English Grammar - SINCE & FOR

398,905 views ใƒป 2010-08-31

Learn English with Rebecca


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:00
Hi, my name is Rebecca and in today's lesson we're going to talk about two commonly confused
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์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”, ์ œ ์ด๋ฆ„์€ Rebecca์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋Š˜ ์ˆ˜์—…์—์„œ๋Š” ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ ํ˜ผ๋™๋˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋‹จ์–ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
00:12
words that are used with the present perfect tense.
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.
00:17
Now the present perfect tense is usually when we say something like "I have been", "I have
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์ด์ œ ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์œผ๋กœ "I have been", "I have
00:23
seen", "You have gone", "They have been", right?
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saw", "You have gone", " They have been"๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:29
That is the present perfect tense.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:31
The present perfect tense is used to talk about something that happened in the past
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ํ˜„์žฌ ์™„๋ฃŒ ์‹œ์ œ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ์–ด๋‚œ ์ผ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ ์‚ฌ์šฉ๋˜๋ฉฐ
00:36
and it's still true or still relevant now or today.
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์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ํ˜„์žฌ๋‚˜ ์˜ค๋Š˜๋‚ ์—๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ ๊ด€๋ จ์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:42
So it kind of includes the past as well as the present, alright?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ์ข…์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์™€ ํ˜„์žฌ๋ฅผ ํฌํ•จํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ?
00:47
But let's look at some examples and see how to use the words "since" and "for" correctly
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ณ  ์ด ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ " since"์™€ "for"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์•Œ์•„๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
00:53
with this tense, okay?
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00:56
So "since" you should be using with the point in time, the beginning of the point when something
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "since"๋Š” ํŠน์ • ์‹œ์ , ์ฆ‰ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด
01:05
started to be true and "for" you should use to describe the length of time that something
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์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์‹œ์ ์˜ ์‹œ์ž‘๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ณ  "for"๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ์„ค๋ช…ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:12
was true.
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01:13
Now that seems very technical so let's apply it so you understand more easily, okay?
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์ด์ œ ๋งค์šฐ ๊ธฐ์ˆ ์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ ๊ฐ™์œผ๋‹ˆ ๋” ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ ์šฉํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค, ์•Œ์•˜์ฃ ? 2010๋…„์ด
01:20
We could say, let's say, let's suppose that the year is 2010 which it is actually right
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2010๋…„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค. ์‹ค์ œ๋กœ๋Š” 2010๋…„์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:26
now, 2010.
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01:29
So I could say "I have worked here since 1990", right?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ " 1990๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ฒ ์ฃ ?
01:37
Or if it's 2010, "I have worked here for 20 years", right?
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด 2010๋…„์ด๋ฉด "๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ฃ ?
01:44
You see "since" plus the point in time, the beginning when that became true and "for"
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"since"์— ์‹œ์ , ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋œ ์‹œ์ž‘, "for"์—
01:52
plus the actual length of time or period of time that that statement is true.
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ํ•ด๋‹น ์ง„์ˆ ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ธ ์‹ค์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„ ๋˜๋Š” ๊ธฐ๊ฐ„์„ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ณผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:59
So "I have worked here since 1990", "I have worked here for 20 years".
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๋‚˜๋Š” 1990๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค", "๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค".
02:05
For example, "We have lived in Mexico since 2005" or "We have lived in Mexico for 5 years",
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์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” 2005๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. " ๋˜๋Š” "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฉ•์‹œ์ฝ”์— 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
02:16
okay?
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02:17
So I hope this helps you to understand the difference between the two.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‘˜ ์‚ฌ์ด์˜ ์ฐจ์ด์ ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
02:22
The mistake that many students make is they sometimes say "I have lived here since 20
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๋งŽ์€ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ์ €์ง€๋ฅด๋Š” ์‹ค์ˆ˜๋Š” ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ "๋‚˜๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ 20๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
02:28
years".
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"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:29
So you can't do "since" and the "20 years", you have to do "since" plus the actual time
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "since"์™€ "20 years"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "since"์—
02:35
when something began to happen.
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์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ๋ฐœ์ƒํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ•œ ์‹ค์ œ ์‹œ๊ฐ„์„ ๋”ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:38
So I'm going to come back in a minute and give you another full example of exactly how
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ๋Œ์•„์™€์„œ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ
02:42
to use "since" and "for", okay?
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"since"์™€ "for"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ „์ฒด ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:45
Back in a minute.
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์ž ์‹œ ํ›„.
02:48
Okay, so now let's look at our example.
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์ข‹์•„์š”, ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
