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okay how is everybody welcome to the live stream  on this very uh rainy and humid day here in south  

korea um my hair is poofing up everywhere well  what hair i have left is poofing up everywhere  

because of the weather uh we're glad you could be  with us today hello to alyssa marie lolly lolly  

pedro vigora justina tenorio and everyone  else who is watching the live stream today  

those are just the first few that uh whose names i  saw here on stream yard so i'm don and today i've  

got a few segments for you um i've got a segment  on this day in history may 16th got a segment on  

news of the world and i have a segment  on slang phrases in english and we do  

have a fourth segment on your questions and  comments so if you have questions or comments  

uh please share them with us and i'll  address them in the last segment of today  

a few more people are saying hello we got nabil  muhammad dari that's great many different people  

from all around the world i always like to see  that it's wonderful okay so how is everybody  

today i hope you're all doing well here's our uh  yeah go ahead and throw up the first segment here  

may 16 1919 so over a hundred years ago so 102  years ago today there was the first transatlantic  

flight the first transatlantic flight now that  means transatlantic flight means across the  

atlantic ocean uh the atlantic ocean is what  we call the ocean that lies between europe  

and africa on one side and north america and south  america on the other the atlantic ocean is between  

them and on may 16 uh 1919 there was the first a  flight that was across the atlantic ocean now it  

wasn't only in one stop uh it took many stops  this is very very early airplane technology  

um and so they were using what was called a  hydroplane they still have these hydroplane and  

that means a plane hydro means water or related to  water so a hydroplane is a plane that can take off  

and land on the water and so they were flying this  hydro plane across the atlantic ocean and it was a  

u.s navy officer named albert cushing reed and a  crew of five people it took them 23 days to reach  

their final destination which was in england  and they made uh several stops along the way  

they made i think six stops before they made it  to their final destination so they're flying for  

a while and then landing but 23 days you could  do that transatlantic flight now in six hours  

of course because planes are  much faster can fly much higher  

and in fact when reed returned to the  united states he predicted that some day  

planes would fly as me as much as sixty thousand  feet in the air and that they would go one  

thousand miles an hour or faster both of which  predictions came to be true but at the time people  

were thinking that i don't think that's even  possible a plane can't go that far in the air  

it can't go that fast that will never happen but  uh but he was predicting that it would and in fact  

uh it did so his prediction was correct there  um so lieutenant commander albert cushing reed  

later became a rear admiral for the u.s uh navy  so in his uh later life he was a rear admiral  

so at the time he was a lieutenant commander which  is a a medium level officer i suppose in the in  

the navy and uh he uh became a real admiral and  he became an aviator trainer meaning he trained  

uh pilots he trained other flyers um uh for the  us navy so that's what his career was so he was  

a pilot himself and then later trained pilots and  that first transatlantic flight happened on this  

day in 1919. all right so let's take a look at our  second segment our second segment is about news  

of the world and i'm looking at a story from the  japan times about the nba hall of fame inductees  

and the title of the article is lakers legend  kobe bryant and trained enshrined in basketball  

hall of fame and it says here that uh this is  from reuters news agency los angeles uh lakers  

legend kobe bryant was inducted posthumously to  the naismith memorial basketball hall of fame on  

saturday that's yesterday for me as the class of  2020 was enshrined after months of delay due to  

the covet 19 pandemic okay so this was a major  event so there were new inductees into the hall  

of fame it was kind of a bittersweet kobe bryant  was one of four people inducted it was kind of a  

bittersweet ceremony because um kobe bryant died  last year at the age of 41 in a helicopter crash  

so first let's look at some of the language  that we can learn from the story so  

to be inducted to be an inductee so first  that verb induct means to formally accept  

someone into a position or an organization in  this case the organization is the hall of fame  

for the most accomplished players in the  national basketball association and the noun  

inductee it means a person who has been  inducted into some position or organization  

i'll talk to you a little bit more about  that word inductee in a minute but let's  

look at some example uses of induct so here's an  example used tomorrow the university will induct  

three new members into its board of directors  that means they will formally introduce them or  

make them part of the board of directors for the  university and another example use of this verb is  

some tribal groups have strict requirements before  a boy is inducted into manhood so before a boy is  

accepted formally as an adult an adult a man he  has to go through some very strict requirements  

another word that we can learn from the story  was they used the word posthumous posthumously  

so that's how these words are  pronounced posthumous and posthumously  

the word posthumous means after death that  p-o-s-t post prefix means after and humus  

