯Ό ν•˜μ‹œκΈ° λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:19
And as I share common scenarios,
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그리고 μ œκ°€ 일반적인 μ‹œλ‚˜λ¦¬μ˜€λ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•  λ•Œ,
02:22
I want you to immediately create your own example, sentences,
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μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ μ—¬κΈ°μ—μ„œ 배운 λͺ¨λ“  것을 훨씬 더 μ‰½κ²Œ κΈ°μ–΅ν•  수 μžˆλ„λ‘ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ 삢에 참인 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ μžμ‹ μ˜ 예, λ¬Έμž₯,
02:27
sentences that are true for your life,
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λ¬Έμž₯을 μ¦‰μ‹œ λ§Œλ“€κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€
02:30
because that will make remembering everything you learn here,
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02:35
much easier. The second thing I recommend is that you stick with me to the end,
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. 두 번째둜 μ œκ°€ μΆ”μ²œν•˜λŠ” 것은 λκΉŒμ§€ 저와 ν•¨κ»˜ ν•˜λΌλŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:39
because I'm going to share a little quiz at the end to test your know how
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λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μ— μž‘μ€ ν€΄μ¦ˆλ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•˜μ—¬ μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ˜ λ…Έν•˜μš°λ₯Ό ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈν•  것이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
02:58
Let's start with what the present perfect simple and the present perfect
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ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ λ‹¨μˆœκ³Ό ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ
03:02
continuous have in common,
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μ§„ν–‰μ˜ 곡톡점뢀터 μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:05
both forms connect the past to the present.
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두 ν˜•νƒœ λͺ¨λ‘ 과거와 ν˜„μž¬λ₯Ό μ—°κ²°ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:09
We're going to look at several examples where that will be very clear.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것이 맀우 λͺ…ν™•ν•œ λͺ‡ 가지 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³Ό κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:13
The second thing they have in common is they both often use the words since
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두 번째 곡톡점은 두 μ‚¬λžŒ λͺ¨λ‘ 이후와 μ΄ν›„λΌλŠ” 단어λ₯Ό 자주 μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:19
and for.
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.
03:20
To get comfortable with these similarities and to review the structure of these
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μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μœ μ‚¬μ„±μ— μ΅μˆ™ν•΄μ§€κ³  μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ μ–‘μ‹μ˜ ꡬ쑰λ₯Ό κ²€ν† ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:25
forms. Let's look at these sentences.
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. 이 λ¬Έμž₯듀을 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
03:28
I've taught English for more than 20 years.
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μ €λŠ” 20λ…„ λ„˜κ²Œ μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό κ°€λ₯΄μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:32
I've been teaching English for more than 20 years.
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μ €λŠ” 20λ…„ 이상 μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό κ°€λ₯΄μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:36
I've taught English since 1996.
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μ €λŠ” 1996λ…„λΆ€ν„° μ˜μ–΄λ₯Ό κ°€λ₯΄μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:40
I've been teaching since 1996.
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1996λ…„λΆ€ν„° κ°€λ₯΄μ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
03:44
Now at this time,
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. μ§€κΈˆ 이 μ‹œμ μ—μ„œ
03:46
I can imagine that you might be looking at those four sentences and thinking,
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μ €λŠ” μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ 이 λ„€ 개의 λ¬Έμž₯을 보고 μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμ„ 것이라고 상상할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
03:51
Annemarie, how exactly are these sentences different? When would you use,
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μ•ˆλ„€λ§ˆλ¦¬, 이 λ¬Έμž₯듀이 μ •ν™•νžˆ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ λ‹€λ₯Έκ°€μš”? μ–Έμ œ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ‹œκ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
03:56
I have taught versus I have been teaching.
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04:00
And that leads me to the second key point I want to discuss when
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그리고 그것은 μ œκ°€ λ…Όμ˜ν•˜κ³  싢은 두 번째 μš”μ μœΌλ‘œ μ΄μ–΄μ§‘λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:05
are the perfect simple and the perfect continuous,
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μ™„λ£Œ λ‹¨μˆœν˜•κ³Ό μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ€ μ–Έμ œ μž…λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
04:08
essentially the same in meaning when we use verbs that
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04:13
allow us to share biographical information such as the verbs to study,
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to study, to
04:18
to live, to work.
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live, to 동사와 같은 전기적 정보λ₯Ό κ³΅μœ ν•  수 있게 ν•΄μ£ΌλŠ” 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  λ•Œ μ˜λ―Έκ°€ 본질적으둜 λ™μΌν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μΌν•˜λ‹€. λ‹¨μˆœ
04:20
We can use the present perfect simple or the present perfect
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ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ λ˜λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ
04:25
continuous. And the meaning is essentially the same.
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진행을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 그리고 κ·Έ μ˜λ―ΈλŠ” 본질적으둜 λ™μΌν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ–΄λŠ 것을 μ‚¬μš©ν• μ§€
04:28
We don't need to worry about which one to use. So if,
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κ±±μ •ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄
04:33
for example,
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04:33
you're in a job interview and the interviewer is asking about your job
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,
κ·€ν•˜κ°€ ꡬ직 λ©΄μ ‘ 쀑이고 면접관이 κ°€μž₯ 졜근 κ³ μš©μ£Όμ™€
04:38
experience, including how long you've in with your most recent employer.
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 였래 μΌν–ˆλŠ”μ§€λ₯Ό ν¬ν•¨ν•˜μ—¬ κ·€ν•˜μ˜ 직업 κ²½ν—˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ λ¬»λŠ”λ‹€λ©΄ . μ–΄λŠ 것이 λ§žλŠ”μ§€
04:43
You don't have to stress or worry about which one is correct. You could use.
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슀트레슀λ₯Ό λ°›κ±°λ‚˜ κ±±μ •ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 당신은 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:48
I've worked with my current employer since 2019,
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μ €λŠ” 2019λ…„λΆ€ν„° ν˜„μž¬ κ³ μš©μ£Όμ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ μΌν–ˆκ±°λ‚˜
04:52
or I've been working with my current employer since 2019.
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2019λ…„λΆ€ν„° ν˜„μž¬ κ³ μš©μ£Όμ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ 일해 μ™”μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
04:56
Now some of you, I think,
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이제 μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„ 쀑 μΌλΆ€λŠ”
04:58
might be feeling frustrated and you want to know why we have
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μ’Œμ ˆκ°μ„ 느끼고 두 가지 양식이 λͺ¨λ‘ μžˆλŠ” 이유λ₯Ό μ•Œκ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:03
both forms, if both are correct and can be used with the same meaning.
