How to ask questions in the PAST SIMPLE tense

498,616 views ใƒป 2016-03-12

Learn English with Rebecca


์•„๋ž˜ ์˜๋ฌธ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ”ํด๋ฆญํ•˜์‹œ๋ฉด ์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋œ ์ž๋ง‰์€ ๊ธฐ๊ณ„ ๋ฒˆ์—ญ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.

00:02
Hi. I'm Rebecca from engVid.
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์•ˆ๋…•. ์ €๋Š” engVid์˜ Rebecca์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:05
If you're a beginner or intermediate level student,
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์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์ด ์ดˆ๊ธ‰ ๋˜๋Š” ์ค‘๊ธ‰ ์ˆ˜์ค€์˜ ํ•™์ƒ์ด๋ผ๋ฉด
00:07
this is a really important lesson for you,
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ๋ถ„์—๊ฒŒ ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ตํ›ˆ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:10
and that's because we're going to focus on the past simple tense,
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ,
00:15
and specifically on making questions or forming questions in the past simple tense.
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ํŠนํžˆ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ๋งŒ๋“œ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์— ์ดˆ์ ์„ ๋งž์ถœ ๊ฒƒ์ด๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:21
Now, why are these two areas specifically a little bit more challenging for students?
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์ด์ œ, ์ด ๋‘ ์˜์—ญ์ด ํŠนํžˆ ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์—๊ฒŒ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์–ด๋ ค์šด ์ด์œ ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
00:27
For two reasons. First of all, when we're talking about the past tense,
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๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์ด์œ ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ์„  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š”
00:32
it's a little bit more challenging because we have to deal with regular verbs and irregular verbs,
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๊ทœ์น™๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋‹ค๋ฃจ์–ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์–ด๋ ต๊ณ ,
00:39
and when we're talking about questions it's a little bit harder because we have to add some
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์˜๋ฌธ๋ฌธ์„ ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•  ๋•Œ๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์–ด๋ ต์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:44
words when we form a question and we have to change other words. All right?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
00:50
And all of this we have to do quite a lot when we speak in English,
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ๊ฝค ๋งŽ์€ ์ผ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
00:56
because most of the time when you speak in English
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์™œ๋ƒํ•˜๋ฉด ๋Œ€๋ถ€๋ถ„์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
00:58
or when you speak probably in any language,
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๋˜๋Š” ์•„๋งˆ๋„ ์–ด๋–ค ์–ธ์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ
01:01
we tend to talk more about the past than about anything else.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์–ด๋–ค ๊ฒƒ๋ณด๋‹ค ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ๋Œ€ํ•ด ๋” ๋งŽ์ด ์ด์•ผ๊ธฐํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒฝํ–ฅ์ด ์žˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
01:06
So, certainly, when we speak in English, we use this tense very, very often.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ํ™•์‹คํžˆ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์˜์–ด๋กœ ๋งํ•  ๋•Œ ์ด ์‹œ์ œ๋ฅผ ๋งค์šฐ ์ž์ฃผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:12
Okay? So, let's have a look at exactly how to make these changes
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ๋งค์šฐ ์‰ฝ๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์„ ์ˆ˜ํ–‰ํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์‚ดํŽด๋ณด๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค
01:17
so that you can ask questions in the past simple tense very easily. Okay.
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. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
01:24
So, first of all, let's look at the sentence. When we form a sentence using a regular verb
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๋จผ์ € ๋ฌธ์žฅ๋ถ€ํ„ฐ ๋ณผ๊นŒ์š”? ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์— ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋งŒ๋“ค ๋•Œ
01:31
in the past, so what we do is we take the base verb, which in this first case is "work",
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ทจํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด ์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” "work"
01:38
and we add "ed" or "d". Okay? If the verb already ends in "e", like "dance",
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์ด๊ณ  "ed" ๋˜๋Š” "d"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ "dance"์™€ ๊ฐ™์ด ์ด๋ฏธ "e"๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋ฉด
01:45
then we just add a "d"; and if not, we add "ed".
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"d"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์€ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ "ed"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
01:50
So: "He worked", right? "He worked",
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค", ๋งž์ฃ ? "๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค",
01:54
"work" becomes "worked". But what happens when we need to make the question? Two things.
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"์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค"๋Š” "์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค"๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‚˜ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ๋•Œ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ๋‘๊ฐ€์ง€.
02:01
First, you have to add this extra word: "Did".