means ground so it means literally after  being put in the ground i mean so after death  

and posthumously is the adverb meaning an action  that takes place after death so in this story kobe  

bryant was posthumously inducted into the hall  of fame he received the honor after his death  

and in the story it says that um bryant's widow  vanessa uh who started dating kobe when she was  

very young 17 she offered an acceptance  on his behalf as the presenter michael  

jordan stood nearby so widow a widow is a  woman who survives the death of her husband  

so a husband who survives the death  of his wife would be called a widower  

so uh but in the story vanessa bryant she's kobe  bryant's widow she was his wife until his death  

last year so for i think about 20 some years  they were married until he died just last year  

the story also calls them honorees and  honoree is a person who receives an honor  

note that there's this double e ending similar to  what we saw in the word inductee so let me talk  

about that now so that double e ending is added to  some verbs to make them nouns indicating a person  

who is the beneficiary of the act indicated by the  verb so a person honored is an honoree a person  

inducted is an inductee and the same way you  could uh there are other examples a person who is  

addressed by a letter would be the address e and  a person who is absent from class is an absentee  

a person who is employed is an employee so you  can see that these double e endings appear in  

many different words if you see that double e  ending you know that it might be a case where  

it's one of these words a noun created from a verb  using the double e ending be careful though not  

all verbs work this way you can't turn b b e you  can't just make a double e ending and have it mean  

a person who was being that doesn't it doesn't  work that way it only works with some verbs  

but it can be useful when you're  spotting uh those double e  

uh words to know that it comes from a verb  uh to go back to the story for just a second  

other players who were inducted into the hall of  fame yesterday include tim duncan who i saw play  

when he was in college i saw him play as a  collegiate basketball player at wake forest  

university in north carolina so i've see i saw  his whole career so that tells you about a bit  

about how old i am uh but also uh uh i i it was  kind of interesting to see uh the capstone to his  

career meaning the final achievement of his career  he was inducted into the basketball hall of fame  

okay so let's take a look at our next segment  our next segment third segment on slang phrases  

i've got three phrases let's take a look at  those so the first one is got it or got this  

and this is a phrase which can be used in two  main ways first it can be used as a way of asking  

if someone understands or to confirm that you  understand so here's an example use so someone  

might say to you hey just meet us at the subway  station got it and then you could say okay got it  

so they're asking do you understand and you're  saying yes i do right and that's kind of a slang  

way of saying that both asking and confirming so  that's one way you understand that this phrase  

is used but there's a second way this phrase is  used and that second way is to say that something  

is under your control or it's in your power  or that you will accomplish it so an example  

for this would be someone could say we need help  and you would say don't worry i got this and that  

means it's in your control you will give them  help you will accomplish what needs to be done  

or someone could say to encourage another  person another person you can do it you got this  

and you got this means you can accomplish this  you can make it happen it's under your control  

got it okay so that's our first one and  our second example phrase is by the way  

by the way this is a phrase used to indicate  that there's something additional to talk  

about it means that you're changing the  expected flow the way of the conversation  

into a different channel you're going by the way  so um uh a word with similar meaning would be  

uh the word incidentally but by the way is a  little bit more informal way of saying that and  

you can use this phrase when you want to introduce  a topic which is not directly connected with what  

you were just talking about so let's look at  some example uses so at the end of a meeting  

someone might say well that's it for the meeting  but by the way is anyone going out for lunch later  

so they're completing the meeting that's the end  of that topic but then they're saying oh but wait  

by the way maybe they want to join someone for  lunch or they're curious about where people  

are going by the way is anyone going anywhere for  lunch and another example use uh someone might say  

at the end of a first meeting it's nice to meet  you and by the way that's a nice hat you've got so  

they're just including the meaning but also adding  a compliment at the end oh that's a very nice hat  

okay and that's how you can use this phrase by  the way and our third phrase uh is about l's  

all about l's to take an l or post an l an l like  this so the letter l uh when used in this case  

these are all variations on the basic theme which  is that letter l in this case stands for loss  

which means a failure to accomplish something so  someone who is talking about their l's or posting  

their l's that means they're talking about their  failures or admitting their failures or losses so  

to take an l means to take an unfortunate loss or  an unfortunate failure while to post an l means  

to record a failure and sometimes especially  on the internet this idea of posting an l uh  

it's something where the person doing it is not  aware they're doing it unintentionally they think  

they're revealing something interesting or fun  or good but it's not successful their post was a  

failure in some way so let's look at some examples  one example is you could say well that's an l  

