English: How to Pronounce T and D consonants: American Accent

387,124 views ใƒป 2011-03-28

Rachel's English


ไธ‹ใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฟป่จณใ•ใ‚ŒใŸๅญ—ๅน•ใฏๆฉŸๆขฐ็ฟป่จณใงใ™ใ€‚

00:07
The T and D consonant sounds. These two sounds are paired together because they take the
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TใจDใฎๅญ้ŸณใŒ้ณดใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ2ใคใฎ้Ÿณ ใฏใ€ๅŒใ˜ๅฃใฎไฝ็ฝฎใ‚’ใจใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใ€ใƒšใ‚ขใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™
00:13
same mouth position. Tt is unvoiced, meaning, only air passes through the mouth. And dd
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ใ€‚ Ttใฏ็„กๅฃฐใงใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ ็ฉบๆฐ—ใ ใ‘ใŒๅฃใ‚’้€š้Žใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€dd
00:19
is voiced, meaning, uh, uh, dd, you make a noise with the vocal cords. These consonants
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ใฏๆฟใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ใˆใˆใจใ€ddใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ ๅฃฐๅธฏใง้Ÿณใ‚’็ซ‹ใฆใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅญ้Ÿณ
00:26
are stop consonants, which means there are two parts. First, a stop of the airflow, and
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ใฏๅœๆญขๅญ้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ใคใพใ‚Šใ€ 2ใคใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ็ฌฌไธ€ใซใ€ๆฐ—ๆตใฎๅœๆญขใ€ใใ—ใฆ
00:32
second, a release. The airflow is stopped by the tongue position. The tongue will come
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็ฌฌไบŒใซใ€่งฃๆ”พใงใ™ใ€‚ ็ฉบๆฐ—ใฎๆตใ‚Œใฏ ่ˆŒใฎไฝ็ฝฎใงๆญขใ‚ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ˆŒใŒ
00:37
up and the front part will touch the roof of the mouth just behind the top teeth. It
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ไธŠใŒใ‚Šใ€ ๅ‰ๆญฏใŒไธŠๆญฏใฎใ™ใๅพŒใ‚ใฎๅฃ่“‹ใซๆŽฅ่งฆใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚
00:45
will then pull down to release the air. The teeth are together, tt, and as the air comes
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ใใฎๅพŒใ€ๅผ•ใไธ‹ใ’ใฆ็ฉบๆฐ—ใ‚’ๆ”พๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆญฏใฏไธ€็ท’ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€ttใ€ใใ—ใฆ็ฉบๆฐ—ใŒๅ‡บ
00:53
out, when the tongue releases, they part, tt, dd. Let's take for example the word 'pat'.
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ใฆใใ‚‹ใจใ€่ˆŒใŒ่งฃๆ”พใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ ใฏๅˆฅใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€ttใ€ddใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œใƒ‘ใƒƒใƒˆใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๅ˜่ชžใ‚’่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚
01:01
Pat: the first part, the tongue has moved up into position, cutting off the flow of
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ใƒ‘ใƒƒใƒˆ๏ผšๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใงใฏใ€่ˆŒใŒ ๆ‰€ๅฎšใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใ€็ฉบๆฐ—ใฎๆตใ‚Œใ‚’้ฎๆ–ญใ—ใพใ—ใŸ
01:10
air. Pa-tt. And the second part, the tongue releases, and the air comes through the closed