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μ •ν™•ν•˜κ³  같은 의미둜 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:08
And that's a fair question. It is frustrating.
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그리고 그것은 κ³΅μ •ν•œ μ§ˆλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹΅λ‹΅ν•˜λ‹€.
05:11
So let me talk a little bit about why both could be interpreted
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μ™œ λ‘˜ λ‹€
05:16
in the same way.
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같은 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 해석될 수 μžˆλŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 쑰금 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:18
Let's start with the sentence I have lived in Washington DC for three years,
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I have living in Washington DC for three yearsλΌλŠ” λ¬Έμž₯λΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘ν•΄λ³΄μž.
05:22
again,
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λ‹€μ‹œ,
05:23
it clearly started in the past and the structure of the present perfect
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그것은 λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ 과거에 μ‹œμž‘λ˜μ—ˆκ³  ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ λ‹¨μˆœν˜•μ˜ ꡬ쑰가 였늘둜
05:28
simple form connects to today. The present moment.
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μ—°κ²°λœλ‹€ . ν˜„μž¬μ˜ μˆœκ°„.
05:33
This could be interpreted as having no
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μ΄λŠ” λ―Έλž˜μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ§„μˆ μ΄ μ—†λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 해석될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:37
statements about the future. It's simply connecting the past to today.
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. 그것은 λ‹¨μˆœνžˆ 과거와 ν˜„μž¬λ₯Ό μ—°κ²°ν•˜λŠ” κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:43
It could also be interpreted as something that is permanent and not
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그것은 λ˜ν•œ 영ꡬ적이고 λ³€ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 해석될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
05:48
changing. And so in that sense,
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. 그런 μ˜λ―Έμ—μ„œ
05:51
we can assume that I'm going to continue living in Washington DC.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ œκ°€ μ›Œμ‹±ν„΄ DCμ—μ„œ 계속 μ‚΄ 것이라고 κ°€μ •ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
05:55
So if I have lived here for three years,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ μ΄κ³³μ—μ„œ 3년을 μ‚΄μ•˜λ‹€λ©΄,
05:58
there's this feeling that it's not really going to change,
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정말 λ³€ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ±°λΌλŠ” λŠλ‚Œμ΄ λ“€κ³ ,
06:02
and I'm not really making any comment about the future.
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λ―Έλž˜μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ–΄λ–€ 언급도 ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:07
If I said, I've been living in Washington DC for three years,
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μ œκ°€ μ›Œμ‹±ν„΄ DCμ—μ„œ 3λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ‚΄μ•˜λ‹€κ³  ν•˜λ©΄
06:12
again, there are different interpretations.
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ 해석이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:14
We could use one sense.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•œ 가지 감각을 μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:17
It has the feeling that it's true today,
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그것은 μ˜€λŠ˜λ‚  그것이 사싀이고
06:20
and it's going to continue into the future.
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λ―Έλž˜μ—λ„ 계속될 κ²ƒμ΄λΌλŠ” λŠλ‚Œμ„ 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:24
It could also be interpreted or used in a way that implies that
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λ˜ν•œ μΌμ‹œμ μž„μ„ μ•”μ‹œν•˜λŠ” λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ ν•΄μ„λ˜κ±°λ‚˜ μ‚¬μš©λ  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
06:29
it's temporary. I could say I've been living in DC for three years,
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. 3λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ DCμ—μ„œ μ‚΄μ•˜λ‹€κ³  말할 수
06:33
but next month, I'm moving to California. That's possible as well.
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ λ‹€μŒ 달에 μΊ˜λ¦¬ν¬λ‹ˆμ•„λ‘œ 이사λ₯Ό κ°‘λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 그것도 κ°€λŠ₯ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:38
But don't forget that first interpretation.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 첫 번째 해석을 μžŠμ§€ λ§ˆμ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. μ•žμœΌλ‘œλ„ 계속될 κ²ƒμž„μ„
06:41
It could imply that it's going to continue in the future.
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μ•”μ‹œν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
06:45
So when we unpack those two forms,
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λ”°λΌμ„œ 이 두 가지 ν˜•μ‹μ„ ν’€λ©΄
06:48
we realize that at the end,
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κ²°κ΅­
06:51
both of them could be interpreted in the same way. As a result,
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λ‘˜ λ‹€ 같은 λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ 해석될 수 μžˆμŒμ„ μ•Œκ²Œ λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. 결과적으둜
06:55
we don't have to stress about which one is correct.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” μ–΄λŠ 것이 μ˜³μ€μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ κ°•μ‘°ν•  ν•„μš”κ°€ μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
06:59
We can use either one now that we have the similarities
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 이제 λ‘˜ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μœ μ‚¬μ μ΄ 있고
07:04
and we know in which ways, both the present perfect simple,
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λ‹¨μˆœ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ
07:09
and the present perfect continuous can be used with the same meaning.
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와 ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ 진행이 같은 의미둜 μ‚¬μš©λ  수 μžˆλŠ” 방법을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:12
It's time to get into the distinctions.
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ꡬ별에 λ“€μ–΄κ°ˆ λ•Œμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:16
What are the differences between the two and how do you know when you should use
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이 λ‘˜μ˜ 차이점은 무엇 이며
07:21
the perfect simple versus the perfect continuous?
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μ™„μ „ λ‹¨μˆœ λŒ€ μ™„μ „ 연속을 μ–Έμ œ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ•Œ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
07:25
There are some differences in meaning,
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μ˜λ―Έμ—λŠ” μ•½κ°„μ˜ 차이가 있고,
07:28
and there are times in which we want to choose one over the other.
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λ‹€λ₯Έ 것보닀 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό μ„ νƒν•˜κ³  싢을 λ•Œκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:34
Let's start with when you should select the present perfect simple.
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ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ λ‹¨μˆœμ„ 선택해야 ν•  λ•ŒλΆ€ν„° μ‹œμž‘ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:40
If you think back to all your English grammar studies,
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λͺ¨λ“  μ˜λ¬Έλ²• 곡뢀λ₯Ό 돌이켜 보면
07:43
you might remember something called stative verbs.
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μƒνƒœ 동사라고 λΆˆλ¦¬λŠ” 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:47
Stative verbs describe unchanging situations.
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μƒνƒœ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” λ³€ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠλŠ” 상황을 μ„€λͺ…ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:51
They relate to your mental state as opposed to active
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07:56
verbs, which show action.