and that's a common way of identifying that  i'm sorry not common but that's a way of  

identifying that something is a failure or it's a  loss or it's bad and this is more commonly seen in  

text than in spoken so someone posts something and  a response might be well that's in hell meaning  

no that was bad that was a bad post didn't work  out um and another example use this is for for uh  

spoken uh spoken use someone might say hey how  was the exam and you might say well i took an l  

meaning how bad it was bad how bad  was it it was bad i didn't do well  

on the exam i took an l i took a loss  um and then here's another example use  

every single comment on that video was somebody  posting an l and that means that all the  

commenters were stupid all the commenters were  revealing their own stupidity by their comments  

and i think we've all had this experience where  we click on a video and all the comments were  

i can't believe all these people are saying  these things this is ridiculous these people  

are all idiots they're all uh posting ls that you  might say okay so that's how you use that phrase  

okay so that's it for our segment on slang phrases  i hope you got them uh got them all and let's take  

a look now at our uh our fourth segment which  is about addressing questions and comments  

from viewers let's take a look at some of  those now so let's look at some of them here  

so what are some different ones so uh some people  were mentioning oh a trainee someone who is in  

training or has been trained as a trainee that's  another double e word yes a rough referee someone  

who is uh a reference or is uh refereeing yeah so  referee that's probably an example of a double e  

word okay and then uh justine is saying i'm  getting it thank you for the explanation all right  

that's very good uh so still or always what is  the difference between still and always uh still  

has the idea uh that something  uh happened or uh was in place  

and it remains that way so are you still living  in the same house yes i'm still living there  

so that's still always means it happens  all the time all the cases you wouldn't say  

uh i'm always living there but you could say maybe  i've always been there or i've always lived there  

in which case it means not just still but at  all times at all times i've lived there i've  

only lived in one house so i've always lived there  so that's the difference between still still means  

that something continues always means in all cases  it's true right um so you could say um this is a  

strictly true but you could say ah um the moon  always orbits the earth it happens all the time  

um uh i'm still sick i'm not always sick but  i'm still sick meaning i was sick last week and  

i still feel badly so that's a difference so the  moon going around the earth that's something that  

always happens me being sick that's not something  that always happens i hope that's not something  

that always happens okay so that's uh that's  how those work how about how about the phrase  

oh how do how do you pronounce the word  taxi and tax well that's how you do it  

taxi so taxi you've got a stress there  on the first syllable taxi and then tax  

same thing so it's pronounced almost  the same word as the word tax t-a-c-k-s  

meaning those little uh metal pins with a sharp  point on them so that would be attack but tax  

tax and taxi that's how you pronounce uh  those uh words okay let's see what other  

questions that we might uh have here we've got  some different ones from different people um  

so the word idea is an example of a countable  abstract noun should we use an indefinite article  

a and before it an idea an idea absolutely you can  say that i have an idea you wouldn't say i have  

the idea um you that would be a special uh case i  have the idea that will solve all our problems in  

that case you could use the but otherwise yeah an  indefinite article is appropriate uh do you have  

an idea yes i do i have a good idea so that's  right you will use the indefinite article  

uh with uh with idea yeah and countable  abstract that's a good one um meaning a a  

noun that doesn't have a concrete thing  an idea is not something you can touch  

but it is a thing and uh it is countable one  idea two ideas three ideas all that works too  

so that's what his question means um somebody  was asking how about the phrase anyway well i'm  

uh what's the what exactly is the question with  uh with this word how about the phrase anyway  

so anyway it is a way of changing the topic i  think that i think this is building on the idea of  

by the way anyway is another way of shifting  the topic yes but anyway by the way is this  

is just something more anyway there's a kind of  dismissal of the topic that just happened so the  

way people often use this um uh in an ordinary  conversation now is somebody will say something  

let's say somebody says something that's really  silly they make a bad joke someone might go anyway  

as a way of saying leave that aside let's change  to another topic because that joke was awful  

or something like that so uh anyway is a way of  shifting the topic similar to by the way but with  

anyway there's a sense of dismissal or moving  on from the previous topic so there's a sense  

of saying well nonetheless or regardless of that  or forgetting about that anyway let's move on but  

you can also use anyway not at the beginning  of the sentence but but in other parts of the  

sentence let me give you another example so um  uh my teacher uh told us that we needed to study  

um for the test but instead of studying uh i i uh  i stayed up uh late at night not studying anyway  

meaning regardless of my teacher's advice i stayed  up late not studying so yeah you can use anyway  

