OVER and UNDER Prefixes: Grow Your Vocabulary With Simple English Videos

17,176 views ใƒป 2017-10-13

Simple English Videos


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Over and under โ€“ theyโ€™re prepositions.
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Over and under โ€“ ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:05
But they can also be prefixes.
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:08
Put them in front of other words and they make new words.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด ์•ž์— ๋†“์œผ๋ฉด ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:12
Letโ€™s start with under.
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์•„๋ž˜๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•˜๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:14
Iโ€™ve got two meanings for you.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์—๊ฒŒ ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:17
The first one is like the preposition.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:20
It means beneath, so below or inside other things.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ฒƒ์˜ ์•„๋ž˜ ๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๋ถ€๋ฅผ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:26
Heating thatโ€™s placed beneath the floor is called underfloor heating.
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๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ์— ์„ค์น˜ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์„ ๋ฐ”๋‹ฅ๋‚œ๋ฐฉ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋„๋กœ
00:32
Trains that operate in the ground beneath streets are underground trains.
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์•„๋ž˜์˜ ์ง€์ƒ์—์„œ ์šดํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ์—ด์ฐจ๋Š” ์ง€ํ•˜ ์—ด์ฐจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:40
Clothes we wear next to our skin, beneath our other clothes, are underclothes or underwear.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ”ผ๋ถ€ ์˜†์—, ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ท ์•„๋ž˜์— ์ž…๋Š” ์˜ท์€ ์†์˜ท ๋˜๋Š” ์†์˜ท์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:50
We can go swimming or we can go underwater swimming.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ˆ˜์˜์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ์ˆ˜์ค‘ ์ˆ˜์˜์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
00:56
Now the second meaning.
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์ด์ œ ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜๋ฏธ.
00:59
What does the prefix โ€˜underโ€™ mean in this word?
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์ด ๋‹จ์–ด์—์„œ ์ ‘๋‘์‚ฌ '์•„๋ž˜'๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
01:03
Excuse me.
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์‹ค๋ก€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:05
Yes.
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์˜ˆ.
01:06
This egg is undercooked.
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์ด ๊ณ„๋ž€์€ ๋œ ์ต์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:08
Oh.
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์˜ค.
01:09
It looks all right to me.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋‚˜์—๊ฒŒ ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์•„ ๋ณด์ธ๋‹ค.
01:11
Are you kidding?
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๋†๋‹ดํ•˜๋‹ˆ?
01:15
Ah, I see what you mean.
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์•„, ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋ง์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด.
01:19
So what does under mean here?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ under๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ• ๊นŒ์š”?
01:21
It means not enough - not sufficient.
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์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค - ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
If we donโ€™t have enough insurance then weโ€™re underinsured.
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๋ณดํ—˜์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ณดํ—˜์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:33
If a company doesnโ€™t have enough workers, then itโ€™s understaffed.
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ํšŒ์‚ฌ์— ์ง์›์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ์ง์›์ด ๋ถ€์กฑํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:40
And if a worker doesnโ€™t get paid enough, theyโ€™re underpaid.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทผ๋กœ์ž๊ฐ€ ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•œ ๊ธ‰์—ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ๋ชปํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ธ‰์—ฌ๊ฐ€ ์ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:46
Great.
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์—„์ฒญ๋‚œ.
01:48
Now what about over?
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์ด์ œ ๋๋‚ฌ์–ด?
01:50
Itโ€™s the opposite of under and again weโ€™ve got two meanings.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ under์˜ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€์ด๊ณ  ๋‹ค์‹œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:56
The first one is like the preposition.
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ๋Š” ์ „์น˜์‚ฌ์™€ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
It means above or on top of.
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์œ„, ์œ„์—๋ผ๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:03
A coat we wear on top of our normal clothes is an overcoat.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ‰์ƒ๋ณต ์œ„์— ์ž…๋Š” ์™ธํˆฌ๋Š” ์™ธํˆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:09
When weโ€™re doing dirty work we might wear overalls.
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๋”๋Ÿฌ์šด ์ผ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์ž‘์—…๋ณต์„ ์ž…์„ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:14
They call them coveralls in American English.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ž‘์—…๋ณต์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:19
If we work more hours than usual โ€“ so on top of our normal hours, we work overtime.