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행동을 λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λŠ” λŠ₯동 동사와 달리 μ •μ‹  μƒνƒœμ™€ 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
07:59
stative verbs are often related to your thoughts and opinions,
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μƒνƒœ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” μ’…μ’… 생각과 의견,
08:04
feelings, and emotions,
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λŠλ‚Œ, μ •μ„œ,
08:06
senses and perceptions and possession or measurement.
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감각 및 인식, μ†Œμœ  λ˜λŠ” μΈ‘μ •κ³Ό 관련이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:12
For example, with the verb knoo,
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ knoo 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄
08:14
I can say I've known him for five years,
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κ·Έλ₯Ό 5λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ•Œκ³  μ§€λƒˆλ‹€κ³  말할 수
08:18
but I cannot say I've been knowing him for five years.
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μžˆμ§€λ§Œ κ·Έλ₯Ό 5λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ μ•Œκ³  μ§€λƒˆλ‹€κ³  말할 μˆ˜λŠ” μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:24
Stative verbs use the present perfect simple.
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μƒνƒœ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” λ‹¨μˆœ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ μ±…μ΄λΌλŠ”
08:27
Here's another example I've heard that's a great book.
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또 λ‹€λ₯Έ μ˜ˆκ°€ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
08:33
We cannot say I've been hearing that's a great book. Again,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것이 ν›Œλ₯­ν•œ 책이라고 λ“€μ—ˆλ‹€κ³  말할 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
08:37
the verb here is a stative verbs, so we use the present perfect simple.
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œλ„ λ™μ‚¬λŠ” μƒνƒœ λ™μ‚¬μ΄λ―€λ‘œ λ‹¨μˆœ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œλ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:42
Now, if you observe that list of stative verbs carefully,
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이제 μƒνƒœ 동사 λͺ©λ‘μ„ 주의 깊게 κ΄€μ°°ν•˜λ©΄ λ‚΄κ°€ μ‚¬λž‘μ΄λΌλŠ” 동사λ₯Ό 가지고 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을
08:46
you may have noticed that I had the verb love,
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μ•Œμ•„μ°¨λ Έμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:50
and you may be wondering Annemarie,
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그리고 Annemarieκ°€ κΆκΈˆν•  μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:53
I'm pretty sure I've heard someone say I've been loving The Queen's Gambit
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λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ λ‚΄κ°€ The Queen's Gambit을 μ‚¬λž‘ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것을 ν™•μ‹€νžˆ λ“€μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
08:57
on Netflix recently. How is that correct?
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졜근 λ„·ν”Œλ¦­μŠ€. 그게 μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μ •ν™•ν•©λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
09:02
That's a fantastic question.
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ν™˜μƒμ μΈ μ§ˆλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:05
When the verb love is used to state a preference or
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μ‚¬λž‘μ΄λΌλŠ” 동사가 λˆ„κ΅°κ°€μ— λŒ€ν•œ μ„ ν˜Έλ‚˜
09:10
a feeling of love that we have for someone it's state of.
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μ‚¬λž‘μ˜ λŠλ‚Œμ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λ‚΄λŠ” 데 μ‚¬μš©λ  λ•Œ 그것은 μƒνƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:14
And in that sense, we can't use it with the I N G form.
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그런 μ˜λ―Έμ—μ„œ I N G ν˜•μ‹κ³Ό ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:19
However,
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜
09:21
sometimes love is used as a way to say it is something that you are
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λ•Œλ•Œλ‘œ μ‚¬λž‘μ€ μ§€κΈˆ 당신이 즐기고 μžˆλŠ” μ–΄λ–€ 것
09:26
enjoying at this time, which is an action.
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, 즉 행동을 λ§ν•˜λŠ” λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ μ‚¬μš©λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
09:30
And so if someone says I've been loving The Queen's Gambit on Netflix,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λˆ„κ΅°κ°€ λ‚΄κ°€ Netflixμ—μ„œ The Queen's Gambit을 μ‚¬λž‘ν–ˆλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•œλ‹€λ©΄,
09:35
they're not talking about these overwhelming feelings of love,
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그듀은
09:39
the way you might love a family member.
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당신이 가쑱을 μ‚¬λž‘ν•˜λŠ” 방식과 같은 압도적인 μ‚¬λž‘μ˜ 감정에 λŒ€ν•΄ λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ•„λ‹™λ‹ˆλ‹€. 졜근 μ¦κ²¨ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” μΌμ΄λΌλŠ”
09:41
They're highlighting the fact that it's something they've been enjoying
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점을 λΆ€κ°μ‹œν‚€κ³  μžˆλ‹€
09:45
recently.
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.
09:46
And now let's look at a second situation in which you want to use the present.
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이제 ν˜„μž¬λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ €λŠ” 두 번째 상황을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
09:51
perfect simple.
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ λ‹¨μˆœ. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄,
09:54
When you're talking about how much or how many,
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μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ 많이 λ˜λŠ” μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기할 λ•Œ
09:58
for example, I've read three books this month.
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, λ‚˜λŠ” 이번 달에 μ„Έ ꢌ의 책을 μ½μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:02
I'm talking about how many books I've read,
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λ‚˜λŠ” λ‚΄κ°€ μ–Όλ§ˆλ‚˜ λ§Žμ€ 책을 μ½μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€,
10:06
or I've already had a lot of coffee this morning.
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λ˜λŠ” 였늘 아침에 이미 컀피λ₯Ό 많이 λ§ˆμ…¨λŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:11
I've already had a lot of coffee.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 이미 λ§Žμ€ 컀피λ₯Ό λ§ˆμ…¨λ‹€.
10:12
We're talking about how much in both cases,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 두 경우 λͺ¨λ‘ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μœΌλ‘œ
10:16
I cannot switch to the present perfect continuous.
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μ „ν™˜ν•  수 μ—†λŠ” 정도에 λŒ€ν•΄ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
10:21
I cannot say I have been reading three books this month.
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이번 달에 μ„Έ ꢌ의 책을 μ½μ—ˆλ‹€κ³  말할 수 μ—†μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:24
It doesn't work when we include quantity,
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μˆ˜λŸ‰μ„ 포함할 λ•Œ
10:29
how much or how many it's best to choose the present perfect simple.
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ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ λ‹¨μˆœμ„ μ„ νƒν•˜λŠ” 것이 κ°€μž₯ μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:34
From there,
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κ±°κΈ°μ—μ„œ
10:35
let's look at situations in which you want to select the present perfect
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ν˜„μž¬μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ„ νƒν•˜κ³  싢은 상황을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄μž
10:40
continuous form.