in that way too in this case it's not uh changing  the topic it's just saying that regardless of that  

regardless of what came previously i did this  thing okay so that's anyway let's see what are  

some other uh any other questions uh so here is  one from alyssa marie why i won't probably work  

later why is that grammatically  incorrect i won't probably work later um

um why is it incorrect um okay there's a  very complicated uh explanation for that

which

i don't have all the details to explain on  the fly like this but i will say this usually  

uh an adverb like this should go before the  verb it modifies i probably will not work  

later so i probably won't work later  um and the reason has to do with um  

these sort of frequency adverbs like probably  and such uh but uh but yeah usually you want  

your adverbs to go before the verbs like  this so i probably won't i probably will  

come there um i uh let me see if i can think  of some more um examples i usually work  

later so again it's going to come before that  doesn't mean that it always is true but for  

this word probably you're going to usually usually  want to have that come before the verb it modifies  

i probably won't work right there yeah so um you  can also i could also say that will not work is  

the verb because it's not i will not but i  will not work won't work and so you want to  

keep that together usually you want to keep the  verb together as a unit it's not always true um

that doesn't necessarily work and there's a  case where i've broken up the verb doesn't  

work with necessarily in between so so  it doesn't necessarily work all the time  

uh but usually it's it's the case all right  so let's look at but alyssa marie has another  

question about how to use the phrases so to  speak and as you will okay so so to speak  

um is a phrase that you use when you're  saying something that you may or may not  

agree with or you may or may not uh  it may not be specifically correct  

or that you're being figurative meaning you're  not being literal so you could say um here's an  

example of figurative language you might say um  he doesn't have a leg to stand on so to speak  

that indicates that you're not meaning that he  literally lacks a leg you're just saying that  

you're using the figure of speech where have a leg  to stand on means there's no support for your idea  

so so to speak introduces the idea of a  figurative expression not a literal expression  

so that's uh that's so to speak  now as you will as you will is

it has a somewhat different um well this can also  means actually there's another way of saying this  

you could also say if you will so if you will um  when you say it as if you will it's similar in  

meaning to so to speak so he doesn't have a leg to  stand on if you will is another way of saying well  

i'm being figurative i'm not being literal but  the expression uh as you will um is the idea of um  

as you like it whatever you like what you  will all right so but i think i think uh  

alyssa marie probably meant so to speak  and if you will where if you will is uh  

it's similar to uh so to speak um uh in that it's  introducing an idea that may not be literally  

true uh but it is figurative figuratively to  true um there's another meaning of if you will  

that's a little different from so to speak uh  where maybe you're using uh maybe you're using  

using an expression that um might not be correct  or might not be uh what people usually say um  

you're in this case you're asking your listener  to forgive you for using something that may not  

be correct or appropriate but in you're using  it in a way that it works for you and so you're  

saying well if you'll basically it's short  for saying if you will grant me the privilege  

of saying it this way so that's probably the  difference between uh if you will and so to speak  

all right so ah what's the difference between  absolutely and definitely um there isn't a strict  

uh there's overlap between  those in common use meaning that  

people will sometimes use them interchangeably  in some contexts meaning um uh it's a way of  

saying it's definitely true okay so somebody  say oh will you be there absolutely definitely  

okay so you could say either one as a way of  saying that's going to be true um the difference  

is um definitely means that it's certain

uh it's certain like um for example does this  word does the word fall does the verb fall mean  

go down definitely that is true it means to  go down to fall down so definitely absolutely  

means that something is completely true  so does if i said does the word fall

mean to go down that's definitely  true but it's not absolutely true why  

it's definitely true because that is right that is  what it means but it's not absolutely true because  

fall also is a noun meaning the season  of autumn so it's not completely true  

it's just true you see what i'm saying that's  the difference between something that is right  

but it's not completely right okay so the word  fall that well fall has several meanings okay so  

uh you could be definitely true about one  meaning of it but not absolutely true because  

it has other meanings so that's that's the big  difference between absolutely verses definitely  

definitely is confirming that something is true  and absolutely means it's completely that way did  

everyone get out of the building in  time before it fell down absolutely  

in that case you would say absolutely because  it means yes completely all the people got out  

okay you could say definitely but that wouldn't  strictly be correct because you what you're trying  

to confirm is that something is completely the  case so that's the difference there at my best  

and at my worst so someone's asking what do these  two sentences mean at my best and at my worst  

so uh um uh so sometimes there's an expression  where if you can't handle me at my worst you  