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ใ€‚ Pa-ttใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆ็ฌฌไบŒใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใ€่ˆŒ ใŒ่งฃๆ”พใ•ใ‚Œใ€็ฉบๆฐ—ใŒ้–‰ใ˜ใŸๆญฏใ‚’้€šใฃใฆๅ…ฅใ‚Š
01:19
teeth. A note about the teeth position for the D. As I said, the teeth are together,
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ Dใฎๆญฏใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซใคใ„ใฆใฎใƒกใƒข ใ€‚็งใŒ่จ€ใฃใŸใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€ๆญฏใฏไธ€็ท’ใซใชใฃใฆใ„ใฆใ€
01:27
tt, and part when the air is released. This must happen for a release of the T. But the
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ttใ€ใใ—ใฆ็ฉบๆฐ—ใŒๆ”พๅ‡บใ•ใ‚ŒใŸใจใใซไธ€้ƒจใซใชใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œ ใฏTใฎใƒชใƒชใƒผใ‚นใง็™บ็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ๅฟ…่ฆใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€
01:33
D can actually be made without the teeth coming all the way together: dad, dad. You can see
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DใฏๅฎŸ้š›ใซใฏใ€ๆญฏใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใซ้›†ใพใ‚‹ใ“ใจใชใไฝœๆˆใงใ ใพใ™ใ€‚ใŠ็ˆถใ•ใ‚“ใ€ใŠ็ˆถใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
01:41
there the teeth are not closing all the way, but you're getting a D sound by the tongue
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ๆญฏใŒๅฎŒๅ…จใซ้–‰ใ˜ใฆใ„ใชใ„ใ“ใจ ใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใŒใ€่ˆŒ
01:45
coming up into position and pulling away. Stop consonants are sometimes pronounced without
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ใŒๆ‰€ๅฎšใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซไธŠใŒใฃใฆๅผ•ใ้›ขใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ€D้ŸณใŒ้ณดใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅœๆญขๅญ้Ÿณใฏใ€้Ÿณ็ฏ€ใพใŸใฏๅ˜่ชžใฎ็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใซๆฅใ‚‹ใจใใซใ€ใ“ใฎใƒชใƒชใƒผใ‚นใชใ—ใงใ€2็•ช็›ฎใฎ้ƒจๅˆ†ใชใ—ใง็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
01:51
the second part, without this release, when they come at the end of a syllable or a word.
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ใพใ™ใ€‚
01:58
Let's take for example the sentence 'I bet you did'. I bet, you can see the tongue has
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ‚„ใฃใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ใ€ใจใ„ใ†ๆ–‡ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ† ใ€‚ ใใฃใจใ€่ˆŒใŒ
02:06
moved up into position for the T. I bet you did. But rather than releasing air through
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Tใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซไธŠใŒใฃใŸใฎใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ใใฃใจใ‚ใชใŸ ใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ๆญฏใ‹ใ‚‰็ฉบๆฐ—ใ‚’ๆ”พๅ‡บใ™ใ‚‹ใฎใงใฏใชใ
02:14
the teeth, the mouth simply moves into the next sound, which is the 'ew' as in 'few'
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ใ€ๅฃใฏๅ˜ใซ ๆฌกใฎ้Ÿณใซ็งปๅ‹•ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€ใ€Œๅฐ‘ๆ•ฐใฎใ€ไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œewใ€
02:19
diphthong. I bet you did. I bet you did. No release. It's important to note we're not
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ใงใ™ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ใ€‚ ็งใฏใ‚ใชใŸใŒใ—ใŸใซ้•ใ„ใชใ„ใ€‚ ใƒชใƒชใƒผใ‚นใชใ—ใ€‚ ้Ÿณใ‚’็œใใ ใ‘ใงใฏใชใ„ใ“ใจใซๆณจๆ„ใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ้‡่ฆใงใ™