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.
10:42
When a situation is new or temporary,
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상황이 μƒˆλ‘­κ±°λ‚˜ μΌμ‹œμ μΈ 경우
10:46
the present perfect continuous is a better choice.
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ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ΄ 더 λ‚˜μ€ μ„ νƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:49
Let's go through a couple of scenarios to highlight that in scenario.
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μ‹œλ‚˜λ¦¬μ˜€μ—μ„œ 이λ₯Ό κ°•μ‘°ν•˜κΈ° μœ„ν•΄ λͺ‡ 가지 μ‹œλ‚˜λ¦¬μ˜€λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
10:53
Number one, let's say that a friend of yours is looking to join in a gym,
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첫 번째둜, λ‹Ήμ‹ μ˜ μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ μ²΄μœ‘κ΄€μ— κ°€μž…ν•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό μ›ν•˜κ³ 
10:58
and she knows that you've been a long-time member of a gym near your home.
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있고 κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 당신이 집 κ·Όμ²˜μ— μžˆλŠ” μ²΄μœ‘κ΄€μ˜ 였랜 νšŒμ›μ΄λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
11:03
So she's curious if you recommend it. And when you respond to her,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 당신이 그것을 μΆ”μ²œν•˜λŠ”μ§€ κΆκΈˆν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 그리고 당신이 κ·Έλ…€μ—κ²Œ λŒ€λ‹΅ν•  λ•Œ, λΆˆν–‰νžˆλ„
11:08
you might say the gym near my home closed, unfortunately.
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우리 집 근처 μ²΄μœ‘κ΄€μ΄ 문을 λ‹«μ•˜λ‹€κ³  말할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
11:13
So I've been going to the gym near work.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ €λŠ” 직μž₯ 근처 ν—¬μŠ€μž₯을 λ‹€λ‹ˆκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:17
We're using the present perfect continuous,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
11:20
because this is a relatively new situation.
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이것은 비ꡐ적 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 상황이기 λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:24
It's permanent because the gym near your home has closed.
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집 근처 μ²΄μœ‘κ΄€μ΄ 문을 λ‹«μ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— μ˜κ΅¬μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:28
And it's new. Now let's change this scenario just a little bit.
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그리고 그것은 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이제 이 μ‹œλ‚˜λ¦¬μ˜€λ₯Ό μ•½κ°„ λ³€κ²½ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
11:33
Let's imagine that once again,
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λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번
11:35
your friend is asking about your recommendation and the gym
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μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ μΆ”μ²œμ— λŒ€ν•΄ 묻고
11:40
near your home is temporarily closed for renovations.
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집 근처 μ²΄μœ‘κ΄€μ΄ 보수 κ³΅μ‚¬λ‘œ 인해 μΌμ‹œμ μœΌλ‘œ 문을 λ‹«μ•˜λ‹€κ³  상상해 λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
11:44
Although the closure is temporary,
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νμ‡„λŠ” μΌμ‹œμ μ΄μ§€λ§Œ
11:46
you would still respond with the gym near my home is closed for
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우리 집 근처 μ²΄μœ‘κ΄€μ€ λ¦¬λ…Έλ² μ΄μ…˜μ„ μœ„ν•΄ 문을 λ‹«λŠ”λ‹€κ³  λŒ€λ‹΅ν•  κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:51
renovations.
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.
11:52
So I've been going to the gym near work in both situations
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ μ œκ°€ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆλŠ” 두 상황 λͺ¨λ‘ 직μž₯ 근처 ν—¬μŠ€μž₯을 λ‹€λ‹ˆκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
11:57
I'm using.
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.
11:58
I have been going because the situation is either new
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λ‚˜λŠ” 상황이 μƒˆλ‘­
12:03
or temporary.
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κ±°λ‚˜ μΌμ‹œμ μ΄κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ— κ°€κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:04
And now let's look at a second situation in which it's better to choose the
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이제 ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ„ νƒν•˜λŠ” 것이 더 λ‚˜μ€ 두 번째 상황을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
12:09
present perfect continuous. When
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.
12:12
we are emphasizing the length of time in this third
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이 μ„Έ 번째 μ‹œλ‚˜λ¦¬μ˜€μ—μ„œ μ‹œκ°„μ˜ 길이λ₯Ό κ°•μ‘°ν•  λ•Œ
12:18
scenario. Let's say that you and a coworker are waiting on a friend at lunch
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. κ·€ν•˜μ™€ λ™λ£Œκ°€ 점심 μ‹œκ°„μ— 친ꡬλ₯Ό 기닀리고 μžˆλŠ”λ°
12:24
and your friend hasn't arrived.
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μΉœκ΅¬κ°€ λ„μ°©ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:27
She hasn't texted to say why she's late.
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ™œ λŠ¦μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€μ— λŒ€ν•œ 문자λ₯Ό 보내지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:29
It's been a long time you're to feel a bit frustrated,
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당신이 λ‹€μ†Œ μ’Œμ ˆκ°μ„ λŠλΌκ±°λ‚˜
12:34
maybe even annoyed. So you might exclaim,
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μ§œμ¦μ„ λ‚Ό μˆ˜λ„ μžˆλŠ” 였랜 μ‹œκ°„μ΄ μ§€λ‚¬μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 당신은 외칠지도 λͺ¨λ¦…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:38
we've been waiting for over an hour, where on earth is she?
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ λ„˜κ²Œ κΈ°λ‹€λ ΈλŠ”λ° λ„λŒ€μ²΄ κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 어디에 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
12:43
We've been waiting for over an hour.
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ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ λ„˜κ²Œ κΈ°λ‹€λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:46
By choosing the perfect continuous form it emphasizes that length of time and it
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ μ—°μ†ν˜•μ„ μ„ νƒν•¨μœΌλ‘œμ¨ μ‹œκ°„μ˜ 길이λ₯Ό κ°•μ‘°ν•˜κ³ 
12:51
lends to that of exasperation or annoyance.
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λΆ„λ…Έλ‚˜ μ„±κ°€μ‹¬μ˜ μ‹œκ°„μ„ μ œκ³΅ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
12:57
We could definitely say,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λΆ„λͺ…νžˆ 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:00
we have waited for over an hour. Where is she?
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” ν•œ μ‹œκ°„ λ„˜κ²Œ κΈ°λ‹€λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλ…€λŠ” μ–΄λ”” μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
13:04
But it loses some of that power. It loses that emphasis.