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๋จผ์ € "Did"๋ผ๋Š” ์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:05
Without that, your question, I guarantee you, will be wrong.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ ์—†์ด๋Š” ๊ท€ํ•˜์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์ด ํ‹€๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ด๋ผ๊ณ  ์žฅ๋‹ดํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:10
It might be casual, it might be informal, but it will grammatically be incorrect.
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์ผ์ƒ์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋น„๊ณต์‹์ ์ผ ์ˆ˜๋„ ์žˆ์ง€๋งŒ ๋ฌธ๋ฒ•์ ์œผ๋กœ๋Š” ํ‹€๋ฆด ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:15
So we need that word "Did" to form the question, and then we have to make another change.
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๊ธฐ ์œ„ํ•ด "Did"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ํ•„์š”ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ณ€๊ฒฝ์„ ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:22
We have to add this: "Did he work?"
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: "๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
02:26
So what happened? Here, when we had the sentence, we had to
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๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์žˆ์—ˆ๋‚˜์š”? ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์ด ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ
02:31
write "ed", and we said: "He worked." But when we come back to the question,
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"ed"๋ฅผ ์จ์•ผํ–ˆ๊ณ  "๊ทธ๋Š” ์ผํ–ˆ๋‹ค"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹ค์‹œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด
02:37
we are coming back to the base form off the verb,
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€
02:41
so we do not say: "Did he worked?"
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๋ฏ€๋กœ "Did he work?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:44
We just say: "Did he work?" All right?
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
02:47
So try to get the rhythm of that. And I'll try to repeat
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์˜ ๋ฆฌ๋“ฌ์„ ์–ป์œผ๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋Š”
02:50
it for you, too, which you can then listen to and repeat after me. So, for example:
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๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฅผ ๋”ฐ๋ผ ๋ฐ˜๋ณตํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด ๋‹ค์Œ๊ณผ ๊ฐ™์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
02:56
"He worked.", "Did he work?",
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03:00
"She played.", "Did she play?",
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03:06
"They visited.", "Did they visit?"
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03:10
All right? You see? In each case, we have come back to the base form of the verb. So,
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ์•Œ๊ฒ ์–ด? ๊ฐ๊ฐ์˜ ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ
03:17
do not say: "Did he worked?" Don't say: "He worked?" Try to use the entire expression:
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"๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. "๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์ผํ–ˆ์–ด?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”. ์ „์ฒด ํ‘œํ˜„์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด๋ณด์„ธ์š”:
03:25
"Did he work?", "Did she play?", "Did they visit?" Okay?
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"Did he work?", "Did she play?", "Did they visit?" ์ข‹์•„์š”?
03:29
That's with regular verbs.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:31
Now, what happens when we have irregular verbs? Well, you have to learn a little bit more.
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์ž, ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์œผ๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”? ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:37
First, you have to learn: What is the past tense form to use with those irregular verbs?
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๋จผ์ €, ๋‹ค์Œ์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์˜ˆ
03:45
So, for example, in this one, the verb itself is the verb "go".
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๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด, ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ž์ฒด๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ "go"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
03:50
"I go." Or let's say: "He goes."
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"๋‚˜ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค." ๋˜๋Š” "๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ„๋‹ค"๊ณ ํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค.
03:53
But in the past, you have to know that the past tense form of "go" is "went".
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ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” "go"์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด "went"๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:00
All right? How do you know that? Well, you just have to learn it. Okay? There's no other way.
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์•Œ์•˜์–ด? ๊ธ€์Ž„, ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:06
There's a list of irregular verbs, and then you have to learn them by heart, you probably
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๋ชฉ๋ก์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ ์•”๊ธฐํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„๋งˆ
04:11
know many of them because you hear them a lot, but otherwise, you have to learn them.
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๋งŽ์ด ๋“ค์—ˆ๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์— ๋งŽ์ด ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด ๋ฐฐ์›Œ์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
04:17
There's not much choice, there. Okay?
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์„ ํƒ์˜ ์—ฌ์ง€๊ฐ€ ๋งŽ์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
04:20
So in the past: "He went." How do we make that into a question, and what happens?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์—๋Š” "๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ”๋‹ค." ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊ณ  ์–ด๋–ค ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”? ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์—
04:25
The same thing that happened up here with the regular verbs. So: "He went." becomes:
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๋Œ€ํ•ด์„œ๋„ ๊ฐ™์€ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ฌ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ : "๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ”๋‹ค."