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ํ‰์†Œ๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ์ผํ•˜๋ฉด ์ •์ƒ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ์™ธ์— ์ดˆ๊ณผ ๊ทผ๋ฌด๋ฅผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:27
OK, ready for the second meaning?
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์ž, ๋‘ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ์˜๋ฏธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
02:31
What does over mean here?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ over๋Š” ๋ฌด์Šจ ๋œป์ธ๊ฐ€์š”?
02:35
Hey!
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์š”!
02:36
Yes?
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์˜ˆ?
02:37
This egg is overcooked.
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์ด ๊ณ„๋ž€์€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์ต์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
Really?
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02:39
I can't eat this.
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์ •๋ง?
๋‚˜๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ๋จน์„ ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋‹ค. ๊ณผ๋ฏผ
02:42
There's no need to overreact.
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๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•  ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:46
Overcooked means cooked too long.
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Overcooked๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ์˜ค๋ž˜ ์ตํžŒ ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:49
And overreact means react too strongly, with too much emotion.
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๊ณผ์ž‰ ๋ฐ˜์‘์ด๋ž€ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ์ •์ ์œผ๋กœ ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๊ฐ•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋ฐ˜์‘ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:57
So over means too much โ€“ more than sufficient.
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ over๋Š” ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ๋‹ค๋Š” ๋œป์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ถฉ๋ถ„ ์ด์ƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:01
Sorry.
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์ฃ„์†กํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:02
I got overemotional.
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ง€๋‚˜์น˜๊ฒŒ ๊ฐ์ •์ ์ด์—ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
Yes, you did.
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๋„ค, ๊ทธ๋žฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
There are some words we can combine with over or under and we get opposite meanings.
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over ๋˜๋Š” under์™€ ๊ฒฐํ•ฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉฐ ๋ฐ˜๋Œ€ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:15
A road that passes under another road is an underpass.
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๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋„๋กœ ์•„๋ž˜๋ฅผ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•˜๋Š” ๋„๋กœ๋Š” ์ง€ํ•˜๋„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:21
And a road that passes over another road is anโ€ฆ overpass.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๊ธธ์„ ์ง€๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ธธ์€ ๊ณ ๊ฐ€๋„๋กœ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:27
We also call it a flyover in British English.
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์˜๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด๋กœ๋Š” flyover๋ผ๊ณ ๋„ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:30
If the price of something is less than its real value, itโ€™s underpriced.
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๋ฌด์–ธ๊ฐ€์˜ ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ์‹ค์ œ ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋‚ฎ์œผ๋ฉด ์ €ํ‰๊ฐ€๋œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:39
And if itโ€™s too expensive and it costs more than itโ€™s worth itโ€™s overpriced.
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๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋น„์‹ธ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์น˜๋ณด๋‹ค ๋” ๋น„์‹ธ๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ฐ€๊ฒฉ์ด ๋น„์‹ธ๋‹ค. ์‚ฌ์ง„์„
03:46
If you donโ€™t let enough light in when youโ€™re taking a photo, it will be underexposed.
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์ฐ์„ ๋•Œ ๋น›์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํžˆ ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋…ธ์ถœ ๋ถ€์กฑ์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:54
And if too much light gets in, itโ€™ll be overexposed.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ์€ ๋น›์ด ๋“ค์–ด์˜ค๋ฉด ๋…ธ์ถœ ๊ณผ๋‹ค๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:02
Some people have too much work to do and they are overworked.
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์–ด๋–ค ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ•  ์ผ์ด ๋„ˆ๋ฌด ๋งŽ๊ณ  ๊ณผ๋กœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:08
And others donโ€™t have enough to do.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค์€ ํ•  ์ผ์ด ์ถฉ๋ถ„ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:11
Theyโ€™re underworked.
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๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์ œ๋Œ€๋กœ ์ž‘๋™ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:14
Can you think of any more over- or under- words?
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๊ณผ๋Œ€ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ณผ์†Œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋” ์ƒ๊ฐํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
04:18
Tell us in the comments.
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์˜๊ฒฌ์— ์•Œ๋ ค์ฃผ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
04:20
If you liked this video, give it a thumbs up and subscribe to our channel.
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์ด ์˜์ƒ์ด ๋งˆ์Œ์— ๋“œ์…จ๋‹ค๋ฉด ์ข‹์•„์š”๋ฅผ ๋ˆ„๋ฅด๊ณ  ์ €ํฌ ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.
04:26
Bye now.
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์ด์ œ ์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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