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κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜ 그것은 κ·Έ 힘의 일뢀λ₯Ό μžƒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έ 강쑰점을 μžƒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:09
So once again, when you want to emphasize the length of,
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번, λ¬΄μ—‡μΈκ°€μ˜ 길이λ₯Ό κ°•μ‘°ν•˜κ³  싢을 λ•Œ
13:14
for something, we would use the present perfect continuous Okay.
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ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:19
We have just a few more key points to help.
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도움이 될 λͺ‡ 가지 핡심 사항이 더 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:22
You clearly understand exactly when to use the present.
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ν˜„μž¬λ₯Ό μ–Έμ œ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ •ν™•νžˆ μ΄ν•΄ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:26
perfect simple versus the continuous form.
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μ™„μ „ λ‹¨μˆœ λŒ€ 연속 ν˜•μ‹.
13:29
I know there's a lot of information here,
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여기에 λ§Žμ€ 정보가 μžˆλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ•Œκ³  μžˆμœΌλ―€λ‘œ ν•„μš”ν•œ 만큼 천천히
13:31
so you can take it as slowly as you need to.
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가져가셔도 λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
13:34
You can come back and re-watch this video anytime.
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μ–Έμ œλ“ μ§€ λŒμ•„μ™€μ„œ 이 λΉ„λ””μ˜€λ₯Ό λ‹€μ‹œ λ³Ό 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:38
I also encourage you to write down examples.
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λ‚˜λŠ” λ˜ν•œ 당신이 예제λ₯Ό μž‘μ„±ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ’‹μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
13:41
Even if you think of 'em later today or tomorrow or next week
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λ‚˜μ€‘μ— μ˜€λŠ˜μ΄λ‚˜ λ‚΄μΌμ΄λ‚˜ λ‹€μŒ 주에 그것듀을 μƒκ°ν•˜λ”λΌλ„ κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄
13:46
doing that is going to help you remember what you've learned here and make it
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μ—¬κΈ°μ„œ 배운 것을 κΈ°μ–΅ν•˜κ³  μ˜μ–΄λ‘œ λ§ν•˜λŠ”
13:50
easier to make these choices in the moment that you're speaking English.
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μˆœκ°„μ— μ΄λŸ¬ν•œ 선택을 더 μ‰½κ²Œ ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
13:56
If you're feeling ready to go, let's move on to our final section,
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갈 μ€€λΉ„κ°€ λ˜μ—ˆμœΌλ©΄ λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ μ„Ήμ…˜μœΌλ‘œ λ„˜μ–΄κ°€μ„œ
14:00
where we're going to look at three different situations in which you have to
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14:04
make a choice between the perfect simple or the perfect continuous
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μ™„λ£Œ λ‹¨μˆœ λ˜λŠ” μ™„λ£Œ 진행 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό 선택해야 ν•˜λŠ” μ„Έ 가지 상황을 μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:10
and the choice you make will change the meaning slightly.
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의미λ₯Ό 살짝 λ°”κΏ”λ³΄μ„Έμš”.
14:15
The situation we need to assess is whether it's a singular or repetitive
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 평가해야 ν•  상황은 그것이 λ‹¨μΌν•œ 행동인지 반볡적인
14:19
action.
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ν–‰λ™μΈμ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ™μž‘μ΄ λ‹¨μˆ˜μΈμ§€ λͺ…ν™•νžˆ ν•˜λŠ” 데
14:20
Let me give you a scenario to help clarify if an action is singular,
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도움이 λ˜λŠ” μ‹œλ‚˜λ¦¬μ˜€λ₯Ό μ œκ³΅ν•˜κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ λ‹¨μˆœμ„
14:25
it has happened one time we use the present perfect simple. For example,
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μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 경우 λ°œμƒν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄,
14:31
let's say that you and your team are trying to make an important decision
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κ·€ν•˜μ™€ κ·€ν•˜μ˜ νŒ€μ΄ μ€‘μš”ν•œ μ˜μ‚¬ κ²°μ • ν”„λ‘œμ νŠΈλ₯Ό μ§„ν–‰ν•˜λ €κ³ 
14:36
project,
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14:36
but you cannot make that decision until you talk to the client
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ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ λ‹€μŒ νŒ€ νšŒμ˜μ—μ„œ 고객과 이야기할 λ•ŒκΉŒμ§€ 결정을 내릴 수 μ—†λ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
14:42
at the next team meeting, you might say,
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14:45
I've tried to call them and they haven't answered. However,
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λŒ€λ‹΅ν•˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·ΈλŸ¬λ‚˜
14:50
let's change the scenario just a little bit.
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μ‹œλ‚˜λ¦¬μ˜€λ₯Ό 쑰금만 λ³€κ²½ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
14:52
And imagine that you have called time and time. Again,
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그리고 당신이 μ‹œκ°„κ³Ό μ‹œκ°„μ„ λΆˆλ €λ‹€κ³  μƒμƒν•΄λ³΄μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€. λ‹€μ‹œ λ§ν•˜μ§€λ§Œ νŒ€ νšŒμ˜μ—μ„œ
14:57
maybe you've attempted to call the client four or five times
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κ³ κ°μ—κ²Œ 4~5번 μ „ν™”λ₯Ό μ‹œλ„ν–ˆμ„ 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:02
in the team meeting. You might say I've been calling them for days,
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. 당신은 λ‚΄κ°€ λ©°μΉ  λ™μ•ˆ κ·Έλ“€μ—κ²Œ μ „ν™”λ₯Ό κ±Έμ—ˆμ§€λ§Œ
15:06
but they haven't answered the phone.
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그듀은 μ „ν™”λ₯Ό 받지 μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€κ³  말할 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ°˜λ³΅λ˜μ„œ μ—¬λŸ¬λ²ˆ ν•˜μ…¨λ‹€κ³ 
15:09
I've been calling them for days because you've done it multiple
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λ©°μΉ μ§Έ μ „ν™”ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€
15:14
times because it's repeated.
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.
15:16
We use the present perfect continuous in a similar way,
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” λΉ„μŠ·ν•œ λ°©μ‹μœΌλ‘œ ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:20
hobbies or habits that you have can be considered ongoing or repeated.
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당신이 가지고 μžˆλŠ” μ·¨λ―Έλ‚˜ μŠ΅κ΄€μ€ 진행 μ€‘μ΄κ±°λ‚˜ λ°˜λ³΅λ˜λŠ” κ²ƒμœΌλ‘œ 간주될 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:25
For example, let's say that you're chatting with a friend about a new habit.