04:32
"Did he go?" All right? So let's see. "He went to the store."
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"๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?" ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋ณด์ž. "๊ทธ๋Š” ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ์— ๊ฐ”๋‹ค."
04:37
When we ask the question, we say:
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์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•  ๋•Œ
04:39
"Did he go to the store?" All right?
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"๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ€๊ฒŒ์— ๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ? "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
04:42
So, again, we had to add the word "did", and
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‹ค์‹œ "did"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ–ˆ๊ณ 
04:46
we have to come back to the base form of the verb, which in this case was "go". All right?
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™€์•ผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ด ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์—๋Š” "go"์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
04:53
Next one: "She saw him." for example.
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๋‹ค์Œ: "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์•˜๋‹ค." ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค์–ด.
04:58
Question: "Did she see him?"
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์งˆ๋ฌธ: "๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋ฅผ ๋ดค๋‚˜์š”?"
05:01
We add "did" and we come back to the base form of the verb: "see".
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"did"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ์ธ "see"๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:07
"We broke the bottle."
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ณ‘์„ ๊นจ๋œจ๋ ธ๋‹ค."
05:10
Question: "Did we break the bottle?"
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์งˆ๋ฌธ: "์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋ณ‘์„ ๊นจ๋œจ๋ ธ๋‚˜์š”?"
05:14
We added "did" and we came back to the base form of the verb.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "did"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋ง์„ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„
05:19
I know you're going to get really tired of hearing me say that, but I'm saying that many times so that will
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๋“ค์œผ๋ฉด ์ •๋ง ์ง€์น˜์‹ค ๊ฑฐ๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฑธ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์ €๋Š” ๊ทธ ๋ง์„ ์—ฌ๋Ÿฌ ๋ฒˆ ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋ฉด
05:25
help you to remember that we do come back to that in all cases;
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:30
with regular verbs or
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๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ ๋˜๋Š”
05:32
irregular verbs. Okay? There is a pattern to it.
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๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์™€ ํ•จ๊ป˜. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ํŒจํ„ด์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
05:35
"Did he go?",
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"๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ฐ”์–ด?",
05:37
"Did she see?",
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"๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋ดค์–ด?",
05:38
"Did we break?" Okay? Like that.
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"์šฐ๋ฆฌ ํ—ค์–ด์กŒ์–ด?" ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ.
05:41
Try to hear it, try to say it aloud as much as you can as well.
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋“ฃ๊ณ  ๊ฐ€๋Šฅํ•œ ํ•œ ํฌ๊ฒŒ ๋งํ•˜๋ ค๊ณ  ๋…ธ๋ ฅํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค .
05:46
Now, there is another little challenge, because sometimes we're also using question words. Right?
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์ž, ๋˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์ž‘์€ ๋„์ „์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋•Œ๋•Œ๋กœ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์˜๋ฌธ์‚ฌ๋„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
05:53
So, for example... First of all, what are the question words?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์˜ˆ๋ฅผ ๋“ค๋ฉด... ์šฐ์„ , ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
05:57
"Who", "what", "when", "where", "why", "how", "how much", "how many", "how often",
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"๋ˆ„๊ฐ€", "๋ฌด์—‡์„", "์–ธ์ œ", "์–ด๋””์„œ", "์™œ", " ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ", "์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜", "์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ๋งŽ์ด", "์–ผ๋งˆ๋‚˜ ์ž์ฃผ"
06:02
things like that. Okay? These are our question words.
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๋“ฑ๋“ฑ. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ์˜ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ์–ด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:06
So, how do we integrate or use these words along with our past simple questions?
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๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ์˜ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ๊ณผ ํ•จ๊ป˜ ์ด๋Ÿฌํ•œ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ํ†ตํ•ฉํ•˜๊ฑฐ๋‚˜ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ ?
06:13
So let's take the sentence first:
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๋จผ์ €
06:15
"He bought it." All right? Past tense of "buy" is "bought".
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"๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ€๋‹ค"๋ผ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณด์ž. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? "์‚ฌ๋‹ค"์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์€ "์‚ฌ๋‹ค"์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:21
You need to learn that one. Now, if you want to ask the question... Use the question word
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๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ๋ฐฐ์šธ ํ•„์š”๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด...
06:26
"where", so what happens? We keep this part-right?-that we learnt up here: "Did he buy it?"
