The Sounds of American English -- General Information to Get Started

41,833 views ใƒป 2015-12-22

Rachel's English


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
In this American English Pronunciation
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์ด ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด ๋ฐœ์Œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ๋Š” ๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด
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video, weโ€™re going to go over a few
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general concepts concerning the sounds
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ์— ๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:08
of American English.
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.
00:16
Before you study the Sounds of
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Sounds of
00:18
American English specifically, letโ€™s go
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American English๋ฅผ ๊ตฌ์ฒด์ ์œผ๋กœ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์ „์—
00:21
over a few general concepts.
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๊ฐœ๋…์„ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:23
First, voiced vs. unvoiced sounds. A
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์ฒซ์งธ, ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ ๋Œ€ ๋ฌด์„ฑ์Œ.
00:28
voiced sound is a sound that uses the
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์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์€ ์Œ์„ฑ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:31
voice, uh. An unvoiced sound is a sound
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. ๋ฌด์„ฑ์Œ์€
00:36
that only uses air, hh. Uh, hh. Every
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๊ณต๊ธฐ๋งŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์–ด, ํ—ˆ.
00:45
vowel and diphthong in American
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋ชจ๋“  ๋ชจ์Œ๊ณผ ์ด์ค‘ ๋ชจ์Œ์€
00:47
English is voiced; we engage the vocal
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์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์„ฑ๋Œ€๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ
00:49
cords to make a sound: aa, ur, oy.
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์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋ƒ…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„, ์šฐ๋ฅด, ์˜ค์ด.
00:57
Consonants can either be voiced or
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์ž์Œ์€ ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„
01:00
unvoiced. There is a set of
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๋ฌด์„ฑ์Œ์ด ๋  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:02
consonantsโ€”paired consonantsโ€”
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01:05
where both sounds in each pair have
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๊ฐ ์Œ์˜ ๋‘ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€
01:07
the same mouth position. What makes
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๋™์ผํ•œ ์ž… ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ–๋Š” ์ž์Œ ์Œ(์Œ ์ž์Œ)์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:10
them different is one is voiced and one
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋‹ค๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š” ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์ด๊ณ  ํ•˜๋‚˜๋Š”
01:13
is unvoiced. For example, pp and bb.
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๋ฌด์„ฑ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, pp ๋ฐ bb์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:20
Can you tell which one is voiced?
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์–ด๋Š ๊ฒƒ์ด ์œ ์„ฑ์ธ์ง€ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
01:23
Which has the vocal sound in it, uh? Itโ€™s
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๊ทธ ์•ˆ์— ๋ณด์ปฌ ์‚ฌ์šด๋“œ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ์–ด?
01:28
the B consonant, bb. Pp, bb.
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B ์ž์Œ bb์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ”ผ, ๋น„.
01:36
The rest of the consonants are not
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์ž์Œ์€
01:38
paired. They have a unique mouth
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์Œ์„ ์ด๋ฃจ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ๋…ํŠนํ•œ ์ž… ์œ„์น˜๋ฅผ ๊ฐ€์ง€๊ณ  ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:40
position. Out of these consonants, only
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. ์ด ์ž์Œ ์ค‘์—์„œ ๋‹จ
01:43
one is unvoiced, the H consonant. Hh.
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๋ฌด์„ฑ ์ž์Œ, H ์ž์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ.
01:49
The rest are all voiced, for example,
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๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€๋Š” ๋ชจ๋‘ ์œ ์„ฑ์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค(์˜ˆ:
01:53
mm, ww, ll.
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mm, ww, ll).
01:59
Second, letโ€™s talk about nasal sounds. A
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๋‘˜์งธ, ๋น„์Œ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:03
sound is nasal when the soft palate is
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”์–ด ๊ณต๊ธฐ๊ฐ€ ๋น„๊ฐ•์„ ํ†ต๊ณผํ•  ๋•Œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋น„์Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:06
lowered, allowing air to pass through
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02:08
the nasal passages. Some languages
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. ์ผ๋ถ€ ์–ธ์–ด์—๋Š”
02:12
have nasal vowels. English has none.
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๋น„์Œ ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด๋Š” ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:16
English has just three nasal consonants:
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์˜์–ด์—๋Š” nn, mm ๋ฐ ng์˜ ์„ธ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋น„์Œ ์ž์Œ๋งŒ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:19
nn, mm, and ng. If your native
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.
02:25
language has a lot of nasal vowels, youโ€™ll
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๋ชจ๊ตญ์–ด์— ๋น„์Œ ๋ชจ์Œ์ด ๋งŽ์œผ๋ฉด ์˜์–ด๋ฅผ
02:28
have to be careful when speaking
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๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ฃผ์˜ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:30
English.