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예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄ μΉœκ΅¬μ™€ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ μŠ΅κ΄€μ— λŒ€ν•΄ 이야기λ₯Ό λ‚˜λˆ„κ³  μžˆλ‹€κ³  κ°€μ •ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:30
You've I, since the start of the new year,
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ€ μƒˆν•΄κ°€ μ‹œμž‘λœ μ΄ν›„λ‘œ
15:33
you could say since January,
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1μ›”λΆ€ν„° 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:35
I've been carving out 20 minutes of time, every day to do yoga,
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μ €λŠ” 맀일 20λΆ„μ˜ μ‹œκ°„μ„ ν• μ• ν•˜μ—¬ μš”κ°€λ₯Ό ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:40
this is a repetitive ongoing action.
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이것은 반볡적이고 지속적인 ν–‰λ™μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:44
It's also something that's new,
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그것은 λ˜ν•œ
15:46
which we had talked about previously as being a situation in which we use
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 이전에
15:51
the present perfect continuous.
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ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 상황이라고 μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν–ˆλ˜ μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
15:54
The second thing that we want to think about when we're deciding between the
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15:57
present perfect simple and the present perfect continuous is whether an action
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ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ λ‹¨μˆœκ³Ό ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ 진행 μ‚¬μ΄μ—μ„œ κ²°μ •ν•  λ•Œ μƒκ°ν•˜κ³  싢은 두 번째 사항은 μž‘μ—…μ΄
16:02
is finished or unfinished. Once again,
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μ™„λ£Œλ˜μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ™„λ£Œλ˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜λŠ”μ§€ μ—¬λΆ€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번
16:05
let's look at several examples because that always makes it easier.
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λͺ‡ 가지 예λ₯Ό μ‚΄νŽ΄λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλ ‡κ²Œ ν•˜λ©΄ 항상 μž‘μ—…μ΄ μ‰¬μ›Œμ§€κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:09
If I say I've read book already, it was fantastic
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I've read book already, it was fancy
16:15
in that sentence, I'm using the present perfect simple,
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in the sentence, I'm use the present perfect simple,
16:19
and it indicates that something is finished or completed. I have read that book.
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그리고 그것은 무언가가 μ™„λ£Œλ˜μ—ˆκ±°λ‚˜ μ™„λ£Œλ˜μ—ˆμŒμ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” κ·Έ 책을 μ½μ—ˆλ‹€.
16:24
I'm done. Let's talk all about it. Example number two,
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끝났어. 그것에 λŒ€ν•΄ λͺ¨λ‘ μ΄μ•ΌκΈ°ν•©μ‹œλ‹€. 두 번째 예,
16:29
I've been reading that book you told me about. It's fantastic.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 λ‚˜μ—κ²Œ λ§ν•œ κ·Έ 책을 읽고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . ν™˜μƒμ μ΄μ•Ό.
16:33
By using the perfect continuous I'm indicating that it is unfinished
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μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ―Έμ™„μ„±
16:38
or that it's ongoing. I definitely don't want you to tell me the end.
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λ˜λŠ” 진행 μ€‘μž„μ„ λ‚˜νƒ€λƒ…λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” ν™•μ‹€νžˆ 당신이 λ‚˜μ—κ²Œ 끝을 λ§ν•˜λŠ” 것을 μ›ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:43
I'm not finished with the book yet. Example number three,
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λ‚˜λŠ” 아직 책을 끝내지 μ•Šμ•˜λ‹€ . μ„Έ 번째 예,
16:47
I've been reading this book all day. I can't put it down.
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μ €λŠ” 이 책을 ν•˜λ£¨ 쒅일 읽고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” 그것을 내렀놓을 수 μ—†λ‹€.
16:52
I'm using present perfect continuous once again, because the day isn't finished,
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λ‚˜λŠ” ν˜„μž¬ μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . ν•˜λ£¨κ°€ λλ‚˜μ§€ μ•Šμ•˜κΈ° λ•Œλ¬Έμ—
16:57
I might continue reading.
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계속 읽을 μˆ˜λ„ μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
16:59
It's ongoing or continuous in the examples I shared.
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λ‚΄κ°€ κ³΅μœ ν•œ μ˜ˆμ—μ„œ 진행 μ€‘μ΄κ±°λ‚˜ μ—°μ†μ μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:03
You may have noticed the adverb already, which means before now,
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당신은 이미 뢀사λ₯Ό μ•Œμ•„μ°¨λ Έμ„ κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 즉, 이전에
17:08
indicating that something is complete as a result,
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μ–΄λ–€ 것이 결과적으둜 μ™„λ£Œλ˜μ—ˆμŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•˜λ©°,
17:12
we only use the adverb already in the present simple
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 뢀사 이미 ν˜„μž¬ κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ
17:17
form. I've read that book already.
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ν˜•νƒœλ‘œλ§Œ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‚˜λŠ” 이미 κ·Έ 책을 μ½μ—ˆλ‹€.
17:21
She has taken her medication already. Similarly,
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κ·Έλ…€λŠ” 이미 약을 λ¨Ήμ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μœ μ‚¬ν•˜κ²Œ,
17:24
the adverb yet also lends a sense of completeness,
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뢀사 아직 λ˜ν•œ 완전함을 μ œκ³΅ν•˜λ―€λ‘œ
17:29
which is why you'll hear.
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μ—¬λŸ¬λΆ„μ΄ λ“£κ²Œ 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:31
Have you read that book yet or no,
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당신은 κ·Έ 책을 아직 μ½μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ, μ•„λ‹ˆμ˜€,
17:34
I haven't read that book yet. Again.
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λ‚˜λŠ” 아직 κ·Έ 책을 읽지 μ•Šμ•˜μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. λ‹€μ‹œ.
17:37
We use that adverb with the present. perfect simple.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ 뢀사λ₯Ό ν˜„μž¬μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ μ‚¬μš©ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . μ™„λ²½ν•œ λ‹¨μˆœ.
17:41
And now it's time for our last consideration.
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이제 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰μœΌλ‘œ κ³ λ €ν•  μ‹œκ°„μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:45
The last situation in which we need to determine whether to use the perfect
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μ™„λ£Œ
17:48
simple or perfect continuous,
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λ‹¨μˆœ λ˜λŠ” μ™„λ£Œ 진행을 μ‚¬μš©ν• μ§€ μ—¬λΆ€λ₯Ό κ²°μ •ν•΄μ•Ό ν•˜λŠ” λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰ 상황이며
17:51
and it relates to the focus we have on the results,
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κ²°κ³Ό,
17:56
the outcome, or the achievement of an action.