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"์–ด๋””"๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋ ๊นŒ์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ฐฐ์šด ์ด ๋ถ€๋ถ„์„ ์œ ์ง€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ƒ€์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
06:33
That stays the same, but we need to add the word, let's say "Where" before it. So, the important thing
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋™์ผํ•˜๊ฒŒ ์œ ์ง€๋˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ ์•ž์— "์–ด๋””"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•ฉ์‹œ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•ด์•ผ ํ•  ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ์‚ฌํ•ญ์€
06:41
to remember is: Even when we use that question word, we still have to use "did".
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์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•  ๋•Œ๋„ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ "did"๋ฅผ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•ด์•ผ ํ•œ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:46
So we don't say: "Where he buy it?"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋””์„œ ์‚ฌ๋‚˜์š”? "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:49
Or we do not say: "Where he bought it?"
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์•„๋‹ˆ๋ฉด "์–ด๋””์„œ ์ƒ€์–ด? "๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
06:52
No. We have to say:
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์•„๋‹ˆ์š”.
06:54
"Where did he buy it?",
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"์–ด๋””์„œ ์ƒ€์–ด?",
06:56
"Where did he buy it?" Okay? In regular conversation, that's how it would sound.
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"์–ด๋””์„œ ์ƒ€์–ด?" ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์ผ์ƒ์ ์ธ ๋Œ€ํ™”์—์„œ๋Š” ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ๋“ค๋ฆฝ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:02
"Where did he buy it?"
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"์–ด๋””์„œ ์ƒ€์–ด?"
07:05
"She left." All right? Now we want to say: "When?"
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"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์™ผ์ชฝ." ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ์ด์ œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” "์–ธ์ œ?"๋ผ๊ณ  ๋งํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:09
So it becomes: "When did she leave?",
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"์–ธ์ œ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์–ด?",
07:13
"When did she leave?" All right?
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"์–ธ์ œ ๋– ๋‚ฌ์–ด?" ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
07:15
So the most important thing is you're keeping this construction
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ๊ฐ€์žฅ ์ค‘์š”ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ์€
07:18
of: "Did she leave?" like we saw up here, but you're just adding the question word
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"๊ทธ๋…€๊ฐ€ ๋– ๋‚ฌ๋‚˜์š”?"๋ผ๋Š” ๊ตฌ์กฐ๋ฅผ ์œ ์ง€ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ๋ณธ ๊ฒƒ์ฒ˜๋Ÿผ ์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ
07:23
right before it. All right?
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๋ฐ”๋กœ ์•ž์— ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
07:25
Last one: "They returned."
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰: "๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:28
And you want to say: "Why?" You want to ask: Why? So it becomes:
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"์™œ?" ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋ฌป๊ณ  ์‹ถ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: ์™œ?
07:32
"Why did they return?" Okay?
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"๊ทธ๋“ค์€ ์™œ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?" ์ข‹์•„์š”?
07:35
Again, we have the form: "Did they return?"
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๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ "๊ทธ๋“ค์ด ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๋ผ๋Š” ํ˜•์‹์ด ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:38
and we just added the question word "Why" before it.
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๊ทธ ์•ž์— "์™œ"๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:42
In a minute when we come back, you'll have a chance to
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์ž ์‹œ ํ›„์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๋Œ์•„์˜ฌ ๋•Œ
07:45
practice this a little bit more.
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์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์—ฐ์Šตํ•  ๊ธฐํšŒ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
07:48
So, we'll look at the sentence, and then you help me to fill in the question. Okay?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ, ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ๋ณผ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค, ๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ์ž‘์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
07:55
Number one: "The client signed."
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์ฒซ ๋ฒˆ์งธ: "ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
07:58
Now, don't worry that in these examples I've purposely given
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์ด์ œ ์ด ์˜ˆ์—์„œ ์ผ๋ถ€๋Ÿฌ
08:01
you a few extra words. It doesn't matter if I said: "He signed." or "The client signed."
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์ถ”๊ฐ€ ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•˜์ง€ ๋งˆ์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ "๊ทธ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ช…ํ–ˆ๋‹ค"๊ณ  ๋งํ•ด๋„ ์ƒ๊ด€ ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋˜๋Š” "ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค."
08:10
Or if I gave a simple verb like "worked", and this is a new verb, but it doesn't matter.