02:28
just leaving out the sound. I bet -- the tongue is moving into position, which is cutting
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ใ€‚ ็งใฏ่ณญใ‘ใพใ™-่ˆŒ ใฏๆ‰€ๅฎšใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซๅ‹•ใ„ใฆใ„ใฆใ€ใใ‚Œใฏ
02:35
off the airflow. And that stop is part of the T. I bet you did. So even though we're
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็ฉบๆฐ—ใฎๆตใ‚Œใ‚’้ฎๆ–ญใ—ใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใใฎๅœๆญขใฏ Tใฎไธ€้ƒจใงใ™ใ€‚ใใฃใจใ‚ใชใŸใฏใใ†ใ—ใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆ
02:42
not releasing to give the complete full T, the idea is still there by the tongue going
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ใ€ๅฎŒๅ…จใชๅฎŒๅ…จใชTใ‚’ๆไพ›ใ™ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใƒชใƒชใƒผใ‚นใ—ใฆใ„ใชใ ใฆใ‚‚ใ€่ˆŒ
02:48
into position, cutting off the airflow. So T and D can sometimes be pronounced with the
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ใŒๆ‰€ๅฎšใฎไฝ็ฝฎใซ้…็ฝฎใ•ใ‚Œใฆ็ฉบๆฐ—ใฎๆตใ‚ŒใŒ้ฎๆ–ญใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใจใ„ใ†ใ‚ขใ‚คใƒ‡ใ‚ขใฏใพใ ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใŸใŒใฃใฆใ€ TใจDใฏใ€ๅœๆญขใจ่งฃๆ”พใง็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Œใฐใ€ๅœๆญขใ ใ‘ใง็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใ“ใจใ‚‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™
02:55
stop and the release, and sometimes just the stop. The T has another pronunciation, it's
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ใ€‚ Tใซใฏๅˆฅใฎ็™บ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œ
03:03
call the flap or tap T, and on my website in the International Phonetic Alphabet, I
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ใฏใƒ•ใƒฉใƒƒใƒ—ใพใŸใฏใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ—Tใจๅ‘ผใฐ ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ›ฝ้š›้Ÿณๅฃฐ่จ˜ๅทใฎ็งใฎใ‚ฆใ‚งใƒ–ใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ
03:09
use the D symbol to represent this sound because it sounds and functions, and is made just
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ใ€D่จ˜ๅทใ‚’ไฝฟ็”จใ—ใฆใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’่กจใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใฏใ€้ŸณใจๆฉŸ่ƒฝ
03:15
like the D. This sound happens when the T comes between two vowel sounds. Let's take
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ใŒDใจๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซไฝœใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใงใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใฎ้Ÿณใฏ็™บ็”Ÿใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ T ใŒ2ใคใฎๆฏ้Ÿณใฎ้–“ใซใ‚ใ‚‹ใจใใ€‚
03:22
for example, the word madder and matter. One is spelled with two D's, and one with two
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ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใ€Œ่Œœใจ็‰ฉ่ณชใ€ใจใ„ใ†่จ€่‘‰ใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚ŠไธŠใ’ใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ 1ใค ใฏ2ใคใฎDใง็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใ€ใ‚‚ใ†1ใคใฏ2ใค
03:29
T's. But they're pronounced the same: madder, matter. Let's look at them in sentences. I'm