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κ²°κ³Ό λ˜λŠ” μž‘μ—… 달성에 λŒ€ν•œ 초점과 κ΄€λ ¨λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
17:59
One question you can ask is does the result come after
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λ¬Όμ–΄λ³Ό 수 μžˆλŠ” ν•œ 가지 μ§ˆλ¬Έμ€
18:04
another action is complete. For example,
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λ‹€λ₯Έ μž‘μ—…μ΄ μ™„λ£Œλœ 후에 κ²°κ³Όκ°€ λ‚˜μ˜€λŠ”μ§€μž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 예λ₯Ό λ“€μ–΄,
18:08
they have done all their homework. So they're going to the park.
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그듀은 μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό λͺ¨λ‘ ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 그듀은 곡원에 갈 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:12
They've done all their homework. This implies that that action is complete.
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그듀은 λͺ¨λ“  μˆ™μ œλ₯Ό ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ΄λŠ” ν•΄λ‹Ή μž‘μ—…μ΄ μ™„λ£Œλ˜μ—ˆμŒμ„ μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:16
It's finished. And as a result, the kids can go to the park.
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끝났어. 결과적으둜 아이듀은 곡원에 갈 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:21
Now let's contrast that to how we might use the perfect continuous.
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이제 그것을 μ™„μ „ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 방법과 λŒ€μ‘°ν•΄ λ΄…μ‹œλ‹€.
18:27
I could say they've been studying all day and they're eager to go
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λ‚˜λŠ” 그듀이 ν•˜λ£¨ 쒅일 곡뢀λ₯Ό ν–ˆκ³ 
18:32
to the park. In this example, by using the perfect continuous,
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곡원에 κ°€κ³  μ‹Άμ–΄ν•œλ‹€κ³  말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 이 μ˜ˆμ—μ„œ μ™„λ£Œ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λ©΄ μ™„λ£Œλ˜μ—ˆλŠ”μ§€ μ—¬λΆ€λŠ”
18:36
it doesn't matter if it's finished or unfinished,
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μ€‘μš”ν•˜μ§€ μ•ŠμœΌλ©°
18:40
they might have more studying to do.
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더 λ§Žμ€ 곡뢀λ₯Ό ν•  수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:43
The focus has shifted to the process itself.
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μ΄ˆμ μ€ ν”„λ‘œμ„ΈμŠ€ 자체둜 μ΄λ™ν–ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:47
The fact that they've been studying all day, the outcomes that we can observe,
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그듀이 ν•˜λ£¨ 쒅일 κ³΅λΆ€ν–ˆλ‹€λŠ” 사싀 , μš°λ¦¬κ°€ κ΄€μ°°ν•  수 μžˆλŠ” κ²°κ³Ό,
18:51
the things that we can see feel and hear. All right,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 보고 느끼고 듀을 수 μžˆλŠ” 것듀 . 자,
18:56
now you have everything.
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이제 λͺ¨λ“  것이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
18:57
You need to understand how the perfect simple and continuous are
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μ™„μ „ λ‹¨μˆœν˜•κ³Ό μ—°μ†ν˜•μ΄ μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ
19:02
similar.
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μœ μ‚¬ν•œμ§€ 이해해야 ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:03
When you can use both perfect forms and the meaning is the same.
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μ™„λ²½ν•œ ν˜•νƒœλ₯Ό λͺ¨λ‘ μ‚¬μš©ν•  수 있고 μ˜λ―Έκ°€ 같을 λ•Œ.
19:09
And when you need to make a choice between the two and there might be a
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그리고 λ‘˜ 쀑 ν•˜λ‚˜λ₯Ό 선택해야 ν•˜κ³  였늘 마치기
19:13
difference in meaning before we finish today, let's do a quick test.
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전에 μ˜λ―Έμ— 차이가 μžˆμ„ 수 μžˆλŠ” 경우 λΉ λ₯Έ ν…ŒμŠ€νŠΈλ₯Ό μˆ˜ν–‰ν•΄ λ³΄κ² μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:17
I have four sentences for you.
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λ„€ λ¬Έμž₯이 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:19
And I want you to think about whether the sentence is correct or incorrect.
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그리고 λ¬Έμž₯이 λ§žλŠ”μ§€ 틀린지 μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ…¨μœΌλ©΄ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ .
19:24
If it's incorrect, I want you to think about why and how you would fix it.
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λ§Œμ•½ ν‹€λ Έλ‹€λ©΄ μ™œ, μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ κ³ μΉ  것인지 μƒκ°ν•΄λ³΄μ…¨μœΌλ©΄ ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:29
Here's number I've been knowing our neighbors for three years.
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3λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ 이웃을 μ•Œκ³  μ§€λ‚΄μ˜¨ λ²ˆν˜Έμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:34
What do you think? Is it correct or incorrect?
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜λ‚˜μš”? λ§žμŠ΅λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
19:38
I've been knowing our neighbors for three years.
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μ €λŠ” 3λ…„ λ™μ•ˆ 이웃을 μ•Œκ³  μ§€λƒˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:43
If you said it's incorrect, you're absolutely right.
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그것이 ν‹€λ Έλ‹€κ³  λ§ν•˜λ©΄ μ ˆλŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ μ˜³μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:47
Why we're using the verb. No,
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μš°λ¦¬κ°€ 동사λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 이유. μ•„λ‹ˆμš”,
19:50
which is a state of verb.
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이것은 λ™μ‚¬μ˜ μƒνƒœμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:53
And that means we use the perfect simple number two,
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그리고 그것은 μš°λ¦¬κ°€ μ™„λ²½ν•œ λ‹¨μˆœ 숫자 2λ₯Ό μ‚¬μš©ν•œλ‹€λŠ” 것을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
19:57
I've been drinking more water lately. So I feel a lot better.
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μ €λŠ” μ΅œκ·Όμ— 더 λ§Žμ€ 물을 λ§ˆμ‹œκ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 기뢄이 훨씬 μ’‹μ•„μ‘ŒμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ™„μ „ μ§„ν–‰ν˜•μ„
20:00
What do you think it's absolutely correct by using the
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μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ 그것이 μ ˆλŒ€μ μœΌλ‘œ μ˜³λ‹€κ³  μƒκ°ν•˜μ‹­λ‹ˆκΉŒ?