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.
02:32
When youโ€™re working on the nasal
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๋น„์Œ ์ž์Œ์„ ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ๋•Œ
02:33
consonants, I encourage you not to
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02:36
worry about lowering the soft palate.
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์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐœ๋ฅผ ๋‚ฎ์ถ”๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:39
Iโ€™ve been working with students many
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๋‚˜๋Š” ์ˆ˜๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ผํ•ด ์™”์œผ๋ฉฐ
02:41
years and Iโ€™ve never found someone
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02:44
unable to do this. It happens naturally.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†๋Š” ์‚ฌ๋žŒ์„ ๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ž์—ฐ์Šค๋Ÿฝ๊ฒŒ ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:48
The main concern is making sure the
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์ฃผ์š” ๊ด€์‹ฌ์‚ฌ๋Š”
02:50
rest of the sounds in American English
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๋‚˜๋จธ์ง€ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์—
02:52
donโ€™t have a nasal quality, have a closed
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๋น„์Œ์ด ์—†๊ณ  ์—ฐ๊ตฌ๊ฐœ๊ฐ€ ๋‹ซํ˜€ ์žˆ๋Š”์ง€ ํ™•์ธํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:56
soft palate.
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.
02:58
Youโ€™ll notice in my videos, that I use symbols
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์ œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค์—์„œ ์ œ๊ฐ€
03:02
of the International Phonetic Alphabet.
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International Phonetic Alphabet์˜ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ˆˆ์น˜์ฑ„์…จ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:05
This system was developed to write the
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์ด ์‹œ์Šคํ…œ์€
03:07
sounds of spoken languages. In
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์Œ์„ฑ ์–ธ์–ด์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์“ฐ๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ฐœ๋ฐœ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:11
American English, certain sounds are
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด์—์„œ๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์˜
03:13
spelled lots of different ways. So having
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์ฒ ์ž๊ฐ€ ๋งค์šฐ ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
03:17
one symbol to represent one sound is
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ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚˜ํƒ€๋‚ด๋Š” ํ•˜๋‚˜์˜ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด
03:20
very helpful. I suggest using the
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๋งค์šฐ ์œ ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์™ธ๊ตญ์–ด ๋ฐœ์Œ์„ ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ๋•Œ
03:24
International Phonetic Alphabet any
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๋งˆ๋‹ค ๊ตญ์ œ ์Œ์„ฑ ์•ŒํŒŒ๋ฒณ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ œ์•ˆํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:26
time youโ€™re studying the pronunciation
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03:28
of a foreign language. In this set of
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. ์ด ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์„ธํŠธ์—์„œ
03:32
videos, youโ€™ll get acquainted with the
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03:34
symbols of the sounds of American
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ์‹ ์˜์–ด ์†Œ๋ฆฌ์˜ ๊ธฐํ˜ธ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์•Œ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:37
English.
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.
03:39
Finally, a note on stress. The stress of a
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰์œผ๋กœ ์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ฉ”๋ชจ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์Œ์ ˆ์˜ ๊ฐ•์„ธ๋Š” ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ์Œ์ ˆ์—
03:43
syllable affects everything about the
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๊ด€ํ•œ ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ์— ์˜ํ–ฅ์„ ๋ฏธ์นฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:45
syllable, including the sounds. Most of
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.
03:49
the length in syllables comes from the
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์Œ์ ˆ ๊ธธ์ด์˜ ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์€
03:52
vowel and diphthongs, so as you learn
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๋ชจ์Œ๊ณผ ์ด์ค‘๋ชจ์Œ์—์„œ ๋‚˜์˜ค๋ฏ€๋กœ
03:55
these, youโ€™ll learn how to make them
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์ด๊ฒƒ๋“ค์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๋ฉด์„œ
03:57
sound both stressed and unstressed.
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์ŠคํŠธ๋ ˆ์Šค๋ฅผ ๋ฐ›๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ๋ฐ›์ง€ ์•Š์€ ์ƒํƒœ์—์„œ ์†Œ๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ๋‚ด๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ๋ฐฐ์šฐ๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
Itโ€™s important to get used to the idea of
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04:04
making some syllables longer and
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์ผ๋ถ€ ์Œ์ ˆ์€ ๋” ๊ธธ๊ณ 
04:06
clearer, and other syllables shorter and
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๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์Œ์ ˆ์€ ๋” ์งง๊ณ 
04:10
less clear. This concept is one of the
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๋œ ๋ช…ํ™•ํ•˜๊ฒŒ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ์•„์ด๋””์–ด์— ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ค‘์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ๊ฐœ๋…์€
04:13
foundations of American English.
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๋ฏธ๊ตญ ์˜์–ด์˜ ๊ธฐ์ดˆ ์ค‘ ํ•˜๋‚˜์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
Now youโ€™re ready to dive in and study
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์ด์ œ
04:19
the Sounds of American English.
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Sounds of American English์— ๋›ฐ์–ด๋“ค์–ด ๊ณต๋ถ€ํ•  ์ค€๋น„๊ฐ€ ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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