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ใฎTใง็ถดใ‚‰ใ‚Œใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ—ใ‹ใ—ใ€ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฏๅŒใ˜ใ‚ˆใ†ใซ็™บ้Ÿณใ•ใ‚Œใพใ™๏ผš่Œœใ€ ๅ•้กŒใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’ๆ–‡็ซ ใง่ฆ‹ใฆใฟใพใ—ใ‚‡ใ†ใ€‚ ็งใฏ
03:38
madder than I've ever been. What's the matter? It's the same sound. The lip position of these
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ไปŠใพใงไปฅไธŠใซ็‹‚ใฃใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใฉใ†ใ—ใŸใฎ๏ผŸ ๅŒใ˜้Ÿณใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้Ÿณใฎๅ”‡ใฎไฝ็ฝฎใฏใ€ๆฌกใซ
03:46
sounds is influenced by the sound that comes next. For example, dime, dime. You can see
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ๆฅใ‚‹้Ÿณใฎๅฝฑ้Ÿฟใ‚’ๅ—ใ‘ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŸใจใˆใฐใ€ใƒ€ใ‚คใƒ ใ€ใƒ€ใ‚คใƒ ใ€‚ DใŒไฝœๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ‰ใงใ‚‚
03:55
the mouth is taking the shape of the first sound of the 'ai' as in 'buy' diphthong, dime,
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ใ€ๅฃใŒ ใ€Œ่ณผๅ…ฅใ€ไบŒ้‡ๆฏ้Ÿณใ€10ใ‚ปใƒณใƒˆ็กฌ่ฒจใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œaiใ€ใฎๆœ€ๅˆใฎ้Ÿณใฎๅฝขใ‚’ใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Š
04:02
even before the D is made. Drain, drain. Again, you can see the lips taking the position for
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆŽ’ๆฐดใ€ๆŽ’ๆฐดใ€‚ ็นฐใ‚Š่ฟ”ใ—ใซใชใ‚Š ใพใ™ใŒ
04:10
the R, drain, even before the D is made. Do, do, again you can see the lips taking the
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ใ€DใŒไฝœๆˆใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ‰ใงใ‚ใฃใฆใ‚‚ใ€ๅ”‡ใŒRใ€ใƒ‰ใƒฌใ‚คใƒณใฎไฝ็ฝฎใ‚’ๅ–ใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ€ ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ€ใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆใ€ๅ”‡
04:20
circle for the 'oo' as in 'boo' vowel. Do, do. Here we see the T/D mouth position on
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ใŒใ€Œใƒ–ใƒผใ€ๆฏ้Ÿณใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œooใ€ใฎๅ††ใ‚’ๆใใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ€ ใ‚„ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ๅทฆๅดใฎ้™ๆญขใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ๅฃใจๆฏ”่ผƒใ—ใฆใ€ๅณๅดใซT/Dใฎๅฃใฎไฝ็ฝฎใŒ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œ
04:29
the right compared with the mouth at rest on the left. Here, parts of the mouth are
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ใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใ“ใ“ใงใฏใ€ๅฃใฎไธ€้ƒจใŒ
04:35
drawn in. The soft palate is raised for these consonant sounds. The tongue position stretches
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ๅผ•ใ่พผใพใ‚Œใฆใ„ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎๅญ้ŸณใฎใŸใ‚ใซ่ปŸๅฃ่“‹ใŒๆŒใกไธŠใ’ใ‚‰ใ‚Œใฆใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ่ˆŒใฎไฝ็ฝฎ
04:42
up in the front and presses against the roof of the mouth to make the stop before releasing
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ใฏๅ‰ใซไผธใณใ€ๅฃ่“‹ใ‚’ๆŠผใ—ใฆๆญขใพใ‚Š
04:48
the air. The position is just behind the top front teeth. Sample words: time/dime, tad/dad,