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๋˜๋Š” ๋‚ด๊ฐ€ "worked"์™€ ๊ฐ™์€ ๊ฐ„๋‹จํ•œ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ์ฃผ์—ˆ๊ณ  ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ƒˆ๋กœ์šด ๋™์‚ฌ์ด์ง€๋งŒ ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:16
And even if you don't know the verb and even if you don't know the meaning, it doesn't
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ๋ชฐ๋ผ๋„ ์˜๋ฏธ๋ฅผ ๋ชฐ๋ผ๋„
08:21
matter. You know the principle, and so you can figure it out. Right? That's what I want
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์ƒ๊ด€์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์›๋ฆฌ๋ฅผ ์•Œ๊ณ  ์žˆ์œผ๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ๋‚ด๊ฐ€
08:28
you to be able to do. So even if you come across a word that you've never heard before,
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๋‹น์‹ ์ด ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ด์ „์— ๋“ค์–ด๋ณธ ์ ์ด ์—†๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋ฅผ ์ ‘ํ•˜๋”๋ผ๋„
08:34
you can still apply what you've learned to figure it out. Okay? That's what we're doing now.
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๋ฐฐ์šด ๋‚ด์šฉ์„ ์ ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ์•Œ์•„๋‚ผ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์ด ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์ง€๊ธˆ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์žˆ๋Š” ์ผ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:41
So: "The client signed." So, how do we make it into a question?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ : "ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”?
08:47
"Did", right? So I've written that for you already:
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"ํ–ˆ๋‹ค" ๋งž์ฃ ? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์„ ์œ„ํ•ด ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์ด๋ฏธ ์ผ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค:
08:50
"Did the client", what happens here?
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"ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๋ฅผ ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
08:55
This is a regular verb, so we added "ed".
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๊ทœ ๋™์‚ฌ ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ "ed"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
08:59
So what happens there? We go back to what?
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๊ทธ๋Ÿผ ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋ฌด์Šจ ์ผ์ด ์ผ์–ด๋‚ ๊นŒ์š”? ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋‚˜์š”?
09:02
The base form of the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ.
09:08
So: "Did the client sign?"
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ : "ํด๋ผ์ด์–ธํŠธ๊ฐ€ ์„œ๋ช… ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
09:11
For example: "Did the client sign the contract?" Okay?
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์˜ˆ: "๊ณ ๊ฐ์ด ๊ณ„์•ฝ์„œ์— ์„œ๋ช…ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?" ์ข‹์•„์š”?
09:15
Next: "The President agreed." All right?
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๋‹ค์Œ: "๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น์ด ๋™์˜ํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
09:19
This was an example of a verb which already ends
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์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ด๋ฏธ
09:22
in "e", so we only needed to add the "d"-right?-to turn it into the past tense.
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"e"๋กœ ๋๋‚˜๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ์˜ˆ์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ "d"(right?)๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜์—ฌ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๋กœ ๋ฐ”๊พธ๋ฉด ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:28
"The President agreed." When we ask the question, it becomes:
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"๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๊ป˜์„œ ๋™์˜ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ ํ•˜๋ฉด
09:32
"Did the President
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"๋Œ€ํ†ต๋ น๊ป˜์„œ
09:39
agree?" Okay? Very good.
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๋™์˜ํ•˜์…จ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€.
09:42
"The university offered."
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"๋Œ€ํ•™ ์ œ๊ณต."
09:44
Now, I didn't have space to write the full sentence. Maybe something
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์ด์ œ ์ „์ฒด ๋ฌธ์žฅ์„ ์“ธ ๊ณต๊ฐ„์ด ์—†์—ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค .
09:48
like: "The university offered him a scholarship." Okay? So, we know that the verb is "offer",
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"๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์žฅํ•™๊ธˆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ "offer"๋ผ๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์••๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
09:55
then we add an "ed", it became past tense. "The university offered", but when we go back
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๊ทธ๋Ÿฐ ๋‹ค์Œ "ed"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. "The ๋Œ€ํ•™์ด ์ œ์•ˆํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค", ํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์—์„œ
10:01
to the base form of the verb in the question, it becomes:
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธํ˜•์œผ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ€๋ฉด
10:05
"Did the university
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"๋Œ€ํ•™์ด
10:10
offer him a scholarship?" Right?
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๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์žฅํ•™๊ธˆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜ค๋ฅธ์ชฝ?
10:13
"Did the university offer him a scholarship?"
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"๋Œ€ํ•™์—์„œ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ์žฅํ•™๊ธˆ์„ ์ œ๊ณตํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"
10:17
So in all these cases, we have come back to the
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ ์ด ๋ชจ๋“  ๊ฒฝ์šฐ์— ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š”
10:20
base form of the verb. Okay, good.