20:05
perfect continuous we're implying that it's something new or a habit.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” 그것이 μƒˆλ‘œμš΄ 것 λ˜λŠ” μŠ΅κ΄€μ΄λΌλŠ” 것을 μ•”μ‹œν•˜κ³  μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:10
Number three, this students have been finishing their exams already.
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μ…‹μ§Έ, 이 학생듀은 이미 μ‹œν—˜μ„ λ§ˆμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:16
What do you think? Number three is incorrect.
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μ–΄λ–»κ²Œ μƒκ°ν•˜λ‚˜μš”? 3λ²ˆμ€ ν‹€λ ΈμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:19
We have that adverb already, which once again means before now.
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μš°λ¦¬λŠ” κ·Έ 뢀사λ₯Ό 이미 가지고 μžˆλŠ”λ°, 이것은 λ‹€μ‹œ ν•œ 번 μ§€κΈˆ 이전을 μ˜λ―Έν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:25
And it has a sense of completeness or that something is finished.
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그리고 그것은 완전함 μ΄λ‚˜ 무언가가 μ™„μ„±λ˜μ—ˆλ‹€λŠ” λŠλ‚Œμ„ 가지고 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:28
So we should use the perfect simple. It should be.
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λ”°λΌμ„œ μ™„μ „ λ‹¨μˆœν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•΄μ•Ό ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . κ·Έκ²ƒμ€ν•΄μ•Όν•œλ‹€.
20:32
The students have finished their exams already.
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학생듀은 이미 μ‹œν—˜μ„ λ§ˆμ³€μŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:37
And now the last one for today. Number four,
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그리고 이제 였늘의 λ§ˆμ§€λ§‰. λ„·μ§Έ, ν•˜λ£¨
20:40
I've read the book all day. It's a page Turner.
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쒅일 책을 μ½μ—ˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€ . νŽ˜μ΄μ§€ ν„°λ„ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:44
I've read the book all day. It's a page Turner.
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λ‚˜λŠ” ν•˜λ£¨ 쒅일 κ·Έ 책을 μ½μ—ˆλ‹€ . νŽ˜μ΄μ§€ ν„°λ„ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€.
20:48
What do you think is the day finished?
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λλ‚˜λŠ” 날이 뭐라고 μƒκ°ν•˜μ„Έμš”?
20:53
It's not it's unfinished,
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미완성인 것이 μ•„λ‹ˆλ―€
20:55
so it's better to use the perfect continuous form.
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둜 μ™„λ²½ν•œ μ—°μ†ν˜•μ„ μ‚¬μš©ν•˜λŠ” 것이 μ’‹λ‹€.
21:00
I have been reading the book all day. It's a page Turner,
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λ‚˜λŠ” ν•˜λ£¨ 쒅일 책을 읽고 μžˆλ‹€ . μ˜μ‹¬μ˜ 여지없이 νŽ˜μ΄μ§€ ν„°λ„ˆμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€
21:04
without a doubt. I hope that you found is lesson useful to you. If you did.
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. λ‚˜λŠ” 당신이 λ‹Ήμ‹ μ—κ²Œ μœ μš©ν•œ κ΅ν›ˆμ„ μ°Ύμ•˜κΈ°λ₯Ό λ°”λžλ‹ˆλ‹€. κ·Έλž¬λ‹€λ©΄.
21:09
I'd love to know, and you can tell me in one very simple way,
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μ €λŠ” μ•Œκ³  μ‹ΆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ•„μ£Ό κ°„λ‹¨ν•œ λ°©λ²•μœΌλ‘œ μ €μ—κ²Œ 말할 수 μžˆμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:13
give this lesson a thumbs up here on YouTube and subscribe to the Speak
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μ—¬κΈ° YouTubeμ—μ„œ 이 λ ˆμŠ¨μ— μ’‹μ•„μš”λ₯Ό λˆ„λ₯΄κ³  Speak
21:17
Confident English channel.
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Confident English 채널을 κ΅¬λ…ν•˜μ„Έμš”.
21:18
So you never miss one of my Confident English lessons.
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κ·Έλž˜μ„œ 제 μžμ‹ κ° μžˆλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ ν•˜λ‚˜λ„ λ†“μΉ˜μ§€ μ•ŠμŠ΅λ‹ˆλ‹€. 였늘
21:21
Thank you so much for joining me today. Thank you for sticking with me.
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저와 ν•¨κ»˜ν•΄μ£Όμ…”μ„œ 정말 κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€ . λ‚˜μ™€ ν•¨κ»˜ ν•΄μ£Όμ…”μ„œ κ°μ‚¬ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
21:25
As we walk through this process to better understand the perfect simple and
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이 과정을 κ±°μΉ˜λ©΄μ„œ μ˜μ–΄μ˜ μ™„λ²½ν•œ λ‹¨μˆœ 및 μ™„λ²½ν•œ 연속을 더 잘 μ΄ν•΄ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€
21:30
the perfect continuous in English. I look forward to seeing you next time.
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. λ‹€μŒμ— 또 λ΅™κΈ°λ₯Ό κΈ°λŒ€ν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€.
이 μ›Ήμ‚¬μ΄νŠΈ 정보

이 μ‚¬μ΄νŠΈλŠ” μ˜μ–΄ ν•™μŠ΅μ— μœ μš©ν•œ YouTube λ™μ˜μƒμ„ μ†Œκ°œν•©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ „ 세계 졜고의 μ„ μƒλ‹˜λ“€μ΄ κ°€λ₯΄μΉ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μˆ˜μ—…μ„ 보게 될 κ²ƒμž…λ‹ˆλ‹€. 각 λ™μ˜μƒ νŽ˜μ΄μ§€μ— ν‘œμ‹œλ˜λŠ” μ˜μ–΄ μžλ§‰μ„ 더블 ν΄λ¦­ν•˜λ©΄ κ·Έκ³³μ—μ„œ λ™μ˜μƒμ΄ μž¬μƒλ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. λΉ„λ””μ˜€ μž¬μƒμ— 맞좰 μžλ§‰μ΄ μŠ€ν¬λ‘€λ©λ‹ˆλ‹€. μ˜κ²¬μ΄λ‚˜ μš”μ²­μ΄ μžˆλŠ” 경우 이 문의 양식을 μ‚¬μš©ν•˜μ—¬ λ¬Έμ˜ν•˜μ‹­μ‹œμ˜€.

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