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ใ€็ฉบๆฐ—ใ‚’ๆ”พๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ไฝ็ฝฎใฏๅ‰ๆญฏไธŠ้ƒจใฎใ™ใๅพŒใ‚ ใงใ™ใ€‚ ใ‚ตใƒณใƒ—ใƒซๅ˜่ชž๏ผšๆ™‚้–“/ใƒ€ใ‚คใƒ ใ€ใ‚ฟใƒƒใƒ‰/ใƒ‘ใƒ‘ใ€
05:00
tote/dote. The last two word pairs ended with T's and D's. Did you notice that I did not
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ใƒˆใƒผใƒˆ/ใƒ‰ใƒผใƒˆใ€‚ ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎ2ใคใฎๅ˜่ชžใฎใƒšใ‚ขใฏใ€ TใจDใง็ต‚ใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ—ใŸใ€‚ ็งใŒใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใ‚’่งฃๆ”พใ—ใชใ‹ใฃใŸใ“ใจใซๆฐ—ใฅใ
05:08
release them? Sample sentence: Tom tasted Dad's dark chocolate treats. Now you will
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ใพใ—ใŸใ‹๏ผŸ ไพ‹ๆ–‡๏ผšใƒˆใƒ ใฏ ใŠ็ˆถใ•ใ‚“ใฎใƒ€ใƒผใ‚ฏใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใฎใŠใ‚„ใคใ‚’ๅ‘ณใ‚ใฃใŸใ€‚ ใ“ใ‚Œใงใ€
05:15
see this sentence up close and in slow motion, both straight on and from an angle, so you
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ใ“ใฎๆ–‡ใ‚’้–“่ฟ‘ใงใ‚นใƒญใƒผใƒขใƒผใ‚ทใƒงใƒณใง ใ€ใพใฃใ™ใใซใ€ใพใŸใฏๆ–œใ‚ใ‹ใ‚‰่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒ
05:20
can really study how the mouth moves making these sounds. Tom, with the T, you see the
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ใงใใ‚‹ใฎใงใ€ใ“ใ‚Œใ‚‰ใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ™ใŸใ‚ใซๅฃใŒใฉใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซๅ‹•ใใ‹ใ‚’ๅฎŸ้š›ใซ่ชฟในใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ ใ€‚ ใƒˆใƒ ใ€Tใ‚’ๆŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใจใ€
05:27
teeth close, the tongue raised behind them. And there's the release. Tom. The lips will
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ๆญฏใŒ้–‰ใ˜ใฆใ€่ˆŒใŒๅพŒใ‚ใซไธŠใŒใฃใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€ใƒชใƒชใƒผใ‚นใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒˆใƒ ใ€‚ ๅ”‡ใฏ
05:34
close for the M, and when they open you will see the teeth are still closed for the T in
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MใฎใŸใ‚ใซ้–‰ใ˜ใพใ™ใ€ใใ—ใฆใใ‚Œใ‚‰ใŒ้–‹ใใจใใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏๅ‘ณใ‚ใฃ ใŸTใฎใŸใ‚ใซใพใ ๆญฏใŒ้–‰ใ˜ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใงใ—ใ‚‡ใ†
05:40
tasted. Then the ST consonant cluster, and there there's a quick ih vowel, there, before
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ใ€‚ ๆฌกใซใ€STๅญ้Ÿณใ‚ฏใƒฉใ‚นใ‚ฟใƒผ ใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€Dใฎๅ‰ใซใ€็ฐกๅ˜ใชihๆฏ้ŸณใŒใ‚ใ‚Š
05:48
the D, tasted. Dad's. The tongue will come up here to make the D, there will be a quick
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ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใŠ็ˆถใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚ ่ˆŒใŒ ใ“ใ“ใซไธŠใŒใฃใฆDใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Š
05:57
Z before the D in dark, and you can see the lips already starting to take the form of
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ใ€ๆš—้—‡ใฎไธญใงDใฎๅ‰ใซ้€Ÿใ„ZใŒใ‚ใ‚Šใ€ๆญฏใŒ่งฃๆ”พใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ๅ‰ใงใ‚‚ ๅ”‡ใŒใ™ใงใซRใฎๅฝขใ‚’ๅ–ใ‚Šๅง‹ใ‚ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™
06:03
the R even before the teeth release. Chocolate, tongue through the teeth for the L, and then