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„์™”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”.
10:23
Next: "The band performed." Okay?
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๋‹ค์Œ: "๋ฐด๋“œ ๊ณต์—ฐ." ์ข‹์•„์š”?
10:27
Again, we see the "ed" here.
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์„œ๋„ "ed"๊ฐ€ ๋ณด์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:30
"Did the band
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"๋ฐด๋“œ๊ฐ€
10:38
perform?"
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๊ณต์—ฐํ–ˆ๋‹ˆ?"
10:39
Okay? Very good. I'm sure you got it right. You've understood this, now.
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์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€. ๋‚˜๋Š” ๋‹น์‹ ์ด ์˜ฌ๋ฐ”๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ๋‹ค๊ณ  ํ™•์‹ ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋‹น์‹ ์€ ์ด์ œ ์ด๊ฒƒ์„ ์ดํ•ดํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
10:44
All right, so those were regular verbs. Now we have a few irregular verbs. All right?
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์ž, ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ๋“ค์€ ์ผ๋ฐ˜ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜€์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ด์ œ ๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
10:50
Nothing to worry about. Oh, actually there's some regular and some irregular. Okay?
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๊ฑฑ์ •ํ•  ๊ฒƒ์ด ์—†์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์•„, ์‚ฌ์‹ค ๊ทœ์น™์ ์ธ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ๊ณ  ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ํ•œ ๊ฒƒ๋„ ์žˆ์–ด์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
10:55
All right. "It felt good."
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€. "๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•˜๋‹ค."
10:58
Now, "felt"-okay?-is the past tense of which word?
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์ž, "felt"-์•Œ์•˜์–ด?-๋Š” ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:04
This and this are two verbs that students always get confused. All right?
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this์™€ this๋Š” ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์ด ํ•ญ์ƒ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜๋Š” ๋‘ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
11:11
So, "felt" is the past tense of
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "felt"๋Š”
11:16
"feel", so it becomes:
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"feel"์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐํ˜•์ด๋ฏ€๋กœ
11:18
"Did it feel good?"
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"๊ธฐ๋ถ„์ด ์ข‹์•˜๋‚˜์š”?"๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
11:23
All right? Very good. "It felt good.",
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๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€. "๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹์•˜์–ด.",
11:26
"Did it feel good?", "feel", "felt".
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"๊ธฐ๋ถ„ ์ข‹์•˜์–ด?", "๋Š๊ผˆ์–ด.", "๋Š๊ผˆ์–ด."
11:30
Let's jump down here for a second, because I want you to see the contrast. All right?
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์—ฌ๊ธฐ์—์„œ ์ž ์‹œ ์•„๋ž˜๋กœ ๋›ฐ์–ด๋‚ด๋ฆฌ๊ฒ ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋Œ€์กฐ๋ฅผ ๋ณด์…จ์œผ๋ฉด ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
11:34
"She fell yesterday." Okay? She fell down, or something like that.
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"์–ด์ œ ๋„˜์–ด์กŒ์–ด." ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ๋„˜์–ด์กŒ๋‹ค.
11:39
So: "fell" is the past tense of which word?
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ: "fell"์€ ์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:44
It's the past tense of, what is it?
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๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
11:48
"Fall", very good. So the question becomes:
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"๊ฐ€์„", ์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์•„. ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์€
11:51
"How did",
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"์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ",
11:57
"How did she fall?" All right?
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"์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?"๊ฐ€ ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
12:01
Because when we have the question word, we still need to add "did",
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์งˆ๋ฌธ ๋‹จ์–ด๊ฐ€ ์žˆ์„ ๋•Œ ์—ฌ์ „ํžˆ "did"๋ฅผ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ด์•ผ ํ•˜๊ธฐ ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—
12:04
and then we come back to the base form of the verb.
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๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ‘๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:09
Okay. "How did she fall?" All right? So remember these two. Okay? People... Students
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์ข‹์•„์š”. "๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ๋–จ์–ด์กŒ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?" ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ๊ทธ๋Ÿฌ๋‹ˆ ์ด ๋‘ ๊ฐ€์ง€๋ฅผ ๊ธฐ์–ตํ•˜์„ธ์š”. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ์‚ฌ๋žŒ๋“ค... ํ•™์ƒ๋“ค์€
12:14
always confuse these two verbs, so make sure you don't do that.