02:51
Let's take our friend John here and I've written some information about John.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ ์นœ๊ตฌ ์กด์„ ๋ฐ๋ ค๊ฐ€์ž. ์กด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ •๋ณด๋ฅผ ์ผ๋‹ค.
02:57
When he started to do certain things in his life, alright?
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์„ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ์‹œ์ž‘ํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
03:01
So this is when he became a student, this is when he came to Canada, and this is when
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ํ•™์ƒ์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์„ ๋•Œ, ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด ๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ์™”์„ ๋•Œ, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์ด
03:06
he got married.
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:08
So now let's try to make a number of different statements about John, alright?
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์ด์ œ John์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋‹ค์–‘ํ•œ ์ง„์ˆ ์„ ํ•ด๋ณด์ž.
03:13
So we could say "John has been a student since 2000".
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "John์€ 2000๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ํ•™์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:20
Let's say that the year is 2010 now.
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์˜ฌํ•ด๊ฐ€ 2010๋…„์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€์ •ํ•ด ๋ด…์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:23
We could also say "John has been a student for 10 years", correct?
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"John์€ 10๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ํ•™์ƒ์ด์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋งž์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:29
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
03:30
Did you get that?
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ป์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
03:33
Let's take another example.
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๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:35
John has been, or sorry, let's say John has lived in Canada since 2005, right?
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John์€ 2005๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:45
We're saying "since" plus the point in time when that became true.
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"์ดํ›„"์— ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์‚ฌ์‹ค์ด ๋œ ์‹œ์ ์„ ๋”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:51
John has lived in Canada since 2005, or you could say "John has lived in Canada for five
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John์€ 2005๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์— ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” "John์€ ์บ๋‚˜๋‹ค์—์„œ 5๋…„ ๋™์•ˆ ์‚ด์•˜์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
03:59
years."
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.
04:00
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:01
When he got married, John has been married, right?
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๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ์„ ๋•Œ John์€ ์ด๋ฏธ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•œ ์ƒํƒœ์˜€์ฃ ?
04:07
John has been married since 2008, that means he got married in 2008 and he has been married
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John์€ 2008๋…„๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ฆ‰, ๊ทธ๋Š” 2008๋…„์— ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ๊ณ 
04:17
ever since that time, till now, and including now, or we could also say "John has been married
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๊ทธ ์ดํ›„๋กœ ์ง€๊ธˆ๊นŒ์ง€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์„ ํฌํ•จํ•˜์—ฌ ๋˜๋Š” "John์€ ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•œ ์ง€ 2๋…„์ด ๋˜์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•  ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:25
for two years."
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04:27
Okay?
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์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:28
You see how to do that?
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋Š”์ง€ ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด?
04:30
You should be able to do both, alright?
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์–ด์•ผ ํ•ด, ์•Œ์•˜์ง€?
04:32
Because sometimes we use "since" and sometimes we use "for", they're both very common words
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๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "since"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ณ  ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ "for"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์˜์–ด์—์„œ ๋งค์šฐ ์ผ๋ฐ˜์ ์ธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
04:37
in English, so get comfortable with both of them, try out a lot of practice sentences
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๋‘˜ ๋‹ค ์ต์ˆ™ํ•ด์ง€๊ณ  ์ž์‹ ์˜ ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ์Šต ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์‹œ๋„ํ•˜๊ณ 
04:42
of your own, take some facts from your life, and try to write out some examples using "since"
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์ธ์ƒ์—์„œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์„ ๊ฐ€์ ธ์˜ต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. , ๊ฐ™์€ ์‚ฌ์‹ค์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด "since"์™€ "for"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•ด ๋ณด์„ธ์š”
04:49
and "for" for the same fact, and this way you should be able to understand these words
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. ์ด๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜๋ฉด ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ
04:55
really well.
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์ •๋ง ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:56
And if you'd like some more practice, please feel free to go to our website, www.engvid.com,
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๋” ๋งŽ์€ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ์›ํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์–ธ์ œ๋“ ์ง€ ์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ www.engvid.com์œผ๋กœ ๊ฐ€์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.
05:05
they have a quiz that you can do on this, as well as on many other subjects in English.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋œ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋งŽ์€ ๊ณผ๋ชฉ๋ฟ๋งŒ ์•„๋‹ˆ๋ผ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋„ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:09
Alright?
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
05:10
So, thanks for watching, good luck with your English, bye for now.
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์‹œ์ฒญํ•ด ์ฃผ์…”์„œ ๊ฐ์‚ฌํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜์–ด์— ํ–‰์šด์„ ๋น•๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์•ˆ๋…•ํ•˜์„ธ์š”.

Original video on YouTube.com
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

https://forms.gle/WvT1wiN1qDtmnspy7