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ใ€‚ ใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆ ใ€Lใฎๆญฏใ‚’่ˆŒใง็ชใๆŠœใ‘ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€
06:15
up to make the T which is a stop here. Treats, and again you see the lips forming the R even
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ใ“ใ“ใงๆญขใพใ‚‹Tใ‚’ไฝœใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆฒป็™‚ใ™ใ‚‹ ใจใ€ๆญฏใŒTใ‚’่งฃๆ”พใ™ใ‚‹ๅ‰ใงใ‚‚ใ€ๅ”‡ใŒRใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ—ใฆใ„ใ‚‹ใฎใŒใ‚ใ‹ใ‚Šใพใ™
06:23
before the teeth release the T. And the TS sound at the end. Tom, you see the tongue
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ใ€‚ๆœ€ๅพŒใซTSใŒ้ณดใ‚Šใพใ™ใ€‚ ใƒˆใƒ ใ€ใ‚ใชใŸใฏ่ˆŒ
06:34
tip up behind the closed teeth, releasing into the 'ah' as in 'father'. Lips close for
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ใŒ้–‰ใ˜ใŸๆญฏใฎๅพŒใ‚ใงไธŠๅ‘ใใซใชใ‚Š ใ€ใ€Œ็ˆถใ€ใฎใ‚ˆใ†ใซใ€Œใ‚ใ‚ใ€ใซ่งฃๆ”พใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹ใฎใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ€‚ ๅ”‡
06:42
the M. Tasted, tongue up to make the T, quick ih sound and then the D, tasted, Dad's. Tongue
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ใฏMใซ่ฟ‘ใฅใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ‘ณใ‚ใฃใŸใ€่ˆŒใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใฆTใ‚’้ณดใ‚‰ใ—ใ€ใ™ใฐใ‚„ใ ihใ‚’้ณดใ‚‰ใ—ใฆใ‹ใ‚‰ใ€Dใ‚’ๅ‘ณใ‚ใฃใŸใ€ใŠ็ˆถใ•ใ‚“ใ€‚
07:00
up again to make the final D. Dad's. Dark, lips taking the form of the R. Chocolate,
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎD.ใƒ‘ใƒ‘ใ‚’ไฝœใ‚‹ใŸใ‚ใซใ‚‚ใ†ไธ€ๅบฆ่ˆŒใ‚’ไธŠใ’ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๆš—ใ„ใ€ ๅ”‡ใฏR.ใƒใƒงใ‚ณใƒฌใƒผใƒˆใฎๅฝขใ‚’
07:18
tongue up for the L and then to the roof of the mouth to make the stop of the T. And treats,
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ใ—ใฆใŠใ‚Šใ€Lใซๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆ่ˆŒใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใ€ๆฌกใซๅฃ่“‹ใซ ๅ‘ใ‹ใฃใฆTใ‚’ๆญขใ‚ใพใ™ใ€‚ใใ—ใฆ
07:25
where the lips form the R shape around the closed teeth. And tongue tip up to make the
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ใ€ๅ”‡ใŒ้–‰ใ˜ใŸๆญฏใฎๅ‘จใ‚ŠใซRๅญ—ๅž‹ใ‚’ๅฝขๆˆใ™ใ‚‹ๆฒป็™‚ใ‚’่กŒใ„ ใพใ™ใ€‚ ใใ—ใฆใ€่ˆŒใ‚’ไธŠใซๅ‘ใ‘ใฆใ€
07:32
final T, and S sound. Treats. That's it, and thanks so much for using Rachel's English.
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ๆœ€ๅพŒใฎTใจSใฎ้Ÿณใ‚’ๅ‡บใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ ๅพก้ฆณ่ตฐใ€‚ ใใ‚Œใ ใ‘ ใงใ™ใ€‚ใƒฌใ‚คใƒใ‚งใƒซใฎ่‹ฑ่ชžใ‚’ไฝฟใฃใฆใใ‚Œใฆใ‚ใ‚ŠใŒใจใ†ใ€‚
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ใ“ใฎใ‚ตใ‚คใƒˆใงใฏ่‹ฑ่ชžๅญฆ็ฟ’ใซๅฝน็ซ‹ใคYouTubeๅ‹•็”ปใ‚’็ดนไป‹ใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ไธ–็•Œไธญใฎไธ€ๆต่ฌ›ๅธซใซใ‚ˆใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžใƒฌใƒƒใ‚นใƒณใ‚’่ฆ‹ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅ„ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎใƒšใƒผใ‚ธใซ่กจ็คบใ•ใ‚Œใ‚‹่‹ฑ่ชžๅญ—ๅน•ใ‚’ใƒ€ใƒ–ใƒซใ‚ฏใƒชใƒƒใ‚ฏใ™ใ‚‹ใจใ€ใใ“ใ‹ใ‚‰ใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใ‚’ๅ†็”Ÿใ™ใ‚‹ใ“ใจใŒใงใใพใ™ใ€‚ๅญ—ๅน•ใฏใƒ“ใƒ‡ใ‚ชใฎๅ†็”ŸใจๅŒๆœŸใ—ใฆใ‚นใ‚ฏใƒญใƒผใƒซใ—ใพใ™ใ€‚ใ”ๆ„่ฆ‹ใƒปใ”่ฆๆœ›ใŒใ”ใ–ใ„ใพใ—ใŸใ‚‰ใ€ใ“ใกใ‚‰ใฎใŠๅ•ใ„ๅˆใ‚ใ›ใƒ•ใ‚ฉใƒผใƒ ใ‚ˆใ‚Šใ”้€ฃ็ตกใใ ใ•ใ„ใ€‚

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