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ํ•ญ์ƒ ์ด ๋‘ ๋™์‚ฌ๋ฅผ ํ˜ผ๋™ํ•˜๋ฏ€๋กœ ๊ทธ๋ ‡๊ฒŒ ํ•˜์ง€ ์•Š๋„๋ก ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:18
"Fall", "fell", "feel", "felt". All right? Very good.
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"๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋‹ค", "๋–จ์–ด์ง€๋‹ค", "๋Š๋ผ๋‹ค", "๋Š๊ผˆ๋‹ค". ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€? ๋งค์šฐ ์ข‹์€.
12:23
"The bride arrived." Who's the bride? What does the word "bride" mean? The bride is the
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"์‹ ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ์™”๋‹ค." ์‹ ๋ถ€๋Š” ๋ˆ„๊ตฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? "์‹ ๋ถ€"๋ผ๋Š” ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ์˜๋ฏธํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? ์‹ ๋ถ€๋Š”
12:30
elegant woman who's getting married. Okay? So, a "bride" is the woman who's getting married.
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๊ฒฐํ˜ผ์„ ์•ž๋‘” ์šฐ์•„ํ•œ ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”? ๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ "์‹ ๋ถ€"๋Š” ๊ฒฐํ˜ผํ•  ์—ฌ์„ฑ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:36
So: "The bride arrived." This happens to be a regular verb. How do we know that? Because
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๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ : "์‹ ๋ถ€๊ฐ€ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค." ์ด๊ฒƒ์€ ์ •๊ทœ ๋™์‚ฌ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์šฐ๋ฆฌ๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ๊ฒƒ์„ ์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์••๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
12:42
of the ending, here. Again, the word ends in "e": "arrive", we're just adding "d". So,
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๊ฒฐ๋ง ๋•Œ๋ฌธ์—, ์—ฌ๊ธฐ. ๋‹ค์‹œ ๋งํ•˜์ง€๋งŒ ๋‹จ์–ด๋Š” "e"๋กœ ๋๋‚ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค: "arrive", "d"๋งŒ ์ถ”๊ฐ€ํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ทธ๋ ‡๋‹ค๋ฉด
12:48
how do we make it a question? "When",
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์–ด๋–ป๊ฒŒ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์œผ๋กœ ๋งŒ๋“ค๊นŒ์š”? "์–ธ์ œ",
12:58
very good.
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์•„์ฃผ ์ข‹์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
12:59
"When did she arrive?" Okay?
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"๊ทธ๋…€๋Š” ์–ธ์ œ ๋„์ฐฉํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?" ์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:03
We've gone back to our base form.
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์šฐ๋ฆฌ๋Š” ๊ธฐ๋ณธ ํ˜•ํƒœ๋กœ ๋Œ์•„๊ฐ”์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
13:06
Last one: "I told him." Okay?
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๋งˆ์ง€๋ง‰: "๋‚ด๊ฐ€ ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ์–ด." ์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:09
"I told him." So "told" is the past
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"๋‚˜๋Š” ๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋งํ–ˆ๋‹ค." ๊ทธ๋ž˜์„œ "told"๋Š”
13:13
tense of which word? You need to know in order to ask the question:
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์–ด๋–ค ๋‹จ์–ด์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ์ž…๋‹ˆ๊นŒ?
13:17
"What",
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"๋ฌด์—‡",
13:20
"What did you
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"
13:25
tell him?" All right?
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๊ทธ์—๊ฒŒ ๋ฌด์—‡์„ ๋งํ–ˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๊นŒ? "๋ผ๋Š” ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„ํ•˜๋ ค๋ฉด ์•Œ์•„์•ผํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
13:27
So you see that especially with the past tense of the irregular verbs, it's really important
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ํŠนํžˆ ๋ถˆ๊ทœ์น™ ๋™์‚ฌ์˜ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ
13:33
for you to know exactly what's the past tense form and... And so on. Because otherwise,
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๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ์‹œ์ œ ํ˜•ํƒœ๊ฐ€ ๋ฌด์—‡์ธ์ง€ ์ •ํ™•ํžˆ ์•„๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์ด ์ •๋ง ์ค‘์š”ํ•˜๋‹ค๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์•Œ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ๋“ฑ๋“ฑ. ๊ทธ๋ ‡์ง€ ์•Š์œผ๋ฉด
13:39
you won't be able to make this transition easily and comfortably, but once you know
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์ด ์ „ํ™˜์„ ์‰ฝ๊ณ  ํŽธ์•ˆํ•˜๊ฒŒ ํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์—†์ง€๋งŒ ์ผ๋‹จ ์•Œ๊ณ  ๋‚˜๋ฉด
13:44
them, it will come to you really, really fast. Okay?