don't deserve me at my best uh these two  sentences are getting at the idea that um  

we aren't the same at all times like our our  like some days are better than others right  

some days we're like our brains or our bodies or  our behavior is functioning at the best it ever  

does and we would say then you're at your best  i'm at my best meaning my brain is functioning  

at its best or my body is performing perfectly  you know or uh or i'm i'm i'm morally at my  

best i'm doing something very well i'm really  doing well today and then some days maybe you  

are a little tired or you're a little hungry  or you're in a bad mood for whatever reasons  

but you're you're at your worst your your brain  is functioning at as low as possible or you're  

physically feeling well because you're sick  or whatever there's many different reasons  

or you're behaving badly not like you usually do  you would even say yeah i can't believe i did that  

i was at my worst so that's the idea it's uh the  bottom level for your normal performance and the  

top level for your normal performance so that's  the difference between at my best and at my worst  

and so if you're asking this question because of  the expression uh uh if you can't handle me at  

my worst you don't deserve me at my best that's  what it comes from it comes from the idea that  

uh all human beings are really kind of a range  of possible uh behaviors we're not the same on  

every day of our lives sometimes we're at our  best sometimes we're at our worst and sometimes  

we're somewhere in between usually we're  somewhere in between so that's what those  

two phrases mean so let's look through  and see if we have some more uh examples  

other questions at my best at my worst  we did that one that's pretty good  

most youtube challenges are posting else very good  so that's very good uh yes a lot of people who do  

the youtube challenges those are posted that's  a perfect use of that slang term yeah very good  

okay so let's see i'm going to scroll back and  look at uh some other questions and comments  

that's that's a good one uh hello thank you for  your kindness from new york from maki love thank  

you very much to you good morning from tango uh  katongalei i think is how that is uh etiquette  

is like were you on it something about posting l's  probably no i was not uh i was not posting girls  

uh somebody's asking if i'm british i'm certainly  not british uh i'm an american but i mean for uh  

non-native speakers don't always pick up on  accents so i shouldn't act i'm not acting like  

it should be obvious uh to you it shouldn't be  necessarily obvious to you i'm just saying no  

i'm from the united states uh muhammad ali says  i'm from pakistan tell us more about your academic  

career well if you go back and listen to the first  live stream you'll you'll hear about my academic  

career there i'll just briefly say that i'm a phd  in english but i'll give you more i'll give you  

more details on some of the other live streams go  back and listen to them you'll hear all about it  

uh let's see it's a shameless plug for uh  for our other live streams uh we've got a  

high from the philippines and from algeria nabila  baida ab idea saying hello i'm here that's great  

okay let me see are there any other  questions and comments that i need to address

that seems to be that looks french to me so i'm  assuming that's kind of uh french uh cyril daihan  

that's my best attempt at pronouncing that  

a shout out to justina tenorio she wants a shout  out so i'm giving her one a shout out means to  

mention someone she says that's my favorite  channel and i learn a lot from you thank you  

very much it's good to hear from you i hope you  do continue to learn a lot from us that's great  

alyssa marie asks is this correct you put a lot of  spaces in between the words so if you're asking uh  

if that sentence is correct it looks correct to  me you put a lot of spaces in between the words  

um you put a lot of space i don't i i don't  think the word n is necessary there i think  

you can actually omit in because between sort of  implies that it's in between them um but as it  

is it's not incorrect so yeah you could say is  this correct you put a lot of spaces in between  

the words or you put a lot of spaces between the  words bashir from iraq says hello so i lived for  

about a year and a half in iraq so hello to you  as well um so i was up near the turkish border  

border with turkey when i was in iraq that was a  few years ago all right so good to hear from you

all right let me see any other questions  and comments um might be time if we don't  

have more questions or comments to  start to wrap up today's live stream  

so that's very good to hear from all  of you today it was good to be with you  

i hope you learned a little bit of english  and had a little bit of fun as well

okay so next week we're going to post i'm getting  information from our own danny that says that uh  

that some of the videos next  week will have subtitles so uh  

uh if you want to check out some uh uh excerpts  from this live stream or from other live streams  

uh you can watch it and there will  be english subtitles hard-coded in  

so you can see uh what was being said uh you  actually read it uh so if you have difficulty with  

listening you'll uh be able to go back and maybe  misunderstood what i said or you weren't sure what  

i said you can just read the text and sometimes  that's a little easier i find that uh reading  

knowledge of a language comes a little bit faster  than listening knowledge alright see you next time