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์ •๋ง ๋น ๋ฅด๊ฒŒ ๋‹ค๊ฐ€์˜ฌ ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ข‹์•„์š”?
13:48
So I hope this lesson has helped you
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๋”ฐ๋ผ์„œ ์ €๋Š” ์ด ์ˆ˜์—…์ด ํŠนํžˆ ๊ณผ๊ฑฐ ๋‹จ์ˆœ ์‹œ์ œ์—์„œ ์งˆ๋ฌธ์„
13:50
to understand a little bit better how to form questions, especially in the past simple tense.
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ํ˜•์„ฑํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐฉ๋ฒ•์„ ์กฐ๊ธˆ ๋” ์ž˜ ์ดํ•ดํ•˜๋Š” ๋ฐ ๋„์›€์ด ๋˜์—ˆ๊ธฐ๋ฅผ ๋ฐ”๋ž๋‹ˆ๋‹ค . ํ•ญ์ƒ ๊ถŒ์žฅ๋˜๋Š”
13:56
If you'd like to do some practice, which is always recommended,
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๋ช‡ ๊ฐ€์ง€ ์—ฐ์Šต์„ ํ•˜๊ณ  ์‹ถ๋‹ค๋ฉด
14:00
please go to our website, www.engvid.com, and there you can do a quiz on this,
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์ €ํฌ ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ www.engvid.com์œผ๋กœ ์ด๋™ํ•˜์—ฌ ์ด์— ๋Œ€ํ•œ ํ€ด์ฆˆ๋ฅผ ํ’€๊ณ 
14:06
as well as watch over 700 other lessons.
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700๊ฐœ ์ด์ƒ์˜ ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ๋ ˆ์Šจ์„ ์‹œ์ฒญํ•  ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ์Šต๋‹ˆ๋‹ค.
14:09
And then don't forget to subscribe to my YouTube channel
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๊ทธ๋ฆฌ๊ณ  ๋‹ค๋ฅธ ์œ ์šฉํ•œ ๋น„๋””์˜ค๋ฅผ ๋งŽ์ด ์–ป์„ ์ˆ˜ ์žˆ๋„๋ก ์ œ YouTube ์ฑ„๋„์„ ๊ตฌ๋…ํ•˜๋Š” ๊ฒƒ์„ ์žŠ์ง€ ๋งˆ์„ธ์š”
14:14
so you can get lots of other useful videos. All right?
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. ๊ดœ์ฐฎ์€?
14:17
All the best with your English. Bye for now.
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์˜์–ด๋กœ ์ตœ์„ ์„ ๋‹คํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค. ์ง€๊ธˆ์€ ์•ˆ๋…•.
์ด ์›น์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ ์ •๋ณด

์ด ์‚ฌ์ดํŠธ๋Š” ์˜์–ด ํ•™์Šต์— ์œ ์šฉํ•œ YouTube ๋™์˜์ƒ์„ ์†Œ๊ฐœํ•ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์ „ ์„ธ๊ณ„ ์ตœ๊ณ ์˜ ์„ ์ƒ๋‹˜๋“ค์ด ๊ฐ€๋ฅด์น˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ˆ˜์—…์„ ๋ณด๊ฒŒ ๋  ๊ฒƒ์ž…๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๊ฐ ๋™์˜์ƒ ํŽ˜์ด์ง€์— ํ‘œ์‹œ๋˜๋Š” ์˜์–ด ์ž๋ง‰์„ ๋”๋ธ” ํด๋ฆญํ•˜๋ฉด ๊ทธ๊ณณ์—์„œ ๋™์˜์ƒ์ด ์žฌ์ƒ๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ๋น„๋””์˜ค ์žฌ์ƒ์— ๋งž์ถฐ ์ž๋ง‰์ด ์Šคํฌ๋กค๋ฉ๋‹ˆ๋‹ค. ์˜๊ฒฌ์ด๋‚˜ ์š”์ฒญ์ด ์žˆ๋Š” ๊ฒฝ์šฐ ์ด ๋ฌธ์˜ ์–‘์‹์„ ์‚ฌ์šฉํ•˜์—ฌ ๋ฌธ์˜ํ•˜์‹ญ์‹œ์˜ค.

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